101 results on '"vandeVen M"'
Search Results
2. NEW APPLICATIONS AND ADVANTAGES OF DETECTOR ARRAYS IN MULTIFREQUENCY PHASE AND MODULATION FLUOROMETRY
- Author
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VANDEVEN, M, BARBIERI, B, and GRATTON, E
- Subjects
Biophysics ,Physical Sciences ,Chemical Sciences ,Biological Sciences - Published
- 1993
3. IMAGING OF MAMMALIAN TISSUE
- Author
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MANTULIN, WW, GRATTON, E, VANDEVEN, M, and FRENCH, T
- Subjects
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Physiology ,Medical Physiology - Published
- 1992
4. DIGITAL ACQUISITION FOR MULTIFREQUENCY PHASE AND MODULATION SPECTROSCOPY - ADVANTAGES OVER ANALOG DETECTION
- Author
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VANDEVEN, M, BARBIERI, B, GRATTON, E, and MANTULIN, W
- Subjects
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Physiology ,Medical Physiology - Published
- 1992
5. FLUORESCENCE LIFETIME RESOLVED STOPPED-FLOW FLUOROMETER
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SLAGLE, SP, GRATTON, E, VANDEVEN, M, and MANTULIN, WW
- Subjects
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Physiology ,Medical Physiology - Published
- 1992
6. DPH FLUORESCENCE LIFETIME DISTRIBUTIONS IN OXIDIZED CARDIOLIPIN VESICLES
- Author
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WRATTEN, ML, VANDEVEN, M, RUSCH, R, SEVANIAN, A, and GRATTON, E
- Subjects
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Physiology ,Medical Physiology - Published
- 1992
7. EDC-mediated DNA attachment to nanocrystalline CVD diamond films
- Author
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Christiaens, P., Vermeeren, V., Wenmackers, S., Daenen, M., Haenen, K., Nesládek, M., vandeVen, M., Ameloot, M., Michiels, L., and Wagner, P.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Effect of challenge temperature and solute type on heat tolerance of Salmonella serovars at low water activity
- Author
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Mattick, K. L., Jorgensen, F., Wang, P., Pound, J., Vandeven, M. H., Ward, L. R., Legan, J. D., Lappin-Scott, H. M., and Humphrey, T. J.
- Subjects
Microbiological research -- Analysis ,Salmonella -- Physiological aspects ,Heat -- Physiological aspects ,Solution (Chemistry) -- Physiological aspects ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Research has been conducted on Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium DT104. The death of this bacterium after the exposure to different combinations of temperature has been investigated and the results are discussed.
- Published
- 2001
9. Head-On Immobilization of DNA Fragments on CVD-Diamond Layers
- Author
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Wenmackers, S., primary, Christiaens, P., additional, Deferme, W., additional, Daenen, M., additional, Haenen, K., additional, Nesládek, M., additional, Wagner, Patrick, additional, Vermeeren, V., additional, Michiels, L., additional, vandeVen, M., additional, Ameloot, M., additional, Wouters, J., additional, Naelaerts, L., additional, and Mekhalif, Z., additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
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10. Sampling techniques
- Author
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Legan, D, primary and Vandeven, M, additional
- Published
- 2003
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11. TIME-RESOLVED FLUORESCENCE LIFETIME IMAGING
- Author
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vandeVen, M., primary and Gratton, E., additional
- Published
- 1993
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12. The influence of age, gender and race/ethnicity on the composition of the human axillary microbiome.
- Author
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Li, M., Budding, A. E., Lugt‐Degen, M., Du‐Thumm, L., Vandeven, M., and Fan, A.
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MICROBIAL communities ,DNA fingerprinting ,HUMAN microbiota ,GENDER ,ETHNICITY - Abstract
Copyright of International Journal of Cosmetic Science is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
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13. Modeling Host - Bacterial Biofilm Interactions in Lower Leg Chronic Wounds
- Author
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vandeVen, M., primary
- Published
- 2015
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14. Nanosecond Time-Resolved Fluorescence Studies of Thioredoxin
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Han, M., primary, VandeVen, M., additional, Walbridge, D., additional, Knutson, J., additional, Lessick, R., additional, Anfinsen, C., additional, and Brand, L., additional
- Published
- 1989
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15. Chronic Wound Healing and Woundbed-Biofilm Interactions in Silico
- Author
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VandeVen, M., primary
- Published
- 2014
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16. Camptothecin poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide] copolymers in antitopoisomerase-1 tumor therapy: Intratumor release and antitumor efficacy
- Author
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Zamai, M, vandeVen, M, Farao, M, Gratton, E, Ghiglieri, A, Castelli, MG, Fontana, E, d'Argy, R, Fiorino, A, Pesenti, E, Suarato, A, and Caiolfa, VR
- Published
- 2003
17. Optimization of Mitochondrial and Cytosolic pH Determination in Madin Darby Kidney Cells using CLSM Images
- Author
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vandeVen, M., primary, Balut, C., additional, Baron, Sz., additional, Smets, I., additional, Steels, P., additional, and Ameloot, M., additional
- Published
- 2013
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18. A MIP-based impedimetric sensor for the detection of low-MW molecules
- Author
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Thoelen, R., Vansweevelt, R., Duchateau, J., Horemans, F., D’Haen, J., Lutsen, L., Vanderzande, D., Ameloot, M., vandeVen, M., Cleij, T.J., and Wagner, P.
