79 results on '"visina biljke"'
Search Results
2. Effect of intercropping sunflower with legumes on some sunflower morphological traits.
- Author
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Babec, Brankicaa, Šeremešić, Srđanb, Hladni, Nadaa, Terzić, Sretena, Vojnov, Bojanb, Ćuk, Nemanjaa, and Sonjaa, Gvozdenac
- Subjects
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SUNFLOWERS , *FIELD crops , *INTERCROPPING , *RED clover , *VETCH , *LEGUMES , *CATCH crops , *ALFALFA - Abstract
Given that climate change is a burning issue, agriculture must turn to more sustainable and environmentally friendly systems, counting intercropping. Within a two-year study of intercropping sunflower with legumes, the influence of this system on sunflower plant height and head diameter was investigated. The aim of research was to evaluate the effects of sunflower-legume intercropping on these traits, considering the possibility of competition between crops. The field trial was set up in April 2017 and 2018 at Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia experimental field in moderate-continental climate. Year 2017 was extremely arid with the sum of precipitation different compared to 2018. Plant height and head diameter of hybrids Rimi PR, Dukat and NS Gricko, intercropped with common vetch, red clover and alfalfa were compared with control, i.e. same sunflower hybrids grown as a sole crop. It was observed that intense growth of common vetch suppressed the growth of sunflower, and led to a decrease in measured traits in all three hybrids. Results indicated that the following combinations of sunflower and legumes are most desirable: NS Gricko/RC, Dukat/ALF, Dukat/RC and Rimi PR/RC depending on the agro-ecological conditions. Given that the experiment was performed in years that varied significantly in agro-ecological conditions, the results indicated that red clover and alfalfa can mitigate the negative effects caused by lack of precipitation and high temperatures. In order to better understand all aspects of sunflower-legume intercropping, further research, which should include other morphological, qualitative and quantitative indicators, is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Analiza G×E interakcije za visinu biljke plavog patlidžana (Solanum melongena L.) po ammi modelu
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Damnjanović, Jelena, Damnjanović, Jelena, Girek, Zdenka, Ugrinović, Milan, Roljević Nikolić, Svetlana, Đorđević, Radiša, Živković, Ivana, Živanović, Tomislav, Damnjanović, Jelena, Damnjanović, Jelena, Girek, Zdenka, Ugrinović, Milan, Roljević Nikolić, Svetlana, Đorđević, Radiša, Živković, Ivana, and Živanović, Tomislav
- Abstract
U radu je analizirana stabilnost osobine visina biljke 20 divergentnih genotipova plavog patlidžana koji su deo kolekcije Instituta za povrtarstvo Smederevska Palanka. Poljski mikroogledi su izvedeni na tri lokaliteta (Smederevska Palanka, Kusadak i Vranovo). Analiza varijanse AMMI modela pokazala je da postoje značajne razlike između genotipova, lokaliteta, kao i njihovih interakcija (G×E) za visinu biljke. Od ukupne sume kvadrata, 91,6% variranja odnosio se na efekat genotipa dok se svega 4,11% variranja može pripisati efektu lokaliteta. Rezultati dobijeni u ovom istraživanju ukazuju da je 5 proučavanih genotipova pokazalo stabilnost ove osobine na različitim lokalitetima. Na osnovu ASV vrednosti za visinu biljke, zaključuje se da je najveća stabilnost utvrđena na lokalitetu Vranovo koji je po rangu na prvom mestu i sa koeficijentom AMMI stabilnosti 2,16., In the experiment the stability of the trait plant height, for 20 divergent eggplant genotypes from the GenBank of Institute for Vegetable crops Smederevska Palanka was analyzed. Field microtrials were carried out at three locations (Smederevska Palanka, Kusadak and Vranovo). The analysis of variance of the AMMI model showed significant differences between genotypes, localities and their interactions (G×E) for plant height. From the total sum of squares, 91.6% of the variation was related to the genotype effect, while only 4.11% of the variation can be attributed to the locality effect. The results obtained in this research indicate that 5 studied genotypes showed the stability of this trait in different localities. Based on the ASV value for plant height, it is concluded that the highest stability was determined at the Vranovo location with an AMMI stability coefficient of 2.16.
- Published
- 2023
4. Uticaj folijarne prihrane na visinu biljaka soje
- Author
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Đukić, Vojin, Đukić, Vojin, Miladinović, Jegor, Mamlić, Zlatica, Dozet, Gordana, Cvijanović, Gorica, Đurić, Nenad, Cvijanović, Vojin, Đukić, Vojin, Đukić, Vojin, Miladinović, Jegor, Mamlić, Zlatica, Dozet, Gordana, Cvijanović, Gorica, Đurić, Nenad, and Cvijanović, Vojin
- Abstract
Visoki prinosi i stabilna proizvodnja soje pod direktnim su uticajem količine i dostupnosti hraniva biljkama. Cilj ovih istraživanja je ispitivanje uticaja NPK đubriva sa mikroelementima i efektivnih mikroorganizama na visinu biljaka kod tri sorte soje, različite grupe zrenja. Efektivni mikroorganizmi i NPK đubrivo sa mikroelementima statistički veoma značajno povećavaju visinu biljaka soje. NPK đubrivo sa mikroelementima povećalo je visinu biljaka za 1,92%, dok je kombinacija NPK đubriva sa mikroelementima i efektivnih mikroorganizama povećala visinu biljaka soje za 6,30%, High yields and stable soybean production are under direct influence of plant nutrient quantity and availability. The aim of this research was to examine the effect of NPK fertilizer with trace elements and effective microorganisms on the plant height of three soybean varieties which belong to different maturation groups. Effective microorganisms and NPK fertilizer with trace element statistically very significantly increase plant height. NPK fertilizer with trace elements increased the plant height by 1,92%, while the combination of NPK fertilizer with trace elements and effective microorganisms increase plant height by 6,30%.
- Published
- 2022
5. Utjecaj primjene pepela na prinos biomase divljeg prosa
- Author
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Dumančić, Mijo and Leto, Josip
- Subjects
wooden ash ,divlje proso ,visina biljke ,switchgrass ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Poljoprivreda (agronomija) ,prinos ,yield ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Agronomy ,drvni pepeo ,plant height - Abstract
U ovome radu ukratko je opisana povijest i porijeklo divljeg prosa kao nativne biljke američkih ravnica i visoravni. Osim toga opisana je povijest divljeg prosa kao kultivirane biljke, te njena kratka povijest kao kulture koja se koristi u energetske svrhe. Ukratko je opisana agrotehnika potrebna za uspješan uzgoj biomase divljeg prosa, kao i zahtjevi za klimatskim prilikama. Cilj rada bio je utvrditi utjecaj primjene različitih doza pepela drvene biomase (0; 1,5; 3,0 i 4,5 t/ha) i roka košnje (jesen, proljeće) na prinos i visinu biljke divljeg prosa. Rok košnje pokazao je bitan utjecaj na prinos biomase (jesen 38,17 vs. proljeće 21,87 t ST/ha), dok primjena pepela nije imala značajan utjecaj na prinos biomase, kao ni visinu biljke (prosječno 2,61 m). In this paper, history and origins of switchgrass is briefly described as a native plant to American plains. Furthermore, history of swithgrass as a cultivated crop is also described and its short history as a crop used for energy purposes. Agricultural practises needed for successfull cultivation of switchgrass biomass is described, as well as demands for climatic conditions The goal of this study is to determine the influence of the application of different doses of wooden ash (0; 1,5; 3,0 i 4,5 t/ha) and the date of harwesting (autumn,spring) on the yield and plant height of switchgrass. The choice of mowing date showed a significant impact on the biomass yield (autumn 38,17 vs. spring 21,87 tonnes of dry matter per hectare), while the application of ash did not have a significant impact on the biomass yield, nor the height of the plant (average 2,61 m).
- Published
- 2022
6. Uticaj genotipa i vegetacione sezone na prinos i kvalitet ovsa na zemljištu tipa pseudoglej
- Author
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Vera Rajičić, Dragan Terzić, Vera Popović, Violeta Babić, Dragoslav Đokić, Nenad Đurić, Snežana Branković, and Babić, Vojka
- Subjects
hektolitarska masa ,test weight ,grain yield ,Avena sativa L ,visina biljke ,plant height ,prinos zrna - Abstract
Oat is widely grown in Western Serbia and compared to other cereal crops is reputed to be better suited for production under marginal environments, including low fertility soils and cool wet climates. To determine the effect of cultivar and growing seasons on the yield and components of the oats yield two varieties were examined during three years, in the field experiment of the secondary agricultural-chemical school “Dr Đorđe Radić” in Kraljevo. Trials were arranged according to a randomized scheme in five replications. The following oat traits were analyzed: grain yield, 1000-kernel weight, test weight and plant height. The experiment was performed on extremely acidic pseudogley soil. The obtained results show a high effect of the years on grain yield and certain parameters of its quality. On average, the highest yield of oats 2.879 t ha-1 was obtained in the variety Vranac. The results of these studies indicate a significant impact of the growing season on grain yield and quality of oats, grown on poor soils of the pseudogley type, which is often present in Western Serbia. Grain yield shows a tendency to increase in years with a higher total amount and better distribution of precipitation during the critical stages of oat plant development. U cilju utvrđivanja uticaja sorte i vegetacione sezone na prinos i komponente prinosa ovsa ispitivane su dve sorte ovsa tokom tri vegetacione sezone na oglednom polju srednje poljoprivredno-hemijske škole "dr Đorđe Radić" u Kraljevu. Ogledi su postavljeni po šemi slučajnog rasporeda u pet ponavljanja. Analizirani su: prinos zrna, masa 1000 zrna, hektolitarska masa i visina biljaka. Ogled je zasnovan na ekstremno kiselom zemljištu tipa pseudoglej. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju visok efekat vegetacione sezone na prinos zrna i određene parametre njegovog kvaliteta. U proseku, za sve sorte, tokom trogodišnjeg ogleda, najveći prinos ovsa 2 .879 t ha -1 dobijen je kod sorte Vranac. Rezultati ovih istraživanja ukazuju na značajan uticaj vegetacione sezone na prinos zrna i kvalitet ovsa gajenog na siromašnim zemljištima tipa pseudoglej koje je često zastupljeno na područiju Zapadne Srbije. Prinos zrna pokazuje tendenciju rasta u godinama sa većom ukupnom količinom i boljom raspodelom padavina tokom kritičnih faza razvoja biljaka ovsa.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Effect of intercropping sunflower with legumes on some sunflower morphological traits
- Author
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Brankica Babec, Nada Hladni, Sreten Terzić, Nemanja Ćuk, Sonja Gvozdenac, Bojan Vojnov, and Srđan Šeremešić
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,prečnik glave ,sunflower ,legumes ,lcsh:Biotechnology ,visina biljke ,Soil Science ,Plant Science ,Horticulture ,Biology ,lcsh:Plant culture ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,plant height ,Crop ,03 medical and health sciences ,lcsh:TP248.13-248.65 ,Genetics ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,Hybrid ,0303 health sciences ,suncokret ,business.industry ,Crop yield ,030305 genetics & heredity ,združeni usevi ,Intercropping ,head diameter ,biology.organism_classification ,Sunflower ,Red Clover ,Agronomy ,Agriculture ,Plant morphology ,morphological traits ,leguminoze ,business ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,intercropping ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Given that climate change is a burning issue, agriculture must turn to more sustainable and environmentally friendly systems, counting intercropping. Within a two-year study of intercropping sunflower with legumes, the influence of this system on sunflower plant height and head diameter was investigated. The aim of research was to evaluate the effects of sunflower-legume intercropping on these traits, considering the possibility of competition between crops. The field trial was set up in April 2017 and 2018 at Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia experimental field in moderate-continental climate. Year 2017 was extremely arid with the sum of precipitation different compared to 2018. Plant height and head diameter of hybrids Rimi PR, Dukat and NS Gricko, intercropped with common vetch, red clover and alfalfa were compared with control, i.e. same sunflower hybrids grown as a sole crop. It was observed that intense growth of common vetch suppressed the growth of sunflower, and led to a decrease in measured traits in all three hybrids. Results indicated that the following combinations of sunflower and legumes are most desirable: NS Gricko/RC, Dukat/ALF, Dukat/RC and Rimi PR/RC depending on the agro-ecological conditions. Given that the experiment was performed in years that varied significantly in agro-ecological conditions, the results indicated that red clover and alfalfa can mitigate the negative effects caused by lack of precipitation and high temperatures. In order to better understand all aspects of sunflower-legume intercropping, further research, which should include other morphological, qualitative and quantitative indicators, is needed. Obzirom da su klimatske promene goruće pitanje današnjice, poljoprivreda se mora okrenuti održivijim i ekološki prihvatljivijim sistemima, kao što je združenja setva. U okviru dvogodišnjeg istraživanja združivanja suncokreta sa leguminozama, ispitan je uticaj ovog sistema na visinu biljaka i prečnik glave suncokreta. Cilj istraživanja bila je procena uticaja združivanja leguminoza sa suncokretom na ove osobine, uzimajući u obzir mogućnost kompeticije između useva. Poljski ogled je postavljen u aprilu 2017. i 2018. godine na eksperimentalnom polju Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad, Srbija u umereno-kontinentalnoj klimi. Godina 2017. bila je izuzetno sušna sa količinom padavina različitim u odnosu na 2018. godinu. Visina biljaka i prečnik glave hibrida Rimi PR, Dukat i NS Gricko združenih sa grahoricom, crvenom detelinom i lucerkom uprođeni su sa kontrolom, tj. istim hibridima koji su uzgajani u čistom usevu. Primećeno je da intenzivan početni porast grahorice suzbija rast suncokreta i dovodi do smanjenja visine biljaka i prečnika glave kod sva tri hibrida. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na to da su sledeće kombinacije suncokreta i leguminoza najpoželjnije: NS Gricko/RC, Dukat/ALF, Dukat/RC and Rimi PR/RC u zavisnosti od agroekoloških uslova. Obzirom na to da je eksperiment izveden u godinama koje su se značajno razlikovale u agroekološkim uslovima, rezultati pokazuju da crvena detelina i lucerka mogu ublažiti negativne efekte izazvane nedostatkom padavina i visokim temperaturama. Kako bi se bolje razumeli svi aspekti združivanja suncokreta sa leguminozama potrebna su dalja istraživanja koja će uključiti i ostale morfološke, kvalitativne i kvantitativne pokazatelje.
