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We investigated the longitudinal associations between sports participation patterns in youth and physical activity (PA) in adulthood. PA was self-reported triannually between ages 9–18 (n = 2550, 52% females) and measured by accelerometers in mid-adulthood (n = 1002, 61% females, aged 48 ± 4 years). Three latent classes of youth sports participation emerged for both genders: 1) "organized sports" (persistent high PA with regular sports club activities), 2) "unorganized sports" (persistent high PA without sports club activities and 3) "low activity" (low PA with decreasing sports involvement). These groups comprised 29%, 34% and 37% of males, and 23%, 27% and 50% of females, respectively. Youth "organized sports" was associated with higher adult PA in both males (+1166 steps/day, p = 0.012) and females (+15 min/day moderate-to-vigorous PA [MVPA], +1064 steps/day, +1066 leisure-time steps/day; p ≤ 0.005) compared to "low activity". In males, youth "organized sports" was associated with higher adult PA (+1103 steps/day, −26 min/day sedentary time and +133 counts/minute higher total PA, p ≤ 0.039) compared to "unorganized sports". In females, "unorganized sports" in youth was related to higher adult PA (+10 min/day MVPA, p = 0.034) when compared to "low activity". Sustained participation in youth organized sports, and for females, also in unorganized sports, is positively linked with adult PA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study focused on how adolescents' perceptions of coaches' health promotion activity predict maintained participation and dropout in organized sports in emerging adulthood. In addition, differences in lifestyle habits between maintainers, dropouts, and nonparticipants in organized sports were explored. Materials and Methods: Overall, 616 adolescents reported organized sports participation in the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study at ages 15 and 19. Of these, 323 reported coach's health promotion activity on health topics at the age of 15. An index of a coach's general health promotion activity was formed. At age 19, all study participants reported their lifestyle habits. Results: Among males, those who had perceived coaches' general health promotion activity as frequent were more likely to be maintainers than dropouts (48.6% vs. 20.0%) (p = .002). Among females, there was no significant difference (32.0% vs. 28.4%). Logistic regression analysis adjusted for gender showed that perceiving coach's general health promotion activity as frequent increased the odds of being a maintainer rather than a dropout. Moreover, maintainers had higher odds of having healthy lifestyle habits when compared to nonparticipants (related to physical activity; sleep; fruit and vegetable consumption; and cigarette use) or dropouts (related to physical activity; and cigarette use). In addition, dropouts had higher odds of having healthy lifestyle habits than nonparticipants (related to sleep; and cigarette use). Conclusions: Perceiving coaches' health promotion activity as frequent was related to maintained participation in organized sports among males. Maintainers were more likely to have more healthy lifestyle habits than nonparticipants and dropouts. There is a need to invest in coaches' health promotion activity when it is infrequent. A more detailed understanding is needed of coaches' health promotion activity that supports both maintained participation in sports, especially among females, and healthy lifestyle habits in emerging adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to understand the club-fan relationship from the standpoint of club owners, CEOs, and head coaches (i.e., managers). Eight in-depth interviews were conducted with prominent figures from professional football and basketball in Israel. The current findings indicate that while clubs need the support of their fans, they often find themselves struggling with their aggressive behavior and demands to influence the club’s decision-making processes. First, this qualitative research provides an important insight into the unique experience of pivotal decision-makers in professional sports. Second, we apply the complexity lens to discuss the challenges faced by such stakeholders when trying to manage fans’ disruptive interventions.

Copyright of Physical Culture: Upbringing, Education, Training is the property of National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of PODIUM- Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia en la Cultura Física is the property of Universidad de Pinar del Rio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives This study focused on how adolescents’ perceptions of coaches’ health promotion activity predict maintained participation and dropout in organized sports in emerging adulthood. In addition, differences in lifestyle habits between maintainers, dropouts, and nonparticipants in organized sports were explored.Materials and Methods Overall, 616 adolescents reported organized sports participation in the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study at ages 15 and 19. Of these, 323 reported coach’s health promotion activity on health topics at the age of 15. An index of a coach’s general health promotion activity was formed. At age 19, all study participants reported their lifestyle habits.Results Among males, those who had perceived coaches’ general health promotion activity as frequent were more likely to be maintainers than dropouts (48.6% vs. 20.0%) (p = .002). Among females, there was no significant difference (32.0% vs. 28.4%). Logistic regression analysis adjusted for gender showed that perceiving coach’s general health promotion activity as frequent increased the odds of being a maintainer rather than a dropout. Moreover, maintainers had higher odds of having healthy lifestyle habits when compared to nonparticipants (related to physical activity; sleep; fruit and vegetable consumption; and cigarette use) or dropouts (related to physical activity; and cigarette use). In addition, dropouts had higher odds of having healthy lifestyle habits than nonparticipants (related to sleep; and cigarette use).Conclusions Perceiving coaches’ health promotion activity as frequent was related to maintained participation in organized sports among males. Maintainers were more likely to have more healthy lifestyle habits than nonparticipants and dropouts. There is a need to invest in coaches’ health promotion activity when it is infrequent. A more detailed understanding is needed of coaches’ health promotion activity that supports both maintained participation in sports, especially among females, and healthy lifestyle habits in emerging adulthood.

