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Resonant ionization laser ion sources (RILIS) provide a majority of the radioactive ion beams (RIB) at research facilities as they provide high ionization efficiencies coupled with element selective ionization. Recent developments at TRIUMF's RILIS are to develop improved ionization schemes using auto-ionizing resonances, improve efficiency and reliability of RILIS operation, and to meet the increased demands by experimenters for complex beam delivery modes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Plural: History, Culture, Society is the property of Faculty of History & Geography, 'Ion Creanga' State Pedagogical University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Plural: History, Culture, Society is the property of Faculty of History & Geography, 'Ion Creanga' State Pedagogical University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The utilization of large-scale neutron detector arrays in future experiments is of vital importance to increase our understanding of β -delayed neutron emitters. A new device, DAEMON (Detector Array for Energy Measurements Of Neutrons), is being designed for the GRIFFIN decay station at TRIUMF-ISAC. DAEMON will improve the precision on the measurement of the neutron kinetic energy through the use of thin plastic scintillators, SiPMs arrays, and the Time-of-Flight technique, to enhance the current capabilities to study neutron rich nuclei at TRIUMF. The performance and feasibility of the DAEMON array was investigated using the Geant4 package to simulate and optimize the experimental design. To test the optical parameters and models implemented in the Geant4 simulations, a comparison with experimental data from small plastic scintillators combined with SiPM detectors was performed. The simulations reproduce the experimental data very well, including features introduced by summing 2 × 2-SiPM arrays in software. This work lays the foundation for simulations of the full DAEMON array. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new ISOL rare isotope beam production facility, ARIEL, is under construction at TRIUMF. ARIEL aims at increasing the delivery of radioactive beams three fold with respect to the present capability of the ISAC facility. Part of ARIEL is the new CANREB equipment that can be described by the two main functionalities: a charge breeding system that includes RFQ cooler, EBIS and Nier separator, and a high-resolution mass separator system. The latter is designed to achieve a resolving power of twenty thousand for a transmitted emittance of three micrometer. The separator optics has been designed with symmetry in order to minimize high-order aberrations. The dispersion of the system is created by two identical ninety degree magnetic dipoles with a field flatness of one part in one hundred thousand. The dipoles are tested and the magnetic field characterized before being installed on line for operation. High-order aberrations can also be corrected by an electrostatic multipole; this features a novel design as well as a new tuning technique. In this paper we will present the latest results from the field characterization and discuss the high level application to tune the multipole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Norwidiana is the property of Towarzystwo Naukowe Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego Jana Pawla II and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of U Schyłku Starożytności. Studia Źródłoznawcze is the property of Fundacja im. Rafala Taubenschlaga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The use of large-scale neutron detector arrays with high energy resolution, especially those that can be coupled with highly efficient γ -ray spectrometers, is imperative in order to increase the understanding of the decay of β -delayed neutron emitters. The DAEMON array, currently being designed for the GRIFFIN decay station at TRIUMF, will improve the precision on the neutron kinetic energy measurement enhancing the current capabilities to study neutron rich nuclei at TRIUMF. The innovative design for DAEMON uses thin fast plastic scintillators placed directly on the front of the DESCANT liquid scintillator cans. To investigate the viability of this augmentation, Geant4 was used to simulate and optimize the experimental design. Two configurations were considered; a geometry using vertical bars spanning the inner arc of DESCANT, and individual tiles matching the geometry of the DESCANT scintillator cans. The latter was found to be the most optimum design, enabling the project to enter a prototype testing phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The temperatures of isotope separator on-line targets play an important role for the overall target performance, including the yield of the radioactive ion beams and the target lifetime. At TRIUMF an optical technique is being developed to obtain accurate real-time temperature feedback from ISAC and in the future ARIEL targets during beam delivery. The light emitted from within the hot tantalum target container is captured and transmitted into a spectrometer via an ionizer opening. For accurate results an absolute irradiance calibration of the spectrometer is performed to determine the spectral power density. Then, to analyze the light spectra and calculate the maximum temperature, two mathematical methods have been applied. These methods are first evaluated using the spectrum of a light source with a known colour temperature. One method is selected and applied to a tantalum target container heated off-line at nominal temperatures and cross-checked with a thermocouple. The results of the test are in close agreement with the temperatures read by the thermocouple. This paper describes the calibration of the optical system, the methods applied, along with their results and validations. This technique will be applied to the on-line targets and correlate isotope releases with target temperatures for optimizing the delivery of short-lived radioisotopes species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Gamma–gamma angular