- Published
- 2008
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19. Using Phasors in Interpreting One- and Two-Photon Fluorescence Lifetime Images of Fruit and Polymer Interfaces
- Author
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vandeVen, M., primary
- Published
- 2010
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20. Raster Image Correlation Spectroscopy (RICS) with One Photon Excitation and Analog Detection: Some Practical Considerations for GUVs and Cell Membranes
- Author
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vandeVen, M., primary, Gielen, E., additional, De Clercq, B., additional, Smisdom, N., additional, and Ameloot, M., additional
- Published
- 2009
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21. Topographical and Functional Characterization of the ssDNA Probe Layer Generated Through EDC-Mediated Covalent Attachment to Nanocrystalline Diamond Using Fluorescence Microscopy
- Author
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Vermeeren, V., primary, Wenmackers, S., additional, Daenen, M., additional, Haenen, K., additional, Williams, O. A., additional, Ameloot, M., additional, vandeVen, M., additional, Wagner, P., additional, and Michiels, L., additional
- Published
- 2008
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22. Measurement of cytosolic and mitochondrial pH in living cells during reversible metabolic inhibition
- Author
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Balut, C., primary, vandeVen, M., additional, Despa, S., additional, Lambrichts, I., additional, Ameloot, M., additional, Steels, P., additional, and Smets, I., additional
- Published
- 2008
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23. Towards a Real-Time, Label-Free, Diamond-Based DNA Sensor
- Author
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Vermeeren, V., primary, Bijnens, N., additional, Wenmackers, S., additional, Daenen, M., additional, Haenen, K., additional, Williams, O. A., additional, Ameloot, M., additional, vandeVen, M., additional, Wagner, P., additional, and Michiels, L., additional
- Published
- 2007
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24. CHLOROPHYLL A FLUORESCENCE LIFETIME DISTRIBUTIONS IN OPEN AND CLOSED PHOTOSYSTEM-II REACTION CENTER PREPARATIONS
- Author
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GOVINDJEE, VANDEVEN, M, PRESTON, C, SEIBERT, M, and GRATTON, E
- Published
- 1990
25. Compact laser scanning confocal microscope
- Author
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Beghuin, D., primary, vandeVen, M., additional, Ameloot, M., additional, Claessens, D., additional, and Van Oostveldt, P., additional
- Published
- 2005
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26. Impedimetric immunosensors based on the conjugated polymer PPV
- Author
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Cooreman, P., primary, Thoelen, R., additional, Manca, J., additional, vandeVen, M., additional, Vermeeren, V., additional, Michiels, L., additional, Ameloot, M., additional, and Wagner, P., additional
- Published
- 2005
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27. Compact laser scanning confocal microscope.
- Author
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Beghuin, D., vandeVen, M., Ameloot, M., Claessens, D., and Van Oostveldt, P.
- Published
- 2005
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- View/download PDF
28. Modeling the Growth Boundary of Listeria monocytogenes in Ready-to-Eat Cooked Meat Products as a Function of the Product Salt, Moisture, Potassium Lactate, and Sodium Diacetate Concentrations.
- Author
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Legan, J. D., Seman, D. L., Milkowski, A. L., Hirschey, J. A., and Vandeven, M. H.
- Subjects
LISTERIA monocytogenes ,SALT ,LACTATES ,CARBOXYLIC acids ,MEAT ,MOISTURE - Abstract
A central composite response surface design was used to determine the time to growth of Listeria monocytogenes as a function of four continuous variables: added sodium chloride (0.8 to 3.6%), sodium diacetate (0 to 0.2%), potassium lactate syrup (60% [wt/wt]; 0.25 to 9.25%), and finished-product moisture (45.5 to 83.5%) in ready-to-eat cured meat products. The design was repeated for ready-to-eat uncured meat products giving a fifth categorical variable for cure status. Products were stored at 4°C. The results were modeled using a generalized regression approach. All five main effects, six two-factor interactions, and two quadratic terms were statistically significant. The model was used to show the boundary between growth and no-growth conditions at 4°C using contour plots of time to growth. it was validated using independent challenge studies of cured and uncured products. Generally, the model predicted well, particularly for cured products, where it will be useful for establishing conditions that prevent the growth of L. monocytogenes. For uncured products, there was good agreement overall between predicted and observed times to growth, but the model is less thoroughly validated than for cured products. The model should initially only be used for screening of formulations likely to prevent growth of Listeria monocytogenes in uncured products, with recommendations subject to confirmation by challenge studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
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29. Determining the concentration of microorganisms controlled by attributes sampling plans
- Author
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Legan, J. D., Vandeven, M. H., Dahms, S., and Cole, M. B.
- Published
- 2001
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30. DPH LIFETIME DISTRIBUTIONS IN VESICLES CONTAINING PHOSPHOLIPID HYDROPEROXIDES
- Author
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WRATTEN, ML, GRATTON, E, VANDEVEN, M, and SEVANIAN, A
- Published
- 1989
31. Camptothecin poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide] copolymers in antitopoisomerase-I tumor therapy: Intratumor release and antitumor efficacy
- Author
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Moreno Zamai, Vandeven, M., Farao, M., Gratton, E., Ghiglieri, A., Castelli, M. G., Fontana, E., D Argy, R., Fiorino, A., Pesenti, E., Suarato, A., and Caiolfa, V. R.
32. PMP22 duplication dysregulates lipid homeostasis and plasma membrane organization in developing human Schwann cells.
- Author
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Prior R, Silva A, Vangansewinkel T, Idkowiak J, Tharkeshwar AK, Hellings TP, Michailidou I, Vreijling J, Loos M, Koopmans B, Vlek N, Agaser C, Kuipers TB, Michiels C, Rossaert E, Verschoren S, Vermeire W, de Laat V, Dehairs J, Eggermont K, van den Biggelaar D, Bademosi AT, Meunier FA, vandeVen M, Van Damme P, Mei H, Swinnen JV, Lambrichts I, Baas F, Fluiter K, Wolfs E, and Van Den Bosch L
- Subjects
- Humans, Animals, Mice, Sciatic Nerve metabolism, Gene Duplication, Schwann Cells metabolism, Myelin Proteins metabolism, Myelin Proteins genetics, Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease genetics, Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease metabolism, Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease pathology, Homeostasis physiology, Lipid Metabolism physiology, Cell Membrane metabolism, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells metabolism
- Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A) is the most common inherited peripheral neuropathy caused by a 1.5 Mb tandem duplication of chromosome 17 harbouring the PMP22 gene. This dose-dependent overexpression of PMP22 results in disrupted Schwann cell myelination of peripheral nerves. To obtain better insights into the underlying pathogenic mechanisms in CMT1A, we investigated the role of PMP22 duplication in cellular homeostasis in CMT1A mouse models and in patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells differentiated into Schwann cell precursors (iPSC-SCPs). We performed lipidomic profiling and bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on sciatic nerves of two developing CMT1A mouse models and on CMT1A patient-derived iPSC-SCPs. For the sciatic nerves of the CMT1A mice, cholesterol and lipid metabolism was downregulated in a dose-dependent manner throughout development. For the CMT1A iPSC-SCPs, transcriptional analysis unveiled a strong suppression of genes related to autophagy and lipid metabolism. Gene ontology enrichment analysis identified disturbances in pathways related to plasma membrane components and cell receptor signalling. Lipidomic analysis confirmed the severe dysregulation in plasma membrane lipids, particularly sphingolipids, in CMT1A iPSC-SCPs. Furthermore, we identified reduced lipid raft dynamics, disturbed plasma membrane fluidity and impaired cholesterol incorporation and storage, all of which could result from altered lipid storage homeostasis in the patient-derived CMT1A iPSC-SCPs. Importantly, this phenotype could be rescued by stimulating autophagy and lipolysis. We conclude that PMP22 duplication disturbs intracellular lipid storage and leads to a more disordered plasma membrane owing to an alteration in the lipid composition, which might ultimately lead to impaired axo-glial interactions. Moreover, targeting lipid handling and metabolism could hold promise for the treatment of patients with CMT1A., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain.)
