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Burns are the consequence of tissue harm caused by extended exposure to extreme heat, sunlight radiation, other types of radiation, chemicals, or electricity. Burns can vary from minor to life-threatening, and the appropriate treatment depends on the seriousness and location of the burn. Severe and extensive burns necessitate immediate medical attention, and some individuals may need specialized care centers and ongoing medical check-ups for several months. Electric burns occur when the skin is exposed to a weak or strong electric shock, and they can be categorized as mild or severe depending on the length and intensity of the shock. In this case study, we present the treatment of a severe electric burn on a 10-year-old boy's right leg using nano-zinc bandages. The use of these bandages proved to be highly effective in healing the child's injured leg. This case study discusses the treatment of a severe electric burn in a 10-year-old boy using zinc nanoparticles. The authors observed positive outcomes in terms of skin healing after the application of nano-zinc bandages. Zinc nanoparticles have attracted attention due to their antimicrobial properties and ability to aid wound healing. The main significant clinical output is that the case suggests the potential of zinc nanoparticles in aiding wound healing for burns and emphasizing the need for further research on their effectiveness and safety on a larger scale. However, it is important to note that this is a single case study for burning treatments and further research is required to determine the effectiveness and safety of zinc nanoparticles in burn treatment. Resumen: Las quemaduras son la consecuencia del daño en los tejidos causado por la exposición prolongada al calor extremo, la radiación solar, otros tipos de radiación, productos químicos o electricidad. Las quemaduras pueden variar desde leves hasta potencialmente mortales, y el tratamiento adecuado depende de la gravedad y ubicación de la quemadura. Las quemaduras severas y extensas requieren atención médica inmediata, y algunas personas pueden necesitar centros de atención especializada y controles médicos continuos durante varios meses. Las quemaduras eléctricas ocurren cuando la piel se expone a una descarga eléctrica débil o fuerte, y pueden ser clasificadas como leves o severas según la duración e intensidad de la descarga. En este estudio de caso, presentamos el tratamiento de una grave quemadura eléctrica en la pierna derecha de un niño de 10 años utilizando vendajes de nano-zinc. El uso de estos vendajes demostró ser altamente efectivo en la curación de la pierna lesionada del niño. Este estudio de caso discute el tratamiento de una severa quemadura eléctrica en un niño de 10 años utilizando nanopartículas de zinc. Los autores observaron resultados positivos en términos de curación de la piel tras la aplicación de los vendajes de nano-zinc. Las nanopartículas de zinc han llamado la atención debido a sus propiedades antimicrobianas y capacidad para ayudar en la curación de heridas. El principal resultado clínico significativo es que se sugiere el potencial de las nanopartículas de zinc para ayudar en la curación de quemaduras y se destaca la necesidad de más investigaciones sobre su efectividad y seguridad a mayor escala. Sin embargo, es importante tener en cuenta que este es un solo estudio de caso sobre tratamientos para quemaduras y se requiere más investigación para determinar la efectividad y seguridad de las nanopartículas de zinc en el tratamiento de quemaduras.

Resumen Introducción y objetivo. El tratamiento de heridas, y en particular el de las quemaduras es complejo, son lesiones de alto costo e implican amplios periodos de hospitalización, además de incapacidades físicas, laborales y alteraciones emocionales. Existen diferentes tratamientos para su manejo, entre ellos, recientemente, los xenoinjertos de piel de tilapia, del Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus), un pez de agua dulce nativo de África que se encuentra y cultiva comúnmente en diferentes países tropicales y subtropicales. Es un tejido rico en fibras de colágeno tipo I y III, con resistencia a la humedad y estructura similar a la piel humana. Usada como xenoinjerto, posee propiedades antiinflamatorias y antibacterianas que apoyan y mejoran la cicatrización. Evaluamos la eficacia de los injertos de piel de tilapia en comparación con técnicas alternativas para el tratamiento de quemaduras. Material y método. Búsqueda bibliográfica sistemática en las bases de datos PubMed y ScienceDirect, utilizando los términos MeSH, con la ecuación de búsqueda (tilapia skin) AND (burns), incluyendo estudios de casos y controles, reportes de caso y ensayos controlados aleatorios. Resultados. Analizamos 5 trabajos para el estudio final; 4 eran de Brasil (país que actualmente tiene más experiencia en el uso de piel de tilapia en regeneración tisular) y el quinto de Indonesia. Todos en inglés. Conclusiones. De nuestra revisión podemos concluir que, en la actualidad, no existe una técnica estándar para tratar heridas, sin embargo, los injertos de piel de tilapia demostraron una mejor y más rápida cicatrización de heridas, menos cambios de apósitos, menos dolor y costos más bajos, en comparación con las técnicas convencionales. Nivel de evidencia científica 5c Terapéutico

