Search

Predmet Operacijske raziskave logističnih, transportnih in ekonomskih sistemov (ORLTES) je uvrščen v tretjestopenjski bolonjski študijski program Računalništvo in informatika kot izbirna učna enota. Ta dokument predstavlja študijsko gradivo pri tem predmetu. Na naslednji strani sledi uvod, nato je v naslednjih poglavjih podano zbrano gradivo.

Tračni transporterji predstavljajo enega najbolj osnovnih in razširjenih načinov transportiranja materiala. Zaradi njihove vsestanskosti se uporabljajo tudi za transport različnih sipkih materialov. Z razvojem računalnikov pa so se pojavili različni numerični programi, ki omogočajo simulacijo transporta materiala in lažje ter hitrejše analize v relativno kratkem času. Diplomsko delo tako predstavlja izdelavo in sestavo več tračnih transporterjev v programskem paketu Solidworks in nato analizo transporta gramoza na izbranem transporterju. Poudarek je na numeričnih simulacijah v programu EDEM, na parametrih za izvedbo simulacije in robnimi pogoji le-te. Simulacijo smo izvedli na enem transporterju pri različnih naklonih in hitrostih traka, na koncu pa smo rezultate primerjali z analitičnimi izračuni. Belt conveyors represent one of the most basic and widespread ways of transporting material. Due to their versatility, they are also used to transport various bulk materials. With the development of computers, various numerical programs have emerged that allow the simulation of material transport and easier and faster analysis in a relatively short time. The diploma thesis thus represents the production of the composition of several conveyor belts in the Solidworks software package and then analysis of gravel transport on the selected conveyor. Emphasis is placed on numerical simulations in EDEM, on the parameters for the simulation and the boundary conditions of the simulation. The simulation was performed on a single conveyor at different inclinations and speeds of the belt, and finally the results were compared with analytical calculations.

V magistrskem delu je obravnavan razvoj montažne linije za avtomatizirano sestavljanje zaslona v avtomobilski industriji. Glede na specifikacijo kupca smo izdelali sistem desetih postaj, ki sestavijo izdelek. Posebnost je, da je ta linija specificirana za čisto sobo. Na začetku magistrskega dela so predstavljene tehnologije, ki smo jih uporabili. V poglavju o metodologiji so obravnavani način snovanja in način, kako so uporabile ideje ter koncepti za izvedbo projekta. Glavni problem magistrskega dela predstavljata optimizacija in reševanje težav, ki so se pojavile med testiranjem. Vse to je obravnavano v poglavju o optimizaciji. Na koncu so prikazani dodatni preračuni in testi za končno izvedbo montažne linije, ki je pripravljena za zagon v avtomobilski industriji. This thesis deals with the development of the assembly line for assembly of a display in the automotive industry. Based on a customer’s specifications, we designed a system of 10 work stations, which will build the final product. A special characteristic of this project is the cleanroom environment. First, the theoretical part introduces all the used technologies in the project. We describe our methodology, in which we present the design process and the realization of our ideas and concepts. The main theme of this thesis is the optimization of the project and problem solving of the challenges we faced during the testing phase. Lastly, the results of additional calculations and tests are used to study the final execution of the assembly line, which is ready for launch in an automotive industry production.

This paper studies a novel autonomous vehicle-based storage and retrieval system (AVS/RS) design with movable lifts (AVS/RS/ML). In the proposed system, there are aisle-captive lifts that are able to travel along the warehouse aisle to position themselves at the target column location. Those lifts can lift up/down the autonomous vehicles to/from the target storage compartment when they are in standstill. This novel design is proposed as an alternative to existing AVS/RSs to balance the resource utilizations as well as to provide an inexpensive solution with highly utilized autonomous vehicles (i.e., AGVs). As an initial work, for this novel system, two alternative operating designs under different racking configurations are experimented. We compare those two designs by their throughput rate performance metrics under the arrival rate scenarios with highly utilized AGVs (i.e., 95%). Besides, we experiment with two warehouse capacity scenarios: 900 and 1800 storage compartments. The results show that designs with two separate I/O point locations provide a better throughput rate than designs with single I/O point location. Besides, a decreased number of columns in the system improves the system’s performance.

Traffic growth is strongly fuelled by economic growth, because without an efficient transport system the internal market and the globalization of trade cannot fully be exploited. The growth of traffic is affected primarily by two factors, namely in the passenger traffic by the increased use of cars, whereas in freight transport the traffic growth was affected by changes in the economy. The economic growth will lead to increased need for mobility it is estimated that demand will increase by 38% for freight transport services and by 24% for passenger transport (European Commission, 2001).