- Published
- 2024
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33. Pilot clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of a professionally delivered high fluoride varnish on erosive tooth wear in an in-situ model.
- Author
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Bartlett DW, Jadeja SP, Austin RS, Charalambous P, Stewart B, Ruan Q, Won B, Dogu N, Vandeven M, and Lavender S
- Subjects
- Male, Female, Humans, Fluorides therapeutic use, Sodium Fluoride pharmacology, Sodium Fluoride therapeutic use, Fluorides, Topical pharmacology, Fluorides, Topical therapeutic use, Pilot Projects, Tooth Erosion prevention & control, Tooth Erosion drug therapy, Tooth Wear
- Abstract
Objectives: The aim for this pilot study was to investigate the effect of a sodium fluoride varnish on step height measured by a profilometer from human enamel worn by healthy volunteers with a novel in situ/ex vivo erosion design., Method: Healthy volunteers aged 18-70 years wore a palatal splint containing 8 human enamel samples and underwent two 3-day treatment periods for 6 h a day with a varnish containing sodium fluoride at 22,600 ppm and the control with the same ingredients but without fluoride. Each splint contained 4 polished and 4 unpolished samples. The interventions were applied to the surface of the enamel samples in randomised order, removed after 6 h, then immersed ex-vivo in 1 %, pH 2.7 citric acid for 2 min, repeated 4 times a day, over 2 days. Measurements of enamel were assessed blindly by microhardness on day 2 and by non-contact laser profilometry on day 3 for the two treatments., Results: 24 volunteers, 2 males and 22 females aged 27-54 years, were screened and recruited. The delta microhardness, from polished samples removed at the end of day 2, for the control and fluoride treatment was 95.7 (22.9) kgf/mm
2 and 123.7 (28.9) kgf/mm2 , respectively (p < .005). The mean (SD) step height for the control polished enamel surfaces was 3.67 (2.07) µm and for the fluoride varnish was 1.79 (1.01) µm (p < .0005). The control unpolished enamel surfaces had a mean 2.09 (1.53) µm and the fluoride varnish was 2.11 (1.53) µm but no statistical difference was detected., Conclusions: The results from this pilot study, utilizing an in-situ model where enamel was exposed to acid over the course of 2 days, demonstrated that a high fluoride varnish containing sodium fluoride at 22,600 ppm prevented erosive wear compared to a control on the polished enamel surfaces., Clinical Significance: Intra-oral study demonstrated that a high fluoride varnish containing sodium fluoride at 22,600 ppm reduced erosive tooth wear., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)- Published
- 2024
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34. Dopamine-mediated striatal activity and function is enhanced in GlyRα2 knockout animals.
- Author
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Devoght J, Comhair J, Morelli G, Rigo JM, D'Hooge R, Touma C, Palme R, Dewachter I, vandeVen M, Harvey RJ, Schiffmann SN, Piccart E, and Brône B
- Abstract
The glycine receptor alpha 2 (GlyRα2) is a ligand-gated ion channel which upon activation induces a chloride conductance. Here, we investigated the role of GlyRα2 in dopamine-stimulated striatal cell activity and behavior. We show that depletion of GlyRα2 enhances dopamine-induced increases in the activity of putative dopamine D1 receptor-expressing striatal projection neurons, but does not alter midbrain dopamine neuron activity. We next show that the locomotor response to d-amphetamine is enhanced in GlyRα2 knockout animals, and that this increase correlates with c-fos expression in the dorsal striatum. 3-D modeling revealed an increase in the neuronal ensemble size in the striatum in response to D-amphetamine in GlyRα2 KO mice. Finally, we show enhanced appetitive conditioning in GlyRα2 KO animals that is likely due to increased motivation, but not changes in associative learning or hedonic response. Taken together, we show that GlyRα2 is an important regulator of dopamine-stimulated striatal activity and function., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (Crown Copyright © 2023.)
- Published
- 2023
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35. Image Correlation Spectroscopy with Second Harmonic Generating Nanoparticles in Suspension and in Cells.
- Author
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Slenders E, Bové H, Urbain M, Mugnier Y, Sonay AY, Pantazis P, Bonacina L, Vanden Berghe P, vandeVen M, and Ameloot M
- Subjects
- A549 Cells, Humans, Temperature, Water chemistry, Cells ultrastructure, Nanoparticles chemistry, Niobium chemistry, Oxides chemistry, Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy methods, Spectrum Analysis methods
- Abstract
The absence of photobleaching, blinking, and saturation combined with a high contrast provides unique advantages of higher-harmonic generating nanoparticles over fluorescent probes, allowing for prolonged correlation spectroscopy studies. We apply the coherent intensity fluctuation model to study the mobility of second harmonic generating nanoparticles. A concise protocol is presented for quantifying the diffusion coefficient from a single spectroscopy measurement without the need for separate point-spread-function calibrations. The technique's applicability is illustrated on nominally 56 nm LiNbO
3 nanoparticles. We perform label-free raster image correlation spectroscopy imaging in aqueous suspension and spatiotemporal image correlation spectroscopy in A549 human lung carcinoma cells. In good agreement with the expected theoretical result, the measured diffusion coefficient in water at room temperature is (7.5 ± 0.3) μm2 /s. The diffusion coefficient in the cells is more than 103 times lower and heterogeneous, with an average of (3.7 ± 1.5) × 10-3 μm2 /s.- Published
- 2018
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36. Short- and Long-Term Effects of a Dentifrice Containing Dual Zinc plus Arginine on Intra-Oral Halitosis: Improvements in Breath Quality.