- Published
- 2020
8. Variability of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) in Bosnian-Herzegovinian provenance test: correlations between growth and leaf morphological traits
- Author
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Ballian, Dalibor and Memišević Hodžić, Mirzeta
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provenances ,pedunculate oak ,plant height ,root collar diameter ,morphometric analysis ,provenijencije ,hrast lužnjak (Quercus robur L.) ,visina biljke ,promjer vrata korijena ,morfometrijska analiza - Abstract
U testu provenijencija hrasta lužnjaka (Quercus robur L.) u Bosni i Hercegovini koji je osnovan 2009. godine istraživana je varijabilnost visina biljaka i promjera vrata korijena na biljkama iz 27 provenijencija. Osim toga, analizirane su i korelacije između visina stabala i promjera vrata korijena s morfološkim svojstvima listova iz prirodnih populacija. Sjeme za osnivanje testova provenijencija, kao i listovi koji su korišteni u morfometrijskoj analizi, sakupljeni su u istim populacijama. Provedenim istraživanjima utvrđene su statistički značajne razlike za svojstvo visine i promjera vrata korijena. Varijabilnost je potvrđena i Duncan-ovim testom, i to na način da su biljke s obzirom na svojstvo visina grupirane u 11 skupina te s obzirom na svojstvo promjer vrata korijena u četiri skupine. Klasterskom analizom nije utvrđeno grupiranje populacija s obzirom na geografske i ekološke udaljenosti populacija. Korelacijskom analizom potvrđena je statistički značajna povezanost između visine biljaka i promjera vrata korijena te između morfoloških svojstava listova i visine biljaka i promjera vrata korijena. Dobiveni rezultati upućuju na to da se na temelju određenih morfoloških svojstava može provoditi selekcija provenijencija u mlađim fazama razvoja., Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L., Fagaceae) is an economically and ecologically valuable species that has almost completely disappeared from the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina due to over-exploitation, and through reintroduction and breeding activities it should be returned and protected in areas optimal for its growth. This study aimed to determine whether there is a correlation between the morphological traits of pedunculate oak leaves in populations where the seed for establishing provenance test was collected with the root collar diameter and height of plants growing in the provenance test.In the first part of this study, leaves from 27 natural populations of pedunculate oak throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina were measured (Table 1). Ten leaves per tree were measured from ten trees per population. The following traits were measured (Figure 1): K1 - leaf blade length in mm, K2 - leaf petiole length in mm, K3 - the distance of the widest part of the blade from the blade base (on the right side) in mm, K4 - width of the right half-blade at the height from K3 in mm, K5 - (maximum) width of the left half-blade in mm, K6 - incision of the leaf from the central nerve in mm, K7 - incision of the blade base. The second part of the research includes the measurement of heights and root collar diameters of pedunculate oak plants in the provenance test in Žepče in the spring of 2020. The provenance test was established in 2009 from seeds from the same populations and from the same trees from which the leaf material was collected for morphometric analysis. Data were processed in the statistical program SPSS 26.0. Descriptive analysis, analysis of variance, multiple Duncan test, and cluster analysis using the Average Linkage Method for the traits of the height and root collar diameter of plants in the provenance test were performed. A correlation analysis between the morphological traits of the leaves in the populations and the growth of provenances in the provenance test using the Pearson coefficient was also performed. Mutual correlations of leaf traits, correlations between height and root collar diameter of plants in the provenance test, and correlations between leaf traits and height and root collar diameter of plants in the provenance test were calculated.Analysis of variance for the height and root collar diameter showed statistically significant differences among the investigated provenances, which was confirmed by Duncan’s test (Table 2, 3 and 4). The highest average value of plant height for 2020 had provenance Drvar (445.8 cm), followed by Jelah and Vinac, while the lowest average value had provenance Visoko - Muhašinovići (262.3 cm) (Figure 2). Overflow of provenances was registered for the height. The highest average value of root collar diameter had provenance Živinice (Figure 3), followed by the provenances Jelah and Drvar (10.7 cm), while the lowest value had provenance Nević polje (7.4 cm). The results of the conducted descriptive statistical analysis for morphological leaf traits are shown in Table 5. There was no clear pattern in the formation of groups (Figure 4), which is a consequence of the earlier historical negative effect of man on the pedunculate oak population. A significant positive correlation between height and root collar diameter was recorded at the 0.01 level (Table 6). A positive significant correlation was also registered between the height and leaf traits, except for the petiole length which did not show a significant correlation. A positive correlation was registered between the root collar diameter and all investigated leaf traits except for the petiole length and the incision of the leaf blade base of the leaf blade.Given the obtained variability among the studied provenances, as well as significant correlations of height and root collar diameter of plants in provenance test with leaf traits, the obtained results should be used in the selection of seed trees and stands, i.e., planning measures for conservation and reintroduction of pedunculate oak in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
- Published
- 2022
9. UTICAJ REIMA NAVODNJAVANJA NA PRINOS I KOMPONENTE PRINOSA SOJE.
- Author
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Kresović, Branka J., Gajić, Boko A., Tapanarova, Angelina Đ., Pejić, Borivoj S., Dragović, Sneana D., and Dragović, Ranko M.
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. The effect of genotype and growing seasons on yield and quality of oats on pseudogley soil
- Author
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Rajičić, Vera, Rajičić, Vera, Terzić, Dragan, Popović, Vera, Babić, Violeta, Đokić, Dragoslav, Đurić, Nenad, Branković, Snežana, Rajičić, Vera, Rajičić, Vera, Terzić, Dragan, Popović, Vera, Babić, Violeta, Đokić, Dragoslav, Đurić, Nenad, and Branković, Snežana
- Abstract
Oat is widely grown in Western Serbia and compared to other cereal crops is reputed to be better suited for production under marginal environments, including low fertility soils and cool wet climates. To determine the effect of cultivar and growing seasons on the yield and components of the oats yield two varieties were examined during three years, in the field experiment of the secondary agricultural-chemical school “Dr Đorđe Radić” in Kraljevo. Trials were arranged according to a randomized scheme in five replications. The following oat traits were analyzed: grain yield, 1000-kernel weight, test weight and plant height. The experiment was performed on extremely acidic pseudogley soil. The obtained results show a high effect of the years on grain yield and certain parameters of its quality. On average, the highest yield of oats 2.879 t ha-1 was obtained in the variety Vranac. The results of these studies indicate a significant impact of the growing season on grain yield and quality of oats, grown on poor soils of the pseudogley type, which is often present in Western Serbia. Grain yield shows a tendency to increase in years with a higher total amount and better distribution of precipitation during the critical stages of oat plant development., U cilju utvrđivanja uticaja sorte i vegetacione sezone na prinos i komponente prinosa ovsa ispitivane su dve sorte ovsa tokom tri vegetacione sezone na oglednom polju srednje poljoprivredno-hemijske škole "dr Đorđe Radić" u Kraljevu. Ogledi su postavljeni po šemi slučajnog rasporeda u pet ponavljanja. Analizirani su: prinos zrna, masa 1000 zrna, hektolitarska masa i visina biljaka. Ogled je zasnovan na ekstremno kiselom zemljištu tipa pseudoglej. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju visok efekat vegetacione sezone na prinos zrna i određene parametre njegovog kvaliteta. U proseku, za sve sorte, tokom trogodišnjeg ogleda, najveći prinos ovsa 2 .879 t ha -1 dobijen je kod sorte Vranac. Rezultati ovih istraživanja ukazuju na značajan uticaj vegetacione sezone na prinos zrna i kvalitet ovsa gajenog na siromašnim zemljištima tipa pseudoglej koje je često zastupljeno na područiju Zapadne Srbije. Prinos zrna pokazuje tendenciju rasta u godinama sa većom ukupnom količinom i boljom raspodelom padavina tokom kritičnih faza razvoja biljaka ovsa.
- Published
- 2021
11. Effect of intercropping sunflower with legumes on some sunflower morphological traits
- Author
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Babec, Brankica, Babec, Brankica, Šeremešić, Srđan, Hladni, Nada, Terzić, Sreten, Vojnov, Bojan, Ćuk, Nemanja, Gvozdenac, Sonja, Babec, Brankica, Babec, Brankica, Šeremešić, Srđan, Hladni, Nada, Terzić, Sreten, Vojnov, Bojan, Ćuk, Nemanja, and Gvozdenac, Sonja
- Abstract
Given that climate change is a burning issue, agriculture must turn to more sustainable and environmentally friendly systems, counting intercropping. Within a two-year study of intercropping sunflower with legumes, the influence of this system on sunflower plant height and head diameter was investigated. The aim of research was to evaluate the effects of sunflower-legume intercropping on these traits, considering the possibility of competition between crops. The field trial was set up in April 2017 and 2018 at Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia experimental field in moderate-continental climate. Year 2017 was extremely arid with the sum of precipitation different compared to 2018. Plant height and head diameter of hybrids Rimi PR, Dukat and NS Gricko, intercropped with common vetch, red clover and alfalfa were compared with control, i.e. same sunflower hybrids grown as a sole crop. It was observed that intense growth of common vetch suppressed the growth of sunflower, and led to a decrease in measured traits in all three hybrids. Results indicated that the following combinations of sunflower and legumes are most desirable: NS Gricko/RC, Dukat/ALF, Dukat/RC and Rimi PR/RC depending on the agro-ecological conditions. Given that the experiment was performed in years that varied significantly in agro-ecological conditions, the results indicated that red clover and alfalfa can mitigate the negative effects caused by lack of precipitation and high temperatures. In order to better understand all aspects of sunflower-legume intercropping, further research, which should include other morphological, qualitative and quantitative indicators, is needed., Obzirom da su klimatske promene goruće pitanje današnjice, poljoprivreda se mora okrenuti održivijim i ekološki prihvatljivijim sistemima, kao što je združenja setva. U okviru dvogodišnjeg istraživanja združivanja suncokreta sa leguminozama, ispitan je uticaj ovog sistema na visinu biljaka i prečnik glave suncokreta. Cilj istraživanja bila je procena uticaja združivanja leguminoza sa suncokretom na ove osobine, uzimajući u obzir mogućnost kompeticije između useva. Poljski ogled je postavljen u aprilu 2017. i 2018. godine na eksperimentalnom polju Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad, Srbija u umereno-kontinentalnoj klimi. Godina 2017. bila je izuzetno sušna sa količinom padavina različitim u odnosu na 2018. godinu. Visina biljaka i prečnik glave hibrida Rimi PR, Dukat i NS Gricko združenih sa grahoricom, crvenom detelinom i lucerkom uprođeni su sa kontrolom, tj. istim hibridima koji su uzgajani u čistom usevu. Primećeno je da intenzivan početni porast grahorice suzbija rast suncokreta i dovodi do smanjenja visine biljaka i prečnika glave kod sva tri hibrida. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na to da su sledeće kombinacije suncokreta i leguminoza najpoželjnije: NS Gricko/RC, Dukat/ALF, Dukat/RC and Rimi PR/RC u zavisnosti od agroekoloških uslova. Obzirom na to da je eksperiment izveden u godinama koje su se značajno razlikovale u agroekološkim uslovima, rezultati pokazuju da crvena detelina i lucerka mogu ublažiti negativne efekte izazvane nedostatkom padavina i visokim temperaturama. Kako bi se bolje razumeli svi aspekti združivanja suncokreta sa leguminozama potrebna su dalja istraživanja koja će uključiti i ostale morfološke, kvalitativne i kvantitativne pokazatelje.
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- 2020
12. GENETIC GAINS IN THREE BREEDING ERAS OF MAIZE HYBRIDS UNDER LOW AND OPTIMUM NITROGEN FERTILIZATION.
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Bello, Omolaran B., Olawuyi, Odunayo J., Lawal, Mohammed, Ige, Sunday A., Mahamood, Jimoh, Afolabi, Micheal S., Azeez, Musibau A., and Abdulmaliq, Suleiman Y.
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CORN ,PLANT breeding ,PLANT genetics ,NITROGEN content of plants ,PLANT fertilization ,CROP yields - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
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- View/download PDF
13. Heritability of Plant Height and Head Diameter in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.).
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Jocković, Milan, Jocić, Siniša, Marinković, Radovan, Prodanović, Slaven, Canak, Petar, Ciric, Mihajlo, and Mitrovic, Petar
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- *
PLANT anatomy , *SUNFLOWER genetics , *HERITABILITY , *SELECTION (Plant breeding) , *GENE expression in plants , *PHENOTYPES , *PLANT population genetics - Abstract
Purpose of this study was to estimate heritability, in broad and narrow sense, for sunflower plant height and head diameter in order to evaluate success of selection of these traits. Fifteen sunflower populations were evaluated. Heritability values, in broad and narrow sense, were estimated in order to find out the proportion of genetic and additive factors in phenotypic expression of these traits. Study showed that the broad sense heritability for plant height ranged from 6.73% to 72.53%, while in the narrow sense it ranged from 4.76% to 95.44%. The broad and narrow sense heritability, for head diameter, varied from 0.15% to 52.58% and from 26.27% to 94.61%. Differences in heritability estimates are attributable to different genetic background of studied populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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14. Evaluation of Combining Abilities of New Sunflower Inbred Lines.