correlation measurements are a powerful tool for identifying the angular momentum (spin) of excited nuclear states involved in a γ -ray cascade, and for measuring the multipole orders and mixing ratios of transitions. Though the physical angular correlations are fully calculable from first principles, experimental effects can make the extraction of coefficients and thus conclusions about spins and mixing ratios difficult. In this article we present data analysis techniques developed for the clover detectors of the GRIFFIN spectrometer at TRIUMF-ISAC combined with GEANT4 simulations in order to extract accurate experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Gamma-Ray Infrastructure For Fundamental Investigations of Nuclei, GRIFFIN, is a new high-efficiency γ -ray spectrometer designed for use in decay spectroscopy experiments with low-energy radioactive ion beams provided by TRIUMF's Isotope Separator and Accelerator (ISAC-I) facility. GRIFFIN is composed of sixteen Compton-suppressed large-volume clover-type high-purity germanium (HPGe) γ -ray detectors combined with a suite of ancillary detection systems and coupled to a custom digital data acquisition system. The infrastructure and detectors of the spectrometer as well as the performance characteristics and the analysis techniques applied to the experimental data are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the thermal modelling of high power isotope separation on-line (ISOL) targets at TRIUMF, an optical technique is being developed that allows for direct off-line and on-line temperature measurements of targets for radioactive isotope production. In this setup the light coming from a hot target through the ionizer opening is collected via a set of optics and coupled into a spectrometer. Thus, from the emission spectrum and Planck's law, the target temperature can be deduced. Tantalum targets were heated to high temperatures and preliminary temperature measurements confirm the correlation between the spectrum of the radiation emitted from the target and the currents used to resistively heat the targets. The final goal is to apply this technique to on-line targets and correlate the isotope releases with the target temperatures for a better understanding of the diffusion and effusion processes happening in the target and for optimizing the delivery of short-lived species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two AC magnets were installed to scan the 500 MeV proton beam in a circular pattern on the TRIUMF ISAC target. Rotating the proton beam produces a more uniform average power deposition, which increases the maximum amount of total beam power that targets can tolerate. The magnet system consists of a pair of two ferrite AC magnets that rotate the proton beam at a frequency of up to 400 Hz. A new tune was developed to produce a controllable spot size, while having an approximate parallel beam on target and a 90° phase advance between the raster magnets and the target. A set of diagnostics was developed to monitor the rotating beam. Online tests have shown that we can increase the radioactive ion beams (RIB) yields from a target while maintaining same maximum temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A comparison of the Monte Carlo based simulation codes MCNP6-1.0 and GEANT4-10.1 as used for modelling large scale structures is presented here. The high-energy neutron field at the Tri Universities Meson Facility (TRIUMF) in Vancouver, British Columbia is the structure modelled in this work. Work with the emphasis on the modelling of the facility and comparing with experimental results has been published previously, whereas this work is focussed on comparing the performance of the codes over relatively high depths of material rather than the accuracy of the results themselves in comparison to experimental data. Comparisons of three different locations within the neutron facility are modelled and presented using both codes as well as analysis of the transport of typical neutrons fields through large blocks of iron, water, lead and aluminium in order to determine where any deviations are likely to have occurred. Results indicate that over short distances, results from the two codes are in broad agreement – although over greater distances and within more complex geometries, deviation increases dramatically. The conclusions reached are that it is likely the deviations between the codes is caused by both the compounding effect of slight differences between the cross section files used by the two codes to determine the neutron transport through iron, and differences in the processes used by both codes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gamma-Ray Infrastructure For Fundamental Investigations of Nuclei, GRIFFIN, is a new experimental facility for radioactive decay studies at the TRIUMF-ISAC laboratory. This article describes the details of the custom designed GRIFFIN digital data acquisition system. The features of the system that will enable high-precision half-life and branching ratio measurements with levels of uncertainty better than 0.05% are described. The system has demonstrated the ability to effectively collect signals from High-purity germanium crystals at counting rates up to 50 kHz while maintaining good energy resolution, detection efficiency and spectral quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hilary w swoich dziełach odwołuje się nie tylko do terminologii związanej z walką, lecz również powołuje się na rzymską ceremonię triumfu. Wybiera jednak te elementy pompa triumphalis, które odnoszą się do duchowego życia człowieka i nadaje im duchowe znaczenie. Wśród nich można znaleźć wiecznego Triumfatora, pochód z jeńcami, spolia i podział łupów. Zdaniem Biskupa z Poitiers, Chrystus po stoczonej walce na krzyżu miał prawo do odbycia triumfu, który przewyższa swoją formą i znaczeniem triumf rzymski. W pochodzie towarzyszą mu święci, prorocy i apostołowie, jeńcami zaś są śmierć, diabeł i złe moce. Biskup podkreśla, że Chrystus, jako doskonały Triumfator, zaprowadził wieczny pokój i zaprasza wiernych do udziału w swoim wiecznym triumfie.

