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When a 60-times or higher excess of D-glycero-D-gulo-heptono-1,4-lactone (GHL) over CrVI is used, reaction yields D-gluconic acid, formic acid and CrIII as final products. The redox reaction involves formation of intermediates, CrIV and CrV species, reacting with GHL at comparable rates. CrIV is a very reactive intermediate and does not accumulate during this reaction; its rate of disappearance is 2.0 × 104 and 4.0 × 103 times higher than CrVI or CrV reaction with GHL, respectively. Kinetic studies show that the redox reaction proceeds through a mechanism combining CrVI → CrIV → CrII and CrVI → CrIV → CrIII pathways. This mechanism is supported by the observation of free radicals, superoxoCrIII (CrO22+) and oxo-CrV as intermediates species. Complete rate laws for the GHL/chromium redox reaction are described in the present work. EPR spectra show that five-coordinate oxo-CrV bischelates (giso1 = 1.9802; giso2 = 1.9803) are formed at pH ≤ 4 where the OH and O-ring groups of GHL participate in the bonding to oxo-CrV. Penta-coordinated oxo-CrV monochelates are observed as minor species (giso3 = 1.9866; giso4 = 1.9879) in addition to the major penta-coordinated oxo-CrV bischelates. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The asymmetric unit of the title salt, C7H8N3 + ·C7H5O6S- comprises two 1,3- dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-iminium cations and two 2-hydroxy-5-sulfobenzoate anions (Z' = 2). In the crystal, the molecules interact through N—H...O, O—H...O hydrogen bonds and C—O...π contacts. The hydrogen bonding interactions lead to the formation of layers parallel to (101). Hirshfield surface analysis revealed that H...H contacts contribute to most of the crystal packing with 38.9%, followed by H...O contacts with 36.2% [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrialization increases day by day and hence the demand of Cr (VI) compounds are also increased in tanning, electroplating, printing and in dyeing industries, which has resulted in considerable amounts of waste containing Cr(VI) being emitted. Environmental scientists are quite concerned about how much Cr(VI) is present in water since it creates a severe harm to the ecosystem and humans. Because of their functional diversity, high efficacy, economic viability, and simplicity of technical operation, low-cost biosorbents made of lignocellulosic biomasses have drawn attention for elimination of Cr(VI). One versatile and efficient approach to address Cr(VI) pollution is through the use of lignocellulosic materials, for biosorption. Within this comprehensive review, we conduct an impartial evaluation of the biosorption capabilities of various lignocellulosic biosorbents, while also examining the underlying mechanisms involved in the biosorption process by focusing on crucial variables including pH, contact time, dosage, and temperature. In addition, we assemble a list of investigated lignocellulose-based biosorbents that may be beneficial. In addition to offering our recommendations for future views, the review's objective is to highlight existing trends, potential study areas, and obstacles to the practical use of the biosorption process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The no-reflow (NR) phenomenon is frequently encountered in acute coronary syndrome. We evaluated the association between anticoagulation and risk factors in atrial fibrillation (ATRIA) and modified ATRIA risk scores and NR in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Consecutive patients (n = 551) who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention between December 2019 and June 2020 due to STEMI were included. The mean age of the patients was 60.5 ± 10.8 years (n = 369, 67% male). The ATRIA and modified anticoagulation and risk factors in atrial fibrillation-hyperlipidemia, smoking, male (m-ATRIA-HS) scores were calculated. The NR group had higher frequency of diabetes mellitus (DM), serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) levels, and corrected thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame count (cTFC) (P =.002, P =.006, and P <.001, respectively). In regression analysis, ATRIA, m-ATRIA-HS, thrombus grade, and cTFC were independent predictors of NR. Age, higher CK-MB, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and DM were the other predictors for NR. Pairwise comparison of receiver operating characteristics curve analysis showed that the m-ATRIA-HS (>2, area under curve [AUC]: 0.715) has better performance than ATRIA score (>1, AUC: 0.656), with a P <.022 and z statistics 2.279. In conclusion, ATRIA, especially the m-ATRIA-HS, can be used to evaluate NR risk in STEMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bees are excellent pollinators and serve an essential environmental purpose. However, little is known about the wellbeing impact of bees on humans. This research addressed the knowledge gap concerning the impact of beekeeping on the wellbeing of beekeepers and their families, focusing on the oftenoverlooked psychological, emotional, and social dimensions. Thirty farmers in Ireland participating in the Let it Bee project, aimed at promoting biodiversity and water source protection, were provided with bee hives. Twelve