Copyright of Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Ankara Haci Bayram Veli Universitesi Hukuk Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sixty-two percent of Finnish children and adolescents aged 9–15 participate in sports club activities, yet only one-third of sports participants reach the recommended 60 min of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. The inadequate physical activity of participants underlines the need for physical education among those participating in sports club activities. Sports coaches have significant potential in promoting participants' weekly overall physical activity beyond sports training, given their role of authority. However, coaches in Finland mainly work on a voluntary basis, with varying knowledge and capabilities. The aim of the study was to investigate the physical education orientation and activity of sports coaches, and the associations of these with the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity of young sports participants. Questionnaire data from coaches (n = 26) and young sports participants aged 6–18 (n = 201), and accelerometer data from young sports participants (n = 293) were included in the analysis. The results indicated that even though sports coaches recognized the importance of physical education, they have not fully embraced their role as physical educators and promoters of weekly overall physical activity among young sports participants. The role of families was considered most significant in physical education. Coaches perceived their possibilities to influence the physical activity behavior of the participants as limited. Coaching education and experience had a positive relationship with the coaches' activity in implementing physical education, highlighting the importance of coaching education. The findings suggest that there is a need to increase collaboration with coaches and families to ensure an adequate amount of weekly overall physical activity of children and adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE This study examined the cultural experiences of tennis club members that have changed due to COVID-19, specifically emphasizing the accepted culture within these clubs. METHODS Seven tennis club members, with over five years of experience, active participation in two or more clubs, and a history of active participation, were interviewed using in-depth interviews and a semi-structured questionnaire. RESULTS Firstly, the tennis club members accepted the “no contact” culture that has emerged since COVID-19. Secondly, social distancing made getting together in large groups difficult, and tennis club activities became more limited. This has led to weakening the tennis club community, which is different from what we have seen before. Lastly, the growing interest in non-traditional content has led to an increase in participants enjoying tennis through social media. The information and experiences gained through social media have changed the perception of coaching. CONCLUSIONS The cultures that tennis players have adopted due to COVID-19 are expected to continue in the future. The findings from this study may provide evidence for understanding the changing culture of sports in the future.

This study aimed to examine the levels of aggression among Trabzonspor fans, considering different variables. The study employed the general survey model, which is a quantitative research model. The study group comprised individuals who were supporters of the Trabzonspor Club. The study sample comprised 1269 participants who were chosen using a simple random sampling method and willingly agreed to take part in the study. Data in the study were gathered using the "Buss-Perry Aggression Scale," which was originally created by Buss and Perry (1992) and later modified for use in Turkish by Madran (2012). The data analysis was conducted using the JASP, JAMOVI, and SPSS software packages for the Windows operating system. The analyses utilised frequency, percentage, standard deviation, arithmetic mean, and non-parametric tests (Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis). The analysis revealed significant variations in the aggression levels of Trabzonspor fans based on factors such as gender, marital status, age, monthly income, sports involvement, frequency of match viewing, and match viewing location. Consequently, it can be asserted that the levels of aggression among young, unmarried, and male fans who actively attend Trabzonspor matches with the spectator groups in the stadium are elevated. The strong sense of affiliation that fans have towards their team, combined with external stimuli present in stadiums, elicit the aggressive tendencies of the fans. These fans, who possess personal attributes such as youth and singleness, may encounter difficulties in managing their aggressive impulses, resulting in a heightened level of aggression.

The article is devoted to the history of the emergence and development of student sports at Donetsk National Technical University. The work is based on archival materials of the sports club of Donetsk National Technical University and reflects the events of 1921–2023.

