Search

Habib Mart Cirebon is a trading company that distributes various Hajj souvenirs such as dates, koko clothes, prayer mats, zam-zam water, and others. Consignment sales management is becoming a key element in the trading industry, ensuring product availability, stock monitoring and accurate sales reporting. This research aims to design and develop a consignment sales management application to improve the operational efficiency of the Habib Mart Trading Company in Cirebon. The Waterfall software development method was chosen to ensure structured and planned development stages. It is hoped that the results of this research can contribute to improving operational efficiency and more timely managerial decisions at the Habib Mart Trading Company. In addition, the designed application can also be adapted by other trading companies to improve their consignment sales management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article argues that the inventory category is one of the most important categories of logistics, which determines the objective need to conduct a study of the problems of inventory management and the implementation of a logistics concept. The emphasis is placed on the fact that the object of logistics study are material and related information flows, which, according to the logistics concept, are coordinated and managed between the source of supply and the end user within a single system. The logistics system of a trading enterprise is considered in the form of the following main subsystems: purchase, production and marketing. It is proposed from a logistical point of view to consider not the processes of marketing, production and supply themselves, but the movement of flows that arises in these processes. In this regard, the article proposes the system of performance indicators of logistics management inventory of retail trade enterprises.

Copyright of Journal of Sharia & Law is the property of United Arab Emirates University, College of Law, Sharia & Law Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There are a variety of business structures that might be recommended to a client, all with different advantages and disadvantages. This article reports the evaluation by Australian advisors about their own recommended business structure for small and medium enterprises ('SME'). In other related research it was demonstrated across a variety of SME scenarios that there were four main business structures recommended, being a trading company with shares held by a discretionary trust, a trading discretionary trust with a corporate trustee, a tax consolidated group with shares held by a discretionary trust, or a company. After recommending a business structure for their hypothetical clients, advisors were then surveyed to evaluate their recommended structure against a matrix of factors considered important for SMEs. The analysis of this evaluation provides unique insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the structures recommended and advances our understanding as to when such structures might be appropriate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to create a generic competency model based on the entry-level positions’ requirements of human resource managers in trading companies operating in the Czech Republic. The proposed model should define an optimal set of key competencies that a competent graduate of business degree should have to be successful in specific selection processes for different graduate jobs in trading companies and thus be successful in performing job duties. Design/methodology/approach: The research question for this study was which key competencies business graduates need the most for entry-level positions in the field of trading and which ideal behavior is expected for such competencies. Within the questionnaire survey, the degree of significance of the defined key competencies was subsequently determined. The target population consisted of trading companies with 25 - 249 employees based and operating in the Czech Republic that are willing to hire fresh graduates for entry-level positions. The quantitative data was finally obtained from 419 companies. On the basis of the data analysis results, a generic competency model of a university graduate of business degree was created. Findings: The generic model developed on the basis of the data from trading companies consists of two parts. It defines an optimal set of 6 key competencies as well as the expected behavior that a competent business graduate should have to succeed in specific selection processes for various positions in trading companies that require university education, and subsequently, to be successful in performing jobs in the trade sector. Research limitations/implications: The research limitations are caused mainly by two factors: the company size and products that the trading company is (re)selling. Although specific key competencies can be rated as very important by two different recruiters in the questionnaire, requirements, and expectations of a small company operating in an extremely competitive environment may be significantly higher than in the case of company with large staff and an extensive customer base, or vice versa. Originality/value: The resulting competency model can make the selection process more transparent for both recruiters and job candidates because of established standards concerning desirable key competencies for such positions in trading companies. At the same time, this tool can be an acceleration and suitable starting point for more extensive implementation of the modern competency-based approach for economics and business degrees at universities.