Resumen Introducción y objetivo. Prevenir la condritis es un pilar importante en el tratamiento de las quemaduras del pabellón auricular teniendo en cuenta que, en la actualidad, no existe un protocolo de manejo frente a esta patología y sus posteriores complicaciones. El presente estudio pretende analizar la literatura disponible acerca del manejo de las quemaduras auriculares y comparar el uso de membrana amniótica frente a la cura oclusiva en un grupo de pacientes con quemadura en pabellón auricular para prevenir la deformidad de oreja en coliflor como secuela. Material y método. Revisión de la literatura sobre las diversas formas de tratamiento de las quemaduras auriculares y estudio en un grupo de pacientes de la Unidad de Quemados de la Subred Integrada de Servicios en Salud Norte E.S.E. UHMES Simón Bolívar de Bogotá, D.C., Colombia, con quemaduras en pabellones auriculares a los que se les aplicó membrana amniótica para cubrir las lesiones con el fin de disminuir el riesgo de condritis y la consecuente deformidad en coliflor, entre otras complicaciones. Resultados. De la revisión de la literatura obtenemos una comparativa del uso de tratamientos conservadores frente a quirúrgicos y en el estudio sobre pacientes tratados con membrana amniótica observamos una importante disminución en la respuesta inflamatoria local, dolor, frecuencia de curaciones y por lo tanto, menor estancia hospitalaria. Conclusiones. Nuestro trabajo aporta revisión bibliográfica y experiencia propia comparativa de interés para la prevención de la condritis postquemadura auricular y contribuye a protocolizar el tratamiento de este tipo de lesiones a fin de evitar sus secuelas. Nivel de evidencia científica 4c Terapéutico

Currently, the use of dermal regeneration matrices in full-thickness burns is widely extended, and numerous studies have shown the improvement in flexibility and elasticity of the resulting skin compared to the use of autologous skin grafts alone. In this article, we present a patient who suffered a deep burn on the dorsal surface of his hand in a military context of the current conflict between Russia and Ukraine. After being evacuated to Spain, he was successfully treated at our centre with a dermal regeneration matrix covered with an autologous skin graft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Resumen Introducción: En el proceso de una intervención quirúrgica actúa un equipo multidisciplinar, cada uno de estos miembros realiza sus funciones correspondientes y son interdependientes, pero se complementan entre sí. La seguridad del paciente no consiste en crear un dispositivo complejo y muy costoso o en un profesional excelente, sino en aplicar a nuestro trabajo diario y en nuestra práctica habitual el mejor conocimiento posible. La gestión de riesgos clínicos se basa en la identificación, el análisis y la corrección de las causas que originan o pudieran originar daño secundario al paciente tras el procedimiento o la administración de cuidados, y la iatrogenia es uno de los factores de análisis y control. Caso clínico: Paciente de 15 años, que tras ser intervenido de torsión testicular derecha presentó quemadura por bisturí eléctrico en cara interna del muslo, producida de forma iatrogénica durante el procedimiento quirúrgico. La causa de la quemadura fue el descontrol de la placa de seguridad del bisturí electrónico usado en la intervención. Plan de actuación: Se realizó cura en ambiente húmedo con apósito de alginato de Ag, que se fijó con apósito de espuma de silicona con reborde. El retroceso y estancamiento de la evolución precisó de antibioterapia sistémica tras cultivo y antibiograma, que propició la resolución del caso hasta la cicatrización total de la herida. Discusión y conclusiones: La cura en ambiente húmedo se convierte en una alternativa efectiva ante este tipo de lesiones. El abordaje integral y multidisciplinar del paciente y la posterior planificación de actuaciones se han mostrado eficaces a la hora de solucionar los problemas detectados en la valoración inicial, conllevando determinadas ventajas, así como el análisis y evaluación del proceso de seguridad del paciente.