Copyright of Physical Culture: Upbringing, Education, Training is the property of National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aimed to examine the levels of aggression among Trabzonspor fans, considering different variables. The study employed the general survey model, which is a quantitative research model. The study group comprised individuals who were supporters of the Trabzonspor Club. The study sample comprised 1269 participants who were chosen using a simple random sampling method and willingly agreed to take part in the study. Data in the study were gathered using the "Buss-Perry Aggression Scale," which was originally created by Buss and Perry (1992) and later modified for use in Turkish by Madran (2012). The data analysis was conducted using the JASP, JAMOVI, and SPSS software packages for the Windows operating system. The analyses utilised frequency, percentage, standard deviation, arithmetic mean, and non-parametric tests (Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis). The analysis revealed significant variations in the aggression levels of Trabzonspor fans based on factors such as gender, marital status, age, monthly income, sports involvement, frequency of match viewing, and match viewing location. Consequently, it can be asserted that the levels of aggression among young, unmarried, and male fans who actively attend Trabzonspor matches with the spectator groups in the stadium are elevated. The strong sense of affiliation that fans have towards their team, combined with external stimuli present in stadiums, elicit the aggressive tendencies of the fans. These fans, who possess personal attributes such as youth and singleness, may encounter difficulties in managing their aggressive impulses, resulting in a heightened level of aggression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of research is to determine how satisfied the fans are with the shopping stores where the sports clubs sell their licensed commercial products. Document analysis was used in this study. The website "www.sikayetvar.com" is a platform that tries to protect consumer rights by publishing many shopping-related complaints. In this platform, the complaints of the fans of the four sports clubs (Besiktas, Fenerbahce, Galatasaray, and Trabzonspor) in Turkey were examined, and their satisfaction with the fan stores was examined within the framework of the cause-effect relationship. The complaint profiles of the brands were examined by considering 569 complaints filed between 01.01 - 31.12.2021 on the website of Kartal Yuvası, Fenerium, GS Store, and TS Club, which are the fan stores of Beşiktaş, Fenerbahçe, Galatasaray, and Trabzonspor clubs. Complaint texts were analyzed and coded by three experts in the field. Common codes were determined by re-reading and evaluation by the researchers. The themes that could be the main titles of the codes obtained were determined. Themes and codes are tabulated. The data obtained were compared with the results of the survey evaluation conducted by the "www.sikayetvar.com" platform regarding 569 complaints. A descriptive analysis was undertaken to strengthen the validity of the research. As a result, it has been determined that there are many problems under the headings of product and customer relations management, the fans are not satisfied with the stores where the sports clubs sell licensed products, and the sports clubs cannot establish sustainable customer relations with their fans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the age of technological progress and new information technologies, comfort and new opportunities have become available thanks to mobile communications and the global Internet, which now occupy an important place in the development of society. At the same time, a mankind‘s need to maintain a healthy lifestyle has increased and, as a result, there is a growing interest in the promotion of sports services in social media, which have become advertising platforms. The availability of free and quality sports for students of Russian universities has recently been one of the priority areas.In educational organizations, being a structural unit, the Sports Club carries out mass sports work with students, including those who are members of sports teams, ensures the work of sections in various sports, as well as training and competitive processes. Due to the importance of attracting the strongest students to the sections in order to form the university’s sports teams to achieve high sports results, as well as promoting a healthy lifestyle among all students, the author analyzed the tools for promoting sports student associations of the university and determined the effectiveness of their application. The article evaluates the influence of media marketing on increasing the involvement of students in the activities of student sports clubs using such methods as analysis of scientific and methodological literature, questionnaires, and surveys. The study involved 55 participants aged 18 to 30 years old, who are students of various higher educational institutions.

This article proposes to study sports clubs in small towns in the Massif Central. The sports club is at the crossroads of several influences. It participates in local life but it is also subject to the socio-spatial evolutions and recompositions which take place in its territory. We will therefore try to understand how these socio-demographic factors affect the vitality of local sports clubs. It would appear that the link between demographic and sporting dynamics is not sufficient in itself to explain the contrasting situations observed in the Massif Central. Indeed, contrary developments can be found at the level of a small town. More detailed case studies, going beyond the simple statistical framework, allow us to understand what other factors are involved locally and to address more social and spatial issues related to the recomfiguration of these small towns.

The aim of this research was to investigate the psychometric characteristics of the sustainable marketing orientation questionnaire in the community of managers of active sports clubs in Mashhad. The The current research is descriptive and according to the psychometric properties of the sustainable marketing scale in the environment of sports clubs, the method of data collection belongs to correlational designs. The statistical population of this research was made up of all managers of sports clubs in Mashhad (N=1400). In order to determine the number of statistical samples, Nanali and Orit's suggestion of a ratio of 10 subjects to 1 variable and Guilford's recommendation (observing the minimum sample size of 200 subjects), which is known as Müller's rule of thumb (1996), were used, and therefore, 278 questionnaires were used as sampling. Collected available. The measurement tool used is the sustainable marketing orientation questionnaire made by Lukik et al. (2020) which consists of 15 questions and has the components of strategic integration (questions 1 to 6), social engagement (questions 7 to 11) and ethical capabilities. (Questions 12 to 15). In order to check the validity of the translation, the measurement tool was determined from the standard translation-re-translationtranslation method using the opinions