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Dietary fats significantly influence the survival of penumbral neurons in a rat model of chronic ischemic by modifying lipid mediators, inflammatory biomarkers, NOS production, and redox-dependent apoptotic signals.
- Source :
-
Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) [Nutrition] 2015 Nov-Dec; Vol. 31 (11-12), pp. 1430-42. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Jul 02. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- Objective: Brain stroke is the third most important cause of death in developed countries. We studied the effect of different dietary lipids on the outcome of a permanent ischemic stroke rat model.<br />Methods: Wistar rats were fed diets containing 7% commercial oils (S, soybean; O, olive; C, coconut; G, grape seed) for 35 d. Stroke was induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. Coronal slices from ischemic brains and sham-operated animals were supravitally stained. Penumbra and core volumes were calculated by image digitalization after 24, 48, and 72 h poststroke. Homogenates and mitochondrial fractions were prepared from different zones and analyzed by redox status, inflammatory markers, ceramide, and arachidonate content, phospholipase A2, NOS, and proteases.<br />Results: Soybean (S) and G diets were mainly prooxidative and proinflammatory by increasing the liberation of arachidonate and its transformation into prostaglandins. O was protective in terms of redox homeostatic balance, minor increases in lipid and protein damage, conservation of reduced glutathione, protective activation of NOS in penumbra, and net ratio of anti-to proinflammatory cytokines. Apoptosis (caspase-3, milli- and microcalpains) was less activated by O than by any other diet.<br />Conclusion: Dietary lipids modulate NOS and PLA2 activities, ceramide production, and glutathione import into the mitochondrial matrix, finally determining the activation of the two main protease systems involved in programmed cell death. Olive oil appears to be a biological source for the isolation of protective agents that block the expansion of brain core at the expense of penumbral neurons.<br /> (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Antioxidants pharmacology
Apoptosis
Biomarkers metabolism
Brain cytology
Brain metabolism
Brain Ischemia diet therapy
Brain Ischemia metabolism
Brain Ischemia pathology
Cocos
Diet
Inflammation etiology
Inflammation metabolism
Lipid Metabolism drug effects
Male
Neurons
Neuroprotective Agents pharmacology
Neuroprotective Agents therapeutic use
Nitric Oxide Synthase metabolism
Olea
Oxidation-Reduction
Plant Oils adverse effects
Plant Oils pharmacology
Rats, Wistar
Reactive Oxygen Species adverse effects
Glycine max
Vitis
Antioxidants therapeutic use
Brain drug effects
Dietary Fats adverse effects
Dietary Fats metabolism
Dietary Fats pharmacology
Dietary Fats therapeutic use
Inflammation prevention & control
Oxidative Stress drug effects
Plant Oils therapeutic use
Stroke diet therapy
Stroke etiology
Stroke metabolism
Stroke pathology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-1244
- Volume :
- 31
- Issue :
- 11-12
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 26429666
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2015.05.023