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Despite the growth of the sport-for-development and peace (SDP) field, the sector remains heavily resource-constrained whereby organizations have limited resources but also operate in resource-scarce environments. Given this, we draw on the theoretical concept of bricolage to explore how such resource constraints are overcome. In this study, an organization implementing SDP for refugees and throughout their existence have been confronted with resource constraints is examined. Across the organization's start-up phase and growth stage, multiple forms of bricolage are identified, which enabled the organization to address the social needs of refugees through SDP. We discuss these findings in relation to existing literature on bricolage as well as social entrepreneurship in SDP, emphasizing the way in which the recombination of resources offers opportunities for organizations and practitioners to effectively manage a scarce resource base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many professionals want to both achieve professional success and contribute to society. Yet, in some professional contexts, these aims are in tension because serving elite clients is considered the pinnacle of professional success, but professionals themselves may view serving this clientele as antithetical to making a societal contribution. Drawing on interviews with 84 architects and designers who self-identify as people seeking to contribute to society—that is, who hold a prosocial identity—we develop theory about how professionals navigate tensions between their prosocial and professional identities and with what consequences for their work with clients. We identified four strategies that professionals used to ease these tensions, all of which gave the prosocially oriented professionals a sense of identity integration. However, these strategies differently shaped professionals' approach to power relations with the client, depending on the client's status and the types of knowledge and skills each professional viewed as central to their work. Professionals with marginalized social identities, such as women and ethnic/racial minorities, were more likely than others to embrace working with low-status clients and to use broader definitions of the knowledge and skills required for their work. Our findings contribute to scholarship on professional identity construction and prosocial work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many sport for development and peace organizations operate with limited resources and in low-resource environments. While resource constraints impede some organizations, others demonstrate an adaptive behavior, known as bricolage, to repurpose and flexibly engage existing resources to accomplish their goals. In this study, we ask what distinguishes organizations that engage in bricolage from others. We specifically test whether sport for development and peace nonprofits that engage in bricolage are more likely to engage in social innovation, and we test those findings against organizational size, age, and characteristics of organizations' operating environments. Using data from an international sample of 161 sport for development and peace nonprofits, we find that organizations employing greater levels of bricolage also demonstrate significantly higher levels of innovation, except for process-focused innovations, which are significantly associated with environmental turbulence. Organizational size itself does not appear to influence the use of bricolage or the relationship between bricolage and innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digitalization has enabled entrepreneurs to adopt digital tools to create opportunities and reach customers in international markets. Yet, the understanding of international digital entrepreneurial marketing in the global marketplace is limited. Drawing on social network theory, the authors investigate how entrepreneurs' social ties and firms' international digital entrepreneurial marketing influence small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) internationalization. Based on multiple case study methodology, the results suggest that entrepreneurs' bonding and bridging ties facilitate different dimensions of international digital entrepreneurial marketing. That further enhances the intensity and geographic scope of SME internationalization. SME internationalization also reinforces entrepreneurs' accumulation of social ties. This study contributes to international marketing research by developing the dimensions of the international digital entrepreneurial marketing concept and exploring its important role in SME internationalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposes and advocates for applied STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) education to solve a low interest and retention in STEM college majors among high school students, especially those from underserved backgrounds. Applied STEM emphasises the practical application of STEM concepts and principles to familiar subjects such as fashion and entrepreneurship to increase students' interest and their intention to pursue college careers in STEM fields. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of an experiential Applied STEM Camp developed in this study and attended by 120 high school students. A series of paired sample t-tests show that participants' knowledge, interest, and intentions to enrol in a STEM-related college major have increased after the camp. Analysis of participants' reflections on the camp experiences further supports the statistical results. The research findings are important for recruiting high school students to pursue applied STEM college careers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plant tissue culture biotechnology offers a sustainable way to adapt to climate change by propagating disease-free plants with the desired traits. This study investigated stakeholders' agronomic, social and economic evaluation of tissue culture plants (TCPs). It unravels micro-level outcomes and indicators that determine TCPs evaluation through a systematic literature review. The 35 articles examined show an imbalance of studies in the three evaluation streams, with social studies on horticultural crops, especially bananas in developing countries, dominating. The results of the TCPs evaluation vary considerably between stakeholders. The main determinants of evaluation are TCPs attributes. TCPs are very knowledge-intensive and costly to establish and manage. Therefore, customising of TCPs to local conditions and closer collaboration between stakeholders are essential for successful implementation. Advisory services, social entrepreneurship and networks are needed to create knowledge-sharing platforms and ecosystems. While single-stream evaluations reveal TCPs superiority over conventionally propagated crops, it is suggested that an integrated assessment be undertaken to combine social, economic, and agronomic indicators and evaluate the technology simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the emergence of social entrepreneurial intentions (SEIs) of youngsters at the base of the pyramid (BoP). A small but growing literature is emerging at the intersection of social entrepreneurship (SE) and BoP perspectives. However, little is known about the emergence of SEI in this context. Drawing on a qualitative approach, our findings highlight perceived self-efficacy, self-fulfilment and reciprocity as important drivers of SEIs of youngsters at the BoP. At a practical level, our study also highlights how social support could aid to develop individuals' perceptions of their own capabilities and help them to project themselves as social entrepreneurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose is to analyse the Social Entrepreneurs' Mode of Being Theory, based on the literature concerned with the theories that underpin the 'social entrepreneurship' and at research, where its contrast the entrepreneur's practice and theory. The findings show the articulation of the theories of social entrepreneur coupled with the hermeneutical interpretation of the philosophical dimensions, configured the mode of being based on the analysis of existential situations. The philosophical foundations of Management and hermeneutic phenomenology, was integrated to configure the mode of being of the social entrepreneur, establishing hypothesis and principles that underpin a Theory of the Way of Being to development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines institutional voids as a possible impediment to harnessing and articulating the contributions of social enterprises towards the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in South Africa. It focuses on municipalities as sites for the implementation of development goals and the services of social enterprises. The findings show that institutional voids in the Integrated Development Plan which stem from the Constrained Development Focus of municipalities manifest in a Deficient Sector Engagement and Deficient Accountability for social entrepreneurship. These run counter to the policy and institutional coherence that is needed to successfully implement the SDGs. There is, therefore, a need to rethink the IDP process and incorporate the services of social enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social entrepreneurial ventures generally have lower profitability owing to poor value perceptions of their offerings, which negatively impact financial sustainability. A frequent antecedent is the negative view of marketing prevalent in the sector, requiring an attitudinal transformation. This study provides one such success story that demonstrates how a deliberate marketing-driven approach allowed social entrepreneurs in Eastern India to pilot a new venture with creative offerings that detected and filled a financially viable gap in the cultural clothing market. This paper makes a case for social entrepreneurship ventures to be market savvy in order to financially nurture their social mission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How do social entrepreneurship organisations sustain and innovate to serve base-of-the-pyramid populations in emerging economies? This paper delves into the strategies and processes employed by social entrepreneurship organisations to create both social and economic value via frugal innovation approaches combining cost-effective value creation and social problem solving and thus ensure their sustainability. To elucidate this, a composition-based view is leveraged, which emphasises how organisations possessing ordinary resources can accomplish extraordinary outcomes. Extending the composition-based view to social entrepreneurship research, three new concepts around compositional strategies are introduced: (1) specialist versus generalist compositional offering, (2) temporary versus sustainable competitive advantage based on compositional competition, and (3) value-driven versus task-driven compositional capability. Utilising three examples—India's Selco, Ghana's Toyola, and Brazil's Centre for Digital Inclusion—specific conditions under which social entrepreneurship organisations apply the identified compositional strategies to further their social ambitions in a sustainable manner underpinned by frugal innovation to serve base-of-the-pyramid populations are illustrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared to the rest of the world, Japan does not rank high in terms of social entrepreneurial activity and individual social entrepreneurship. This study has found a positive impact from potential social entrepreneurs on social investors. However, the actual social investment experience may depend on certain regional characteristics (e.g. whether there are social entrepreneurs to invest in). Then, spatial analytics were introduced to improve the model's accuracy; furthermore, the results showed that actual social entrepreneurs in some areas were more likely to have experience in social investment, while potential social entrepreneurs are highly associated with social investors in areas without large cities. These findings assist in vitalising entrepreneurial ecosystems where entrepreneurs are linked with social investors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of resource mobilisation is fundamental in the creation of social value. However, the evidence that examines the approaches used by social entrepreneurs to mobilise critical resources in an environment with poor resources is limited. This study empirically explores social bricolage in the new research context of developing countries, building on the notion of 'social bricolage'). This abductive, multiple-case study adopts the qualitative methodological approach, using empirical data on five social enterprises in Egypt through in-depth interviews with industry experts, social entrepreneurs, and other management teams. Our study advances scholarly understanding of social bricolage by examining resource mobilisation processes over time in the resource-scarce context of developing countries. Our analysis traces the six social bricolage constructs: making do, refusal to be constrained by limitations, improvisation, the creation of social value, stakeholder participation, and persuasion and community involvement. Our empirical data identifies three more constructs associated with social bricolage: distributed leadership/teamwork, dynamic capabilities, and legitimacy (trust and reputation). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technologies can play an important role in developing and scaling social innovations, thanks to their ability to reach and mobilise communities of people, use resources more effectively, and provide fast and broad responses to social needs. Seeing this potential, Technology Social Ventures have arisen as a form of social enterprises that employ technologies to achieve their social impact. This study has systematically reviewed the extant knowledge regarding Technology Social Ventures, applying a 'micro-meso-macro' framework to structure the analysis. The results from this multi-level approach revealed ten primary areas of inquiry on the topic, as well as showed that the research field is still in early development and has not been academically delineated from Social Enterprises. Based on these findings, the paper outlines a research agenda to address the existing gaps and advance the field's development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social enterprises appear to offer innovative solutions for empowering women in entrepreneurship and achieving gender equality. This research, however, finds that female social entrepreneurs remain disadvantaged relative to their male counterparts during social entrepreneurial financing. Although this female-male disparity becomes diminished when ventures indicate more social value orientation, the results show that this is because more social value orientation reduces the funding to male founders but has no apparent effect on female founders. These results contribute to research on social entrepreneurship from a gender lens and call for greater attention to gender assumptions about social entrepreneurship in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite increased importance of SEs in the global marketplace, limited research in social entrepreneurship addresses internationalization, and fewer from a behavioural perspective. We fill this gap by investigating the SE manager's behavioural attributes and their influence on the decision of social entrepreneurs to become international social entrepreneurs (ISEs) through an exploratory design using content analysis and interviews. All social entrepreneurs were driven to address social change by a strong social conscience; however, this research finds that ISEs shared an urgent and personal call to action. This sense of urgency developed from transformative experiences that altered their views of the world and their place within it. Domestic social entrepreneurs were motivated primarily by their social conscience, shared background, and the timing of the social enterprise opportunity, factors previously identified in research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It is important to explain community forestry entrepreneurship in the context of community forest management, which continues to develop as social entrepreneurship that can increase sources of livelihood and environmental benefits. This study adapted the concept of community capital to explain the level of entrepreneurial capital and its influence on the performance of the Social Forestry Entrepreneurial Group (SFEG) through a quantitative approach by collecting data from Focus Group Discussions (FGD), interviews, observations, and literature studies. Data analysis was used with scoring, categorizing, and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study reveal the level of entrepreneurial capital in SFEG in the low to very high category is directly proportional to the simultaneous effect on performance. Natural capital, finance capital, and political capital significantly influence socioeconomic and environmental performance; political capital increases social capital, physical capital, and human capital. SFEG based on forest resource commodities as a source of livelihood needs to get attention, including increasing human capital in the form of intensive skills through a mentoring process by officers and easy access to funding sources through government policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge about whether entrepreneurs' backer‐oriented actions help facilitate