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Ćirić, Mihajlo, Jocić, Siniša, Cvejić, Sandra, Čanak, Petar, Jocković, Milan, Marinković, Radovan, and Mirosavljević, Milan
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- *
SUNFLOWERS , *CROP yields , *ANGIOSPERMS , *SUNFLOWER genetics , *GENE expression in plants , *PLANT breeding , *PHYSIOLOGY - Abstract
Days to flowering, plant height and head diameter are significant parameters which are directly or indirectly correlated with yield, main trait of sunflower. Eight CMS lines, three testers and their twenty four hybrids were examined by line x tester method. Significant differences were found between lines, testers and hybrids. Results showed that lines PD-3 and PD-25 had good combining abilities for the trait of days to flowering (58 days and 65 days, respectively). In the expression of plant height best combiners were PD-2 (107.5 cm) and PD-3 (108.7 cm). For head diameter lines PD-52 (24.5 cm) and MA-57 (23.2 cm) were marked as good combiners. Variance of SCA was greater than variance of GCA for all the traits. CMS lines had the greatest part in the expression of the analyzed traits. Non-additive type of gene effect was reported for all examined traits, which implies that they could be improved through heterosis breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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15. Association between Seed Yield and Some Morphological Characteristics in Sunflower.
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Jocković, Milan, Marinković, Radovan, Marjanović-Jeromela, Ana, Radić, Velimir, Čanak, Petar, and Hladni, Nada
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SUNFLOWERS , *PLANT reproduction , *CLUSTER analysis (Statistics) , *SEED yield , *SUNFLOWER seeds , *PLANT morphology , *PLANT breeders , *SUNFLOWER genetics , *PLANT diversity - Abstract
Objective of this study was to determine the divergence and association between seed yield and three morphological characteristics that are very important in sunflower breeding (plant height, head diameter and days to flowering) in order to identify the most valuable trait for seed yield improvement. Forty new hybrid combinations were evaluated. Cluster analysis was used to determine genetic diversity in new hybrid combinations by classifying genotypes based on average values of the studied characteristics. Genotypes were classified into three homogenous groups and six individuals. Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to examine association between the studied characteristics, among which days to flowering showed negative correlation while plant height and head diameter showed positive correlation with seed yield, on both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Our study showed that there is genetic variability among new hybrids and bearing in mind that hybrids should be grown in different agro-ecological environments, our attention should be focused on developing inbred lines with lower stem resistant to lodging, larger head diameter and earlier flowering. HR Cilj ovog rada je bio da se utvrdi divergentnost i povezanost između prinosa semena i tri morfološka svojstva koja su veoma važna u oplemenjivanju suncokreta (visina biljke, prečnik glave i broj dana do cvetanja) kako bi se identifikovalo najznačajnije svojstvo. Četrdeset novih hibridnih kombinacija je ocenjeno u ovom istraživanju. Klaster analiza je korištena za određivanje genotipske divergentnosti u novim hibridnim kombinacijama klasifikacijom genotipova na osnovu srednjih vrednosti ispitivanih svojstava. Genotipovi su klasifikovani u tri homogene grupe i šest pojedinačnih. Za istraživanje povezanosti ispitivanih svojstava korišteni su Pirsonovi koeficijenti korelacije. Između ispitivanih svojstava, dani do cvetanja su pokazali negativnu korelaciju, dok su visina biljke i prečnik glave pokazali pozitivnu korelaciju sa prinosom semena, na genotipskom i fenotipskom nivou. Naša studija je pokazala da između novih hibrida postoji genetička varijabilnost a imajući u vidu da hibridi treba da se gaje u različitim agro-ekološkim uslovima naša pažnja treba da se usmeri na stvaranje inbred linija niže stabljike otporne na poleganje, većeg prečnika glave i ranijeg cvetanja. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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16. Preliminary characterization of Camelina sativa L. for the future breeding in Serbia
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Velimir Mladenov, Ana Marjanovic-Jaromela, Dragana Miladinović, Johann Vollmann, Siniša Jocić, Sandra Cvejić, and Borislav Banjac
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2. Zero hunger ,0106 biological sciences ,varijabilnost ,klaster analiza ,010405 organic chemistry ,variability ,lcsh:Biotechnology ,Camelina sativa ,visina biljke ,food and beverages ,15. Life on land ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:S1-972 ,0104 chemical sciences ,plant height ,Agronomy ,lcsh:TP248.13-248.65 ,Botany ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,010606 plant biology & botany ,cluster analysis - Abstract
Lanik (Camelina sativa L.) is a relict agricultural oilseed crops from Brassicaceae family. It has several agronomic advantages relative to the other crops, including short vegetation (85- 100 days), low requirements for water and nutrients, great adaptability to different environmental conditions and resistance to insect attack and disease-causing agents. The aim of this work was to do preliminary characterization of Camelina sativa through plant height. The obtained information of germplasm genetic variability will be helpful in making decisions in future crosses. Field exam were performed using 54 hexaploid genotype of Camelina sativa, and 2 of them are result of genotype Serbian Selection (NS Slatka and NS Zlatka). The experimental plot was alpha lattice in four (4) replications in Novi Sad. Phenotyping of Camelina sativa for plant height was consisted of two statistical analysis. The first is descriptive statistics of plant height, and the second analysis was a cluster analysis (Cluster Analysis). Analyzing parameters through basic statistics for individual clusters it is evident that there is a statistically significant difference between the clusters. ANOVA was applied only to confirm the accuracy of the group. A statistically significant difference was found between but not within clusters. Genotypes of cluster 5, with small average plant height, are selected as genotypes of particular importance. Lanik (Camelina sativa L.) je uljana biljna vrsta iz porodice kupusnjača (Brassicaceae), koja poslednjih godina postaje posebno interesantna zbog svoje raznovrsne upotrebe i skromnih agroekoloških zahteva gajenja. Sadržaj ulja u semenu lanika je od 30% do 50%. Ulje lanika ima jedinstven sastav masnih kiselina sa 30-40% alfa-linoleinske kiseline (omega-3 masne kiseline), oko 15% eikozenoične kiseline i sa oko 3% eruka kiseline. Kvalitet ulja lanika omogućava njegovo korišćenje u proizvodnji biogoriva, biomaziva, u farmaceutskoj i kozmetičkoj industriji i ulja pogodnog za ljudsku ishranu. Poseduje nekoliko agronomskih prednosti u odnosu na druge kulture, uključujući kratku vegetaciju (85-100 dana), niske potrebe za vodom i nutritijentima, veliku prilagodljivost različitim agroekološkim uslovima i tolerantnost na napade insekata i prouzrokovače ekonomski važnih bolesti. Istraživanja u oplemenjivanju i tehnologiji gajenja lanika intenzivirana su poslednjih godina u zemljama Europske unije, Kanadi i SAD. Cilj ovog rada je bio uraditi fenotipizaciju lanika kroz visinu stabljike (biljke) kako be se dobila jasnija slika o genetičkoj varijabilnosti korišćene germplazme kao potencijalnog izvora poželjnih gena u budućim programima oplemenjivanja. U radu je korišćeno 54 genotipa heksaploidnog lanika, od čega su 2 genotipa rezultat srpske selekcije (NS Zlatka i NS Slatka). Ogled je postavljen po alfa latis sistemu (alpha lattice) u tri (3) ponavljanja, na lokalitetu Rimski šančevi (45.323 s.g.š. i 19.848 i.g.d.). U rezultatima su prikazani osnovni parametri lanika za visinu stabljike dok je grupisanje ispitivanih genotipova po ovoj osobini prikazano dendrogramom klaster analize (Sluster Analysis). Prosečna visine stabljike za ceo ogled iznosila je 67,95 cm. Najniži je bio genotip G8 (51,53 cm), a najviši genotip G51 (78,63 cm). Minimalna prosečna visina biljke je iznosila 30,0 cm, dok je maksimalna 81,1 cm. Na osnovu klaster analize genotipovi su se grupisali u pet različitih klastera. Klaster pod rednim brojem 4 izdvaja genotipove niskog rasta (58,74 cm), dok klaster pod rednim brojem 5 grupiše visoke genotipove (73,83 cm). Visina stabljike lanika utiče na mnoge osobine, a prvenstveno na samu arhitekturu biljke i prinos semena i ulja. Zato je veoma važno postojanje genetičke varijabilnosti visine stabljike, kao i poznavanje datog svojstva germplazme koja se koristi ili se uvodi u programe oplemenjivanja ove, relativno nove uljane biljke.
- Published
- 2017
17. Efekat roka setve na prinos i neke osobine običnog prosa (Panicum miliaceum L.)
- Author
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Đurić, Nenad, Đurić, Nenad, Horvat, Žolt, Cvijanović, Gorica, Glamočlija, Đorđe, Dozet, Gordana, Cvijanović, Vojin, Đurić, Nenad, Đurić, Nenad, Horvat, Žolt, Cvijanović, Gorica, Glamočlija, Đorđe, Dozet, Gordana, and Cvijanović, Vojin
- Abstract
Na lokalitetu Bačke Topole, u 2013. i 2014. godine izveden je poljski ogled po slučajnom blok sistemu u četiri ponavljanja, sa rokovima setve običnog prosa (Panicum miliaceum L.) sorte NS Biserka. Primenjeni rokovi setve obuhvatili su vremenski period od dva meseca, od redovane setve (24. maja), preko zakasnele (6. juna), prave postrne (22. juna) do zakasnele postrne setve (8. jula). Prosečna visina biljke se linearno smanjivala sa kašnjenjem setve, kao i prinos prosa. U masi 1.000 zrna (krupnoći zrna) nije bilo statistički značajne razlike između rokova setve, ali je i tu najveća masa 1000 zrna bila u prvom roku setve i smanjivala se do zakasnele postrne setve. Između redovne i zakasnele setve postoje značajnije razlike u prinosu zrna. To se isto može reči i za razliku u prinosu između postrne i zakasnele postrne setve. Smanjenje prinosa zrna u postrnoj, u odnosu na redovnu setvu u ovom ogledu je oko 50%., A field experiment according to the random block system with four repetitions, with sowing times was performed in 2013 and 2014 at the site in Bačka Topola, for NS Biserka variety of common millet (Panicum miliaceum L.). Applied sowing times covered a time period of two months, from regular sowing (24 May), to late sowing (6 June), real postharvest sowing (22 June), to late post-harvest sowing (8 July). Average plant height, as well as millet yield linearly decreased with later sowing. 1,000 grain weight (grain size) showed no statistically significant difference between sowing dates, however, the highest 1000 grain weight was registered for the first sowing date, and decreased to the late post-harvest sowing. There were significant differences for grain yield between regular and late sowing. The same can be said for the difference of yield between post-harvest and late post-harvest sowing. In this experiment, grain yield decrease in post-harvest in relation to regular sowing was approximately 50%.
- Published
- 2018
18. Effect of harvesting regime and nitrogen fertilization on the field pea (Pisum sativum ssp. arvense l.) agronomic traits
- Author
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Goran Krizmanić, Marijana Tucak, Svetislav Popović, and Tihomir Čupić
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_element ,lcsh:Plant culture ,field pea ,harvesting time ,fertilization ,plant height ,dry matter ,green mass yield ,Pisum ,Field pea ,Sativum ,Human fertilization ,Fodder ,stočni grašak ,rok košnje ,gnojidba ,visina biljke ,suha tvar ,prinos zelene mase ,Yield (wine) ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,Dry matter ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,biology ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Nitrogen ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
Ozimi stočni grašak (Pisum sativum spp. arvense L.) postaje sve zastupljenija krupnozrna mahunarka u proizvodnji voluminozne krme zahvaljujući visokome prinosu zelene mase, nutritivnoj vrijednosti te značajnoj količini dušika koju ostavlja u tlu. Cilj rada bio je utvrditi učinak gnojidbe dušikom, kao i utjecaj roka košnje na tri značajnija svojstva (visina biljke, udio suhe tvari i prinos zelene mase) ozimoga graška. Istraživanje je provedeno u razdoblju od tri godine na pokusnome polju Poljoprivrednog instituta Osijek. Pokus je bio postavljen po split blok rasporedu u tri repeticije, gdje je vrijeme košnje bilo glavni faktor, a gnojidba podfaktor. Istraživana su dva roka košnje (početak cvatnje-RK i kasna cvatnja-KK) i sedam razina gnojidbe dušikom (od 0 do 180 kg N ha-1). Statistički opravdane razlike na razini značajnosti P, Field pea (Pisum sativum spp. arvense L.) is becoming increasingly common legumes in fodder production due to the high green mass yield, nutritional value and significant content of nitrogen leaving in the soil. The aim of this study was to determine the purpose and effect of nitrogen fertilization as well as the impact of harvesting regime on three field pea important traits (plant height, dry matter green mass yield). The research was conducted during a period of three years on experimental field at the Agricultural Institute Osijek. The experiment was set up in a split block design with three replications where the harvesting deadline (start of blooming and full bloom) was the main factor and seven levels of nitrogen fertilization (0 to 180 kg N ha-1) the subfactor. Significant differences at a significance level P
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Analysis of Plant Height and Panicle Length Ratio in Ns Grain Sorghum Pollinator Line Collection
- Author
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Dolapcev, Anja, Dolapcev, Anja, Prodanović, Slaven, Sikora, Vladimir, Živanović, Tomislav, Vasiljević, Sanja, Karagić, Djura, Katanski, Snežana, Dolapcev, Anja, Dolapcev, Anja, Prodanović, Slaven, Sikora, Vladimir, Živanović, Tomislav, Vasiljević, Sanja, Karagić, Djura, and Katanski, Snežana
- Abstract
Development of experimental hybrids of grain sorghum requires the selection of „per se“ superior parental components of certain agronomic traits. The aim of the research was to determine whether the ratio between plant height (M1) and panicle length (M2) is stable in different R lines of grain sorghum within the collection of NS cultivars, and if the highest values are typical for shorter or taller genotypes. Lower M2/M1 ratio was confirmed in taller genotypes, while plant height and panicle length variation was 14.9%. The tested population established a solid foundation for obtaining new, interesting genetic recombinations for plant architecture change., Pri stvaranju eksperimentalnih hibrida sirka za zrno odgovarajućih performansi bitan je izbor roditeljskih komponenti koje su za odabrane agronomske osobine superiorne „per se“. Cilj rada je da se odredi da li je odnos visine biljke (M1) i dužine metlice (M2) stabilan kod različitih R linija sirka za zrno u NS-kolekciji i da li su najviše vrednosti ovog odnosa karakteristične za niže ili za više genotipove. Utvrđeno je da viši genotipovi imaju manje vrednosti odnosa M2/M1, kao i da odnos vrednosti visine biljke i dužine metlice varira 14,9%. Ispitivana populacija predstavlja dobar osnov za dobijanje novih interesantnih genskih rekombinacija za promene arhitekture biljke.
