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OBJECTIVE: To determine the anatomy and anatomical relationships of the anterior ethmoidal artery in the Mexican population by analyzing computed tomography of the nose and paranasal sinuses, in order to make otolaryngologists aware of the anatomical variations of the anterior ethmoidal artery in different populations to prevent complications during frontal and ethmoid sinus surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective type, where computed scans of the nose and paranasal sinuses were included from December 2021 to December 2022. The studies were obtained from the database of data from a private radiological center. Images were made with a slice thickness of 1 mm. The axial, coronal and sagittal sections were analyzed, taking different measurements comparing the morphological variability between male and female gender, Asian, European and Mexican populations. RESULTS: Two hundred computed scans of the nose and paranasal sinuses (400 sides) were included showing a variability between the intranasal length of the anterior ethmoid artery on both sides. The rest of the measurements presented a similar range and minimal variation between the right and left sides and between men and women. CONCLUSIONS: The type of race and demographic group of a patient should be considered when analyzing the preoperative images to have a safe surgical planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To determine the anatomy and anatomical relationships of the anterior ethmoidal artery in the Mexican population by analyzing computed tomography of the nose and paranasal sinuses, in order to make otolaryngologists aware of the anatomical variations of the anterior ethmoidal artery in different populations to prevent complications during frontal and ethmoid sinus surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective type, where computed scans of the nose and paranasal sinuses were included from December 2021 to December 2022. The studies were obtained from the database of data from a private radiological center. Images were made with a slice thickness of 1 mm. The axial, coronal and sagittal sections were analyzed, taking different measurements comparing the morphological variability between male and female gender, Asian, European and Mexican populations. RESULTS: Two hundred computed scans of the nose and paranasal sinuses (400 sides) were included showing a variability between the intranasal length of the anterior ethmoid artery on both sides. The rest of the measurements presented a similar range and minimal variation between the right and left sides and between men and women. CONCLUSIONS: The type of race and demographic group of a patient should be considered when analyzing the preoperative images to have a safe surgical planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: To describe the frequency of anatomical variants of the vidian canal in otorhinolaryngology patients at a tertiary level hospital according to tomographically Lee's classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, observational and retrolective study was done through the analysis of tomographic studies of the nose and paranasal sinuses of adult patients from 21 to 90 years of age who attended the ISSSTE, included from July 1st to October 31st, 2022. Types of anatomical variant of the pterygoid canal of a body according to Lee's classification were evaluated, as well as the presence or not of canal dehiscence and the type of pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus. RESULTS: There were included 209 patients. Lee's type II pterygoid canal variant was found with the highest prevalence (41.4%), followed by type III (29.4%) and type I (29.2%). An 8.2% asymmetry between both pterygoid canals and 16% dehiscence of the canal roof were reported. CONCLUSIONS: In the Mexican population we confirmed the following prevalence: Lee type II variant, type III and type I. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Los mucoceles de los senos paranasales son tumoraciones expansivas que muestran diferentes presentaciones y localizaciones. Son tumores benignos de crecimiento lento, pero debido a la expansión que presentan causan la erosión y desplazamiento de las estructuras adyacentes, la edad de presentación varía de los 40 a los 60 años, sin predilección por el sexo. Aproximadamente en el 60-65% de casos afectan a los senos paranasales frontales. La clínica de presentación es variable y depende mucho del tamaño del mucocele, así como de su localización y tiempo de evolución, pueden permanecer asintomáticos por mucho tiempo y debutar con alguna complicación; en los de localización frontal los hallazgos más frecuentes son cefalea frontal, asimetría facial, alteraciones a nivel ocular como diplopía, proptosis ocular, disminución de la movilidad ocular, reducción de la agudeza visual, incluso pudiendo llegar a pérdida de la visión total en el ojo afecto; la expansión intracraneal también puede llevar a fístulas de líquido cefalorraquídeo, meningitis y abscesos cerebrales. En el diagnóstico es fundamental solicitar el par radiológico de tomografía y resonancia magnética con contraste para determinar la extensión real del mucocele, la afectación de las estructuras adyacentes y optar por la mejor terapéutica posible. Esta patología es de manejo quirúrgico, el objetivo es abrir la cavidad del mucocele para lograr una adecuada ventilación y drenaje del seno afecto, actualmente la cirugía endoscópica nasal o combinada es la terapéutica más empleada.