participants were interviewed to explore the effects of beekeeping on their wellbeing. Thematic Analysis was employed to analyze the data, revealing five central themes. (1) The centrality of pride in accomplishing environmental and community objectives in the farmers' beekeeping activities; (2) the evolving sense of togetherness with nature, family, and community throughout the project; (3) a profound sense of contributing significantly to the greater good; (4) the recognized value of beekeeping for beekeepers' psychological growth, flow, and relaxation; and (5) the opportunity for beekeepers to leverage their character strengths. The implications of these findings are discussed within the framework of their impact on environmental conservation, healthcare policymaking, and implications for research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Comportamentalia is the property of Instituto de Psicologia y Educacion de la Universidad Veracruzana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The possibility that the aromatic component in the classical H-antagonists might not be essential for histamine H-receptor blockade has been investigated. In the ranitidine series the removal of the furan ring is accompanied by a drastic decrease in H-blocking activity, but not by its disappearance (compound HB5: K on guinea pig isolated atria 31.6 μ M) whereas in the lamtidine analogues the substitution of the phenyl moiety with the more reduced π-bonded CH-C=N-area generates a compound whose activity is comparable to that of cimetidine (K on atria 1.12μ M; ID in the lumen-perfused stomach of the anaesthetized rat 3.61 μmol/kg i.v.). The results also indicate that the diaminofurazan group confers high affinity at the histamine H-receptor. It is concluded that the aromatic portion of H-antagonists related to ranitidine and lamtidine is not a minimal requisite for activity when an appropriate polar group is used as an 'urea equivalent' moiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of blue and green spaces on wellbeing has been universally acknowledged. However, the meaning of "wellbeing" differs depending on the lens through which it is viewed. The current review of reviews considers the impact of blue and green spaces from the positive psychology perspective, which focuses on the gains in psychological outcomes (e.g., optimism, positive affect) instead of a reduction in deficits (e.g., depression, anxiety). Of the 149 systematic review and meta-analysis papers, 17 were included in the current review of reviews. The results highlighted the scarcity of systematic reviews that assess the positive outcomes of blue and green spaces and moderating factors associated with them. The existing systematic reviews identified inconsistent wellbeing frameworks, focused primarily on positive affect as an outcome of engaging in nature and disregarded eudaimonic aspects of wellbeing. Limitations of the current systematic reviews and future directions are discussed along with the implications for practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Data on the crystal structure of compounds do not yet provide insight into the relationship between structure and properties. However, the method of crystal chemical analysis, including the Hirschfeld surface and void analysis in the description of molecules, will help correct the situation. Purpose. To test the applicability of the Hirschfeld surface and void analysis in the study of intermolecular interactions in a crystal structure, using the example of the compound 2-amino-1H-benzimidazolium 2-hydroxybenzoate. Methodology. X-ray diffraction analysis, Hirschfeld surface analysis, fingerprint diagrams, void analysis. Originality. A new compound was obtained and studied in the reaction of 2-aminobenzimidazole with hydroxybenzoic acid. Findings.It was shown that the asymmetric unit of the molecule contains centrosymmetric benzimidazolium cations and salicylic anions that link imidazole fragments with the oxygen atoms of neighboring anions. In the structure of the benzimidazole molecule, the N-H groups form strong hydrogen bonds with the oxygen atoms of the carboxyl group of the hydroxybenzoate anion; in the structure, H⋯H (46.7%) and H⋯C/C⋯H (19.6%) are significant; π--π stacking interactions are observed; the volume of voids in the package is 100.83 Å. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The three-dimensional cadmium coordination polymer {[Cd4(H2O)2(ita)4(bpe)6]⋅(H2O)26}n (1) (ita = itaconate; bpe = 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane) was obtained by self-assembly solution reaction under ambient conditions and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray single crystal diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic system with space group P212121. Cd centers exhibit distorted octahedral and distorted pentagonal bipyramidal coordination geometries. Polymer 1 demonstrates a new 3D topology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sociologia Italiana is the property of EGEA S.p.A and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Emerging evidences indicate that glucocorticoid receptors (GR) play a regulatory role in cardiac function, particularly with regard to the autonomic nervous system. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate the expression and the precise anatomical location of GR in relation to the parasympathetic and sympathetic innervations of the heart. Methods: The present study used tissue samples from rat heart atria to perform conventional reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR), Western blot, and double immunofluorescence confocal analysis of GR with the neuronal markers vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) as well as the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Results: Double immunofluorescence labeling revealed that GRs were co-expressed with VAChT in parasympathetic principal neuronal somata and nerve terminals innervating atrium. Also, GR colocalized with the sympathetic neuronal marker TH in a cluster of small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells, on intracardiac nerve terminals and in the atrial myocardium. GR immunoreactivity was scarcely identified on CGRP-immunoreactive sensory nerve terminals. Approximately 20% of GR immunoreactive neuronal somata co-localized with MR. Finally, conventional RT-PCR and Western blot confirmed the presence of GR and MR in rat heart atria. Conclusion: This study provides evidence for the existence of GR predominantly on cardiac parasympathetic neurons and TH-immunoreactive SIF cells suggesting a functional role of cardiac GR on cardiovascular function by modulation of the cardiac autonomic nervous system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water pollution is threatening the environment, humans and all living organisms. Therefore, it is crucial to apply efficient, safe and cheap ways to keep water clean. In this regard, natural wastes (algae, fruits, etc) can be used as energy sources to compensate the shortage of resources and energy. In our study, well washed and grinded Fucus spiralis (FS) and Sargassum muticum (SM) were impregnated with chitosan (CH) to obtain new composites (FS-CH and SM-CH). The new campsites were then used as adsorbents for Mn+7 metal ion from wastewater. To characterize these composites, we apply IR and SEM tests. This characterization was done on various factors, temperature, composite weight, pH, metal ion adsorption isotherms, kinetics, thermodynamics, time and the initial concentration of Mn+7. The results showed that the metal ion removal percentage was inversely proportional to temperature. The metal ion removal percentage was consistent when the weight of composite changes from 0.05 g to 0.3 g for (FS-CH), whereas it was consistent till 0.2 g then decreased when the weight of composite changes from 0.2 g to 0.3 g for (SM-CH). The metal ion removal percentage was also consistent under pH 0-6 then decreased. The metal ion removal percentage was directly proportional to time. The reusability was 100% in the second time then decreased at 3rd and 4th times. The thermodynamic results showed that the adsorption of the metal ion Mn+7 onto (FS-CH and SM-CH) was spontaneous and exothermic process. Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin isotherm and first second order model, order, Intraparticle diffusion kinetic model, Elovich kinetic models were applied on the adsorption isotherm of Mn+7 onto (FS-CH and SM-CH). Quantum mechanics calculations were carried out using DFT methods to compute ESP, Frontier molecular orbitals and global properties. Also, QMAIM was performed to analysis and calculate the types of interactions between chitosan/cellulose composite and Mn+7 ions in gas and water phases. The binding energy between Mn+7 and chitosan/cellulose composite was calculated in gas and water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Frailty is often cited as a factor influencing oral anticoagulation (OAC) prescription in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). We sought to determine the prevalence of frailty and its association with OAC prescription in older veterans with NVAF. Methods: We used ICD-9 codes in Veterans Affairs (VA) records and Medicare claims data to identify patients with NVAF and CHA2DS2VASC ≥2 receiving care between February 2010 and September 2015. We examined rates of OAC prescription, further stratified by direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) or vitamin K antagonist (VKA). Participants were characterized into 3 categories: non-frail, pre-frail, and frail based on a validated 30-item EHR-derived frailty index. We examined relations between frailty and OAC receipt; and frailty and type of OAC prescribed in regression models adjusted for factors related to OAC prescription. Results: Of 308,664 veterans with NVAF and a CHA2DS2VASC score ≥2, 121,839 (39%) were prescribed OAC (73% VKA). The mean age was 77.7 (9.6) years; CHA2DS2VASC and ATRIA scores were 4.6 (1.6) and 5.0 (2.9) respectively. Approximately a third (38%) were frail, another third (32%) were pre-frail, and the remainder were not frail. Veterans prescribed OAC were younger, had higher bleeding risk, and were less likely to be frail than participants not receiving OAC (all p's<0.001). After adjustment for factors associated with OAC use, pre-frail (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.87–0.91) and frail (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.64–0.68) veterans were significantly less likely to be prescribed OAC than non-frail veterans. Of those prescribed OAC, pre-frail (OR:1.27, 95% CI: 1.22–1.31) and frail (OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.67–1.83) veterans were significantly more likely than non-frail veterans to be prescribed a DOAC than a VKA. Conclusions: There are high rates of frailty among older veterans with NVAF. Frailty using an EHR-derived index is associated with decreased OAC prescription. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aimed to evaluate the yam peel in a bed column packaged as a chromium(VI) ion adsorbent in an aqueous solution. Yam peel was used as adsorbent, prior washing, drying, size reduction, and selection. The experimental work consisted in determining the effect of bed depth, particle size, and temperature, keeping inlet flow = 0.75 cm3∙s-1, pH = 2 and initial concentration of 100 mg∙dm-3. The Adsorption Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDS) analysis on yam (Dioscorea rotundata) peel showed a heterogeneous, porous structure, with functional groups characteristic in lignocellulosic materials. It was analysed regarding the influence of temperature, bed height, and adsorbent particle size on the removal efficiency; it was found that the decrease of particle size and the increase of the bed height favour the elimination of the metallic ion, with removal rates between 92.4 and 98.3%. The bed maximum adsorption capacity was 61.75 mg∙g-1, and break time of 360 min. The break curve's adjustment to the Thomas, Yoon-Nelson, Dose-Response and Adams-Bohart models was evaluated, concluding that the Yoon-Nelson and Dose-Response models best described the behaviour of the break curve with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.95 and 0.96, respectively. The results show that the bio-adsorbent studied can be used to eliminate Cr(VI) in a continuous system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study established the efficiency of a fixed bed column in the removal of Ni (II) and Cu (II) ions from an industrial paint effluent. The kola nut pod was characterized to identify functional groups, morphology, and porosity nature of the adsorbent. The appearance and shifts of some peaks in the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra revealed amide, carboxyl, and hydroxyl groups. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed a non-cellulosic morphology with clear pore structure; the BET analysis gave a surface area and pore volume values of 225.0 m2/g and 0.03949 cm3/g, respectively. Surface area and pore volume of the loaded adsorbent decreased by 37.87 and 98.66%, respectively. Deposition and coverage of adsorptive sites were observed on the loaded adsorbent from the SEM results. Raw effluent from paint production industry was analyzed using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Results obtained indicated the presence of Ni(II) and Cu(II) at concentrations of 5.3747 mg/L and 35.6636 mg/L, respectively, among other heavy metals. Optimum values for an efficient column parametric study were obtained at a bed height of 10.0 cm, flow rate of 5.0 mL/min and at their respective initial concentrations. The percentage removal for Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions were 29.35 and 93.9%, respectively, with corresponding adsorption capacity of 12.841 and 6.100 mg/g. The range of values of the error functions obtained from the analysis on Thomas model for adsorption of both copper and nickel ions are SSE values range 0.0053–0.0928 and 0.0044–0.7491, HYBRID values of 0.0143–1.0999 and 0.0057–9.7006, MPSD values of 0.5193–5.4680 and 0.2260–30.0215 and R2 values of 0.2720–0.8027 and 0.0008–0.5866, respectively. The kinetic isotherms revealed that the Thomas gave the lowest error between calculated and experimental values, coefficient of determination and thus can be used in describing the behavior of the adsorption process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by complex and irregular propagation patterns, and AF onset locations and drivers responsible for its perpetuation are the main targets for ablation procedures. ECG imaging (ECGI) has been demonstrated as a promising tool to identify AF drivers and guide ablation procedures, being able to reconstruct the electrophysiological activity on the heart surface by using a non-invasive recording of body surface potentials (BSP). However, the inverse problem of ECGI is ill-posed, and it requires accurate mathematical modeling of both atria and torso, mainly from CT or MR images. Several deep learning-based methods have been proposed to detect AF, but most of the AF-based studies do not include the estimation of ablation targets. In this study, we propose to model the location of AF drivers from BSP as a supervised classification problem using convolutional neural networks (CNN). Accuracy in the test set ranged between 0.75 (SNR = 5 dB) and 0.93 (SNR = 20 dB upward) when assuming time independence, but it worsened to 0.52 or lower when dividing AF models into blocks. Therefore, CNN could be a robust method that could help to non-invasively identify target regions for ablation in AF by using body surface potential mapping, avoiding the use of ECGI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]