of three professors fluent in English. In order to analyze the data, descriptive indices and statistical tests of Cronbach's alpha coefficient, McDonald's omega coefficient, theta coefficient, Brown's classification, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used in SPSS, Lisrel and Stata statistical software. The findings of exploratory factor analysis using varimax rotation showed that the criteria for extracting components, the slope of the scree curve and the eigenvalue were higher than 1, based on which three main components were identified, and therefore, using the exploratory factor analysis method, the questionnaire had 15 The question has 3 components. Also, the questions of the sustainable marketing orientation questionnaire explain 60.72% of the total variance. Therefore, the variance percentages for the strategic integration component are 13.26, the social participation component is 19.12, and the moral capabilities component is 28.34. The results of the factor load of the questions indicate that the factor load of all the questions is acceptable. According to the results obtained from the form and content validity of the sustainable marketing orientation questionnaire, the values of the CVR index are higher than 0.49 and the values of the CVI index are higher than 0.79. The results showed that the sustainable marketing orientation questionnaire has an acceptable internal reliability (θ=0.979, Ω=0.971, α=0.963). Also, the reliability of strategic integration components (θ=0.961, Ω=0.953, α=0.943), social participation (θ=0.886, Ω=0.869, α=0.846) and capabilities Ethical (θ=0.926, Ω=0.901, α=0.892). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the relationship between questions (1 to 6) with the component of strategic integration, questions (7 to 11) with the component of social participation and questions (12 to 15) with the component of moral capabilities is significant. Also, the results showed that there is a significant relationship between the components of strategic integration, social participation and ethical capabilities with the concept of sustainable marketing orientation. The results showed that the ratio of X2 to df is equal to 2.32 and the root mean square error (RMSEA) is equal to 0.092, so the structural model of the questionnaire has the necessary fit. Also, the indices NFI=0.92, CFI=0.93, GFI=0.91, AGFI=0.90 and IFI=0.93 confirmed the fit of the structural model of the questionnaire. Therefore, in total, all 7 mentioned indicators confirm the fit of the model and it can be acknowledged that the sustainable marketing orientation model is suitable in terms of fit indicators and all three components mentioned can be integrated in the structural model of the questionnaire. The average variance extracted for all three components is higher than 0.5, so the convergent validity of the constructs is confirmed. Also, according to the combined reliability values (Dillon-Goldstein coefficient) for each of the structures, it is acceptable, and as a result, the reliability of the model is confirmed. Finally, the internal and external validity of the presented model is confirmed. This result means that the structural equation model presented with the help of the software (Lisrel) in this research is a suitable structural model and fits the data obtained from this research. Based on this, it can be concluded that the data collected by this questionnaire can provide reliable results and provide researchers with accurate information. Based on the findings, the sustainable marketing orientation questionnaire is a reliable and valid scale that can be used to evaluate the performance of sports managers in the field of sustainable marketing and obtain reliable and stable results. Based on this, the sustainable marketing orientation model can provide detailed instructions on how to implement an effective sustainable marketing system to different sports managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background It is a common belief that most sports clubs and organisations are primarily focused on elite sports while placing less emphasis on the promotion of health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA). However, there is a lack of evidence on this topic in the scientific literature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the level and correlates of the commitment of sports organisations in Europe to HEPA promotion. Methods Representatives of 536 sports organisations from 36 European countries responded to our survey. A multiple regression analysis was conducted with the commitment of sports organisation to HEPA promotion (0 [“not at all”] – 10 [“most highly”]) as the outcome variable and organisation type (“national sport association” reference group [ref], “European sports federation”, “national umbrella sports organisation”, “national Olympic committee”, “national sport-for-all organisation”), headquarters in a European Union member state (“no” [ref], “yes”), region of Europe (“Western” [ref], “Central and Eastern”, “Northern”, “Southern”), commitment to elite sports (“low” [ref], “medium”, “high”), and awareness of Sports Club for Health (SCforH) guidelines (“no” [ref], “yes”) as explanatory variables. Results Approximately 75.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 71.5, 78.8) of sports organisations were highly committed to elite sports. Only 28.2% (95% CI: 24.4, 32.0) of sports organisations reported a high commitment to HEPA promotion. A higher commitment to HEPA promotion was associated with the national Olympic committees (β = 1.48 [95% CI: 0.41, 2.55], p = 0.007), national sport-for-all organisations (β = 1.68 [95% CI: 0.74, 2.62], p

The arrival of Joint-Stock Companies for Professional Sports (SADP) to sports clubs inaugurates the neoliberal modernization of Chilean football. This business model redefined the role of supports and partners, starting from the market and the show. Based on the experience of Colo-Colo and Universidad de Chile, this article analyzes the conflict between partners and supports against the SADP on the reconfiguration of social participation, in the soccer field, during the process of deepening neoliberalism in Chile. Through oral history and the analysis of State policies, it is suggested that the process of neoliberalization of football, on the one hand, constrained the participation tools that exist in a sports club, and on the other, produced a response from fans and partners who articulated new projects to strengthen the social fabric in their institutions, redefine the socio-political limits of a club and dispute spaces of power with the SADP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was undertaken to explore the experiences of older adults and service providers in a settings-based health promotion initiative in a football club. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 10 older adults attending an 'Extra Time Hub' (ETH) and two staff delivering the initiative. Our reflexive thematic analysis generated six themes. Findings revealed the brand of the sports club attracted some to join the ETH, but through partnerships with local agencies, the initiative was also successful in widening participation beyond older adults with an interest in football. Participants perceived that the ETH was beneficial for their mental health, helped them develop social connections, and promoted positive physical activity experiences. Moreover, the variety of pleasures derived from participation were also discussed. Our findings also illustrate the central role of staff in older adults' experiences of this form of health promotion. Overall, this study contributes to understandings of settings-based health promotion activities in sports clubs, and also demonstrates the potential for sports clubs to widen engagement with the local community through health promotion for older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study was to estimate the effect of swimming lessons in a school sports club on the initial swimming fitness of primary school-aged children. Materials and methods. The study participants were 73 primary school-aged children ('Sportrend' school sports swimming club). The study used theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological literature, the system of control exercises by O. Obrazhei revised taking into account the contingent of the research to assess the swimming fitness of primary school students under the conditions of a school sports club, and methods of mathematical statistics. Results. We propose a methodology for assessing the swimming readiness of younger schoolchildren under the conditions of a school sports club. The growth rate of such indicators as reaction to the unsupported position in the water and underwater breath-holding turned out to be lower compared to other indicators. At the same time, the rates of face submersion in the water and squatting in the water increased. The increase in initial swimming skills in children was 49.3% at the control stage compared to the baseline, and the average growth rate was 22.2%. In the assessment of children's initial skills at the end of the training compared to the beginning, the maximum average rate of increase was recorded for the ability to push off and slide (30.1%), the ability to perform a star float (27.4%), and squatting in the water (26.4%), thus swimming lessons have a positive effect on the initial swimming readiness of junior school students. Conclusions. Statistically significant (p<0.05) improvement of primary school students' results on control exercises at all stages of diagnostics of their initial swimming skills formation confirms the positive effect of swimming lessons in a school sports club. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – This study examines the role of market orientation in the relationship between internal marketing and entrepreneurial orientation within private sports clubs. Design/methodology/approach – The research is a descriptive-correlational study based on private sports clubs employees within Iran (Sanandaj). A theoretical model was developed based on the literature and tested using SPSS and PLS-SEM software. Findings – The findings indicate a positive relationship between internal marketing and employees' entrepreneurial orientation. Market orientation has also played a positive mediating role in the relationship between internal marketing and entrepreneurial orientation. Originality/value – The results suggest a higher level of market orientation in the organization can increase teamwork and, consequently, entrepreneurship development among employees. This is important in sports clubs as employees have a significant role in the success of the sports club. Club employees' satisfaction, generated through internal marketing, provides is a prerequisite for customer satisfaction. This therefore creates an environment supportive of entrepreneurial orientation in the club.

Background: It is a common belief that most sports clubs and organisations are primarily focused on elite sports while placing less emphasis on the promotion of health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA). However, there is a lack of evidence on this topic in the scientific literature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the level and correlates of the commitment of sports organisations in Europe to HEPA promotion. Methods: Representatives of 536 sports organisations from 36 European countries responded to our survey. A multiple regression analysis was conducted with the commitment of sports organisation to HEPA promotion (0 ["not at all"] – 10 ["most highly"]) as the outcome variable and organisation type ("national sport association" reference group [ref], "European sports federation", "national umbrella sports organisation", "national Olympic committee", "national sport-for-all organisation"), headquarters in a European Union member state ("no" [ref], "yes"), region of Europe ("Western" [ref], "Central and Eastern", "Northern", "Southern"), commitment to elite sports ("low" [ref], "medium", "high"), and awareness of Sports Club for Health (SCforH) guidelines ("no" [ref], "yes") as explanatory variables. Results: Approximately 75.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 71.5, 78.8) of sports organisations were highly committed to elite sports. Only 28.2% (95% CI: 24.4, 32.0) of sports organisations reported a high commitment to HEPA promotion. A higher commitment to HEPA promotion was associated with the national Olympic committees (β = 1.48 [95% CI: 0.41, 2.55], p = 0.007), national sport-for-all organisations (β = 1.68 [95% CI: 0.74, 2.62], p < 0.001), location in Central and Eastern Europe (β = 0.56 [95% CI: 0.01, 1.12], p = 0.047), and awareness of SCforH guidelines (β = 0.86 [95% CI: 0.35, 1.37], p < 0.001). Conclusion: From our findings, it seems that most sports organisations are primarily focused on elite sports. Coordinated actions at the European Union and national levels are needed to improve the promotion of HEPA through sports organisations. In this endeavour, it may be useful to consider national Olympic committees, national sport-for-all organisations, and relevant sports organisations in Central and Eastern Europe as role models and to raise the awareness of SCforH guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development and progress in any sector are critical in today's ever changing world. People who work in the sports sector believe sports to be extremely important in their life. Football, basketball, cricket, tennis, and other sports are particularly popular among males. When dealing with diverse difficulties, organisational behaviour also refers to an organizations attitude and behaviour. To perform at their best, players must be inspired, encouraged, and trained. The first factor that influences the growth of the sports sector is organisational behaviour. Artificial intelligence is the second factor that contributes to the progress of the sports business. Marketing is the third aspect that contributes to the growth of the sports sector. Any industry's worth and value are increased through marketing. Organizational behaviour, artificial intelligence, and marketing tactics were employed as independent factors in this study. New Product Development, on the other hand, has been employed as a dependent variable. The information was gathered from 30 people and evaluated with AMOS 26v. Furthermore, the findings revealed a substantial relationship between the factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi is the property of Justice Academy of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, organizations faced specific challenges, such as social distancing restrictions, high environmental safety requirements, etc. in research (e.g., Heide, Simonsson, 2021; Brynjolfsson, Horton & Ozimek. 