- Author
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Saad S, Fitzgerald M, Hewett K, Greenman J, Vandeven M, Trivedi HM, and Masters JG
- Subjects
- Analysis of Variance, Humans, Arginine therapeutic use, Dentifrices therapeutic use, Halitosis therapy, Zinc therapeutic use
- Abstract
Objectives: These studies aimed to assess the short-term (12-hour, single use) and long-term (four weeks, continuous use) efficacy of a new Dual Zinc plus Arginine dentifrice against intra-oral halitosis versus a negative control., Methods: Two clinical studies were conducted to assess the dentifrice: a four-week, continuous use parallel design versus a negative control and a single use crossover design versus a negative control. Both studies used organoleptic and hedonic odor judge scores measured 12 hours overnight after product use as the primary efficacy variable. Additionally, the single use study employed SIFT-MS to quantify the intra-oral concentration of volatile sulfur compounds as a complementary measure of efficacy., Results: In both studies, the Dual Zinc plus Arginine dentifrice provided statistically significant improvements in breath quality across all measures versus a negative control., Conclusions: Improvements in breath quality were attributed to the effects of zinc cations delivered by the uniquely formulated dentifrice., Competing Interests: Michael Fitzgerald, Mark Vandeven, Harsh M. Trivedi, and James G. Masters are currently employees of the Colgate-Palmolive Company. Saliha Saad, Keith Hewett, and John Greenman are collaborative researchers at the University of West England. There is no conflict of interest in this work., (Copyright© by the YES Group, Inc.)
- Published
- 2018
37. Dynamics of the phospholipid shell of microbubbles: a fluorescence photoselection and spectral phasor approach.
- Author
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Slenders E, Seneca S, Pramanik SK, Smisdom N, Adriaensens P, vandeVen M, Ethirajan A, and Ameloot M
- Abstract
The lipid organization of microbubbles is important in many applications. By monitoring the photoselection and emission spectrum of the fluorescent probe Laurdan in perfluorobutane gas-filled DPPC microbubbles with a two-photon laser scanning microscope, we observed a transition to a more rigid lipid organization in 30 minutes to several hours.
- Published
- 2018
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38. Rapid and label-free optical detection of individual carbon air pollutant nanoparticulates in biomedical samples.
- Author
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Steuwe C, Bové H, Clerinx J, vandeVen M, Fron E, Nawrot T, Ameloot M, and Roeffaers M
- Subjects
- Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Optical Imaging, Time Factors, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollutants chemistry, Microscopy, Nanoparticles analysis, Optical Phenomena, Soot analysis, Soot chemistry
- Abstract
Carbonaceous particle exposure and air pollution in general lead to a multitude of adverse human health effects and pose multiple challenges in terms of exposure, risk and safety assessment. Highly desirable for fast screening are label-free approaches for detecting these particle types in biological or medical context. We report a powerful approach for detecting carbonaceous particles using photothermal pump-probe microscopy, which directly probes their strong light absorption. The principle and reliability of this approach is demonstrated by examining 4 different carbon black (CB) species modeling soot with diameters ranging from 13 to 500 nm. Our results show that the proposed approach is applicable to a large number of CB types as well as black carbon. As the particles show a strong absorption over a wide spectral range as compared to other absorbing species, we can image CB particles almost background free. Our pump-probe approach allows label-free optical detection and unambiguous localization of CB particles in (bio)fluids and 3D cellular environments. In combination with fluorescence microscopy, this method allows for simultaneous colocalization of CB with different cellular components using fluorophores as shown here for human lung fibroblasts. We further demonstrate the versatility of pump-probe detection in a flow cell., (© 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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39. Noninvasive measurement of reepithelialization and microvascularity of suction-blister wounds with benchmarking to histology.
- Author
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Larsen HF, Ahlström MG, Gjerdrum LMR, Mogensen M, Ghathian K, Calum H, Sørensen AL, Forman JL, Vandeven M, Holerca MN, Du-Thumm L, Jorgensen LN, and Ågren MS
- Subjects
- Adult, Astringents pharmacology, Astringents therapeutic use, Benchmarking, Blister diagnostic imaging, Blister drug therapy, Blister microbiology, Cell Membrane drug effects, Cell Membrane metabolism, Cells, Cultured, Double-Blind Method, Epidermis injuries, Epidermis microbiology, Female, Healthy Volunteers, Humans, Keratinocytes drug effects, Keratinocytes metabolism, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase drug effects, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Pain physiopathology, Staphylococcus isolation & purification, Suction, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Young Adult, Zinc Sulfate pharmacology, Zinc Sulfate therapeutic use, Blister pathology, Epidermis pathology, Microvessels pathology, Re-Epithelialization
- Abstract
We explored use of the suction-blister wound model in the assessment of not only epidermal regeneration but also pain, the microvascular response and bacteriology. The effects of topical zinc sulfate were studied to articulate the methodologies in this double-blind trial. One epidermal suction blister (10 mm) was induced on each buttock in 30 healthy volunteers (15 females:15 males) and deroofed on day 0. The wounds were randomized to daily treatment with 1.4% zinc sulfate shower gel (n = 20), placebo (n = 20) or control (n = 20). Digital photography coupled with planimetry, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurement and optical coherence tomography (OCT) was benchmarked to the gold standard of histology of 60 full-thickness wound biopsies on day 4. Pain increased after application of the shower gels. Microvessel density, determined from OCT images, increased from day 0 to day 2 in the three groups but increased more with the placebo than with the zinc shower gel (p = 0.003) or the control treatment (p = 0.002) and correlated (r
S = 0.313, p = 0.015) with the inflammatory response on day 4, as determined by histology. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were more common in wounds compared with skin (p = 0.002) and was reduced (p = 0.030) with zinc sulfate treatment. Planimetric analysis of digital wound images was not biased (p = 0.234) compared with histology, and TEWL measurements showed no correlation (rS = 0.052, p = 0.691) with epithelialization. Neoepidermal formation, determined by histology, did not differ (p = 0.290) among the groups. Zinc sulfate reduced (p = 0.031) the release of lactate dehydrogenase from cultured gel-treated keratinocytes isolated from the blister roofs. Therefore, combination of the standardized suction-blister wound model with noninvasive planimetry and OCT is a useful tool for assessing wound therapies. Zinc sulfate transiently dampened inflammation and reduced bacterial growth., (© 2018 by the Wound Healing Society.)- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. A Comparative Study of Laboratory Dentifrice Abrasion Measuring Methods.