BACKGROUND: Glomangiopericytoma is a mesenchymal neoplasm derived from the Zimmerman pericytes described by Stout and Murray in 1942. The most frequent presentation is in the pelvic limbs followed by the abdominal cavity and the retroperitoneum. It is considered a low-grade, slow-growing sarcoma, with a malignancy frequency of 15-20%. The presentation in the head and neck is 15-30% and of these, only 5% is located at the sinonasal level. It occurs in middle-aged patients, affecting both sexes equally. The calculated survival is 80% at 5 years. Its etiology is unknown. Clinically, it presents as a pale, painless, slow-growing mass that leads to unilateral nasal obstruction, hyaline rhinorrhea, and occasionally epistaxis. Its diagnosis is made by histopathological and immunohistochemical study. Differential diagnoses include solitary fibrous tumor, leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, angiofibroma, synovial sarcoma, malignant schwannoma, etc. The treatment of choice is surgical excision with lesion-free margins. CLINICAL CASE: A 63-year-old female patient with a long-standing tumor in the right nostril, with an initial diagnosis by biopsy and immunohistochemistry of Ewing's sarcoma that after surgical management was diagnosed as nasosinusal glomangiopericytoma. CONCLUSIONS: Glomangiopericytoma is an infrequent tumor of mesenchymal origin and extremely rare at the nasosinusal level, with slow growth and nonspecific clinical manifestations that make its suspicion difficult. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neuroendocrine carcinomas are rare tumors of the nose and sinuses. They are considered primitive tumors and are the least differentiated from the diffuse neuroendocrine system. We report a 49-year-old female patient who attends the otolaryngology service at the Central Military Hospital referring mass in the left nasal cavity with a progressive growth over a period of 9 months, including epistaxis, as well as left nasal obstruction. Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography imaging studies showed a tumor occupying the entirety of the left nasal cavity to the nasopharynx, with heterogeneous uptake of the contrast medium. Tumor resection is decided by endoscopic approach (maxillary sinusotomy type III, left anterior and posterior ethmoidectomy, left sphenoid Draf type II, left frontal Draf IIa as well as posterior septectomy). The pathology service reported a moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma. The treatment was decided joint session with the medical oncology service. These types of tumors are a diagnostic challenge because of the complexity to differentiate them in a histopathological study. Their effective differentiation can have a clinical impact, that's why the advances in therapeutic intervention could prolong patient survival, improve quality of life and even find a cure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nasal Cavity can be divided by the nasal septum into two cavities, extending from the nares above until choanae subsequently, continuing from there with the nasopharynx. Usually both cavities are different sizes. Each side can be divided into a nasal vestibule and nasal cavity itself. The aim of this paper is to describe the endonasal anatomy and correlate with tomographic images of cadaveric cuts. We used 15 (fifteen) bodies fixed with 10% formalin and preserved in phenoxetol 4% carbolic acid and 1%; to which underwent endonasal endoscopic dissection. Then five were sectioned in sections on the coronal and axial plane.**The nasal endoscopic examination should follow a systematic progression in three major steps: 1) Lobby nasal, septum, inferior meatus and nasopharynx. Sphenoethmoidal; 2) Recess and superior meatus; 3) middle meatus. Tomographic images of craniofacial used without contrast axilal and coronal slices. The different axial and coronal head compared with the tomographic slices of craniofacial, which allows the location of relevant anatomical elements when planning an endonasal approach. The endoscope is an instrument used to look inside a body cavity, duct or hollow organ. It consists of a flexible tube which has a light and a camera at the end of the probe. Introducing the instrument, it is used through a natural body orifice such as the mouth, nose nostril, rectum or urethra, or also through an incision. Endoscopic surgery of nose and paranasal sinuses is a surgical technique that has spread rapidly. Sinonasal pathology and anatomical variations make essential the use of diagnostic endoscopy and computed tomography. In times when tomographic findings do not match the endoscopic view, comes into play the role of anatomical knowledge to conserve important structures in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews the history of endoscopy of the nose and paranasal sinuses in the Mexican Republic. The objective is to know why actually in the most countries