successful fundraising, and the mechanism behind it, is still limited. This study aims to mitigate this gap by exploring reward‐based crowdfunding success through the consumer‐based perspective (CBP). Using the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), we investigate how entrepreneurs' backer‐oriented behaviour influences potential backers' information processing and changes their attitude towards campaigns. By analysing a unique dataset collected from China's largest reward‐based crowdfunding platform, our empirical results demonstrate that an entrepreneur's backer‐oriented behaviour and strength are positively associated with reward‐based crowdfunding success. This paper provides a new angle to investigate reward‐based crowdfunding success, emphasizing the importance of CBP during the fundraising stage. In addition to high‐quality campaign content, entrepreneurs' backer‐oriented actions, such as answering questions and providing elaborate answers, are crucial in facilitating fundraising. The implications for future theory development, empirical research and crowdfunding practitioners are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a departure from previous research that takes social ventures as a distinct organizational type, this study investigates the relationship between the pro‐market institutions in a country and the degree of hybridity in social ventures, focusing on the dimension of organizational goals. Additionally, it examines the contingent effects of organizational activities, such as the novelty of market offering and the implementation of social performance measurement. Combining Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data in 2009 and 2015 with other cross‐national databases, we test our theoretical predictions using 3648 startup social ventures across 42 countries. We find that pro‐market institutions have an inverted U‐shaped effect on the degree of hybridity in social ventures. Furthermore, the novelty of market offering and social performance measurement attenuate the impact of pro‐market institutions on organizational hybridity by shifting the inverted U‐shape to relatively negative and linear. Through this cross‐level empirical exploration, we develop a richer explanation of organizational hybridity and contribute to the growing literature on social ventures and hybrid organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: There is a paucity of studies on factors influencing social entrepreneurial behaviours or actions. Against this background, this study aims to explore factors and challenges affecting Enactus members' social entrepreneurial actions in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach: This study adopted a qualitative approach, and data were gathered through three focus group discussions involving 25 people (18 Enactus members, 4 faculty advisors and 3 business advisory board members). The study adopted a content analysis technique for data analysis. Findings: The findings reveal that social mission orientation, desire to create social impact and social problems influence Enactus members' social entrepreneurial actions. Other influencing factors include social entrepreneurial passion, moral obligation, social empathy and social support. In addition, the study finds that financial and time constraints affect Enactus members' social entrepreneurial actions. Practical implications: The findings have implications for social entrepreneurs/enterprises, governments/policymakers and Enactus members. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first qualitative study that provides insights into the factors influencing a group of people towards social entrepreneurial actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social enterprises, promoted by policymakers as effective and efficient public services producers and deliverers, are increasingly gaining academic focus. This paper explores the state of studies on social enterprise within Public Administration (PA) field, highlighting through a bibliometric analysis a community of 274 scholars contributing to 138 articles, grouped in six research clusters. We discuss three scenarios for SE-PA relationships: separation, cooperation, and integration into public administration & management (PAM) field alongside suggesting a future research agenda for SE in the PAM domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social innovation is an umbrella concept that allows space for a diverse range of perspectives to co-exist. In this paper, we explore how practitioners negotiate this complexity. Conducting 19 interviews with stakeholders involved in social enterprise and social care in Scotland, we show that almost anything can be conceived of as a social innovation as defined by the European Union. The EU definition can be a useful tool for organizations to demonstrate to funders how and why they are socially innovative. However, in failing to interrogate the power dimension of social innovation, the EU definition neglects any transformative potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Microfranchises (MFs), as an innovative organizational model, aim to enhance the productive capacity of the base of the pyramid (BoP) population in diverse contexts. We provide original insights into the underexplored role of MFs in the socioeconomic inclusion of victims of the conflict and former combatants in conflict settings while advancing theory-building in overlooked areas. To bridge these gaps, we use grounded theory in exploratory analysis of the total population sampling of 17 Colombian social enterprises/seven MFs financed by the United Nations Development Program and Inter-American Development Bank. Our results suggest that MFs were the most adopted organizational model in post-conflict Colombia, promoting the inclusion of victims and ex-combatants who collaboratively create contextualized solutions