Background and objective. Treatment of wounds, and burns in particular, is complex, they are high-cost injuries, imply long periods of hospitalization, additionally physical and work disabilities and emotional disturbances. There are different treatments available for its management, recently including tilapia skin xenografts. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a fresh water fish, native to Africa and commonly found and farmed in different tropical and subtropical countries. The skin It is a tissue rich in type I and III collagen fibers and has resistance to moisture and skin alterations similar to human skin. Used as a xenograft, it possess anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties that support and enhance healing. In this study, we evaluate the efficacy of tilapia skin grafts in comparison with alternative techniques for the treatment of burns. Methods. A systematic bibliographic search was carried out using the PubMed and ScienceDirect data bases, MeSH terms were used with the search equation (tilapia skin) AND (burns), including case-control studies, case reports, and randomized controlled trials. Results. Five papers were included for the final study; 4 were from Brazil (the country that currently has the most experience in the use of tilapia skin in tissue regeneration) and 1 from Indonesia, all of them were written in English. Conclusions. There is currently no standard technique for treating wounds, however, fish skin grafts demonstrated faster and improved wound healing, fewer dressing changes, less pain, and lower costs, compared with conventional techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective. Preventing chondritis is an important pillar in the treatment of burns of the auricular pavilion because, currently, there is no management protocol for this pathology and its subsequent complications. The present study aims to analyze the available literature on the management of auricular burns, and to compare the use of amniotic membrane versus occlusive treatment in a group of patients with burns in the auricular pavilion to prevent cauliflower ear. Methods. Literature review of the different ways of treatment for ear burns and study in a group of patients from the Burn Unit of the Integrated Subred of Health Services North E.S.E. Simón Bolívar (UHMES) from Bogotá D.C Colombia, with burns on the auricular pavilion to which amniotic membrane was applied to cover up the injuries in order to reduce the risk of chondritis and the consequent cauliflower deformity, among other complications. Results. From the literature review, we obtain a comparison between the use of conservative treatments versus surgical procedures and, in the study of patients treated with amniotic membrane, we observed a significant decrease in the local inflammatory response, pain, frequency of wound healing, and therefore, shorter hospital stay. Conclusions. Our study provides a bibliographic review and our own comparative experience, both of interest for the prevention of post-auricular burn chondritis and contributes to create protocols for treatment of this type of injury in order to avoid its sequelae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Burns represent a complex medical entity, not only due to the management required, but because of the different systemic complications present in these patients, currently, gastrointestinal alterations have been the subject of study for its correlation as a factor of poor prognosis in the natural history of the disease. This paper addresses the different gastrointestinal clinical entities present in burned patients among which are: ileus, bleeding digestive, compartimental syndrome, intestinal perforation and pseudomembranous colitis. To speak of gastrointestinal complications is to refer not only to the complications of the injury, but in many cases secondary to a vigorous medical treatment to which the patient is exposed, as such there is no classification based on the period in which these complications appear; that why a search was made of the different complications in relation to their time of appearance and a classification is proposed in acute and chronic, taking into account the first week of their development for their best understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: calcium gluconate extravasation burns can cause serious complications. The aim of this article is to describe our experience of treating newborns with this type of burn. Cases presentation: we present three neonates with severe burns due to calcium gluconate extravasation. In all three, management consisted of the use of a hydrocolloid patch, surgical debridement, and placement of a hydrofiber dressing with silver, until healing was complete by secondary intention. With this treatment, the patients achieved their recovery in approximately one month. Conclusions: patients with burns due to calcium gluconate extravasation require timely treatment; the staged management that we have described appears to be effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumen Introducción y Objetivo El 70% de los grandes quemados presentan compromiso de la cara y su tratamiento quirúrgico depende de la profundidad de la quemadura; generalmente, en las de espesor profundo se indica escisión tangencial temprana y cobertura inmediata una vez el paciente se encuentre reanimado; en las de espesor parcial se indica dermoabrasión y cobertura con diferentes agentes tópicos, apósitos sintéticos o biológicos. Sin embargo, las curaciones con agentes tópicos son dolorosas y frecuentes, y muchos de los apósitos sintéticos y biológicos son costosos y poco accesibles para algunos sistemas de salud. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el uso de membrana amniótica preservada en glicerol como apósito biológico temporal en el tratamiento de quemaduras faciales de segundo grado, superficial y profundo. Material y Método Estudio descriptivo observacional prospectivo mediante serie de 53 casos consecutivos. Empleamos como cobertura temporal membrana amniótica preservada en glicerol al 85% procedente del Banco de Tejidos del Instituto Distrital de Ciencia, Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud (IDCBIS) de la Secretaría de Salud de Bogotá (Colombia), en forma expuesta, inmediatamente después de dermoabrasión mecánica en pacientes con quemaduras faciales de espesor parcial superficial y profundo. Resultados Con una sola aplicación, sin necesidad de ningún tipo de tópicos y vendajes secundarios, los pacientes epitelizaron entre el 5 y el 10° día sin graves secuelas cicatriciales; algunos tuvieron un periodo de hospitalización superior a 10 días debido a mayor extensión con compromiso de otras áreas corporales; ningún paciente presentó infección y todos manifestaron ausencia de dolor postoperatorio. Conclusiones El uso de membrana amniótica como apósito biológico temporal en el tratamiento de las quemaduras faciales de espesor parcial superficial y profundo es un recurso económico, efectivo y accesible en países que cuentan con disponibilidad del banco de piel. Su aplicación tras dermoabrasión evitó la realización de curaciones diarias, controló el dolor y promovió la epitelización de la zona quemada.