the chirurgical and diagnostic rhinosinusal endoscopy is the gold standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteomas are the most frequent benign neoplasm of paranasal sinus, with a low prevalence, are characterized by slow and progressive growth, often asymptomatic in early stages. In general, treatment varies according to location and complications associated. This paper reports the case of a 26-year-old man, with 3 years history of right proptosis and hypoglobus associated to pain, diplopia and fetid rhinorrhea. Computed tomography (CT) showed a hyperdense lesion in frontal and ethmoidal sinuses, extended to superomedial quadrant of right orbit. Incisional biopsy diagnosed osteoma. Osteoma removal was performed through combined endoscopic and external approach. Most of paranasal sinus osteomas are located in the frontal sinus, in men in the third to fourth decades of life. The osteomas etiology is still unclear. Usually, osteomas are diagnosed incidentally through studies made for other reason or as complications caused by tumor growth, in whose surgical treatment is indicated. Despite osteomas are tumors with slow growth, they can have repercussions, due to the displacement of adjacent structures such as the eyeball, involving not only cosmetic but also functional changes, that can revert to a greater or lesser extent with an adequate surgical management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Implant Dentistry is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente de 56 años de edad, ingresado en el Servicio de Neumología del Hospital General Docente "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, quien refería que desde hacía 2 años presentaba obstrucción nasal del lado izquierdo que había progresado a ambas fosas nasales, con protrusión del globo ocular del mismo lado, así como dolor de moderada intensidad en la región cervical que limitaba los movimientos en esta región. Se tomaron muestras para biopsia del pólipo en el seno maxilar, cuyos resultados corroboraron la presencia de una enfermedad granulomatosa de origen tuberculoso en los senos paranasales, para lo cual se prescribió la categoría 1 de tratamiento con los 4 medicamentos establecidos a los efectos

Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El seno maxilar está presente como una pequeña cavidad desde el nacimiento y comienza su desarrollo durante el tercer mes de vida intrauterina, alcanzando su máximo desarrollo alrededor de los 18 años, la evolución del seno tiene relación con la cronología. Pueden existir patologías y procesos tumorales, visibles o no a través de radiografías convencionales, que se desarrollen en él. Ello está determinado por la superposición de estructuras anatómicas existentes en el cráneo, por lo que se puede utilizar en estos estudios la tomografía axial computarizada. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 50 años de edad, que presentó aumento de volumen a nivel del seno maxilar izquierdo. En el examen intraoral se observó la ausencia de los dientes 18 y 28. Durante el estudio radiológico se pudo constatar la radiopacidad en el seno maxilar derecho y la más acentuada en el izquierdo. Mediante la tomografía axial computarizada se determinó la presencia de ambos dientes, 18 y 28, involucrados en ambos senos maxilares. Los resultados demostraron que la evaluación clínica, unida al empleo de la tomografía axial computarizada, constituye métodos eficaces para el diagnóstico de patologías y presencia de dientes retenidos en los senos maxilares

INTRODUCTION: malignant tumors of the nose and paranasal sinuses represent 1% of malignant neoplasms of the body and 3% of those originating in the upper respiratory tract; the most common is epidermoid carcinoma. OBJECTIVE: determine the concordance between results of malignant neoplasms detected by pathology and those detected by computed tomography. MATERIAL AND METHODS: of histopathological results for malignant neoplasms of the nose and paranasal sinuses, obtained from 2012 to 2015, those with interpretation were included. We determined how many neoplasms were diagnosed as such in image studies and calculated the concordance with the Kappa coefficient. RESULTS: of 192 histopathological results of malignant neoplasms of the nose and paranasal sinuses, in the period studied, 42 had tomography and interpretation; the non-concordant proportion was 15 (35.7%) cases, the concordant proportion was 27 (64.3%) cases, and the observed proportion was 0.64; the expected proportion was estimated at 0.26, calculating a Kappa coefficient of 0.51 with "moderate" strength concordance. CONCLUSIONS: we can conclude that, to increase diagnostic concordance, it is essential to have a good clinical history and examination of the patient. In extension studies, it is important to have a suspected site of the primary tumor and conduct acquisition protocols and post-process protocols suitable for the