- Author
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Prencipe M, Vandeven M, Feldman BN, and Schemehorn BR
- Subjects
- Dentin, Humans, Toothpastes, Dentifrices, Tooth Abrasion, Toothbrushing
- Abstract
Objectives: Recently, a profilometry-based method for measuring toothpaste dentin abrasivity has been proposed to be equivalent to the traditional radiotracer RDA (relative dentin abrasion) procedure. This review outlines the findings and comparative assessment of laboratory studies used to measure the abrasivity of commercially available whitening dentifrices on human dentin. Traditional radiotracer and profilometry RDA-PE (Profilometry Equivalent) methods were assessed, with the objective of determining how they compare, and also to learn if the two techniques yield RDA values that are consistent with each other, specifically in ranking and potential for discrimination of three commercially available silica-based products. Chosen were regular toothpaste and two whitening dentifrices having abrasive properties against dentin ranging from medium to high., Methods: Dentin specimens underwent standard preparation, preconditioning, and abrasivity testing according to the ISO 11609 requirements for radiotracer method and RDA-PE. Three test dentifrices were used, each product containing various abrasive and polyphosphate agents, namely: Whitening Product A: Hydrated silica with disodium pyrophosphate (Crest® 3D Luxe); Product B: Hydrated silica (Crest® Cavity Protection); and Whitening Product C: Hydrated silica with tetrasodium pyrophosphate (Colgate® Ultrabrite Advanced Whitening). The products were chosen since they gave a range of RDA values from mid to high when compared with an ADA reference material that is given a value of 100., Results: The data were subjected to statistical and SNK (Student-Newman-Keuls) analyses. Both procedures yielded numerical RDA values that permitted a ranking of the three test dentifrices. However, there was no direct correlation of the RDA values obtained by profilometry with those from the conventional radiotracer method. Significantly, one dentifrice rated as most abrasive using the radiotracer method was rated as moderately abrasive using profilometry. Additionally, there was loss of statistical significance and discrimination between products with RDA-PE., Conclusions: Given the lack of agreement between radiotracer and profilometry for the products tested in this study,it would appear that the RDA-PE method may not be equivalent to the traditional RDA radiotracer method, specifically in the higher abrasivity range., Competing Interests: Drs.Prencipe and Vandeven are employees of the Colgate-Palmolive Company. Dr. Feldman is Vice-President of Core Message Incorporated and a consultant to the Colgate-Palmolive Company. Mr. Schemehorn is an employee of Therametric Technologies.
- Published
- 2016
41. Biocompatible Label-Free Detection of Carbon Black Particles by Femtosecond Pulsed Laser Microscopy.
- Author
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Bové H, Steuwe C, Fron E, Slenders E, D'Haen J, Fujita Y, Uji-I H, vandeVen M, Roeffaers M, and Ameloot M
- Abstract
Although adverse health effects of carbon black (CB) exposure are generally accepted, a direct, label-free approach for detecting CB particles in fluids and at the cellular level is still lacking. Here, we report nonincandescence related white-light (WL) generation by dry and suspended carbon black particles under illumination with femtosecond (fs) pulsed near-infrared light as a powerful tool for the detection of these carbonaceous materials. This observation is done for four different CB species with diameters ranging from 13 to 500 nm, suggesting this WL emission under fs near-infrared illumination is a general property of CB particles. As the emitted radiation spreads over the whole visible spectrum, detection is straightforward and flexible. The unique property of the described WL emission allows optical detection and unequivocal localization of CB particles in fluids and in cellular environments while simultaneously colocalizing different cellular components using various specific fluorophores as shown here using human lung fibroblasts. The experiments are performed on a typical multiphoton laser-scanning microscopy platform, widely available in research laboratories.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Coherent intensity fluctuation model for autocorrelation imaging spectroscopy with higher harmonic generating point scatterers-a comprehensive theoretical study.
- Author
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Slenders E, vandeVen M, Hooyberghs J, and Ameloot M
- Subjects
- Diffusion, Fluorescence, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, Models, Chemical
- Abstract
We present a general analytical model for the intensity fluctuation autocorrelation function for second and third harmonic generating point scatterers. Expressions are derived for a stationary laser beam and for scanning beam configurations for specific correlation methodologies. We discuss free translational diffusion in both three and two dimensions. At low particle concentrations, the expressions for fluorescence are retrieved, while at high particle concentrations a rescaling of the function parameters is required for a stationary illumination beam, provided that the phase shift per unit length of the beam equals zero.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. A 12-week clinical study assessing the clinical effects on plaque metabolism of a dentifrice containing 1.5% arginine, an insoluble calcium compound and 1,450 ppm fluoride.
- Author
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Santarpia RP 3rd, Lavender S, Gittins E, Vandeven M, Cummins D, and Sullivan R
- Subjects
- Adult, Ammonia analysis, Cariogenic Agents pharmacology, Cariostatic Agents therapeutic use, Dental Plaque chemistry, Double-Blind Method, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Lactic Acid analysis, Male, Middle Aged, Silicic Acid therapeutic use, Sodium Fluoride therapeutic use, Sucrose pharmacology, Toothpastes therapeutic use, Young Adult, Arginine therapeutic use, Calcium Phosphates therapeutic use, Dental Plaque metabolism, Dentifrices therapeutic use, Fluorides therapeutic use, Phosphates therapeutic use
- Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical effect on plaque metabolism of a dentifrice containing 1.5% arginine, an insoluble calcium compound and 1,450 ppm fluoride compared to a commercially available dentifrice containing 1,450 ppm fluoride in a silica base., Methods: A 12-week, parallel, randomized, double-blind study using 48 subjects was conducted at the Colgate-Palmolive Technology Center (Piscataway, NJ, USA). One group used a test dentifrice containing 1.5% arginine, an insoluble calcium compound and 1,450 ppm fluoride as sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP), and the other group used a commercial silica dentifrice with 1,450 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride (NaF) as a control. Plaque metabolism analyses were conducted at baseline and after 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 weeks of assigned product use. The plaque analyses included pH measurements before and after a sucrose rinse, ammonia production and lactic acid production., Results: Subjects using the test dentifrice had significantly higher plaque pH values before (P< or = 0.01) and after (P< or = 0.045) a sucrose challenge than those using the commercially available control dentifrice. Subjects using the test dentifrice also produced higher levels of ammonia and lower levels of lactic acid compared to subjects using the control dentifrice.
- Published
- 2014
44. The development of a new desensitising mouthwash containing arginine, PVM/MA copolymer, pyrophosphates, and sodium fluoride--a hydraulic conductance study.