- Published
- 2017
20. Preliminary characterization of Camelina sativa L. for the future breeding in Serbia
- Author
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Mladenov, Velimir, Mladenov, Velimir, Marjanović-Jeromela, Ana, Cvejić, Sandra, Banjac, Borislav, Vollmann, Johann, Jocić, Siniša, Miladinović, Dragana, Mladenov, Velimir, Mladenov, Velimir, Marjanović-Jeromela, Ana, Cvejić, Sandra, Banjac, Borislav, Vollmann, Johann, Jocić, Siniša, and Miladinović, Dragana
- Abstract
Lanik (Camelina sativa L.) is a relict agricultural oilseed crops from Brassicaceae family. It has several agronomic advantages relative to the other crops, including short vegetation (85- 100 days), low requirements for water and nutrients, great adaptability to different environmental conditions and resistance to insect attack and disease-causing agents. The aim of this work was to do preliminary characterization of Camelina sativa through plant height. The obtained information of germplasm genetic variability will be helpful in making decisions in future crosses. Field exam were performed using 54 hexaploid genotype of Camelina sativa, and 2 of them are result of genotype Serbian Selection (NS Slatka and NS Zlatka). The experimental plot was alpha lattice in four (4) replications in Novi Sad. Phenotyping of Camelina sativa for plant height was consisted of two statistical analysis. The first is descriptive statistics of plant height, and the second analysis was a cluster analysis (Cluster Analysis). Analyzing parameters through basic statistics for individual clusters it is evident that there is a statistically significant difference between the clusters. ANOVA was applied only to confirm the accuracy of the group. A statistically significant difference was found between but not within clusters. Genotypes of cluster 5, with small average plant height, are selected as genotypes of particular importance., Lanik (Camelina sativa L.) je uljana biljna vrsta iz porodice kupusnjača (Brassicaceae), koja poslednjih godina postaje posebno interesantna zbog svoje raznovrsne upotrebe i skromnih agroekoloških zahteva gajenja. Sadržaj ulja u semenu lanika je od 30% do 50%. Ulje lanika ima jedinstven sastav masnih kiselina sa 30-40% alfa-linoleinske kiseline (omega-3 masne kiseline), oko 15% eikozenoične kiseline i sa oko 3% eruka kiseline. Kvalitet ulja lanika omogućava njegovo korišćenje u proizvodnji biogoriva, biomaziva, u farmaceutskoj i kozmetičkoj industriji i ulja pogodnog za ljudsku ishranu. Poseduje nekoliko agronomskih prednosti u odnosu na druge kulture, uključujući kratku vegetaciju (85-100 dana), niske potrebe za vodom i nutritijentima, veliku prilagodljivost različitim agroekološkim uslovima i tolerantnost na napade insekata i prouzrokovače ekonomski važnih bolesti. Istraživanja u oplemenjivanju i tehnologiji gajenja lanika intenzivirana su poslednjih godina u zemljama Europske unije, Kanadi i SAD. Cilj ovog rada je bio uraditi fenotipizaciju lanika kroz visinu stabljike (biljke) kako be se dobila jasnija slika o genetičkoj varijabilnosti korišćene germplazme kao potencijalnog izvora poželjnih gena u budućim programima oplemenjivanja. U radu je korišćeno 54 genotipa heksaploidnog lanika, od čega su 2 genotipa rezultat srpske selekcije (NS Zlatka i NS Slatka). Ogled je postavljen po alfa latis sistemu (alpha lattice) u tri (3) ponavljanja, na lokalitetu Rimski šančevi (45.323 s.g.š. i 19.848 i.g.d.). U rezultatima su prikazani osnovni parametri lanika za visinu stabljike dok je grupisanje ispitivanih genotipova po ovoj osobini prikazano dendrogramom klaster analize (Sluster Analysis). Prosečna visine stabljike za ceo ogled iznosila je 67,95 cm. Najniži je bio genotip G8 (51,53 cm), a najviši genotip G51 (78,63 cm). Minimalna prosečna visina biljke je iznosila 30,0 cm, dok je maksimalna 81,1 cm. Na osnovu klaster analize genotipovi su se grupisali u pet različitih kl
- Published
- 2017
21. Ocena kombinacionih sposobnosti novih inbred linija suncokreta
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Milan Jocković, Radovan Marinković, Mihajlo Ćirić, Siniša Jocić, Petar Čanak, Milan Mirosavljević, and Sandra Cvejić
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,prečnik glave ,sunflower ,inbred linije ,Heterosis ,lcsh:Biotechnology ,visina biljke ,Soil Science ,Plant Science ,Horticulture ,Biology ,days to flowering ,lcsh:Plant culture ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,plant height ,dani do cvetanja ,Inbred strain ,lcsh:TP248.13-248.65 ,Botany ,Genetic variation ,kombinaciona sposobnost ,Genetics ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,Gene effect ,prinos useva ,combining ability ,Hybrid ,2. Zero hunger ,hybrids ,suncokret ,CMS ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,head diameter ,crop yield ,Sunflower ,hibridi ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,Trait ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,inbreds ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Days to flowering, plant height and head diameter are significant parameters which are directly or indirectly correlated with yield, main trait of sunflower. Eight CMS lines, three testers and their twenty four hybrids were examined by line x tester method. Significant differences were found between lines, testers and hybrids. Results showed that lines PD-3 and PD-25 had good combining abilities for the trait of days to flowering (58 days and 65 days, respectively). In the expression of plant height best combiners were PD-2 (107.5 cm) and PD-3 (108.7 cm). For head diameter lines PD-52 (24.5 cm) and MA-57 (23.2 cm) were marked as good combiners. Variance of SCA was greater than variance of GCA for all the traits. CMS lines had the greatest part in the expression of the analyzed traits. Non-additive type of gene effect was reported for all examined traits, which implies that they could be improved through heterosis breeding. Broj dana do cvetanja biljke, visina biljke i prečnik glave su značajni parametri koji su direktno ili indirektno povezani sa prinosom, glavnim svojstvom suncokreta. Osam CMS linija, tri testera i njihovih dvadeset četiri hibrida ispitivano je metodom linija x tester. Značajne razlike su nađene između linija, testera i F1 hibrida. Rezultati su pokazali da dobre kombinacione sposobnosti za svojstvo broj dana do cvetanja poseduju linije PD-3 (58 dana) i PD-25 (65 dana). U ispoljavanju visine biljke kao najbolji kombinatori su se pokazale linije PD-2 (107,5 cm) i PD-3 (108,7 cm). Za prečnik glave linije PD-52 (24,5 cm) i MA-57 (23,2 cm) su označene kao dobri kombinatori. Najveći značaj u ispoljavanju navedenih svojstava imale su CMS linije. Varijansa uzrokovana PKS je bila veća od varijanse uzrokovane OKS za sva svojstva. Neaditivan efekat gena je zapažen u ispoljavanju svih ispitivanih osobina, što pokazuje da one mogu biti poboljšane metodom oplemenjivanja na heterozis.
- Published
- 2013
22. Dinamika rasta i prinos ekotipova češnjaka Zadarske županije
- Author
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Fabek, Sanja, Toth, Nina, Guzić, Lucija, Benko, Božidar, Radman, Sanja, Berljak, Jasna, and Pospišil, Milan
- Subjects
češnjevi ,lučice ,visina biljke ,broj listova ,masa lukovice - Abstract
Cilj rada je bio utvrditi dinamiku rasta i prinos ekotipova češnjaka Zadarske županije uzgajanih iz češnjeva te lučica dobivenih sadnjom in vitro proizvedenih presadnica. Poljski pokusi postavljeni su u jesen 2014. godine na 2 lokacije: u Zadarskoj županiji (Benkovac) i Gradu Zagrebu (Maksimir). Tijekom vegetacije, praćena je dinamika rasta ekotipova, a u berbi su utvrđeni masa lukovice i prinos. Na obje lokacije ekotip E4 je imao najveći broj listova, visinu biljaka i masu lukovice te prinos veći od 6 t/ha. Kod uzgoja iz lučica na obje lokacije većom masom lukovica i prinosom se izdvajao ekotip E1 (30, 6 g i 5, 8 t/ha u Zagrebu, odnosno, 28, 9 g i 5, 5 t/ha u Benkovcu).
- Published
- 2016
23. Uticaj režima navodnjavanja na prinos i komponente prinosa soje
- Author
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Borivoj Pejić, Boško Gajić, Snežana Dragović, Branka Kresović, Angelina Tapanarova, and Ranko Dragović
- Subjects
Irrigation ,000 seeds ,Vegetative reproduction ,masa 1.000 zrna ,Soil Science ,Growing season ,visina biljke ,Plant Science ,plant height ,Field capacity ,lcsh:Agriculture ,water stress ,Yield (wine) ,vodni stres ,Chernozem ,Mathematics ,number of pods per plant ,2. Zero hunger ,mass of 1 ,lcsh:S ,15. Life on land ,broj zrna po biljci ,number of seeds per plant ,6. Clean water ,1000-seed weight (TSW) ,Point of delivery ,broj mahuna po biljci ,Agronomy ,navodnjavanje orošavanjem ,number of pods perplant ,mass of 1,000 seeds ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Hectoliter ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,sprinkler irrigation - Abstract
This study examines the effects of different irrigation regimes on seed yield and yield components of sprinkler-irrigated soya bean [(Glycine max (L.) Merr.] under field conditions in 2006, 2007 and 2008 in Zemun Polje (Srem, Srbija). Four irrigation regimes: 80-85% (T1), 70-75% (T2), 60-65% (T3) of field capacity, and non-irrigated regime (T0) were evaluated each experimental year. The experimental design was a randomised complete block with four replications on a Calcaric Chernozem. Water stress (drought) during growing season in the non-irrigated treatment (T0) decreased plant physiological activity, vegetative growth, and productivity of soya bean. Irrigation treatments significantly (P lt 0.01) influenced soya bean seed yield and yield components. The treatment T2 produced higher seed yield than T1 and T3. Irrigation regimes had statistically significant different effects on yield components such as the plant height at harvest, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, mass of pod with seeds per plant, 1,000 seed mass and hectoliter mass of soya bean seeds. Yield reduction was mainly due to a lower number of pods and seeds per plant and lower seed mass. The T1 treatment had the highest plant height of soya bean in all three growing years. The results have shown that under water scarcity, the treatment T3 is an acceptable irrigation strategy to stabilize and increase soya bean yield in Srem and neighboring countries in the region, provided that this practice is not prevented by economic constraints. U ovom radu ispituje se uticaj različitih režima navodnjavanja orošavanjem na prinos i komponente prinosa semena soje [(Glycine max (L.) Merr.] u poljskim uslovima u 2006, 2007. i 2008. godini u Zemun Polju (Srem, Srbija). Svake godine istraživana su po tri režima navodnjavanja, i to sa 80-85% (T1), 70-75% (T2), 60-65% (T3) poljskog vodnog kapaciteta i prirodni vodni režim bez navodnjavnja (T0). Ogled je izveden po metodi slučajnog blok sistema u četiri ponavljanja na karbonatnom černozemu. Deficit vode u toku vegetacionog perioda u nenavodnjavanom tretmanu (T0) smanjio je fiziološku aktivnost biljaka, vegetativni rast i produktivnost soje. Navodnjavani tretmani su vrlo značajno (P lt 0,01) uticali na prinos zrna soje i komponente prinosa. Na tretmanu T2 postignut je veći prinos semena nego na tretmanima T1 i T3. Iako je tretman T2 dobio oko 37% manje vode za navodnjavanje u poređenju sa T1, prinos soje povećan je u proseku za 11%. Navodnjavani režimi imali su statistički značajno različite uticaje na komponente prinosa kao što su visina biljaka u vreme žetve, broj mahuna i zrna po biljci, masa mahuna po biljci, masa zrna po biljci, masa 1.000 zrna i zapreminska masa zrna. Smanjenje prinosa je uglavnom posledica manjeg broja mahuna i zrna po biljci i manje mase 1.000 zrna. Tretman T1 imao je najveću visinu biljaka u sve tri godine ispitivanja. Rezultati su pokazali da je tretman T3 prihvatljiva strategija navodnjavanja za stabilizaciju i povećanje prinosa soje u Sremu i susednim zemljama regiona u uslovima ograničenih vodnih resursa, pod uslovom da ova praksa nije sprečena ekonomskim ograničenjima.