and prioritize community well-being, which has led to the development of a new iteration of the BoP model – BoP 4.0 - closely aligned with MFs, an innovative sustainable business typology developed. Its focus on Colombian social enterprises in post-conflict settings delimited this research. Thus, generalizing these findings beyond this context should be approached with caution. This study marks a significant contribution by revealing the pivotal role of MFs in promoting socioeconomic inclusion for victims in conflict-affected regions. Furthermore, it introduces the innovative concept of BoP 4.0, representing an evolution in sustainable business typology within the BoP framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper investigates the implications of the EU Cohesion Policy instrument Interreg through the implementation of cross-border cooperation projects on social entrepreneurship. Cross-border cooperation projects are implemented in Euroregions and invest in new knowledge and innovative solutions in policy priorities spread over social, environmental, and economic domains. Policy priorities in social and environmental domains overlap fields of play where social entrepreneurs operate. We build on the Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship and use a quantitative design to investigate the influence of EU-funded cross-border cooperation projects on the number of social enterprises in Luxembourg. We employed a rolling window analysis with ARIMA on a sample of 207 cross-border cooperation projects implemented between 2000 and 2020. We predicted social entrepreneurial activity in Euroregions in Luxembourg using investments through the EU Cohesion Policy in the social, environmental, and economic domains and identified a positive relationship in the social domain. The current study shows that investments in the social domain positively and significantly predict social entrepreneurial activity, supporting the critical role of the EU Cohesion Policy on social entrepreneurship. Our study discusses how social entrepreneurship can benefit from EU cross-border cooperation projects as recipients of potential knowledge spillovers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last two decades, ever-increasing numbers of refugees have left their home countries. As of 2022, around 27 million people were registered as refugees with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). While some consider refugees to be a burden on their host countries, there is growing evidence that they make significant contributions to host countries' economies, with rates of entrepreneurship higher than other migrant groups and host country nationals. To take stock of what is known about refugee entrepreneurship, this article undertakes a systematic review of the refugee entrepreneurship empirical literature. The systematic review provides insights into the factors which shape refugees' initiation of, engagement in, and performance of entrepreneurial endeavors and identifies gaps and inconsistencies in the current refugee entrepreneurship literature. Based on these gaps and inconsistencies, a future research agenda is proposed. By taking stock of what is known and proposing a future research agenda, this review has scholarly implications for the academic advancement of refugee entrepreneurship. Additionally, this review has policy implications. By better understanding the field of refugee entrepreneurship and its social and economic benefits, government policy-makers will be better positioned to design responsive policies to support refugee entrepreneurs in establishing their entrepreneurial endeavors. Finally, the findings of this review have practical implications for refugee entrepreneurs themselves, for example, by highlighting the resources that will assist entrepreneurs in pursuing entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public health nursing (PHN) competencies are fundamental for addressing population health inequities. Few pathways exist for employing these competencies in the United States (US). Social entrepreneurship in nursing education might provide opportunities for innovating engagement in population health. Partnerships between business and nursing schools have the potential to fulfill this opportunity. Purpose: Explore opportunities for re-invigorating public health nursing through social entrepreneurship education in nursing-business partnerships in U.S. universities. Methods: Reviewed programs in nursing/business school partnerships from Carnegie-classified R1 Universities. Identified appropriate coursework. Results: Of 96 identified nursing schools, eight had business school partnerships, providing 12 programs. Most programs (n = 11) targeted graduate students and addressed core competencies for entrepreneurship. Five business schools had entrepreneurship expertise. Five nursing schools had PHN expertise. Three programs included population health competencies. Discussion: Despite missed opportunities for advancing social entrepreneurship education among undergraduate and graduate nursing students, existing curricular offerings in the partnerships provide promise. Business/nursing partnerships and PHN knowledge can stimulate the preparation and agency of nurses in addressing population health inequities. • Social entrepreneurship education might transform population health nursing • Business and nursing school partnerships have capacity for entrepreneurship education • Public health nursing competencies are an essential tool for population health • This manuscript might help nurse educators involved in curriculum design [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the impact of stock market liberalization on entrepreneurship using non-financial firm-level data from 2007 to 2022. The results show that increased stock market liberalization promotes entrepreneurship by alleviating financial