2020), at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the organization of work has changed; With the transition to remote work, the nature of internal communication has changed, and customer service has also become largely remote. The research problem - what are the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for leisure organizations (sports club), and what are the measures to manage them? The purpose of the study is to reveal the measures of the management of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in a leisure organization using the example of a sports clubs. The tasks of research are: to describe the concept of leisure organization, to theoretically discuss the means for managing the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic; to identify the consequences in a leisure organization using the example of a sports clubs. Research methods - analysis and sintesis of sientific literatūre. Main сonclusion. A leisure organization is treated as such an organization that provides recreational services that consumers consume in their free time from work and everyday affairs. Sport is both leisure and professional activity. Sports clubs fall into the category of leisure organizations, as they are intended for the provision of services of a more recreational and health-friendly nature. Faced with operational restrictions, other difficulties, the organizations providing these services had to adjust business models, change the established processes of service provision, work organization, personnel management. Proactive entrepreneurship, innovation, implementation of digitalization of business, riskier solutions in search of new opportunities are very important. In the management of risks associated with ensuring security in organizations, appropriate measures for personnel management, organization of work, provision of services are important. The use of state aid is also important, as well as the use of state aid to maintain business continuity in times of crisis, to introduce solutions that ensure the provision of services, and to reduce costs due to a decrease in revenues due to limited demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relevance and novelty of the topic: The information provided to the client by modern organizations moves to the external space, so it is very important to understand the meaning and influence of external communication on the organization, to find out what types of external communication exist and how they differ with each other. Stanišauskienė (2016) defines the company's external communication - providing information to companies or organizations and ensuring feedback when interacting with the environment: partners, consumers, suppliers, government representatives, media and other public and interested groups The research raises the problem of how a football club communicates in social networks and what means to improve communication in social networks from the point of view of followers. This problem has already been reviewed by researchers in their articles (Esen, E., et al., 2021), but social networks are still gaining popularity at a high speed and occupying an increasing part of people's lives. Therefore, it is possible to analyse this topic constantly and constantly look for new subtleties of social network communication. Some authors focus only on one social network (Winand et al., 2019), others conduct qualitative research (Siguenciaa et al., 2016). This research will be quantitative, we will pay more attention to the opinions of social media followers, and we will look at more social networks. The research uses the following methods: analysis of scientific literature; quantitative research - questionnaire survey; statistical descriptive data analysis. The processing of research results will be carried out by the SPSS program. The collected information will be presented in diagrams, the data will be described, and the conclusions will be presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With high competitiveness in the sports club industry, it is necessary to claim high-quality and good services for the consumer. The quality of the services provided is recognized as an essential component in gaining a competitive advantage (Wilson et al., 2016). While maintaining the good quality of the services provided, maintaining stability and creating a mutual connection between the client and the sports club, regular and loyal customers are created. (Peitzika, Chatzi & Kissa, 2020). realizing that the quality of the services provided and the expectations set by them do not differ, they are satisfied (Preitzika, Chatzi and Kissa, 2020). In order to remain competitive, significant attempts have been made to adapt the quality of service perceived by customers (Lam et al., 2005). The problem of work is raised by the question of what is the quality of the services of a sports club and by what means to improve it. Various methods are used to assess the quality of services. Scales such as SERVQUAL and SQAS scales are often used to evaluate the services provided by sports clubs (Polyakova & Mirza, 2016). It can be assumed that sports clubs need to constantly improve the quality of their inventory and optimize the space by providing the widest possible range of sports services in order to ensure long-term income and constant growth (Sherif et all., 2022). The purpose of the work: to introduce the quality of the services of the Sports Club "Sportgates" from the point of view of customers. Tasks of the work: To discuss the factors determining the quality of services of sports clubs; describe the quality assessment models; identify the factors that determine the quality of the services of the sports club "Sportgates" and the possibilities of improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Successful service recovery is one of the major tasks for every service provider. This paper transfers the theory of service recovery from traditional industries to the spectator sport context, more precisely to football. A satisfied and committed consumer is one of the main goals for every business entity, as well as for football clubs. The main purpose of this paper is to examine factors that predict satisfaction with service recovery and its outcomes in the context of the spectator sport industry. The research methodology used previously established scales related to service recovery satisfaction in terms of other industries, which are modified in order to meet the requirements of this research. The research was conducted on 408 active consumers of services provided by Croatian football clubs. The research results show that perceived service recovery equity affects recovery satisfaction in terms of football as the most popular spectator sport in the world. Furthermore, it has been established that recovery satisfaction predicts satisfaction with club services and trust in football clubs. Relationships between predictors