A new radiofrequency quadrupole (RFQ) based ion beam cooler and buncher is under development for the CANadian Rare-isotope facility with Electron Beam ion source (CANREB) project at TRIUMF. The CANREB project requires an RFQ buncher that will efficiently accept continuous beams of rare isotopes from either the Advanced Rare IsotopE Laboratory (ARIEL) or Isotope Separator and ACcelerator (ISAC) target by way of a high resolution magnetic spectrometer, with energies up to 60 keV and deliver bunched beams to an electron beam ion source (EBIS) for charge breeding. The energy of the bunched beam delivered to the EBIS will be adjustable to match the requirements of the existing post acceleration infrastructure. The CANREB RFQ incorporates design considerations to facilitate ease of use over a wide range of ion masses, and is intended to accommodate incident beam rates as high as 10 8 pps, delivering beam bunches at 100 Hz. An overview of the CANREB RFQ design concept will be presented, informed by results from both ion optical simulations as well as commissioning efforts with other beam cooler and buncher devices. Simulation results indicate that the design is well suited to deliver high quality bunched beams with high efficiency with as many as 10 6 ions per bunch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ISAC is an ISOL-type facility at which RIB are produced by direct reactions of 480 MeV protons from TRIUMFs main cyclotron on thick targets. Like other ISOL-type facilities, ISAC is limited to the production and delivery of a single RIB at any given time. ARIEL, the Advanced Rare-IsotopE Laboratory, will provide for the production and delivery of, ultimately, two additional RIB, the first produced by photofission on actinide targets using electrons from a new superconducting electron linac and the second by direct and indirect reactions with protons from TRIUMFs main cyclotron. This will allow for the simultaneous delivery of three independent RIB to experimental areas at ARIEL and ISAC. The shift from single-user to multi-user operation will introduce significant technical and operational challenges that RIB facilities have not yet had to address. Almost all aspects of facility operation will become more complex as the first RIB from ARIEL targets become available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Gamma-Ray Infrastructure For Fundamental Investigations of Nuclei, GRIFFIN, is a new experimental facility for radioactive decay studies at the TRIUMF-ISAC laboratory. The performance of the 16 high-purity germanium (HPGe) clover detectors that will make up the GRIFFIN spectrometer is reported. The energy resolution, efficiency, timing resolution, crosstalk and preamplifier properties of each crystal were measured using a combination of analog and digital data acquisition techniques. The absolute efficiency and add-back factors are determined for the energy range of 80–3450 keV. The detectors show excellent performance with an average over all 64 crystals of a FWHM energy resolution of 1.89(6) keV and relative efficiency with respect to a 3 in . × 3 in . NaI detector of 41(1)% at 1.3 MeV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I will first review the earlyhistory of muon spin rotation/relaxation/resonance ( μSR), from its origins in elementary particle physicsthrough its applications in fundamental physics, chemistry and materials science. Then I will review the more recentdevelopment of μSR facilities, modern muon beams and advanced techniques that have made μSR an indispensibletool for molecular and materials science, focusing on (but not restricted to) those pioneered at TRIUMF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The development of radiopharmaceuticals containing 225Ac for targeted alpha therapy is an active area of academic and commercial research worldwide., Objectives: Despite promising results from recent clinical trials, 225Ac-radiopharmaceutical development still faces significant challenges that must be overcome to realize the widespread clinical use of 225Ac. Some of these challenges include the limited availability of the isotope, the challenging chemistry required to isolate 225Ac from any co-produced isotopes, and the need for stable targeting systems with high radiolabeling yields., Results: Here we provide a review of available literature pertaining to these challenges in the 225Acradiopharmaceutical field and also provide insight into how performed and planned efforts at TRIUMF - Canada's particle accelerator centre - aim to address these issues., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.)

Vancouver, Canada, has played a role in high-tech development, especially software. Editor Michael N. Geselowitz reviews just a few of the innovations fostered in beautiful Vancouver. A visit to Vancouver might include the University of British Columbia; TRIUMF, Canada's national laboratory for particle physics; and UBC's Museum of Anthropology. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]