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Abstract: In 1899, Robert Gersuny, an austrian surgeon from Vienna, injected a mineral oil (vaseline) to correct the absence of a testicle in a patient who was castrated for tuberculous epididymitis. The immediate success of the operation encouraged him to use vaseline as filler for soft tissue defects. The principle of the technique consisted in the injection of a product that becomes semi liquid by heating but it solidifies when it gets colder. It remains stable and inert in the human body. Eckstein used paraffin instead because the melting temperature is too high (65°) to soften after the injection. The technique provoked enthusiasm. It was used for the cure of palatal and urinary fistulae, hernia but mainly in cosmetic indications: filling of face wrinkles, cheeks, front and breast augmentation as well as the penis and especially nasal defects. Although serious complications were reported, it remained popular for the first 20 years of the 20th century. Unfortunately even with initial good results, secondary or late severe complications appeared due to the dispersion of paraffin. There was formation of nodules, the paraffinomas that were very difficult to remove. The sequelae of paraffin injections were observed for several years. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Medical devices, such as silicone-based prostheses designed for soft tissue implantation, often induce a suboptimal foreign-body response which results in a hardened avascular fibrotic capsule around the device, often leading to patient discomfort or implant failure. Here, it is proposed that additive manufacturing techniques can be used to deposit durable coatings with multiscale porosity on soft tissue implant surfaces to promote optimal tissue integration. Specifically, the "liquid rope coil effect", is exploited via direct ink writing, to create a controlled macro open-pore architecture, including over highly curved surfaces, while adapting atomizing spray deposition of a silicone ink to create a microporous texture. The potential to tailor the degree of tissue integration and vascularization using these fabrication techniques is demonstrated through subdermal and submuscular implantation studies in rodent and porcine models respectively, illustrating the implant coating's potential applications in both traditional soft tissue prosthetics and active drug-eluting devices., (© 2021 The Authors. Advanced Healthcare Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)