such as recovery satisfaction, satisfaction with club services, trust and its proposed outcome, such as commitment towards the club could not be supported. This could be due to the fact that spectator sport consumers possess enormous emotional and psychological loyalty towards the club, which surpasses traditional consumer theory understanding. Furthermore, a significant relationship between consumer commitment and positive word of mouth has been established. Implications for Central European audience: Obtained results can also be of interest for audience from other Central European countries where football is also an extremely important part of their leisure activities and overall culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study was to estimate the effect of swimming lessons in a school sports club on the initial swimming fitness of primary school-aged children. Materials and methods. The study participants were 73 primary school-aged children (‘Sportrend’ school sports swimming club). The study used theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological literature, the system of control exercises by O. Obrazhei revised taking into account the contingent of the research to assess the swimming fitness of primary school students under the conditions of a school sports club, and methods of mathematical statistics. Results. We propose a methodology for assessing the swimming readiness of younger schoolchildren under the conditions of a school sports club. The growth rate of such indicators as reaction to the unsupported position in the water and underwater breath-holding turned out to be lower compared to other indicators. At the same time, the rates of face submersion in the water and squatting in the water increased. The increase in initial swimming skills in children was 49.3% at the control stage compared to the baseline, and the average growth rate was 22.2%. In the assessment of children’s initial skills at the end of the training compared to the beginning, the maximum average rate of increase was recorded for the ability to push off and slide (30.1%), the ability to perform a star float (27.4%), and squatting in the water (26.4%), thus swimming lessons have a positive effect on the initial swimming readiness of junior school students. Conclusions. Statistically significant (p

Relevance. The new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), which appeared in late 2019 in China, has spread to almost all countries of the world in just a few months. The explosive nature of its spread was accompanied by the formation of large epidemic foci in organizations of various profiles, including leisure and sports. Aims. To establish the conditions and causes of the spread of SARS-CoV-2 among the members of one of the sports clubs based on an in-depth epidemiological analysis. Materials and methods. To study the features of the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in a sports organization, the following documents were used previously developed by the authors and successfully tested in practice: «Act of epidemiological investigation of group and outbreak morbidity of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) at an enterprise/organization/institution» and «Individual card of a patient with a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) at the enterprise / organization/institution». In the process of epidemiological investigation, in order to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in PCR, a laboratory examination of sports club participants (sick and contact) was conducted, followed by genome-wide sequencing of isolated SARS-CoV-2 viruses on the basis of the Laboratory of Molecular Virology of the A. A. Smorodintsev Influenza Research Institute, which performs these types of studies. Results. Within 17 days, 26 cases of COVID- 19 were registered among the sports team members and staff from the support group (coaching staff, medical staff, administrators), which was 74.3% of their actual number. The majority of patients (76.9%) had mild acute respiratory infection, two (7.7%) had no symptoms, and four (15.4%) had interstitial pneumonia. Of the clinical manifestations of the disease, the most frequent were weakness, fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, difficulty in nasal breathing and serous-mucous discharge from the nose, sore throat, cough, shortness of breath, anosmia and dyspeptic manifestations in the form of diarrhea, nausea or vomiting. The occurrence of the outbreak was the result of the introduction of infection from the opposing team at the tournament. The leading factors that contributed to the spread of COVID-19 among sports club members were the admission to games and training of athletes with acute respiratory infections, prolonged close contact between players during training and competitions, violations in the use of personal protective equipment, compliance with hygiene and hand antiseptics, disinfection measures in the premises of sports institutions and defects in the implementation of the regulations for the examination of teams for SARS-CoV-2 during tournaments. Conclusion. Based on the results of the study, data were obtained on the features of the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in sports organizations, which can be used in conducting preventive and anti-epidemic measures in sports and leisure institutions.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate on the marketing mix model of the Iranian football industry.Methodology: The present study is an applied and descriptive-analytical research that was conducted on fieldwork. The research tool is a marketing mix of the Memari study on Iranian sport industry (2007). Subjective and content validity was determined by experts and sports experts and its reliability in a preliminary study was estimated on 30 sample subjects through Cronbach's alpha of 0.92. The statistical population of the study consisted of two groups. The first group was the Fans of the three East Azerbaijan province teams in the Premier League, with 441 of them being unlimited, they were selected randomly by multi-stage cluster and cluster. The second group includes members of the Football Association board Technical, managing director of the provincial clubs, teams of experts board and administrators (N = 90) who were selected by targeted sampling method. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and correlation t-test with the help of statistical package SPSS 22 and structural equation model using Amos software.Findings: The results showed that the existing situation of sports clubs marketing mix are significantly lower than the optimal situation such as financial sponsorship, promotion management, pricing management, the power of the market, public relations management, process management, location management and brand management. Finally, the coefficients of the indexes indicate the optimal fit of the marketing mix model of the football clubs. Therefore, to improve the development of football industry, it is necessary to make fundamental changes to the marketing plans of this province.Originality: In this article, we examine the modeling of the p8 marketing mix elements on the football industry using structural equation methods.