The paper presents an approach to the problem of railway-road level crossings. The goal is to improve safety in the transport system network, which includes a considerable number of "inadequately protected" crossings. The single crossing, in its abstract sense, is considered to be a system consisting of four subsystems: the external world, the crossing in its strict sense of the word, the railway and the road. The system analysis of the problem is based on an exhaustive set of bibliography, listed at the end of the paper. This analysis leads to many findings and those exerting the greatest impact are selected as the basis for the synthesis. The synthesis proposes a triangle of variables: time period, critical points on the railway network and the value of the risk indicator. This simple model may include also other variables by converting relevant values. The main result is the risk indicator over the network. It can be used for various scenarios, thus enabling their mutual comparison as well as application in investment studies. Članek obravnava problem nivojskih križanj železnice in ceste. Cilj je izboljšati varnost transportnega sistema, ki vključuje precejšnje število nezadovoljivo zavarovanih križanj. Nivojsko križanje sestavljajo štirje manjši deli: okolje, samo križanje, železnica in cesta. Analiza problema je osnovana na izčrpni bibliografiji, ki je navedena na koncu članka. Ugotovitve analize, ki imajo največji vpliv, so bile osnova za končne sklepe. Gre za preplet treh dejavnikov: časa, kritičnih točk na železniški mreži in tveganja. V ta model lahko vključimo tudi ostale dejavnike. Zaključek analize podaja dejavnike največjega tveganja na železnici, ki se lahko uporabijo za različne scenarije, omogočajo njihovo medsebojno primerjavo in se upoštevajo pri investicijskih študijah.

Diplomsko delo zajema predstavitev proizvodne linije v avtomobilski industriji in sicer združitev karoserije s podvozjem. Tematsko delo vkljucuje predstavitev dveh kljucnih komponent sistema. Mednju sodita Siemensov krmilnik S7-400 s njegovo programsko in strojno opremo ter škarjasta dvižna miza s integriranim transportnim sistemom. The diploma thesis includes a production line in the automotive industry and bringing together the car body with the chassis. Thematic work involves the introduction of two key components of the system. One of them is Siemens S7-400 controller with his soft- and hardware and second is scissor lift table with integrated conveyor system.

Diplomsko delo temelji na snovanju in konstruiranju transportne linije, ki je namenjena za pakiranje različnih kosov govejega mesa. Pakirna linija je zasnovana kot vmesni člen celotnega sistema za predelavo govejega mesa. Predstavljen je celoten proces od idejne zasnove in pregleda tehničnih zahtev do same izdelave transportnega sistema za pakiranje. V uvodu sta pregled obstoječega stanja pri naročniku in na trgu ter opis zahtev in omejitev. V nadaljevanju je opisan materialni tok, predvideno je potrebno število delovnih mest. Sledi preračun transportnega sistema in izbira vgradnih delov. V zaključnem delu pa sta navedena priprava tehnične dokumentacije in modeliranje, ki je potrebno za končno izdelavo samega izdelka. The thesis is based on designing and construction of the conveyor line, which is designed for packaging different parts of beef meat. A packaging line is designed as a part of the entire system for beef processing. There is a presentation of the entire process. From making a concept of design and technical requirements studying to the manufacturing of the whole system of the packaging line. In the introduction, an overview of the current situation at the customer and a review of the global market are made. There are some requirements and restrictions that we need to pay attention to. In the main part, there is a description of a material flow and a calculation about total number of employees that we need. This is followed by an analysis of each conveyor and a presentation of some inbuilt parts. Preparation of technical documentation that is needed for manufacturing and 3D modeling are described at the end.

V diplomskem delu predstavljamo pomen transportnih storitev za gospodarstvo, ki v svetu naraščajo. Globalizacija je poleg večjega trga prinesla tudi večjo konkurenco. Podjetje je lahko uspešno samo s celovitim nadzorom stroškov. V prvem delu predstavljamo vrste transporta s poudarkom na cestnem transportu ter posebnimi oblikami transportnih sistemov. Sledi opredelitev transportnih stroškov. Drugi del je namenjen predstavitvi transportne dejavnosti v podjetju Transport Pušnik, d.o.o., kjer so z uvedbo programa za sledenje izboljšali svoje poslovanje. This thesis presents the importance of transport services in the economy and its increasing role in the world. Globalization brings with bigger market also more competition . The company can only be successful with the full cost control . In the first part we present modes of transport with a focus on a road transport and the specific forms of transport systems .Next is the definition of transport costs . The second part is dedicated to the transport activities of the company Tranport Pušnik, d.o.o., where they have improved their business with the use of program for tracking.

Diplomsko delo Preračun transportne naprave opisuje načrtovanje in preračun členkastega transporterja. Na začetku diplomskega dela je uvod, v katerem so opisani namen, cilji in zahteve diplomskega dela. Temu sledi opis transportnih naprav. Glede na podane robne pogoje, ki so določeni od ostalih naprav, lahko izračunamo potrebno moč pogonskega motorja za transporter. Za konec diplomskega dela smo še modelirali transportno napravo s pomočjo programskega paketa Creo Parametric 2.0. Bistveno pri modeliranju je bilo sestavljanje pogonske enote in sestava vseh standardnih delov. Transporter je narejen tako, da prejema večje število steklenic in jih razvrsti v vrsto eno za drugo. Celotno diplomsko delo je bilo opravljeno v okviru praktičnega usposabljanja v podjetju ICS d.o.o. The diploma thesis Calculation of conveyor system, describes a designing and calculating the articulated conveyor. At the beginning of the thesis is the introduction, which describes the purpose, objectives and requirements of the thesis. This is followed by a description of the transport devices. According to the given boundary conditions, which are determined from other transport devices we can calculate the required power needed by the electric motor of the conveyor. At the end of the thesis, we have modeled the transport device using the software package Creo Parametric 2.0. It is essential for modeling the assembly of the drive unit and the composition of standard parts. Conveyor is designed to receive a greater number of bottles and placing them in series of one for the other. The entirte diploma thesis was conducted within the practical training at the company ICS d.o.o.