- Published
- 2016
24. Uzgoj Miscanthus x giganteus Greef et Deu. u različitim agroekološkim uvjetima Hrvatske- četverogodišnje iskustvo
- Author
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Leto, Josip, Bilandžija, Nikola, Bošnjak, Krešimir, Vranić, Marina, Stuburić, Iva, Pospišil, Milan, and Vnučec, Ivan
- Subjects
Miscanthus x giganteus ,prinos ,visina biljke ,broj izboja - Abstract
Miscanthus×giganteus je višegodišnja C4 trava s visokim potencijalom za proizvodnju biomase uz male zahtjeve za dušikom. Cilj istraživanja je bio utvrditi prinos ST biomase, visinu biljaka i broj izboja m-2 vrste Miscanthus x giganteus na tri lokacije na kraju vegetacijske sezone kroz prve 4 godine uzgoja. Prinosi suhe tvari, visine biljke i broj izboja rasli su iz godine u godinu, unatoč različitom intenzitetu nedostatka oborina u prve 3 godine uzgoja i potpunom izostanku N gnojidbe. Najveći prosječni prinosi ST u 4-godišnjem razdoblju utvrđeni su na Medvednici i D. Bistri (21, 4 t ha-1), a najmanji u L. P. Selu (15, 98 t ha-1) (P
- Published
- 2016
25. Povezanost između prinosa semena i nekih morfoloških svojstava suncokreta
- Author
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Ana Marjanović-Jeromela, Velimir Radić, Nada Hladni, Petar Čanak, Milan Jocković, and Radovan Marinković
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,prečnik glave ,sunflower ,klaster analiza ,lcsh:Biotechnology ,visina biljke ,Soil Science ,prinos semena ,Plant Science ,days to flowering ,lcsh:Plant culture ,Horticulture ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,koeficijenti korelacije ,plant height ,seed yield ,Inbred strain ,correlation coefficients ,lcsh:TP248.13-248.65 ,Genetics ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,Genetic variability ,morfološka svojstva ,Hybrid ,dana do cvetanja ,2. Zero hunger ,Genetic diversity ,suncokret ,Crop yield ,food and beverages ,head diameter ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Sunflower ,morphological characteristics ,Agronomy ,Plant morphology ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,Trait ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,cluster analysis ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Objective of this study was to determine the divergence and association between seed yield and three morphological characteristics that are very important in sunflower breeding (plant height, head diameter and days to flowering) in order to identify the most valuable trait for seed yield improvement. Forty new hybrid combinations were evaluated. Cluster analysis was used to determine genetic diversity in new hybrid combinations by classifying genotypes based on average values of the studied characteristics. Genotypes were classified into three homogenous groups and six individuals. Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to examine association between the studied characteristics, among which days to flowering showed negative correlation while plant height and head diameter showed positive correlation with seed yield, on both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Our study showed that there is genetic variability among new hybrids and bearing in mind that hybrids should be grown in different agro-ecological environments, our attention should be focused on developing inbred lines with lower stem resistant to lodging, larger head diameter and earlier flowering. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se utvrdi divergentnost i povezanost između prinosa semena i tri morfološka svojstva koja su veoma važna u oplemenjivanju suncokreta (visina biljke, prečnik glave i broj dana do cvetanja) kako bi se identifikovalo najznačajnije svojstvo. Četrdeset novih hibridnih kombinacija je ocenjeno u ovom istraživanju. Klaster analiza je korištena za određivanje genotipske divergentnosti u novim hibridnim kombinacijama klasifikacijom genotipova na osnovu srednjih vrednosti ispitivanih svojstava. Genotipovi su klasifikovani u tri homogene grupe i šest pojedinačnih. Za istraživanje povezanosti ispitivanih svojstava korišteni su Pirsonovi koeficijenti korelacije. Između ispitivanih svojstava, dani do cvetanja su pokazali negativnu korelaciju, dok su visina biljke i prečnik glave pokazali pozitivnu korelaciju sa prinosom semena, na genotipskom i fenotipskom nivou. Naša studija je pokazala da između novih hibrida postoji genetička varijabilnost a imajući u vidu da hibridi treba da se gaje u različitim agro-ekološkim uslovima naša pažnja treba da se usmeri na stvaranje inbred linija niže stabljike otporne na poleganje, većeg prečnika glave i ranijeg cvetanja.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Effect of irrigation regime on yield and yield components of soya bean
- Author
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Kresović, Branka, Kresović, Branka, Gajić, Boško, Tapanarova, Angelina, Pejić, Borivoj, Dragović, Snežana, Dragović, Ranko M., Kresović, Branka, Kresović, Branka, Gajić, Boško, Tapanarova, Angelina, Pejić, Borivoj, Dragović, Snežana, and Dragović, Ranko M.
- Abstract
This study examines the effects of different irrigation regimes on seed yield and yield components of sprinkler-irrigated soya bean [(Glycine max (L.) Merr.] under field conditions in 2006, 2007 and 2008 in Zemun Polje (Srem, Srbija). Four irrigation regimes: 80-85% (T1), 70-75% (T2), 60-65% (T3) of field capacity, and non-irrigated regime (T0) were evaluated each experimental year. The experimental design was a randomised complete block with four replications on a Calcaric Chernozem. Water stress (drought) during growing season in the non-irrigated treatment (T0) decreased plant physiological activity, vegetative growth, and productivity of soya bean. Irrigation treatments significantly (P lt 0.01) influenced soya bean seed yield and yield components. The treatment T2 produced higher seed yield than T1 and T3. Irrigation regimes had statistically significant different effects on yield components such as the plant height at harvest, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, mass of pod with seeds per plant, 1,000 seed mass and hectoliter mass of soya bean seeds. Yield reduction was mainly due to a lower number of pods and seeds per plant and lower seed mass. The T1 treatment had the highest plant height of soya bean in all three growing years. The results have shown that under water scarcity, the treatment T3 is an acceptable irrigation strategy to stabilize and increase soya bean yield in Srem and neighboring countries in the region, provided that this practice is not prevented by economic constraints., U ovom radu ispituje se uticaj različitih režima navodnjavanja orošavanjem na prinos i komponente prinosa semena soje [(Glycine max (L.) Merr.] u poljskim uslovima u 2006, 2007. i 2008. godini u Zemun Polju (Srem, Srbija). Svake godine istraživana su po tri režima navodnjavanja, i to sa 80-85% (T1), 70-75% (T2), 60-65% (T3) poljskog vodnog kapaciteta i prirodni vodni režim bez navodnjavnja (T0). Ogled je izveden po metodi slučajnog blok sistema u četiri ponavljanja na karbonatnom černozemu. Deficit vode u toku vegetacionog perioda u nenavodnjavanom tretmanu (T0) smanjio je fiziološku aktivnost biljaka, vegetativni rast i produktivnost soje. Navodnjavani tretmani su vrlo značajno (P lt 0,01) uticali na prinos zrna soje i komponente prinosa. Na tretmanu T2 postignut je veći prinos semena nego na tretmanima T1 i T3. Iako je tretman T2 dobio oko 37% manje vode za navodnjavanje u poređenju sa T1, prinos soje povećan je u proseku za 11%. Navodnjavani režimi imali su statistički značajno različite uticaje na komponente prinosa kao što su visina biljaka u vreme žetve, broj mahuna i zrna po biljci, masa mahuna po biljci, masa zrna po biljci, masa 1.000 zrna i zapreminska masa zrna. Smanjenje prinosa je uglavnom posledica manjeg broja mahuna i zrna po biljci i manje mase 1.000 zrna. Tretman T1 imao je najveću visinu biljaka u sve tri godine ispitivanja. Rezultati su pokazali da je tretman T3 prihvatljiva strategija navodnjavanja za stabilizaciju i povećanje prinosa soje u Sremu i susednim zemljama regiona u uslovima ograničenih vodnih resursa, pod uslovom da ova praksa nije sprečena ekonomskim ograničenjima.
- Published
- 2016
27. Heritabilnost, genetička dobit i korelacije visine biljke, dužine klasa i produktivnog bokorenja hlebne i durum pšenice
- Author
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Gordana Branković, Dodig, D., Knežević, D., Kandić, V., and Pavlov, J.
- Subjects
korelacije ,productive tillering ,dužina klasa ,genetic advance ,correlations ,wheat ,visina biljke ,pšenica ,genetička dobit ,spike length ,plant height ,produktivno bokorenje - Abstract
The aim of this research was to examine variability, broad-sense heritability, genetic advance of plant height (PH), spike length (SL) and productive tillering (PTC) of 30 genotypes of bread and durum wheat, and correlations between them. Field trials were carried out during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 growing seasons at the three sites: Rimski Šančevi, Zemun Polje and Padinska Skela. Results of this investigation showed that genotype was the most significant source of variation for SL in bread and durum wheat with 67.1% and 54.4% of explained sum of squares (SS) and for PH in bread wheat with the 66% of SS. Environment represented the most important source of variation for PTC in bread and durum wheat wheat with 68% and 35.9% of SS and also for PH in durum wheat with 51.6% of SS. The ratio of genetic and genotype × environment interaction (σ² g / σ² ge )components of variance indicated more stability in bread wheat for PH and SL and less for PTC in both wheat species. Broad-sense heritability (h²) was very high (>90%) for PH and SL in bread and durum wheat, but smaller for PTC (80.7% and 75.6%, respectively). Considering the high obtained values of h² and high expected genetic advance as percent of mean for PH and SL of bread wheat and for PTC of durum wheat the success of selection for desired trait values can be predicted. PH proved to be correlated with PTC at three environments(0.538, 0.532, P lt 0.05, 0.708, P lt 0.01). Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se prouči varijabilnost, heritabilnost u širem smislu, genetička dobit za visinu biljke (PH), dužinu klasa (SL) i koeficijent produktivnog bokorenja (PTC) 30 genotipova hlebne i durum pšenice, kao i korelacije među njima. Poljski ogledi su bili postavljeni tokom 2010-2011. i 2011-2012 vegetacione sezone na tri lokaliteta: Rimski Šančevi, Zemun Polje i Padinska Skela. Rezultati ovog istraživanja su pokazali da je genotip bio najznačajniji izvor variranja za SL hlebne i durum pšenice sa 67,1% i 54,4% objašnjene sume kvadrata (SS) i za PH hlebne pšenice sa 66% SS. Ekološki faktori su predstavljali najznačajniji izvor variranja za PTC hlebne i durum pšenice sa 68% i 35,9% SS, kao i za PH durum pšenice sa 51,6% SS. Odnos komponenti varijanse-genetičke i interakcije genotip × sredina (σ² g / σ² ge ) je ukazala na veću stabilnost hlebne pšenice za PH i SL, i manju za PTC, za obe vrste pšenice. Heritabilnost u širem smislu (h²) je bila veoma visoka (> 90%) za PH i SL hlebne i durum pšenice, dok je za PTC bila niža (80,7% i 75,6%). Uzimajući u obzir dobijene visoke vrednosti za h² i očekivanu genetička dobit izraženu u procentima proseka za PH i SL hlebne pšenice i za PTC durum pšenice, može se očekivati uspeh selekcije za očekivane vrednosti proučavanih osobina. PH je bila korelisana sa PTC u tri sredine (0,538 i 0,532, P lt 0,05, 0,708, P lt 0,01).
- Published
- 2015
28. Morfološka i gospodarska svojstva energetske trave Miscanthus x giganteus Greef et Deu. u trećoj godini uzgoja
- Author
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Leto, Josip, Bilandžija, Nikola, Hudek, Kristina, and Pospišil, Milan
- Subjects
Miscanthus x giganteus ,prinos ,visina biljke ,broj izboja ,treća godina - Abstract
Miscanthus×giganteus is a perennial rhizomatous grass employing the C4 photosynthetic pathway. It has been described as having high potential biomass production with a low nitrogen requirement. The aim of this study was to determine the biomass yield, plant height and number of shoots per m2 of species Miscanthus x giganteus grown at three different locations at the end of vegetation season in the third growing year. The highest dry matter yield (DMY) was obtained at Donja Bistra (30.34 t ha-1) and was 20.4% higher than DMY in Medvednica, and 51.55% higher than DMY in Ličko Petrovo Selo (P
- Published
- 2015
29. Dinamika rasta ekotipova češnjaka u uvjetima sjeverozapadne Hrvatske
- Author
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Benko, Božidar, Fabek, Sanja, Toth, Nina, Radman, Sanja, Žutić, Ivanka, and Pospišil, Milan
- Subjects
Allium sativum L ,broj listova ,klimatske prilike ,visina biljke - Abstract
Proizvodnju domaćih ekotipova češnjaka je potrebno unaprijediti sa ciljem njihova očuvanja i smanjenja uvoza. Stoga je provedeno istraživanje kako bi se utvrdila dinamika rasta i mogućnost uzgoja različitih ekotipova u agroekološkim uvjetima sjeverozapadne Hrvatske. Sadnja češnjeva dvanaest ekotipova obavljena je 24. listopada 2013. godine. Tijekom vegetacije praćene su klimatske prilike, a tijekom proljetno-ljetnog razdoblja, mjerenjem visine biljaka i broja listova u četiri navrata utvrđena je dinamika rasta. Najviše biljke (77, 7 i 74, 0 cm) razvili su ekotipovi E7 i E11, dok je najveći broj listova po biljci utvrđen kod ekotipova E3 i E12 (oba 9, 8). Testirani ekotipovi imaju podjednaku dinamiku rasta tijekom vegetacije, ali se međusobno razlikuju po intenzitetu rasta unutar određenog dijela vegetacije.