constraints, reducing corporate risk-taking, and enhancing corporate social responsibility. With a one percent increase in stock market liberalization, entrepreneurship improves by 8.60 percent. These findings remain robust even after replacing variables, changing model specifications, and addressing the endogeneity concerns. We also find the positive impact of stock market liberalization on entrepreneurship is more pronounced for firms with higher financing constraints, governance efficiency, industry competition, and eastern regions. This study underscores the significance of thoughtful financial market reforms in promoting entrepreneurship and ensuring high-quality economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social entrepreneurship is a topic of current interest to scientists. Social enterprises have helped to solve the remaining problems in society. Universities play an essential role in developing future social entrepreneurs by providing relevant knowledge to students. This study assesses the relationship between knowledge and social entrepreneurial intention through data collected from 1000 Vietnamese students. The survey was conducted in September 2021 using a questionnaire designed on google docs. The hypotheses were analyzed by partial least squares structural equation modeling with SmartPLS 3. The research results confirmed the importance of knowledge for students' social entrepreneurial intention formation. In particular, the entrepreneurship education and prior experience equipped in the university will help students gain confidence and have a positive attitude towards starting a social enterprise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the influence of four dimensions of emotional competence, including self-awareness, empathy, motivation, self-regulation and social skills on the social entrepreneurial intention of students through social entrepreneurial outcome expectations. Based on a data set of 482 final year students, the results of the study show that self-awareness, self-regulation and self-motivation affect social entrepreneurial intention and outcome expectations. In contrast, empathy and social skills only directly affect social entrepreneurial intention. This study suggests that higher educators and policymakers incorporate emotional competency development into the higher education process. Higher education should be the place to nurture a generation of emotionally competent and socially conscious entrepreneurs by establishing an educational environment that values and develops emotional intelligence and by providing practical, encouraging experiences that align with the tenets of social enterprise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social enterprises, social entrepreneurship and sustainable business models are increasingly common in sectors where Fair Trade does not have a strong presence (e.g. mobile phones and software). This research asks: To what extent do social and sustainability enterprises and entrepreneurship (SSEEs) in these 'distant' sectors engage the principles of Fair Trade? It draws on an in-depth, multi-method case study of SSEEs in the legal cannabis sector in Portland, Oregon, US. It analyzes data from magazine advertisements, public and industry events, and visits to 85 cannabis retailers. The results suggest that SSEEs in distant sectors may not be engaging some of the principles that are at the heart of Fair Trade. These include transparency, accountability, collaborative price-setting, pre-payment, honouring contracts, inclusive governance and worker organizing. SSEEs appear more engaged with the environment and buy-cotting (privileging) small producers, sustainable businesses and marginalized groups. How can Fair Trade encourage and empower SSEEs in distant sectors to engage more principles of Fair Trade? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Social entrepreneurship is a concept derived from entrepreneurship; but it has purposes and goals different from entrepreneurship. Social entrepreneurship activity intends to solve a social problem or to encourage social activity to create a sustainable solution. The purpose of this research was to design a digital social entrepreneurship model and test and fit it through structural equation modeling. Method: The research is a mixed qualitative and quantitative method. It is practical in terms of purpose and exploratory. The qualitative part is based on data-based theory and the quantitative part is based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population was the qualitative part of the research on businesses in the social and digital fields of the country. The data is based on interviews with 11 expert entrepreneurs and activists of these two business areas, through targeted sampling using the snowball method and a quantitative part by distributing researcher-made questionnaires among the entrepreneurs and managers of the above two regions. Has been collected. Validity and reliability were evaluated and confirmed by the Lincoln and Goba method. Qualitative data analysis was done with the help of Maxquda.2020 software and quantitative data analysis was done with SPSS and Smart PLS.3 software. Results: Based on the results of the qualitative part of the research, the concept of digital social entrepreneurship has formed the central phenomenon of the model. Out of 33 influential components, causal conditions with four components: personality traits, people's role models, neglected needs of society, special advantages of digital approach; Background conditions with the following components: society's acceptance, availability of entrepreneurship platform, knowledge and expertise of entrepreneurship and application of suitable tools of digital approach; Intervening factors in three categories: strengthening, weakening and potential; Strategies under five categories: partnership