- Author
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Mello SV, Arvanitidou E, and Vandeven M
- Subjects
- Diphosphates chemical synthesis, Drug Combinations, Drug Compounding, Humans, Hydrodynamics, Sodium Fluoride chemical synthesis, Arginine chemical synthesis, Calcium Carbonate chemical synthesis, Dentin Desensitizing Agents chemical synthesis, Fluorides chemical synthesis, Maleates chemical synthesis, Mouthwashes chemical synthesis, Phosphates chemical synthesis, Polyethylenes chemical synthesis
- Abstract
Objective: To investigate the ability of a novel mouthwash comprised of 0.8% arginine, PVM/MA copolymer, pyrophosphates, and 0.05% sodium fluoride in an alcohol-free base (Pro-Argin™ Mouthwash Technology) to reduce dentine permeability., Methods: Hydraulic conductance was used to assess the dentine permeability effects of the arginine mouthwash. Aqueous solutions containing arginine and PVM/MA copolymer were studied in the initial stage of the method development. The acid resistance was tested with a cola drink challenge. Finally, a blinded study was carried out to determine the occlusion of the arginine mouthwash in comparison to a negative control mouthwash., Results: Dentine discs treated with the arginine mouthwash showed an average fluid reduction of 42%, which was statistically, significantly better than the fluid reduction for the negative control mouthwash. In addition, experiments using simple solutions of arginine and PVM/MA copolymer, alone and in combination, demonstrated that the combination of the two was required to provide a relevant occlusion benefit. Finally, the occlusion provided by the arginine mouthwash was maintained after exposure to an acid challenge., Conclusion: The exclusive combination of ingredients in the arginine mouthwash has been proven to be efficacious in decreasing dentine fluid flow as measured by hydraulic conductance. The new mouthwash works by occlusion, due to the unique combination of arginine, PVM/MA copolymer and pyrophosphates., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. In situ clinical effects of new dentifrices containing 1.5% arginine and fluoride on enamel de- and remineralization and plaque metabolism.
- Author
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Cantore R, Petrou I, Lavender S, Santarpia P, Liu Z, Gittins E, Vandeven M, Cummins D, Sullivan R, and Utgikar N
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Ammonium Compounds metabolism, Arginine metabolism, Calcium therapeutic use, Calcium Carbonate therapeutic use, Calcium Phosphates therapeutic use, Cross-Over Studies, Double-Blind Method, Female, Hardness, Humans, Lactic Acid metabolism, Male, Microradiography, Middle Aged, Minerals analysis, Sucrose metabolism, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Arginine therapeutic use, Cariostatic Agents therapeutic use, Dental Enamel drug effects, Dental Plaque metabolism, Dentifrices therapeutic use, Fluorides therapeutic use, Phosphates therapeutic use, Tooth Demineralization prevention & control, Tooth Remineralization methods
- Abstract
Objective: The primary objective of the three studies reported in this paper was to evaluate the effects of new dentifrices containing 1.5% arginine, an insoluble calcium compound, and fluoride for their ability to promote remineralization of demineralized enamel, and to prevent mineral loss from sound enamel specimens. A secondary objective was to determine the effects on plaque metabolism with respect to the conversion of arginine to ammonia and sucrose to lactic acid., Methods: In Study 1, an intraoral remineralization/demineralization clinical model was used to assess the ability to promote remineralization of enamel of two dentifrices containing 1.5% arginine and 1450 ppm fluoride, as sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP), relative to a positive control with dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (Dical) and 1450 ppm fluoride, and a negative control with Dical and 250 ppm fluoride. One of the arginine-containing dentifrices contained Dical, and the other contained calcium carbonate as the source of insoluble calcium. Microradiography and image analysis were used to measure mineral changes. The study used a double-blind crossover design with a two-week treatment period. Each treatment period was preceded by a one-week washout period. Each product was used twice a day for two weeks. In the two other studies, the ability of dentifrices containing 1.5% arginine and fluoride to prevent demineralization of sound enamel blocks was assessed using an intraoral demineralization/remineralization clinical model and a double-blind crossover design with a five-day treatment period. A one-week minimum washout period preceded each treatment phase. Microhardness was used to assess mineral changes. Cariogenic challenges were administered by dipping each intraoral retainer into a 10% sucrose solution four times per day. Each product was used twice per day during the treatment period. Plaque was harvested from the specimens to measure the ability of the plaque to convert arginine to ammonia (Studies 2 and 3) and sucrose to lactic acid (Study 3) at the end of each treatment period. In Study 2, a dentifrice containing 1.5% arginine, Dical, and 1450 ppm fluoride as MFP was compared to a matched positive control containing 1450 ppm fluoride and to a matched negative control containing 250 ppm fluoride. In Study 3, a dentifrice containing 1.5% arginine, calcium carbonate, and 1000 ppm fluoride as MFP was compared to a matched positive control containing 1000 ppm fluoride and to a matched negative control containing 0 ppm fluoride., Results: In Study 1, the percent mineral changes were +18.64, +16.77, +4.08, and -24.95 for the 1.5% arginine/Dical/1450 ppm fluoride, the 1.5% arginine/calcium carbonate/1450 ppm fluoride, the positive control, and negative control dentifrices, respectively. Study validation was successfully achieved by showing that the positive control was statistically significantly better that the negative control in promoting remineralization (p = 0.0001). The two arginine-containing test products were statistically significantly better than the positive control (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in efficacy between the two arginine-containing products, indicating that efficacy in promoting remineralization was independent of the choice of Dical or calcium carbonate as the source of insoluble calcium. In Study 2, the percent demineralization values were -8.50, +1.67, and +12.64 for the 1.5% arginine/Dical/1450 ppm fluoride, the positive control, and negative control dentifrices, respectively. Study validation was successfully achieved by showing that the positive control was statistically significantly better at preventing demineralization than the negative control (p < 0.0001). The arginine-containing dentifrice was shown to be statistically significantly better at preventing enamel demineralization than the positive control (p < 0.0001). Plaque metabolism measures for plaque exposed to the three treatments gave the following values for ammonia production after an arginine-sucrose challenge, expressed in nanomoles per milligram plaque: 162.7; 105.4; and 115.9 for the 1.5% arginine/Dical/1450 ppm fluoride, positive control, and negative control dentifrices, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed between the three treatments, but the arginine-based dentifrice showed directionally higher ammonia production than both the positive and negative controls In Study 3, the percent demineralization values were +1.16, +4.96, and +15.34, for the 1.5% arginine/calcium carbonate/1 000 ppm fluoride, the positive control, and negative control dentifrices, respectively. Study validation was successfully achieved by showing that the positive control was statistically significantly better at preventing demineralization than the negative control (p < 0.0001). The arginine-containing dentifrice was shown to be statistically significantly better at preventing enamel demineralization than the positive control (p < 0.05). Plaque metabolism measures for plaque exposed to the three treatments gave the following values for ammonia production after an arginine-sucrose challenge, expressed in nanomoles per milligram plaque: 99.6; 56.2; and 42.2 for the 1.5% arginine/calcium carbonate/1000 ppm fluoride, the positive control, and negative control dentifrices, respectively. Plaque treated with the arginine- containing dentifrice produced significantly more ammonia than the positive and negative control dentifrices (p < 0.05). No significant difference in ammonia production was observed between the two controls. Lactic acid production after a sucrose challenge gave the following values, expressed as nanomoles per milligram plaque: 4.06; 5.12; and 4.64 for the 1.5% arginine/calcium carbonate/1000 ppm fluoride, the positive control, and negative control dentifrices, respectively. No significant difference was observed between the three treatments, but the arginine-based treatment showed directionally lower lactic acid production., Results: The results of these three studies show that dentifrices containing 1.5% arginine, an insoluble calcium compound, and fluoride have a significantly improved ability to promote remineralization and prevent demineralization of enamel relative to dentifrices containing the same level of fluoride alone. Two different sources of insoluble calcium were evaluated, Dical and calcium carbonate. Dentifrices with Dical and with calcium carbonate, each in combination with 1.5% arginine and fluoride, provided superior efficacy as compared to matched dentifrices with fluoride alone, and the two products demonstrated comparable efficacy in promoting remineralization. The results of these studies demonstrate that the addition of 1.5% arginine to Dical-and calcium carbonate-based fluoride dentifrices provides superior efficacy in preventing demineralization and promoting remineralization, and, further, indicate that he arginine-containing dentifrices enhance the ability of plaque to metabolize arginine to ammonia.
- Published
- 2013
46. In vivo effects of a new dentifrice containing 1.5% arginine and 1450 ppm fluoride on plaque metabolism.
- Author
-
Wolff M, Corby P, Klaczany G, Santarpia P, Lavender S, Gittins E, Vandeven M, Cummins D, and Sullivan R
- Subjects
- Ammonia metabolism, Calcium therapeutic use, Double-Blind Method, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Lactic Acid metabolism, Silicon Dioxide therapeutic use, Sodium Fluoride therapeutic use, Sucrose metabolism, Arginine therapeutic use, Cariostatic Agents therapeutic use, Dental Plaque metabolism, Dentifrices therapeutic use, Fluorides therapeutic use, Phosphates therapeutic use
- Abstract
Objective: This paper presents the results of a clinical study assessing the in vivo effects on plaque metabolism of a new dentifrice containing 1.5% arginine, an insoluble calcium compound, and 1450 ppm fluoride compared to a commercially available dentifrice containing 1450 ppm fluoride alone., Methods: A four-week, parallel, randomized, double-blind clinical study using 54 subjects was conducted at the New York University College of Dentistry Bluestone Center for Clinical Research. Two study groups used the following products for two weeks: 1) a dentifrice containing 1.5% arginine, an insoluble calcium compound, and 1450 ppm fluoride as sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP; test); and 2) a commercial silica dentifrice with 1450 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride (NaF; control). In the following two-week period, all subjects used the control product. The effects of product use on plaque metabolism in vivo were assessed by conducting ex vivo analyses at baseline, after two weeks of assigned product use, and after two weeks of control product use. These plaque analyses comprised pH measurements before and after an in vivo sucrose rinse, and measurements of ammonia production and lactate production., Results: The study showed that subjects using the test dentifrice, containing 1.5% arginine, an insoluble calcium compound, and 1450 ppm fluoride, had significantly higher plaque pH values before the sucrose challenge than those using the commercially available control dentifrice (p < or = 0.01). Plaque samples from subjects using the arginine-containing dentifrice also produced significantly higher levels of ammonia (p < or = 0.01). Subjects using the arginine-containing dentifrice also had a directionally higher plaque pH after the sucrose challenge, and their plaque samples produced a directionally lower level of lactate during the two-week treatment period compared to subjects using the control dentifrice. Following two weeks of subsequent use of the control product, there were no significant differences in plaque metabolism measures between groups., Conclusion: A new dentifrice containing 1.5% arginine, an insoluble calcium compound, and 1450 ppm fluoride has been shown in this study to modulate plaque metabolism, increasing ammonia production and decreasing lactate production, thereby increasing plaque pH to help restore a pH-neutral environment.
- Published
- 2013
47. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching on the confocal laser-scanning microscope: generalized model without restriction on the size of the photobleached disk.
- Author
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Smisdom N, Braeckmans K, Deschout H, vandeVen M, Rigo JM, De Smedt SC, and Ameloot M
- Subjects
- Algorithms, Artifacts, Dextrans chemistry, Diffusion, Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate analogs & derivatives, Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate chemistry, Least-Squares Analysis, Photobleaching, Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching methods, Microscopy, Confocal methods, Models, Chemical
- Abstract
Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) carried out on a confocal laser-scanning microscope (CLSM) performs well for photobleached disks that are large compared to the resolution of the bleaching beam. For smaller disks approaching this resolution, current FRAP models providing a closed-form solution do not allow one to extract the diffusion coefficient accurately. The new generalized disk model we present addresses this shortcoming by bringing into account the bleaching resolution and the total confocal imaging resolution. A closed-form solution is obtained under the assumption of linear photobleaching. Furthermore, simultaneous analysis of FRAP data collected at various disk sizes allows for the intrinsic determination of the instrumental resolution parameters, thereby obviating the need for an extrinsic calibration. A new method to estimate the variance of FRAP data is introduced to allow for proper weighting in this global analysis approach by nonlinear least squares. Experiments are performed on two independent CLSMs on homogeneous samples providing validation over a large range of diffusion coefficients.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. In vitro antibacterial efficacy of cetylpyridinium chloride-containing mouthwashes.