head and neck region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sinonasal region in humans is one of the regions that commonly shows anatomical variations. These variations can be easily diagnosed by paranasal CT evaluation. One of these variations is Crista galli pneumatization. In recent years, there have been opinions supporting the hypothesis that pneumatization originates from the frontal sinus. In this study, we planned to evaluate whether the presence of Crista galli pneumatization varied in pre-adult and adult periods. In this retrospectively designed study, 218 coronal paranasal CT images collected between 2012 and 2013 were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups according to age under or over 18 years. In the group under the age of 18 (97 cases), pneumatization was detected in 2.1% of samples, while in the group over the age of 18 (121 cases), crista galli pneumatization was observed in 15.7% of samples. According to these results, crista galli pneumatization was found to increase in adulthood. Considering that the frontal sinus is in a rudimentary state at birth, it is radiographically detected first at 6 years of age, and reaches its main size in puberty, this increase in pneumatization runs parallel to the development of the frontal sinus. Consequently, this supports the opinion that crista galli pneumatization originates from the frontal sinus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico transversal de 120 pacientes atendidos en el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital Provincial Clinicoquirúrgico Docente" Manuel Ascunce Domenech" de Camagüey, por el sistema de cirugía mayor ambulatoria, en el período de enero 1998 a diciembre 1999, con el objetivo de evaluar sus resultados en intervenciones complejas. Predominó el sexo masculino con el 59,2 % y dicha cirugía se realizó con mayor frecuencia entre los 25 y 34 años de edad. Las intervenciones más frecuentes fueron la reducción de fracturas orbitocigomáticas y nasales, cirugía sinusal y rinoplasia correctora, y los procederes quirúrgico y anestésico fueron satisfactorios, con escasas complicaciones posoperatorias no inherentes a estos. El proceder proporcionó un alto grado de satisfacción al paciente. El ahorro a la institución fue de $ 61 757.04 MN, lo que demuestra lo necesario de incrementar esta modalidad en nuestra institución.A crosswise, analytical and observational study was performed on 120 patients that underwent ambulatory major surgery in the maxillofacial surgery department of "Manuel Ascunce" Provincial Teaching Clinical and Surgical Hospital in Camaguey from January 1998 to December 1999. The objective was to evaluate the results of these complex interventions. Males prevailed (59,2%) and this type of surgery was mostly applied in the 25-34y age group. The most frequent interventions were the setting of orbito-zygomatic and nasal fractures, sinus surgery and corrective rhinoplasty. The surgical and anesthetic procedures were satisfactory with little post-operative complications no related to them. Ambulatory major surgery offered a high level of satisfaction to the patients. The institution saved 61 757.04 pesos, which showed that this modality should be more applied in our institution.

Objective. To determine the prevalence of oroantral communication (OC) in the area of boccomaxillofacial surgery at the Hipólito Unanue hospital between the years 2002 and 2012. Materials and methods. Observational, descriptive and cross study. 12 clinical histories were included, with diagnosis of OC, which presented a legible x- ray report and were in good conditions. Variables as sex, age, etiology, hemiarcady (localization) and dental piece were analyzed. Univariate and bivariate were used. Results. A prevalence of OC of 3.1% was found. The 100% of the cases had an iatrogenic etiology. The mean age of the patients was 49.6 ± 14.3 years old; the dental pieces that were involved on frequency order were the first (66.7%), second (25%) and third upper molar (8.3%). Regarding to its location were eight (66.7%) in the left hemiarcady and four (33.3%) in right hemiarcady. Conclusions. The OC is a complication of low prevalence and is extremely important to know its etiology, location and the dental pieces most frequently relate to it, in order to avoid future complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presentamos un caso de síndrome del seno silente. Se trata de una entidad infrecuente caracterizada por enoftalmos provocada por atelectasia homolateral del seno maxilar sin síntomas nasales ni paranasales. Si bien el diagnostico es clínico, la confirmación se logra mediante las imágenes.We present a case of silent sinus syndrome. It is an uncommon entity characterized by enoftalmos caused by homolateral atelectasia of the maxillary sinus without nasal nor paranasal symptoms. Although the diagnoses is clinical, the confirmation is achieved by images.