strategy, program formulation and professional implementation, facilitating conditions and supporting social businesses, long-term gradual growth and modeling; The consequences have been identified with the following components: the excellence of the society, the acquisition of a superior social position, the promotion of public welfare, the acceleration of affairs, the development of businesses, and the satisfaction of satisfied needs, and based on the findings of the quantitative part, the main relationships of the research model and Confirmed. Conclusion: If social entrepreneurs advance their activities toward solving social problems, with the bias of digitalization and using online services, they will be able to provide faster, more valuable, and wider services, beyond the territory of Providing a place for more needy people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the social entrepreneurship (SE) learning practices in non-profit organizations in both Canada and Brazil. Research on entrepreneurship has provided the understanding that learning is central to this phenomenon. However, little is known about the learning practices in SE. What research has been undertaken on this topic tends to take a psychological approach that we maintain excludes important social aspects of learning. To address this, we rely upon communities of practice theory, drawing on interviews in non-profit organizations in two different cultural contexts. We identify three learning practices: mutual engagement, shared repertoire, and social interaction, which are configured by power relations. This study, therefore, contributes to the theoretical and practical knowledge of SE learning by studying learning practices in two different geographical regions, showing that power can encourage or inhibit learning practices in SE organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rise of the social innovation concept, social entrepreneurship, as a new entrepreneurial model, is of significant importance for solving social issues and promoting sustainable development. As an economically developed province in eastern China, the cultivation of college students in social entrepreneurship has become key to driving local social progress and innovation. This study employs qualitative research methods to analyze the key elements and intrinsic connections of social innovation and social entrepreneurship, to assess the current state of social entrepreneurship and talent cultivation in Zhejiang Province, and to explore the successful experiences of cultivating social entrepreneurship talent among college students both domestically and internationally. It proposes pathways and strategies for cultivating college students' innovative thinking, fostering a sense of social responsibility, and guiding a sustainable development perspective in social entrepreneurship, with the aim of providing references for educational practices and policy-making in Zhejiang Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Datajadesta.com classifies tourist villages into four categories: independent, advanced, developing, and pioneering. More local communities gain from increased rural tourism managed by tourism-focused organizations. However, problems with management often arise, which increases the risk that the tourism sector won't grow or reach a certain level. This is a problem that any group that cares about tourism, like the Pokdarwis, must overcome. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the significant influence of social entrepreneurial orientation in advancing the sustainability of rural tourism (the so-called triple bottom line) in terms of benefits to the environment, community, and economy. This orientation can indirectly benefit the management strategies of tourism-aware organizations. While performing. Design/methodology/approach: By using accidental sampling, up to 34 rural tourism activists from each tourism awareness group across Indonesian rural tourism were gathered in accordance with the criteria from https://jadesta.kemenparekraf.go.id. Based on their advanced and mature levels, respondents were selected. autonomous tourist village. To ensure meaningful relationships, process the data using Smart Pls 4. Findings/Result: Hypothesis 1, social entrepreneurship orientation has a major impact on community empowerment. However, hypothesis 2 indicates that social entrepreneurship orientation has no significant impact on the sustainability of rural tourism. Finally, hypothesis 3 asserts that social entrepreneurship orientation has a significant impact on the sustainability of rural tourism through community empowerment. Conclusion: Encouraging community involvement in tourism development and promoting social entrepreneurship as a means of achieving the Triple Bottom Line, as well as the significant role it plays in empowering local communities and promoting sustainability in tourist villages. Originality/Value (State Of the art): The study highlights the critical role of social entrepreneurial orientation in promoting the sustainability of rural tourism through community empowerment, though it does not directly impact sustainability on its own. By classifying tourist villages into various development stages, the research underscores the necessity of effective management by organizations like Pokdarwis to overcome challenges and foster growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the barriers faced by persons with disabilities in securing employment and strategies to overcome these challenges. Topics include employers' discriminatory attitudes, lack of awareness about the rights and opportunities for workers with disabilities, and the challenges of workplace adaptation for these individuals.