- Published
- 2015
30. Utjecaj roka košnje i gnojidbe dušikom na agronomska svojstva ozimog graška (Pisum sativum ssp. arvense L.)
- Author
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Krizmanić, Goran, Čupić, Tihomir, Tucak, Marijana, and Popović, Svetislav
- Subjects
stočni grašak ,rok košnje ,gnojidba ,visina biljke ,suha tvar ,prinos - Abstract
Field pea (Pisum sativum spp. arvense L.) is becoming increasingly common legumes in fodder production due to the high green mass yield, nutritional value and significant content of nitrogen leaving in the soil. The aim of this study was to determine the purpose and effect of nitrogen fertilization as well as the impact of harvesting regime on three field pea important traits (plant height, dry matter green mass yield). The research was conducted during a period of three years on experimental field at the Agricultural Institute Osijek. The experiment was set up in a split block design with three replications where the harvesting deadline (start of blooming and full bloom) was the main factor and seven levels of nitrogen fertilization (0 to 180 kg N ha-1) the subfactor. Significant differences at a significance level P
- Published
- 2015
31. Dinamika rasta i morfološka svojstva češnjaka Zadarske županije
- Author
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Guzić, Lucija
- Subjects
prinos ,masa lukovice ,visina biljke ,broj listova ,Benkovac - Abstract
Na hrvatskom tržištu posljednjih godina je povećana potražnja za domaćim češnjakom. Sadašnja proizvodnja domaćeg češnjaka nije dostatna zbog nedostatka kvalitetnog sadnog materijala i neodgovarajućeg skladištenja. Pri proizvodnji sadnog materijala važno je pratiti morfološka, gospodarska i kvalitetna svojstva te zdravstveno stanje s ciljem izdvajanja najkvalitetnijih ekotipova. Cilj ovog rada je bio utvrditi dinamiku rasta i morfološka svojstva ekotipova češnjaka Zadarske županije uzgajanih iz različitih varijanti sadnog materijala (češnjevi, presadnice i lučice). Poljski pokusi postavljeni su u jesen 2014. godine na dvije lokacije: u Zadarskoj županiji (Lisičić) i Zagrebu (Maksimir). Testirane su tri varijante sadnog materijala češnjaka: češnjevi, in vitro uzgojene presadnice i sitne lučice dobivene sadnjom in vitro presadnica. Utvrđene su razlike u visini biljke, broju listova te prinosu, masi, promjeru i visini lukovice, ovisno o ekotipu i području uzgoja. Najveći prinos na obje lokacije ostvario je češnjak ekotipa E4 u uzgoju iz češnjeva (7, 2 t/ha u Zagrebu i 6, 4 t/ha u Benkovcu). Rezultati istraživanja predstavljaju i vrijedne smjernice za daljnje unapređenje uzgoja češnjaka na području Zadarske županije te ostalim regijama Hrvatske.
- Published
- 2015
32. Heritability, genetic advance and correlations of plant height, spike length and productive tillering in bread wheat and durum wheat
- Author
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Branković, Gordana, Branković, Gordana, Dodig, Dejan, Knežević, Desimir, Kandić, Vesna, Pavlov, Jovan, Branković, Gordana, Branković, Gordana, Dodig, Dejan, Knežević, Desimir, Kandić, Vesna, and Pavlov, Jovan
- Abstract
The aim of this research was to examine variability, broad-sense heritability, genetic advance of plant height (PH), spike length (SL) and productive tillering (PTC) of 30 genotypes of bread and durum wheat, and correlations between them. Field trials were carried out during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 growing seasons at the three sites: Rimski Šančevi, Zemun Polje and Padinska Skela. Results of this investigation showed that genotype was the most significant source of variation for SL in bread and durum wheat with 67.1% and 54.4% of explained sum of squares (SS) and for PH in bread wheat with the 66% of SS. Environment represented the most important source of variation for PTC in bread and durum wheat wheat with 68% and 35.9% of SS and also for PH in durum wheat with 51.6% of SS. The ratio of genetic and genotype × environment interaction (σ² g / σ² ge )components of variance indicated more stability in bread wheat for PH and SL and less for PTC in both wheat species. Broad-sense heritability (h²) was very high (>90%) for PH and SL in bread and durum wheat, but smaller for PTC (80.7% and 75.6%, respectively). Considering the high obtained values of h² and high expected genetic advance as percent of mean for PH and SL of bread wheat and for PTC of durum wheat the success of selection for desired trait values can be predicted. PH proved to be correlated with PTC at three environments(0.538, 0.532, P lt 0.05, 0.708, P lt 0.01)., Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se prouči varijabilnost, heritabilnost u širem smislu, genetička dobit za visinu biljke (PH), dužinu klasa (SL) i koeficijent produktivnog bokorenja (PTC) 30 genotipova hlebne i durum pšenice, kao i korelacije među njima. Poljski ogledi su bili postavljeni tokom 2010-2011. i 2011-2012 vegetacione sezone na tri lokaliteta: Rimski Šančevi, Zemun Polje i Padinska Skela. Rezultati ovog istraživanja su pokazali da je genotip bio najznačajniji izvor variranja za SL hlebne i durum pšenice sa 67,1% i 54,4% objašnjene sume kvadrata (SS) i za PH hlebne pšenice sa 66% SS. Ekološki faktori su predstavljali najznačajniji izvor variranja za PTC hlebne i durum pšenice sa 68% i 35,9% SS, kao i za PH durum pšenice sa 51,6% SS. Odnos komponenti varijanse-genetičke i interakcije genotip × sredina (σ² g / σ² ge ) je ukazala na veću stabilnost hlebne pšenice za PH i SL, i manju za PTC, za obe vrste pšenice. Heritabilnost u širem smislu (h²) je bila veoma visoka (> 90%) za PH i SL hlebne i durum pšenice, dok je za PTC bila niža (80,7% i 75,6%). Uzimajući u obzir dobijene visoke vrednosti za h² i očekivanu genetička dobit izraženu u procentima proseka za PH i SL hlebne pšenice i za PTC durum pšenice, može se očekivati uspeh selekcije za očekivane vrednosti proučavanih osobina. PH je bila korelisana sa PTC u tri sredine (0,538 i 0,532, P lt 0,05, 0,708, P lt 0,01).
- Published
- 2015
33. Effect foliar nutrition on the productivity of buckwheat (fagopyrum esculentum moench) in organic growing systems
- Author
-
Popović, Vera, Sikora, Vladimir, Simić, Divna, Živanović, Ljubiša, Ugrenović, Vladan, Filipović, Vladimir, and Zejak, Dejan
- Subjects
plant mass ,nutrition ,masa biljke ,organic growing system ,Heljda ,visina biljke ,prinos ,prihrana ,organski sistem gajenja ,yield ,buckwheat ,plant height - Abstract
The study in organic farming system was conducted at the field of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Bački Petrovac (φN 45 ° 20 ‘, λE 19 ° 40’ 89 msl), during the 2013. year. Analysis of the average yield showed that varieties of NS buckwheat, Novosadska in the variant of nutrition, achieved a higher yield compared to the control variant. The average yield of NS buckwheat Novosadska, with foliar nutrition, amounted to 2.296 kg ha-1 In the variant of nutrition average yield were higher by 141 kg ha-1, or 6.34% compared to the control variant. The average plant weight was 32,30 g, plant height 175 cm and the average height of the first lateral branch was 16,61 cm. In control variant plants had significantly higher height of first lateral branches, compared to a model with nutrition, p lt 0.05. In the the variant of the nutrition of plant mass was higher than the control. Istraživanja u organskom sistemu gajenja sprovedena su na parcelama Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Bačkom Petrovcu (φN 45°20’, λE 19°40’, m.s.l. 89), tokom 2013. godine. Analiza prosečnih prinosa pokazala je da je sorta heljde Novosadska, u varijanti prihrane, ostvarila viši prinos u odnosu na kontrolnu varijanu. Prosečni prinosi zrna heljde za sortu Novosadska iznosili su 2.296 kg ha-1 U varijanti sa prihranom prinosi su bili viši za 141 kg odnosno za 6,34 % u odnosu na kontrolnu varijantu. Prosečna masa biljke iznosila je 32,30 g, visina biljke 175 cm a prosečna visina prve bočne grane iznosila je 16,61 cm. U kontrolnoj varijanti biljke su imale statistički značajno višu visinu prve bočne grane u odnosu na varijantu sa prihranom, p lt 0.05. U varijanti sa prihranom masa biljke bila je viša u odnosu na kontrolnu varijantu.
- Published
- 2014
34. Varijabilnost RHT8 gena u germplazmi ozime pšenice
- Author
-
Ravlić, Ivana, Marić, Sonja, Petrović, Sonja, Guberac, Vlado, Guberac, Sunčica, Kiš, Darko, Rukavina, Ivana, and Haramija, Jospi
- Subjects
pšenica ,varijabilnost ,visina biljke ,Rht8 - Abstract
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi varijabilnost Rht8 gena u 20 hrvatskih i 10 stranih ozimih pšenica pomoću mikrosatelitnog markera gwm261 te rezultate usporediti sa visinom pšenice u poljskim pokusima. Identificirane su četiri različite alelne varijante na Xgwm261 lokusu, od 165, 174, 192 i 197 bp. Najzastupljeniji je bio alel od 192 bp, u određenim slučajevima dijagnostičnan za Rht8 gen, prisutan u 22 sorte (73, 3%), odnosno 17 (85%) hrvatskih sorti. Gotovo sve sorte pšenice imale su očekivane visine s obzirom na prisutnost određenih alela na Xgwm261 lokusu, između 73, 4 cm (Srpanjka) i 136, 3 cm (U1).
- Published
- 2014
35. Efekat folijarne prihrane na produktivnost heljde (fagopyrum esculentum moench) u organskom sistemu gajenja
- Author
-
Popović, Vera, Sikora, Vladimir, Simić, Divna, Živanović, Ljubiša, Ugrenović, Vladan, Filipović, Vladimir, and Zejak, Dejan
- Subjects
plant mass ,nutrition ,masa biljke ,organic growing system ,Heljda ,visina biljke ,prinos ,prihrana ,organski sistem gajenja ,yield ,buckwheat ,plant height - Abstract
The study in organic farming system was conducted at the field of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Bački Petrovac (φN 45 ° 20 ‘, λE 19 ° 40’ 89 msl), during the 2013. year. Analysis of the average yield showed that varieties of NS buckwheat, Novosadska in the variant of nutrition, achieved a higher yield compared to the control variant. The average yield of NS buckwheat Novosadska, with foliar nutrition, amounted to 2.296 kg ha-1 In the variant of nutrition average yield were higher by 141 kg ha-1, or 6.34% compared to the control variant. The average plant weight was 32,30 g, plant height 175 cm and the average height of the first lateral branch was 16,61 cm. In control variant plants had significantly higher height of first lateral branches, compared to a model with nutrition, p lt 0.05. In the the variant of the nutrition of plant mass was higher than the control. Istraživanja u organskom sistemu gajenja sprovedena su na parcelama Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Bačkom Petrovcu (φN 45°20’, λE 19°40’, m.s.l. 89), tokom 2013. godine. Analiza prosečnih prinosa pokazala je da je sorta heljde Novosadska, u varijanti prihrane, ostvarila viši prinos u odnosu na kontrolnu varijanu. Prosečni prinosi zrna heljde za sortu Novosadska iznosili su 2.296 kg ha-1 U varijanti sa prihranom prinosi su bili viši za 141 kg odnosno za 6,34 % u odnosu na kontrolnu varijantu. Prosečna masa biljke iznosila je 32,30 g, visina biljke 175 cm a prosečna visina prve bočne grane iznosila je 16,61 cm. U kontrolnoj varijanti biljke su imale statistički značajno višu visinu prve bočne grane u odnosu na varijantu sa prihranom, p lt 0.05. U varijanti sa prihranom masa biljke bila je viša u odnosu na kontrolnu varijantu.