Un mayor entendimiento de la anatomía y fisiología del sistema mucociliar de las vías aéreas superiores, el desarrollo y popularización de la cirugía endoscópica funcional y nuevas técnicas en imágenes diagnósticas, han permitido una mejor comprensión de la patología de las cavidades paranasales, facilitando hacer un diagnóstico temprano y un tratamiento más efectivo. La complejidad en el manejo de las enfermedades que afectan las cavidades paranasales hacen obligatorio que los médicos tengan conceptos claros sobre la indicación de cada una de las modalidades y las alternativas iconológicas en el di diagnóstico y seguimiento de las diferentes alteraciones.

The case report of a 56 year-old patient is presented, admitted in the Pneumology Service from "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba who presented nasal obstruction of the left side since 2 years ago, which had progressed to both nasal cavities, with protrusion of the eye ball of the same side, as well as moderate pain in the cervical region that limited the movements in this region. Samples of the polyp for biopsy ere taken in the maxillary sinus, which results corroborated the presence of a granulomatous disease of tuberculous origin in the paranasal sinuses, for which the category 1 of treatment was prescribed with the 4 drugs for this condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista ADM is the property of Asociacion Dental Mexicana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Los senos paranasales son un sitio frecuente de infecciones en niños, sin embrago la proporción mayor está dada por eventos virales que suelen ser difícil de distinguir de los procesos bacterianos no complicados. Esta última no es una patología frecuente en la población pediátrica y su sospecha es mas por la evolución clínica de procesos respiratorios prolongados y también por la magnitud de estos síntomas (aspecto tóxico con temperatura mayor o igual de 39ºc con descarga nasal purulenta) por más de tres días. Los estudios considerados como de precisión diagnósticos como el cultivo por aspiración directa en los senos paranasales se ven limitados en la población infantil por la mayor dificultad y complicaciones que podrían tener con respecto a los adultos por el desarrollo anatómicos del paciente pediátrico. Entre sus indicaciones están estados de toxicidad severa, pacientes inmunocomprometidos o complicaciones supurativas. El TAC de senos paranasales es el criterio estándar tanto para la evaluación de la inflamación mucosa como para la determinación de anormalidades anatómicas. Es importante diferenciar por los datos del tiempo de evolución y el estado general la etiología viral de la bacteriana y realizar el manejo de acuerdo a esto. La amoxicilina sigue siendo el antibiótico de primera opción y de acuerdo a la respuesta esperada se indicará el manejo alternativo. Los antihistamínicos no se recomiendan a menos que coexistan con procesos alérgicos persistentes. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2010, 1(1): 107-113.

The main risk factors for aspergillosis are severe immunosuppression states such as severe and prolonged neutropenia. The penetration of Aspergillus spp in the connective tissue and vascular thrombosis occurs and eventually tissue necrosis. A case of a preschool with aplastic anemia who developed aspergillosis etmoidomaxilar being managed with amphotericin B and voriconazole had a fatal outcome. Sinus aspergillosis is a rare entity. Fulminant invasive aspergillosis is a very serious process that usually affects immunocompromised patients. To avoid the high mortality and morbidity associated with this process, it is essential to diagnosis and early treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Injuries by pneumatic weapons have an important place in a health system statistics, however, sometimes the cases are not reported as legal because even exist a wrong idea about it's legal uses and restrictions in Mexico. Between the varieties of this kind of injuries, that caused to the paranasal sinuses occuped an especial place because they are uncommon, fortunately there are a few cases reported with successful outcome. We present an 8-year-old male who suffered an injury to the paranasal sinuses with a pellet air gun. The pneumatic weapons must be used carefully between the pediatric population, because of the high morbidity and mortality. This is an important public health problem and is increasing around the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Patología is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)