Copyright of SPORMETRE: The Journal of Physical Education & Sport Sciences / Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of SPORMETRE: The Journal of Physical Education & Sport Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of SPORMETRE: The Journal of Physical Education & Sport Sciences / Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of SPORMETRE: The Journal of Physical Education & Sport Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science (MJSS) is the property of Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science (MJSS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Strategic vision has a clear view of the position of an organization and by evaluating the position and strategic action despite the vast changes in the surrounding world, strategic vision provides a convincing picture of the future with a convincing plan to navigate this image. Conducting this research is a strategic insight based on evaluating the situation and strategic action in Isfahan Resistance Cultural and Sports Club.Methodology: The present study seeks to evaluate the situation and strategic action by following the paradigm of pragmatism with an approach mixed with strategic approach. The samples used in the first part by non-probabilistic and purposeful sampling method were 30 senior and middle managers of Isfahan Resistance Cultural and Sports Club. In order to collect the required information and confirm the indicators of the researcher-made questionnaire, the validity of which has been verified by experts, it was analyzed by Delphi method and a theoretical agreement was reached by performing three rounds. In the second part, the High Strategic Research Council consisting of 8 experts, managers and specialists and the research team has been used in a purposeful manner.Findings: The findings showed that the indicators of financial strength and competitive advantage in the domestic dimension and indicators of environmental stability and industry strength in the external dimension were extracted so that 4 indicators of financial strength, 8 indicators of competitive advantage, 8 indicators of environmental stability and 7 indicators The power of industry and services was extracted and the strategies of the resistance cultural and sports club of Isfahan province were shown based on the SPACE matrix in the position of competitive strategy.Conclusion: In the competitive strategy of the organization, strategies such as market development, market penetration, product development, integration and participation are implemented and Isfahan Resistance Cultural and Sports Club should make maximum use of its existing organizational resources and facilities in the first place. To prevent the waste of resources and change their use, and then with the participation of the private sector, donors and related organizations and institutions to develop service delivery and gain a competitive advantage among other clubs.

Clubs and third-party operators offer licensed sports products via offline and online stores. Although a few papers have previously focused on sports merchandise, no study has ever analyzed the factors associated with the purchase channel (PC) choice. Based on representative survey data of sports club members, we empirically test the statistical association between consumers' characteristics and their PC choice. Econometric results suggest that the PC choice is affected by membership characteristics and sociodemographic attributes such as gender, education, income, and place of residence. Comparisons with results from studies conducted in more general settings suggest that the transferability of findings from general to sports-specific settings (and vice versa) is limited. Moreover, the finding, that the impact of these characteristics depends on the type of operator (club vs. retailer) rather than the type of product, highlights the relevance to distinguish between vertically integrated and third-party-operated PCs in both managerial decisions and future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Collected Papers of the Faculty of Law in Split / Zbornik Radova Pravnog Fakulteta u Splitu is the property of Split Faculty of Law and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Various areas of social and economic life and their changes during the political transformation after 1989 have been studied and analyzed by Polish sociologists. It seems that one of the areas that has been left out and which constitutes a terra incognita is the world of sport. As in other areas, individual and collective social actors who organized, managed or participated in the world of sport had to come to terms with the new social, economic and political order. That is why the transformation seen through their eyes and what they did, their motivations and ways of coping with changes are interesting and broaden our knowledge about the transformation period. In the article, I present a fragment of my own research on the course and effects of political transformation, based on the example of a multi-sectional Workers’ Sports Club Stoczniowiec Gdańsk (currently GKS Stoczniowiec Gdańsk). I was interested in the struggles of people who organized sport, which they had to face in the period of transformation. I was interested in how they experienced the clash with the emerging new social order. What strategies they adopted in their organizational activities and their practices during the transformation. The case study is treated as a field study and a conceptual pilot study which is a starting point for further exploration. I used two methods: desk research (among others, press articles, club information, official data, statistical data were collected) and in-depth interviews (IDI) with social actors operating in the sports club. The analytical framework for the study consists of three dimensions of transformation, namely the economic, political and legal, and social ones. The theoretical foundations, on the other hand, are the perspectives of new institutionalism, especially the theory of fields by Fligstein and McAdam and the concept of deinstitutionalization by Christine Oliver.