Purpose: The creation of positive social change (PSC) is considered the primary success criterion when evaluating social enterprise performance. However, despite a proliferation of PSC-measurements, their empirical validity and applicability in emerging economies remain largely unclear. The quantitative study examines the validity of the PSC-measurement approaches proposed by Bloom and Smith (2010; Bloom and Smith approach [BSA]) and Weaver (2020b; Weaver approach [WA]) in South Africa. Design/methodology/approach: Investigating a representative sample of 347 social entrepreneurs from Gauteng and Limpopo provinces, the authors use questionnaire data to explore the factorial, convergent and discriminant validity of both PSC-measurement approaches. Statistically, this is done by applying factorial and correlation analyses. Findings: The results yield acknowledgeable differences. BSA has a high factorial and convergent validity, while its discriminant validity remains doubtful. For WA, problems concerning factorial validity occur. Research limitations/implications: Despite limited generalizability, the authors provide a first guideline for scholars regarding the empirical validity of BSA and WA outside the context of developed economies. Originality/value: The current study sheds light on the validity of two PSC-measurement approaches in an emerging economy context. This way, the authors contribute to the field by addressing the scarcity of empirical research and the restricted scope of developed economies regarding PSC-measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Governing the growth strategies of social ventures is one of the most significant challenges social entrepreneurs face. While social entrepreneurs strive for growth mainly to increase the social venture's impact on its key stakeholders, pursuing growth may result in mission drift with a detrimental neglect of dual mission objectives and stakeholder needs. In this conceptual article, we aim to contribute to an enhanced understanding of how growth unfolds in social ventures and how the governance of growth can prevent divergence from the venture's raison d'être in tackling stakeholder needs. Building upon the literature on organizational and social impact growth, we theorize four distinct growth strategies: benevolence‐driven, collaboration‐driven, skills‐driven, and consumption‐driven social venture growth. For each strategy, we identify underlying growth dynamics and derive principles for the governance of social venture growth. This way, we add to the emergent literature on social venture growth and dual mission management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The founder of a charitable organization dedicated to small livestock management for livelihood generation now confronts the additional challenge of supporting returnee migrant workers who lost their jobs due to COVID-19. Simultaneously, addressing the need to navigate the economy during and after the COVID era became imperative. India's diverse economic landscape, marked by substantial regional disparities, compels thousands of labourers to migrate annually for a better life. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the plight of these migrant labourers. Faced with joblessness and unable to sustain themselves in large cities, they began returning to their homes. The Goat Trust, actively promoting livelihood development in resource-deprived areas, is exploring avenues to reshape the value network of goat farming in India. The urgency of the situation demands immediate action. This scenario underscores the potential for social enterprises to play a pivotal role in building the new post-pandemic economy. Organizations like the Goat Trust can seize opportunities presented by this social crisis by upgrading and digitising local economies. This approach is pertinent to India and relevant to the global economy. Focusing on local economic development emerges as a key strategy for alleviating the profound economic depression induced by the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Philanthropic venture capitalists (PhVCs) are instrumental in providing access to capital to social enterprises. Our research aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of PhVCs in India. Using deals data for Indian startups from 2014 to 2020, we observe that, on average, 15% of the startup deals are PhVC‐funded, and the majority of these deals are in the early or growth stage of financing. Our research examines the challenges faced by social entrepreneurs by analyzing the point of negotiation between PhVCs and social entrepreneurs. We find that, on average, the post‐money valuation of social entrepreneurial ventures is lower than that of traditional start‐ups, suggesting towards the possibility of lower negotiation power compared to traditional entrepreneurs. This relatively lower valuation exists for all regions in India for growth and the late stages of financing. The study is important from a policy perspective to understand how policies can promote SEs and facilitate the smooth functioning of PhVCs looking to invest in social ventures. Improving venture capital funding avenues for social entrepreneurs is the key to reducing social ventures' financing constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlike traditional investing, where decisions follow a clear financial calculus, it is unclear how and why funders support hybrid ventures. To address this question, we analyze the varied priority that investors place on social impact versus financial returns and draw on categories theory to argue that different priority orderings associate with different perceptions of how hybridity aligns with different investment goals. Results show that funders who prioritize financial goals react positively when they perceive a venture exhibits greater hybridity, whereas funders who prioritize social impact do not. Our findings contribute to research on impact investing, hybrid organizations, and categories theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]