- Author
-
Schaeffer LM, Szewczyk G, Nesta J, Vandeven M, Du-Thumm L, Williams MI, and Arvanitidou E
- Subjects
- Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans drug effects, Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage, Anti-Infective Agents, Local administration & dosage, Bacterial Load drug effects, Cariostatic Agents pharmacology, Cetylpyridinium administration & dosage, Ethanol, Humans, Materials Testing, Microbial Viability drug effects, Pharmaceutical Vehicles, Single-Blind Method, Sodium Fluoride pharmacology, Streptococcus mutans drug effects, Time Factors, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Anti-Infective Agents, Local pharmacology, Cetylpyridinium pharmacology, Mouthwashes pharmacology
- Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the ability of three CPC-containing mouthwashes to kill planktonic bacteria in an in vitro short-exposure assay., Methods: This blind study was conducted on two common oral bacterial species: Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans and Streptococcus mutans. The following mouthwashes were tested: two containing 0.075% CPC and 0.05% NaF in an alcohol-free base, and one containing 0.075% CPC and 0.05% NaF plus 6% alcohol. Additionally, a 0.05% NaF-only mouthwash was included as a negative control. Bacteria were exposed to one of the test mouthwashes for 30 seconds and then washed thoroughly, serially diluted, and plated on appropriate media to determine viable bacterial counts. Viable counts were converted to a log reduction in colony forming units (CFUs) relative to the negative control., Results: All three test mouthwashes included in this study gave a statistically significant reduction of > 3 log CFUs relative to samples treated with the negative control., Conclusion: All three experimental 0.075% CPC mouthwash formulas gave a > 99.9% reduction in viable bacteria of both species following 30 seconds of treatment.
- Published
- 2011
49. Comparison of the effects on dentin permeability of two commercially available sensitivity relief dentifrices.
- Author
-
Patel R, Chopra S, Vandeven M, and Cummins D
- Subjects
- Acetates administration & dosage, Acetates therapeutic use, Administration, Topical, Arginine administration & dosage, Arginine pharmacology, Beverages, Calcium Carbonate administration & dosage, Calcium Carbonate pharmacology, Citric Acid pharmacology, Citrus paradisi, Citrus sinensis, Dentifrices administration & dosage, Dentin drug effects, Dentin Desensitizing Agents administration & dosage, Dentinal Fluid drug effects, Drug Combinations, Fluorides administration & dosage, Fluorides therapeutic use, Fruit, Humans, Hydrodynamics, Materials Testing, Phosphates administration & dosage, Phosphates therapeutic use, Single-Blind Method, Sodium Fluoride administration & dosage, Sodium Fluoride therapeutic use, Strontium administration & dosage, Strontium therapeutic use, Toothbrushing instrumentation, Dentifrices pharmacology, Dentin Desensitizing Agents pharmacology, Dentin Permeability drug effects
- Abstract
Objective: The in vitro effects of two commercial sensitivity relief dentifrices, one containing 8.0% arginine, calcium carbonate, and 1450 ppm fluoride as sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP), and the other containing 8% strontium acetate and 1040 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride, in occluding dentin tubules and reducing dentin fluid flow were compared in a blinded study using hydraulic conductance (Flodec)., Methods: Human dentin segments were cut from extracted molars, mounted on acrylic blocks, etched, and connected to a Flodec to measure hydraulic conductance. Segments were divided into two groups (n = 6) and treated for one minute with either the arginine/calcium carbonate dentifrice or the strontium acetate dentifrice. The blocks were rinsed, connected to the Flodec, and the conductance was measured. Blocks were rinsed again and incubated in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for at least two hours before the next treatment. The cycle was repeated for a total of three treatments (one using a fingertip and the next two using a toothbrush). After the third treatment, the blocks were incubated in PBS overnight and conductance was re-measured. The two groups were further divided into three sets of two segments each, which were challenged for one minute with either 6% citric acid, orange juice, or grapefruit juice., Results: The hydraulic conductance study showed that the dentifrice containing 8.0% arginine, calcium carbonate, and 1450 ppm fluoride provided a significantly higher percentage reduction in fluid flow immediately after fingertip application, as well as after two brushing cycles, compared to the dentifrice containing 8% strontium acetate and 1040 ppm fluoride. After various acid challenges, the percentage reduction in fluid flow of dentin treated with the arginine/calcium carbonate dentifrice remained significantly higher than that of the strontium acetate dentifrice. These results are highly consistent with the results from an independent clinical study which showed that the arginine/calcium carbonate dentifrice provided dentin hypersensitivity relief immediately after direct topical application with a fingertip and massage for one minute per sensitive tooth, whereas the strontium acetate dentifrice did not., Conclusion: Based on this in vitro hydraulic conductance study, the dentifrice containing 8.0% arginine, calcium carbonate, and 1450 ppm fluoride was significantly more effective in reducing fluid flow through dentin tubules as a result of occlusion than the dentifrice containing 8% strontium acetate and 1040 ppm fluoride. Further, the superior occlusion obtained with the arginine/calcium carbonate dentifrice was resistant to acid challenge.
- Published
- 2011
50. Simvastatin interferes with process outgrowth and branching of oligodendrocytes.
- Author
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Smolders I, Smets I, Maier O, vandeVen M, Steels P, and Ameloot M
- Subjects
- 2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases metabolism, Animals, Blotting, Western, Cell Differentiation drug effects, Cell Survival, Cells, Cultured, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Immunohistochemistry, Oligodendroglia metabolism, Oligodendroglia pathology, Rats, Immunologic Factors pharmacology, Oligodendroglia drug effects, Simvastatin pharmacology
- Abstract
Statins have attracted interest as a treatment option for multiple sclerosis (MS) because of their pleiotropic antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, contradictory results have been described when they are applied to oligodendrocytes (OLGs), the cell type predominantly affected in MS. In this study we focus on the in vitro effect of statins on process outgrowth in OLN-93 cells, a well-characterized OLG-derived cell line, and primary cultures of neonatal rat OLGs. Application of the lipophilic simvastatin, as low as 0.1-1 μM, disturbs process formation of both cell types, leading to less ramified cells. We show that both protein isoprenylation and cholesterol synthesis are required for the normal differentiation of OLGs. It is further demonstrated that the expression of 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide-3' phosphodiesterase (CNP) and tubulin is lowered, concomitant with a reduction of membrane-bound CNP as well as tubulin. Therefore, we propose that lack of isoprenylation of CNP could help to explain the altered morphological and biochemical differentiation state of treated OLGs. Moreover, expression of specific myelin markers, such as myelin basic protein, myelin-associated glycoprotein, and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, was compromised after treatment. We conclude that simvastatin treatment has detrimental effects on OLG process outgrowth, the prior step in (re)myelination, thereby mortgaging long-term healing of MS lesions.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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