- Published
- 2014
36. Rodnost energetske trave Miscanthus x giganteus u 1. godini na različitim lokacijama
- Author
-
Leto, Josip, Bilandžija, Nikola, Marić, Sonja, and Lončarić, Zdenko
- Subjects
Miscanthus x giganteus ,prinos ,visina biljke ,broj izboja ,prva godina - Abstract
Cilj je istraživanja bio utvrditi prinos biomase, visinu biljaka i broj izboja po biljci vrste Miscanthus x giganteus na pet lokacija u prvoj godini uzgoja na kraju vegetacijske sezone. Najveći prinosi suhe tvari (P
- Published
- 2013
37. Heritabilnost visine biljke i prečnika glave kod suncokreta
- Author
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Radovan Marinković, Slaven Prodanovic, Mihajlo Ćirić, Petar Čanak, Petar Mitrović, Siniša Jocić, and Milan Jocković
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,prečnik glave ,lcsh:Biotechnology ,Soil Science ,visina biljke ,Plant Science ,lcsh:Plant culture ,Horticulture ,Biology ,genetski faktori ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Genetic correlation ,phenotypic expression ,plant height ,sunflower seeds ,Animal science ,lcsh:TP248.13-248.65 ,Helianthus annuus ,Botany ,Genetics ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,heritabilnost u užem smislu ,2. Zero hunger ,suncokret ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,head diameter ,Heritability ,populations ,Sunflower ,fenotipska ekspresija ,narrow sense heritability ,populacije ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,genetic factors ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,broad sense heritability ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Biotechnology ,heritabilnost u širem smislu - Abstract
Purpose of this study was to estimate heritability, in broad and narrow sense, for sunflower plant height and head diameter in order to evaluate success of selection of these traits. Fifteen sunflower populations were evaluated. Heritability values, in broad and narrow sense, were estimated in order to find out the proportion of genetic and additive factors in phenotypic expression of these traits. Study showed that the broad sense heritability for plant height ranged from 6.73% to 72.53%, while in the narrow sense it ranged from 4.76% to 95.44%. The broad and narrow sense heritability, for head diameter, varied from 0.15% to 52.58% and from 26.27% to 94.61%. Differences in heritability estimates are attributable to different genetic BACKGROUND: of studied populations. Svrha ovog rada je bila da se proceni heritabilnost, u širem i užem smislu, za visinu biljke i prečnik glave kod suncokreta sa ciljem da se oceni uspeh selekcije ovih svojstava. Ispitivano je petnaest populacija suncokreta. Vrednosti heritabilnosti, u širem i užem smislu, su procenjene sa ciljem da se sazna udeo genetičkih i aditivnih faktora u fenotipskoj ekspresiji ovih svojstava. Studija je pokazala da se heritabilnost visine biljke, u širem smislu kretala od 6,73% do 72,53%, dok se u užem smislu kretala od 4,76% do 95,44%. Heritabilnost prečnika glave, u širem i užem smislu, varirala je od 0,15% do 52,58% i od 26,27% do 94,61%. Razlike u procenama heritabilnosti se mogu pripisati različitoj genetičkoj pozadini ispitivanih populacija.
- Published
- 2013
38. Utjecaj okolišnih činitelja na agronomska svojstva germplazme ozime pšenice
- Author
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Roksandić, Marina
- Subjects
varijabilnost ,vanjski činitelji ,visina biljke ,broj biljaka po m2 ,duljina klasa ,broj klasića po klasu ,broj zrna po klasu ,masa 1000 zrna - Abstract
Tijekom vegetacijskih godina 2008./2009. i 2009./2010. u uvjetima istočne Slavonije ispitivana je varijabilnost i utjecaj vanjskih čimbenika na agronomska svojstva 20 sorata ozime pšenice iz različitih oplemenjivačkih programa zastupljenih u proizvodnji od 1936. do 2008. godine. Utvrđene su statistički visoko opravdane razlike (P
- Published
- 2013
39. Uvođenje Miscanthusa kao energetske kulture u poljoprivrenu proizvodnju Hrvatske
- Author
-
Leto, Josip, Krička, Tajana, Voća, Neven, Bilandžija, Nikola, Jurišić, Vanja, Matin, Ana, and Pospišil, Milan
- Subjects
Miscanthus x giganteus ,lokacija ,sklop ,visina biljke ,energetska vrijednost - Abstract
The perennial grass Miscanthus x giganteus proved to be an interesting and highly valuable agricultural source of renewable energy. Here, the aim is to determine the potential of growing Miscanthus x giganteus in different ecological conditions in Croatia, mainly in poor soils, so that this production of biomass for renewable energy would not compete with food production. The experimental lots, with average surface of 3000 m2, were set up at eleven locations in the continental plain and mountainous areas of Croatia and in the country’s sub-Mediterranean area. The planting of rhizome was carried out in the period from 26 April to 3 May 2011. In the year of planting the following properties were monitored: stand establishment and plant density before the end of vegetation period, weediness, and plant height. The most favourable stand establishment and plant denity before the end of vegetation (around 95%), the highest plant at the end of vegetation (120-220 cm) and the lowest weediness were recorded at the location of Donja Bistra and in the Faculty of Agriculture's Grassland Research Centre in Medvednica. At all locations the plant growth was significantly slowed by the drought, especially in the sub- Mediterranean area. In order to estimate the energy potential of the crop in the third year of the cultivation, the year of its full yield, the energy properties of the Miscanthus x giganteus grown in Germany and Slovakia were determined. The analyses of the described samples determined that energy value was between 17.04 and 17.69 MJ/kg, with cellulose content of 50.69 to 51.34%.
- Published
- 2012
40. Utjecaj tretmana na kvalitetu sjemena hibrida kukuruza
- Author
-
Ivica Beraković
- Subjects
kukuruz (Zea Mays L.) ,energija klijanja ,standardna klijavost ,dužina skladištenja ,tretiranje sjemena ,visina biljke ,masa biljke ,promjer stabljike ,sklop biljaka ,kukuruz (Zea mays L.) ,maize (Zea mays L.) ,vigor ,standard germination ,length of storage ,seed treatment ,plant height ,plant weight ,stem diameter ,plant density - Abstract
Zbog sve veće i značajnije pojave štetnika kukuruzu, sjeme hibrida potrebno je zaštititi od napada štetnika, te se sjeme kukuruza tretira odgovarajućim insekticidima. Izborom boljih tehnoloških rješenja i izborom odgovarajućeg insekticida za tretiranje sjemena kukuruza, značajno se može smanjiti napad štetnika i na taj način unaprijediti proizvodnja kukuruza. Cilj istraživanja je da se na osnovi rezultata dobiju spoznaje o utjecaju tretmana na kvalitetu sjemena hibrida kukuruza te dobiju pretpostavke za poboljšanje uvjeta skladištenja i očuvanja kvalitete sjemena. U poljskim uvjetima istražiti i provjeriti nema li tretirano sjeme insekticidima negativan fitotoksičan utjecaj na rast i razvoj biljaka. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na vrlo značajan utjecaj tretmana sjemena insekticidima na energiju klijanja te ne standardnu klijavost. Također utvrđen je vrlo značajan utjecaj načina skladištenja tretiranog sjemena na kvalitetu sjemena. Promatrajući utjecaj tretiranih hibrida na energiju klijanja i standardnu klijavost utvrđen je vrlo značajan utjecaj hibrida. Najveća kvaliteta sjemena tijekom istraživanja bila je kod sjemena hibrida „H2“ a zatim kod sjemena hibrida „H1“, dok je kod hibrida „H3“ i „H4“ kvaliteta sjemena bila manja. Iz istraživanja je vidljivo da su hibridi „H2“ i „H1“ pogodniji za tretiranje sjemena sa insekticidima od hibrida „H3“ i hibrida „H4“. U terenskim promatranjima i istraživanjima dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na vrlo značajan utjecaj tretiranog sjemena na visinu nadzemnog dijela, masu nadzemnog dijela biljke, debljinu stabljike te vrlo značajan utjecaj na sklop biljaka. Pozitivan utjecaj tretmana sa insekticidima „T1“ i „T3“ vidljiv je kod svih provedenih terenskih istraživanja. Biljke tretirane uz uobičajeni fungicid i insekticidima „T1“ i „T3“ imale su veću visinu nadzemnog dijela biljke, veću masu nadzemnog dijela stabljike, veću debljinu stabljike te bolji sklop biljaka od tretmana kontrole „K“ na svim lokalitetima istraživanja.
- Published
- 2012
41. Volumen sjetvenog mjesta kontejnera i starost presadnica paprike: I. Utjecaj na kvalitetu presadnica
- Author
-
Filković, Marina, Lončarić, Zdenko, Teklić, Tihana, Popović, Brigita, Karalić, Krunoslav, Vukobratović, Marija, Kerovec, Darko, Lončarić, Zdenko, and Marić, Sonja
- Subjects
paprika ,kontejner ,starost presadnica ,visina biljke ,LAI - Abstract
Presadnice paprike hibrida Blondy F1, starosti 40, 50 i 60 dana, proizvedene su u grijanom plasteniku sjetvom u supstrat Klasamnn Potgrond H. Korišteni su stiroporni kontejneri za 40, 84 i 104 biljke s volumenom sjetvenog mjesta 100, 43 i 32 ml. Nakon proizvodnje presadnica analizirani su visina presadnica, broj listova, duljina listova, ukupna površina listova i indeks lisne površine presadnica kao pokazatelji rasta koji mogu opisati kvalitetu presadnica. Starost presadnica i volumen sjetvenog mjesta kontejnera vrlo su značajno utjecali na pokazatelje rasta. Visina presadnica paprike kontinuirano se povećava rastom presadnica, ali povećanje volumena sjetvenog mjesta kontejnera ne povećava kontinuirano visinu presadnica. Broj listova, prosječna duljina i površina listova po biljci značajno su povezani i rastu povećanjem volumena sjetvenog mjesta kontejnera kao i porastom presadnica. Indeks lisne površine dobar je pokazatelj starosti presadnica, ali nije dobar pokazatelj utjecaja volumena sjetvenog mjesta kontejnera na rast presadnica. Značajne korelacije ispitivanih svojstava upućuju na zaključak da se svi analizirani pokazatelji rasta mogu koristiti za prikaz kvalitete i zrelosti presadnica, a najpogodniji su visina presadnice, te površina i broj listova.
- Published
- 2009
42. Prinos i kakvoća sjemena soje kao rezultat genetske predispozicije kultivara, lokaliteta i godina uzgoja
- Author
-
Jukić, Goran
- Subjects
soja ,lokaliteti ,visina biljke ,visina do prve mahune ,prinos ,kakvoća sjemena ,bolesti i štetnici - Abstract
Cilj istraživanja bio je procijeniti kakvoću, visinu i stabilnost uroda zrna kultivara soje na različitim lokacijama uz prisutnost bolesti, štetnika i polijeganja. U dvogodišnjem poljskom pokusu i laboratorijskom ispitivanju proučavan je utjecaj šest kultivara soje (Anica, Marija, Danica, OAC Erin, Dubravka i Bolly-44) različite grupe dozrijevanja na visinu, kakvoću (postotak ulja i bjelančevina) i prinos zrna. Pokus je postavljen 2006. i 2007. godine na tlima različite kiselosti (slabo kisele do kisele reakcije), na područjima Osijeka, Kutjeva i Nove Gradiške u četiri ponavljanja na svakoj lokaciji. Dobiveni rezultati za visinu biljke, visinu do prve mahune, prinos i kakvoću sjemena obrađeni su analizom varijance uz LSD test. Značajne statističke razlike za sva istraživana svojstva imale su interakcije grupe zrioba x lokacija i interakcija kultivar x godina na razini značajnosti (P=0, 05 i 0, 01). Interakcija grupe zrioba x godina bila je značajna za svojstva prinos sjemena, postotak ulja i postotak bjelančevina. Interakcija grupe zrioba x godina x lokacija i interakcija kultivar x godina x lokacija bile su značajne za sva svojstva, osim za prinos sjemena. Značajnu razliku za sve proučavane parametre osim visine do prve mahune imala je interakcija kultivar x lokacija. U godinama ispitivanja uočili smo pojavu bolesti i to: Peronospora manshurica, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum i Diaporthe phaseolorum var. Sojae. Bolesti nisu utjecale na prinos i kakvoću sjemena. Od štetnika smo uočil: Tetranychus urticae koch i Acrosternum hilare – zelena stjenica koji nisu utjecali na smanjenje prinosa i kakvoću sjemena.
- Published
- 2009
43. Interdependence between plant height and number of lateral branches at rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)
- Author
-
Vukosavljev, Mirjana, Dimitrijević, Miodrag, Petrović, Sofija, Marjanović-Jeromela, Ana, and Vuković, Nataša
- Subjects
broj bočnih grana ,koeficijent korelacije ,coefficient of correlation ,uljana repica ,number of lateral branches ,visina biljke ,rapeseed ,plant height - Abstract
In this paper has been tested relationship between two characteristics of phenotype: plant height and number of lateral branches. Research was conducted at Rimski Šančevi during 2007/2008. and 7 of Novi Sad's genotypes were included. Positive correlations for plant height and number of lateral branches were find at majority of lines. U radu je ispitan odnos između dve fenotipske osobine: visine biljke i broja bočnih grana. Ispitivanje je sprovedeno na Rimskim Šančevima tokom 2008. godine i u ogled je uključeno 7 novosadskih genotipova uljane repice,(Ln 5, Ln 6, Ln 7, Ln 8, Ln 9, Ln 10 i Ln 17). Pozitivne korelacije za visinu biljke i broj bočnih grana su uočene kod većine linija.
- Published
- 2008
44. Rast presadnica rajčice pri različitim koncentracijama hranjive otopine
- Author
-
Ljubenkov, Boško, Pensa, Ivan Vicenco, Dumičić, Gvozden, Goreta, Smiljana, and Pospišil, Milan
- Subjects
Lycopersicon esculentum ,kalij ,nitrati ,površina lista ,visina biljke - Abstract
Proizvodnja presadnica povrća je značajna faza u uzgojnom procesu koja može uvelike utjecati na početni razvoj biljke. Cilj istraživanja je bio utvrditi utjecaj tri koncentracije hranjive otopine (po Sonneveldu, EC = 2, 4 ili 6 dS m-1) na vegetativni rast tri kultivara (Belle, Fado i Cheramy) rajčice uzgojena u kockama kamene vune (7.5 cm). Mjesec dana nakon sjetve značajno više (33.8 cm) presadnice zabilježene su pri 2 dS m-1, te kod Cheramy (33.6 cm). Najveći broj listova (9) zabilježen je kod Cheramy, dok su internodiji bili najduži kod Fado (4.1 cm). Veći promjer stabljike zabilježen je kod Belle (4.7 mm) i kod presadnica uzgojenih pri 2 dS m-1. Površina lista bila je veća kod Fado (380 cm2) u odnosu na Belle (324 cm2) i Cheramy (301 cm2), a značajno se smanjila s porastom EC-a hranjive otopine s 2 na 6 dS m-1. Kultivar nije utjecao na specifičnu površinu lista (cm2 g-1), no ona se značajno smanjila s povećanjem EC hranjive otopine s 2 na 6 dS m-1. Najmanji sadržaj suhe tvari u svježem listu zabilježen je kod presadnica uzgojenih pri 2 dS m-1 (6.2%) te je rastao s povećanjem EC-a hranjive otopine. Koncentracija NO3- i K+ iona u listu povećavala se s porastom EC-a hranjive otopine. U odnosu na druge kultivare Cheramy je imao veću koncentraciju NO3- (3989 ppm) i K+ (4878 ppm) iona u listu. Povećanje koncentracije hranjive otopine iznad 2 dS m-1 usporilo je većinu parametara vegetativnog rasta presadnica rajčice.
