Comparison of milk fat globule membrane and whey proteome between Dromedary and Bactrian camel.

• 216 MFGM and 109 whey proteins were significantly difference between CB and CD. • These difference proteins were mainly related to immunity, inflammation and catalysis. • Proteins involved in PI3K/AKT signal pathway may attribute to the hypoglycemic effect. Camel milk is rich in nutrients and its impact on human medicine and nutrition cannot be ignored. We conducted an in-depth analysis of milk proteins obtained from two camel breed (Camelus bactrianus , CB and Camelus dromedarius , CD). Label-free proteomic technology was performed to analysis the MFGM and whey proteomes of CB and CD milk. In total, 1133 MFGM proteins and 627 whey proteins were identified from camel milk. Results revealed that 216 MFGM proteins and 109 whey proteins were significantly different between them. In addition, the cellular process, cell and binding were the predominately GO annotations of milk proteins. KEGG analysis shown that most proteins were involved in metabolic pathways. Furthermore, many proteins were found to be involved in PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which could be the possible reason for hypoglycemic effect of camel milk. These results could provide a further understanding for unique biological characteristics of camel milk proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]