In the "life" of a company it happens that periods less favorable appear so that, sometimes, the respective company dissolution may occur involving the patrimony liquidation. Such activity requires going through several stages which consist in turning the company assets into active capital and the payment of all the debts and, should something remain, such excess will be divided among the shareholders. But there is a fact which should not be omitted, i.e. turning the patrimonial goods into active capital is not an easy activity as it may happen that the capitalization of such assets may be done at the liquidation value and not at the market value, that is a decreased value which may be much lower than the market value. And then, the asset value could be less than the liabilities value which means that the shareholders, instead of receiving money subsequent to the patrimony liquidation, would have to complete the amounts necessary to the full liquidation of the respective company's liabilities. Preferably, one should not reach such a situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commensality – the act of eating together – and its social effects of creating or reinforcing social groups has been studied extensively. In life aboard ships, in particular, eating together is attributed a key role in reflecting and thereby enforcing the professional hierarchies deemed fundamental to the functioning of the ship. However, transgressions of these commensal rules and customs have often been overlooked. Taking the eighteenth-century Ostend Company based in the Southern Low Countries as a case, this article argues that commensal deviations were possible for a variety of reasons, ranging from a means of disciplining crew members to signalling discontent and waging power struggles. Nevertheless, transgressions were temporary: regardless of the success in attaining the envisaged goals, the commensal structure was quickly restored. Thus, rather than threatening the social hierarchy vital to the ship’s functioning, this article argues that these deviations helped sustain it by providing outlets for tensions before more serious challenges to on-board hierarchy could arise. Commensaliteit – het gebruik om samen te eten – en de sociale gevolgen hiervan, zoals het creëren of versterken van sociale groepen, zijn uitvoerig bestudeerd. Vooral in het leven aan boord van schepen wordt aan gezamenlijke maaltijden een sleutelrol toegekend: ze weerspiegelen en bevestigen de professionele hiërarchieën die cruciaal zijn voor het functioneren van het schip. Overtredingen van deze commensale regels en gewoonten zijn tot heden echter weinig bestudeerd. Dit artikel neemt de achttiende eeuwse Oostendse Compagnie, gevestigd in de Zuidelijke Nederlanden, hiervoor als casus en betoogt dat afwijkingen van de regels om gezamenlijk te eten verschillende doelen hadden zoals het disciplineren van bemanningsleden, het signaleren van ontevredenheid of het voeren van machtsconflicten. Deze overschrijdingen waren tijdelijk van aard en de commensale structuur werd steeds snel hersteld. Dit artikel betoogt dat deze afwijkingen geen bedreiging voor de sociale hiërarchie aan boord vormden, maar juist bijdroegen tot het in stand houden hiervan en als uitlaatklep voor spanningen fungeerden zodat ernstigere uitdagingen voor de machtsverhoudingen aan boord konden worden voorkomen.

Logistics has long been recognized as the main effective tool for generating competitive advantages in trading enterprises, and therefore there is an acute problem in finding strategic guidelines for improving logistics activities through the lens of organizational and economic support of logistic activity of a trading enterprise. The article compares the main reference models for the analysis of logistics activities and found the most appropriate for use - SCOR model, which identified the main indicators for evaluating the performance of logistics activities. An algorithm for determining the level of efficiency and performance of logistic activity have been constructed. According to the results of the study, the level of organizational and economic support, perormance and efficiency of logistic activity of trade enterprises of Ukraine of the sample population have been determined.

The set of problems of perception of elements of the external image of the organization that sells in the fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) area by the target audience has been raised. The elements of the external image of the organization that influence the behavior of hypermarket consumers are analysed. The article is based on the results of the empirical research of the hypermarket chain Globus consumer behavior. The study has been conducted using the online survey method, a sample of 658 respondents.Consumer perceptions about the company as a whole have been described, consumer attitude to the hypermarket has been revealed, the main elements of the external image of the hypermarket, on which the consumer target audience is focused on, have been defined. Insufficient involvement of consumers in events at points of sale, low awareness of different types of activities to stimulate consumers, a generally positive attitude and high brand awareness of the hypermarket have been identified. Insufficient use of the hypermarket’s website and official Internet resources by representatives of target groups (social network accounts, mobile application) has been revealed. The main channel for informing the target audience is advertising at the point of sale.Conclusions have been made about the need to develop the image policy of trade companies in the field of FMCG; about the need to promote mobile applications of hypermarkets; about the need to use interactive online technologies in social media and through the trade company`s website for operational communication with consumers, as well as to activate consumer behavior. It has been concluded about the impact of the atmosphere of a point of sale on the image of the company in the field of FMCG. Recommendations on optimizing communication channels, through which the target audience receives information about the point of sale of FMCG products, – have been developed.

This study aims to: (1) develop android game-based learning media “Go Accounting” in trading company accounting learning (2) reveal the feasibility of the develop learning media according to material experts, media experts, teachers, and student. This study is research and development that refers to the ADDIE model. The subjects of the trial are the students of class XI accounting of vocational high school. The data collection is done through interviews and questionnaire. The instruments used are interview guide, expert validation questionnaire, teacher response questionnaire, and student response questionnaire. The feasibility of the develop learning media is analyzed using the quantitative 5 category conversion. The result of this study is Android game-based learning media “Go Accounting”. The development of learning media is feasible according to material experts, media experts, teachers, and students each of whom subsequently gave a score of 4.18, 4.35, 4.70, and 4.22.