- Published
- 2008
45. Značaj izbora hibrida kukuruza u proizvodnji silaže
- Author
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Šimić, Branimir, Andrić, Luka, Plavšić, Hrvoje, Kraljičak, Željko, Lovković, Josip, Ćosić, Jasenka, and Milan Pospišil
- Subjects
kukuruz ,silaža ,visina biljke ,urod ,sadržaj bjelančevina - Abstract
Istraživanjem je ispitan utjecaj izbora hibrida kukuruza (OSSK552, OSSK596, OSSK617, OSSK602, OSSK644) i lokaliteta (Valpovo, Slavonski Brod, Bjelovar) u 2005. i 2006. godini na pojedina gospodarska svojstva kukuruza u proizvodnji silaže. Istraživanjem je utvrđena visina biljke do metlice (cm), urod zrna (t/ha) i sadržaj bjelančevina u zrnu (%/AST). Najmanja visina biljke bila je 275cm kod hibrida OSSK552 na lokalitetu Valpovo u 2005. godini a največa 372cm kod hibrida OSSK644 na lokalitetu Bjelovar u 2005 godini. Prosječna visina biljke između godina istraživanja bila je od 302cm (2006.) do 311cm (2005). Urod zrna bio je najmanji od 8, 94t/ha na lokalitetu Valopvo kod hibrida OSSK644 (2005) a najveći od 11, 21t/ha kod hibrida OSSK617 na lokalitetu Bjelovar (2006). Sadržaj bjelančevina na svim lokalitetima u obje godine istraživanja bio je najveći kod hibrida OSSK552 i OSSK 617 (10, 38- 10, 45%). Istraživnjem je utvrđeno da izborom hibrida (genotip) značajno povečavamo visinu biljke, uroda zrna i sadržaja bjelančevina. Lokalitet je utječe statistički značajno na povečanje vrijednosti visina biljke i uroda zrna. Uvjeti proizvodnje (godina) značajno utječe na urod zrna.
- Published
- 2007
46. Varijabilnost populacija crvene djeteline:visina biljaka i prinos
- Author
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Grljušić, Sonja, Bukvić, Gordana, Popović, Svetislav, Čupić, Tihomir, Tucak, Marijana, and Pospišil, Milan
- Subjects
crvena djetelina ,prinos ,visina biljke - Abstract
Cilj rada bio je procjeniti veličinu varijabilnosti visine biljaka i prinosa zelene mase 40 populacija crvene djeteline (Trifolium pratense L.), half-sib potomstava u godini sjetve, opisati odnose proučavanih svojstava i identificirati potencijalno superiorne populacije kao donore gena za daljnje poboljšanje navedenih svojstava. Pokus je postavljen na lokaciji Osijek u dva ponavljanja po slučajnom blok rasporedu. Populacije su košene tri puta, a visine mjerene tijekom ljeta i jeseni u fazi početka cvatnje. Utvrđene su značajne razlike (p=0, 05 i p=0, 01) između populacija za svojstvo prinosa zelene mase. Najviši prosječni prinos zelene mase (267, 2g/biljci) populacije su ostvarile u drugoj kosidbi, a najniži u prvoj kosidbi (91, 61 g/biljci). Koeficijent varijabilnosti prinosa zelene mase bio je najviši u prvoj kosidbi(45, 38%), a najniži u trećoj kosidbi (21, 92%). Značajne razlike između populacija za svojstvo visine biljke nisu utvrđene. Koeficijent varijabilnosti visine biljaka bio je za 4, 82% niži u ljeto. Korelacijski koeficijenti za proučavana svojstva kretali su se od -0, 10 (prinos zelene mase druge kosidbe i visina biljaka u jesen) do 0, 83 (prinosi zelene mase prve i druge kosidbe). Značajnost korelacija bila je različita (p=0, 01, p=0, 05 i ne značajno). Šest populacija ostvarilo je vrlo visoke prinose zelene mase u svim kosidbama, te su označene kao potencijalno superiorne populacije za poboljšanje svojstva prinosa zelene mase.
- Published
- 2007
47. Hidroponski uzgoj salate plutajućim sustavom
- Author
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Cener, Petra
- Subjects
Lactuca sativa L ,uzgoj bez supstrata ,broj listova ,visina biljke ,masa glavice - Abstract
U istraživanju je promatran rast salate glavatice, tip kristalka (sorta Floreal), uzgojene plutajućim hidroponskim sustavom u zaštićenu prostoru od sadnje 27. rujna do berbe 23. studenog 2004. Tijekom vegetacije provedena su mjerenja broja listova, visine biljaka, promjera rozete te mase tržnih glavica. Utvrđeno je da se rast salate u hidroponskom uzgoju nije odvijao prema očekivanoj dinamici uslijed nepovoljnih klimatskih prilika u jesenskom roku uzgoja. takvi nepovoljni uvjeti rezultirali su slabim prinosom. Masa tržnih glavica u prosjeku je iznosila 94 g. Salata je imala kratku vegetaciju, 57 dana.
- Published
- 2006
48. The Inheritance of Plant Height in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
- Author
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Desimir Knezevic, Danica Micanovic, Milanko Pavlovic, Veselinka Zecevic, and Dusan Urosevic
- Subjects
lcsh:QH426-470 ,diallel analysis ,visina biljke ,Regression analysis ,Plant Science ,Biology ,ozima pšenica ,plant height ,winter wheat ,Diallel cross ,lcsh:Genetics ,Agronomy ,Genetic variation ,Linear regression ,Genetics ,nasleđivanje ,inheritance ,Allele ,Gene ,Hybrid ,Dominance (genetics) - Abstract
Four winter wheat varieties (Srbijanka, Partizanka, KG-56 and PKB-111) have been selected for diallel crossing in other to study the mode of inheritance, gene effect and genetic variance components for the plant height in F2 generation. Sixty plants of parents and F2 generation were used for analysis. The mode of inheritance was done on the basis of the significance of components of genetic variance and the regression analysis. The inheritance of plant height in the most crossing combinations was superdominance. The combining ability analysis was found to be highly significant, which means both additive and non-additive type of gene actions. The best general combining ability manifested KG-56 variety, and the best specific combining ability have shown hybrids KG-56 x PKB-111, Srbijanka x PKB-111 and Partizanka x KG-56. The genetic variance components, average degree of dominance and regression line indicated superdominance in the inheritance of plant height. The dominant alleles frequency was higher than recessive alleles frequency, which confirmed the ratio of dominant/recessive alleles. U radu je ispitivan način nasleđivanja, efekat gena, kombinacione spo-sobnosti i komponente genetičke varijanse za visinu stabljike kod četiri sorte ozime pšenice (Srbijanka, Partizanka, KG-56 i PKB-111). Ukrštanje sorti je urađeno po metodi dialela, a ispitivanja nasleđivanja izvršena su na biljkama F2 generacije na uzorku od 60 biljaka. U nasleđivanju visine stabljike preovladavala je superdomi-nacija i parcijalna dominacija. Utvrđene su visoko signifikantne razlike za opšte i posebne kombinacione sposobnosti, što znači da u nasleđivanju ovog svojstva značajnu ulogu imaju aditivna i neaditivna komponenta genetičke varijanse. Naj-bolje opšte kombinacione sposobnosti za visinu stabljike ispoljila je sorta KG-56, a najbolje posebne kombinacione sposobnosti pokazali su hibridi KG-56 x PKB-111, Srbijanka x PKB-111 i Partizanka x KG-56. Ustanovljeno je da glavni deo genetičke varijanse čini dominantna komponenta u nasleđivanju visine stabljike. U ekspresiji ovog svojstva preovladavali su dominantni u odnosu na recesivne gene. To potvrđuje frekvencija dominantnih alela i odnos ukupnog broja dominantnih prema recesivnim alelima. Genetička analiza je pokazala da je u nasleđivanju visine stabljike došlo do superdominacije.
- Published
- 2005
49. Procjena kombinacijskih sposobnosti i genetskih učinaka za visinu biljke i promjer glave suncokreta
- Author
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Mijić, Anto, Krizmanić, Miroslav, Liović, Ivica, Bilandžić, Marijan, Zdunić, Zvonimir, and Kozumplik, Vinko
- Subjects
suncokret ,opća kombinacijska sposobnost (OKS) ,specifična kombinacijska sposobnost (SKS) ,hibrid ,visina biljke ,promjer glave ,aditivni učinci gena ,dominantni učinci gena - Abstract
Procjena općih (OKS) i specifičnih (SKS) kombinacijskih sposobnosti linija, učinaka gena te izdavajanje najboljih hibridnih kombinacija za pojedina svojstva je sastavni dio oplemenjivačkog programa na suncokretu u Poljoprivrednom institutu Osijek. Istraživanje je obuhvaćalo 6 inbred linija, 15 dvolinijskih križanaca, 15 eksperimentalnih trolinijskih križanaca i tri registrirana hibrida. Istraživana su svojstva visina biljke i promjer glave. Analiza dialelnog plana križanja izvršena je prema Griffingu (1956.), metoda IV, model I. Nakon provedenih analiza izdvojene su linije dobrih općih i specifičnih kombinacijskih sposobnosti za navedena svojstva. Udio genetske u odnosu na okolinsku varijancu bio je veći za visinu biljke, a manji za promjer glave. Istraživanje je pokazalo da su za visinu biljke aditivni genetski učinci važniji od dominantnih, a za promjer glave važniji su dominantni učinci. Također su izdvojeni hibridi poželjne visine biljke i promjera glave.
- Published
- 2005
50. PROCJENA KOMBINACIJSKIH SPOSOBNOSTI I GENETSKIH UČINAKA ZA VISINU BILJKE I PROMJER GLAVE SUNCOKRETA
- Author
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A. Mijić, M. Krizmanić, I. Liović, M. Bilandžić, Z. Zdunić, and V. Kozumplik
- Subjects
sunflower ,additive gene effects ,hybrid ,suncokret ,opća kombinacijska sposobnost (OKS) ,specifična kombinacijska sposobnost (SKS) ,hibrid ,visina biljke ,promjer glave ,aditivni učinci gena ,dominantni učinci gena ,specific combining ability (SCA) ,head diameter ,lcsh:Plant culture ,lcsh:S1-972 ,plant height ,general combining ability (GCA) ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,dominant gene effects ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,hybrid, plant height - Abstract
Procjena općih (OKS) i specifičnih (SKS) kombinacijskih sposobnosti linija, učinaka gena te izdvajanje najboljih hibridnih kombinacija za visinu biljke i promjer glave sastavni je dio oplemenjivačkog programa na suncokretu, a provodi se zbog izbora linija koje će omogućiti stvaranje hibrida dobrih agronomskih svojstava. Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 6 inbred linija, 15 dvolinijskih križanaca, 15 eksperimentalnih trolinijskih križanaca i tri priznata hibrida. U procjeni kombinacijskih sposobnosti korišteni su samo F1 izravni križanci. Značajnost razlika između srednjih vrijednosti hibrida je testirana LSD testom, u prvoj godini u odnosu na prosjek pokusa, a u drugoj u odnosu na komercijalni hibrid Orion, koji je standard za priznavanje hibrida suncokreta. Na oba lokaliteta, najviše učinke OKS za visinu biljke ostvarila je linija L- 5, a za promjer glave linija L- 103. Najniže učinke SKS za visinu biljke ostvarili su križanci 5A x 103B i 101A x 302B. Najbolje kombinacije za promjer glave su 5A x 302B i 103A x 219B. Udio genetske u odnosu na okolinsku varijancu bio je veći za visinu biljke, a manji za promjer glave. Istraživanje je pokazalo da su za visinu biljke aditivni genetski učinci važniji od dominantnih, a za promjer glave važniji su dominantni učinci., Estimation of general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities of lines, gene effects as well as extraction of the best hybrid combinations for plant height and head diameter is integral part of sunflower breeding program at the Agricultural Institute Osijek. It conducts it due to choice of lines that will enable creation of hybrids with good agronomic traits. The research included 6 inbred lines, 15 single crosses, 15 experimental three way and three approved hybrids. Only F1 direct crosses were used in the estimation of combining abilities. Significance of differences among mean values of hybrids was tested by LSD test, in the first year in relation to mean of trial, and in the second year in relation to commercial hybrid Orion being a standard hybrid for approval of new sunflower hybrids. On both localities, the highest GCA effects for plant height were realized by the line L-5, and for head diameter line L-103. The lowest SCA effects for plant height had crosses 5A x 103B and 101A x 302B. The best combinations for head diameter are 5A x 302B and 103A x 219B. Portion of genetic in relation to environmental variance was higher for plant height, and lower for head diameter. The research has shown that additive gene effects for plant height were more important than dominant effects, but for head diameter dominant effects were more important.
- Published
- 2005
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