V diplomskem delu je predstavljena rekonstrukcija obstoječe transportne linije za transport PET steklenic. Namen rekonstrukcije transportne linije je ta, da se poveča akumulacijski prostor med polnilnim in etiketirnim strojem oziroma, da se poveča akumulacijski čas med polnilnim in etiketirnim strojem, ki je dandanes pomemben dejavnik v proizvodnem procesu. V uvodnih poglavjih so predstavljene vrste akumulacijskih transporterjev steklenic s katerimi dozežemo povečanje akumulacije, ter s tem tudi vrste verig. V osrednjem delu so prikazani preračuni obstoječega in rekonstrukcijskega stanja transportne linije. V zaključnem delu diplomskega dela je predstavljena ocena in vrednotenje uspešnosti učinkov. In this thesis is presented the reconstruction of the existing transport line for the transportation of PET bottles. The purpose of the reconstruction of the transport line is to increase the accumulation space between the filling and labeling machine or to increase the accumulation time between the filling and labeling machine, which is an important factor in the production process. In the introductory chapters are presented the types of accumulation transporters of bottles, with which we achieve an increase in accumulation, and with this also the types of chains. In the main part are presented the calculations of the existing and reconstruction state of the transport line. In the final part of the thesis is presented the rating and evaluation of the performance effects.

Diplomsko delo Transportni sistemi z vključeno akumulacijsko funkcijo opisuje transporter z lamelno verigo, transporter z akumulacijsko LBP verigo in transporter z gumi verigo. V uvodnem delu diplomskega so opisane transportne naprave in vrste akumulacijskih transporterjev. V osrednjem delu diplomskega dela je predstavljen preračun transportne linije in oblikovanje konstrukcije. V zaključnem delu diplomskega dela so prikazane zahteve regulacije transportnih sistemov z vključeno akumulacijsko funkcijo in verifikacija z različnimi transportiranimi izdelki na transporterju z LBP verigo. The diploma thesis, entitled Conveyor systems with included accumulation function, describes the lamellar chain conveyor, the LBP chain accumulation conveyor and the rubber chain conveyor. The introduction of the diploma thesis describes the conveyor equipment and different types of accumulation conveyors. The body of the thesis provides the calculation of the transport line and the construction design. Finally, the conclusion presents the requirements for the regulation of conveyor systems with included accumulation function and the verification with different products transported on the LBP chain conveyor.

Diplomsko delo z naslovom Transporter s pomičnimi valji opisuje transportiranje in akumuliranje platojev pijače na pomičnih valjčkih. Omenjeni transporter mora nadomestiti obstoječi verižni transporter na LBP-verigo. V diplomskem delu je predstavljen preračun odporov za posamezne variante transporterja. Izdelana je primerjava med posameznimi variantami in izbrana najbolj učinkovita varianta. Za najučinkovitejšo varianto so izbrani tudi konstrukcijski elementi. Na koncu je za izbrano varianto izdelana še tehnična dokumentacija. Diplomarbeit mit dem Titel Förderer mit Schiebetragrollen beschreibt die Förderung und die Akkumulation der Getränkeplateaus auf den Schiebetragrollen. Der erwähnte Förderer soll den echten Kettenförderer auf der LBP-Kette ersetzen. In der Diplomarbeit wird die Berechnung der Widerstände für die einzelnen Varianten vorgestellt. Es wurde auch der Vergleich zwischen den einzelnen Varianten erarbeitet und der meist effektive ausgewählt. Für die meist effektivste Variante sind auch die Konstruktionselemente auserwählt. Am Ende ist für die auserwählte Variante technische Dokumentation gefertigt.

Diplomsko delo z naslovom Konstrukcija linje za pakiranje dimljenih rib, zajema celoten postopek od analize tehnoloških in pretočnih zahtev, do izdelave proizvodne linije za pakiranje dimljenih rib. V uvodnih delih diplomskega dela so podrobneje opisane zahteve za izdelavo, oziroma zasnova linije za pakiranje dimljenih rib glede na pregled stanja konkurence obravnavanega področja. V osrednjem delu diplomskega dela je prikazan tok materiala in postavitev delovnih mest s konstrukcijskimi rešitvami, vključno s preračunom trakov. V zaključku naloge je predstavljena možnost modularne zgradbe in izdelave tehnične dokumentacije. Diploma work with a title Construction of a smoked fish packing line includes the whole process from analysing technological and flow demands to manufacturing the production line for smoked fish packing. In the preface of this diploma work there are in detail described demands for manufacturing, respectively design of a smoked fish packing line due to competition state overview. The material flow and workplace settings with construction solutions including the belt calculations are represented in the central part. The possibility of modular construction and the making of technical documentation is presented in the conclusion.