This article discusses the relevance of conducting a financial analysis of the financial stability of trading enterprises. The study sets out a methodology for analyzing the financial stability of an enterprise operating in the trading industry. The specifics of molding property and the sources of its formation in a trade organization are studied. The article shows practical calculations on the example of a trade organization, using the most common methods of financial analysis. The study reveals the essence of the method of factor analysis – chain substitutions, with the help of which conclusions were drawn about the influence of factors on the coefficients characterizing financial stability, the necessary formulas and calculations are given. Based on the analysis of the financial stability of the trading company, conclusions and suggestions are made, with emphasis on strengthening financial stability, taking into account the specifics of its activities.

The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for the formation of a strategy for managing the inventory of trading enterprises. This methodology allows us to ensure the synchronism between the processes of efficiency of formation of inventory and sales efficiency of products. The study examined the main types of inventory management strategies. The following basic stock management strategies were highlighted as the most common: 1) "Just in time" strategy (depending on need); 2) SIC (statistical inventory control); 3) stock replenishment strategy with a period of order size. When forming a strategy for managing the inventory of a trading enterprise, the main role is played by the costs of their formation. By forming inventories, they decide the question of satisfying the various needs of consumers by providing them with the right to choose goods from a wide range. It is impossible to solve this issue without the necessary inventory. In making the choice of a method for managing the formation of inventories, a trading company seeks to ensure that they reach their optimal level. The achievement of the minimum or optimal level of inventory is presented by us through integrated inventory management strategies as part of the general direction of inventory optimization based on the relationship of management, accounting and complex classes of procedures. To determine the mechanisms and methods of managerial influence, a tool such as a strategy is used. As a result of research, an alternative strategy was proposed, depending on the potential and type of which the type of inventory strategy was determined. The following are identified as possible alternative strategies for managing inventory: proactive, inertial, dissipative, convergent, and rehabilitation. Thus, the determination of the type of strategy for managing the inventory of a trading enterprise is based on a certain relationship between the level of quality of inventory management, their management policy and the nature of changes in demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the article is the substantiation of organizational and methodological principles of economic crimes preventing within internal audit system of a trade enterprise. Methodology. Methodological and informational basis for the research became scientific works, periodic materials, Internet resources, Ukrainian legislation, Basel Committee recommendations and internal audit international standards. Results. It is proved that the effective internal audit system is the key factor for successful corporate governance implementation, one of the most important aspects of which is related to financial supervision. It is determined that the most common type of economic crimes for trade enterprises is the appropriation of property by stealing goods. The economic crimes that arise in the activity of trading enterprises are systematized by the following groups: financial (illegal appropriation of property, tax evasion, insider trading); mixed (falsification of documents, bribery and corruption, kickbacks); official (intellectual property rights violation, corporate espionage, unethical corporate behavior). It is proved that necessary condition of owners’ rights protection is appropriate accumulation of reliable information concerning the use of property in economic activity of a commercial enterprise, which could be achieved within accounting system. It is substantiated that insider trading is not only transactions that have an impact on a company's shares price, but it is also trade in closed information, that affects trading companies’ resources and stability and is carried out by its employees. Practical implications. The author developes a sequence of internal auditor’s actions during the audit: the analysis of bribery facts, kickbacks and financial corruption violations that arose in a trading enterprise past activity; the identification of signs of possible schemes of conspiracy to steal trading company property, as well as the level of employees’ corruption and bribery inclination; the analysis of internal regulatory documents on combating of corruption, repatriation and bribery within a trading company, and developing recommendations for senior management on those document content and form improvement. Value/originality. In order to minimize the potential external and internal risks that may result in financial economic crimes and inaccurate display of information on commodity and other transactions in the accounting system, the detailed program of forensic audit of economic crime prevention is developed.

In the previous works of the authors, as a result of solving a number of problems, all the necessary conditions have been created for the synthesis and assessment of the reliability of a system-cognitive model of the impact of investments on the quality of life of the population of the region.

Abstract. The article deals with the features of the controlling implementation in trade enterprises in the context of the international dimension, the possibility of adapting international approaches to the Ukrainian conditions of business. The essential concept of controlling and its connection with realization of the general functions of management is defined. It is established that controlling is a management subsystem that ensures the achievement of the mission and system of goals of the enterprise, covers all areas of activity, business processes and business facilities. It is determined that effective business processes are the driving force of success of a trading company, so the implementation of processes should be monitored and any deviations should be corrected in a timely manner. It was found that the concept of controlling is not limited to pure control. The impossibility of considering controlling only at the final stage of management is substantiated. Controlling ensures the achievement of the goals of trade networks, directing the functioning of the management system of trade entrepreneurs in a single direction, defined by strategic, tactical and operational plans. The experience of other countries in controlling conducting at trade enterprises is studied. The tools of foreign practice that can be used in the implementation of controlling of different areas (marketing controlling, procurement and logistics controlling, financial activities controlling, sales controlling, financial activities controlling) are defined: kaizen system, Just-in-time system, CRM, benchmarking, ABS-analysis and XYZ-analysis, PIMS, outsourcing matrix, DPS method, profitability chart «Maisigma», PEST-analysis, Monte Carlo method, methodology of «quality circles», sensitivity analysis, construction of a map of strategic groups, quality standards, performance indicators, calculation of inventory levels, comparison of costs in the value chain, change management, management of «weak» signals, hierarchy of strategies, building a map of business processes. Implementation of controlling provides an increase in trade to 25%; increase in profit from 10 to 12%; increase in profitability from 8 to 20%; increase labor productivity to 30%.Keywords: controlling, trading company, international experience, business processes, effective management, tool. JEL Classification D81, L20, L81, М21 Formulas: 0; fig.: 0; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 8.

The article deals with the features of the controlling implementation in trade enterprises in the context of the international dimension, the possibility of adapting international approaches to the Ukrainian conditions of business. The essential concept of controlling and its connection with realization of the general functions of management is defined. It is established that controlling is a management subsystem that ensures the achievement of the mission and system of goals of the enterprise, covers all areas of activity, business processes and business facilities. It is determined that effective business processes are the driving force of success of a trading company, so the implementation of processes should be monitored and any deviations should be corrected in a timely manner. It was found that the concept of controlling is not limited to pure control. The impossibility of considering controlling only at the final stage of management is substantiated. Controlling ensures the achievement of the goals of trade networks, directing the functioning of the management system of trade entrepreneurs in a single direction, defined by strategic, tactical and operational plans. The experience of other countries in controlling conducting at trade enterprises is studied. The tools of foreign practice that can be used in the implementation of controlling of different areas (marketing controlling, procurement and logistics controlling, financial activities controlling, sales controlling, financial activities controlling) are defined: kaizen system, Just-in-time system, CRM, benchmarking, ABS-analysis and XYZ-analysis, PIMS, outsourcing matrix, DPS method, profitability chart «Maisigma», PEST-analysis, Monte Carlo method, methodology of «quality circles», sensitivity analysis, construction of a map of strategic groups, quality standards, performance indicators, calculation of inventory levels, comparison of costs in the value chain, change management, management of «weak» signals, hierarchy of strategies, building a map of business processes. Implementation of controlling provides an increase in trade to 25%; increase in profit from 10 to 12%; increase in profitability from 8 to 20%; increase labor productivity to 30%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The natural persons authorized in the forms regulated by O.U.G. no. 44/2008 (in particular as PFA and as holders of individual enterprises), who wish to set up commercial companies, raise the question regarding this legal possibility. The answer is not explicitly offered by the Romanian legislator. However, the analysis of the various legal provisions allows the identification of a solution and its argument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the aspects of providing a system for planning the performance of a trading enterprise. The main elements of ensuring the system of planning of the results of activity of a trading enterprise are determined. The accounting and analytical information system of operative and strategic planning of the results of the activity of trading enterprises has been formed. The concept of the analytical system for planning the results of the activity of a trading enterprise is investigated. The qualitative estimation of the used analytical information is offered. The formation of a strategic accounting process at the trade enterprise is proposed. The factors of influence on the information-analytical system of strategic research of the results of activity of a trading enterprise are determined. The proposed methods for drawing up forecast (plan) accounts of a business entity are proposed. The creation of a special synthetic and analytical register for the display of operations related to financial investments is proposed. It is proposed to create an integrated system of accounting process with the help of which it is possible to conduct simultaneously all kinds of accounting at trade enterprises.