Introduction: In Cuba, burns have stayed among the first 5 causes of death due to accidents and constitute a health problem in the youth population. Objective: To describe some social health determinant in children and adolescents with burns. Method: A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 60 patients, up to 18 years was carried out. They were assisted in the Caumatology Service of Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba during 2017. The SPSS statistical package, version 11.5 for Windows, was used to process the information, as well as the absolute frequency and the percentage for the analysis of the results. Results: In the series there was a prevalence of the 1-4 age group (41.6 %), boiling liquids as main causal agent of burns (45.0 %), besides the problems related to water supply, residual deposit system, houses with no tiled floor (18.3 %), use of high risk energy to cook (53.9 %) and overcrowding (46.6 %). Conclusions: By means of the identification of social determinants in the community possible ways of getting sick can be detected and draw up strategies aimed at preventing diseases and achieve healthy populations.

Presentado en sesión de 25 de abril de 1961

Las lesiones cutáneas abiertas agudas, entre ellas las quemaduras de piel en niños representan un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial y en Venezuela, considerándose el aspecto sociocultural prevalente se presume permanecerán en el tiempo, aunque las cifras epidemiológicas no son bien conocidas. Para su atención todavía se utiliza predominantemente la técnica de cura seca (dolorosa, agresiva, con baja adherencia terapéutica), sin protocolo definido, aunado a la deficiencia de recursos para el manejo clínico. Objetivo: describir una serie de casos de cura húmeda con el dispositivo médico apósito Dermo-Bix, mostrando los beneficios clínicos y de calidad de vida. Metodología: se diseña estudio de serie de casos en quemaduras en cinco (5) niños tratados en el contexto de la Cura Húmeda utilizando dispositivo médico apósito Dermo-Bix, como producto bioactivo natural de la planta del orden Magnoliopsida. Resultado: estado clínico de curación (sin dolor ni sangrado, sin analgésico, buena adherencia terapéutica, epitelización en corto tiempo) y calidad de vida satisfactoria (sueño, cotidianidad pediátrica y emocional). Conclusión: dada su bondad clínica y calidad de vida es relevante considerarse herramienta de elección para cicatrizar quemaduras de piel en niños.

Copyright of Gerokomos is the property of Indemm Farma SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The bulb of Allium cepa Linnaeus (onion) is used in traditional medicine as an antidiabetic, antioxidant, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and antihyperlipidemic, among others. The lack of information or little knowledge about the effects of Allium cepa L. on skin lesions, specifically burn wounds, arouses interest in studying its effects on these skin disorders. Objective: This study assessed the wound healing activity of Allium cepa L. on second-degree burns induced in Holtzman rats. Method: Thirty-two albino rats were randomly distributed into four groups of 8 rats each, including the Healthy group, the Control group, the Experimental group (Allium cepa L.), and the Standard group (1% silver sulfadiazine). Burn wounds were induced, and topical treatments were performed daily for 21 days. The reduction of the burned body area (mm2) was determined during the experimental time. Albino rats were sacrificed with an excess of surgical anesthesia to obtain tissue samples for histopathological analysis. Results: Standard and experimental groups significantly reduced burned body area (p<0.01) compared to the control group. Histopathological studies showed hyperemic chorion in the Control group, fibroblasts, and collagen in the Standard group, and dermis composed of a reticular stratum of fibroblasts, collagen, and few blood vessels in the Experimental group. Conclusion: Allium cepa L. revealed wound-healing activity on burns induced in Holtzman rats and reduced the damage produced by burns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se realizó una revisión del tema de las quemaduras y de su terrible complicación, la infección, utilizando un enfoque práctico, con el propósito de actualizar los conceptos relevantes del mismo y de prevenir las indeseables consecuencias de esta patología, tanto más graves cuanto menos 'adecuada sea su terapéutica. Una larga experiencia personal y una extensa consulta bibliográfica, sirvieron de base al trabajo realizado, cuya conclusión es la de que al tema debe dársele mayor importancia y difusión en los medios científicos y académicos, en defensa y beneficio de un gran número de pacientes que en nuestro medio son víctimas de esta grave enfermedad.

Helium has historically been used to fill floating balloons. Helium is one of the lightest elements on the periodic table; it is a nobel gas, therefore it is non-flammable, non-toxic and safe for filling this type of decorative balloons. However, helium is expensive and sometimes unavailable, leading to irresponsible vendors, to use hydrogen instead. Hydrogen is the lightest chemical element and also allow balloons to float, but it is extremely flammable. Numerous accidents burns and even deaths have been described due to explosion of hydrogen-filled floating balloons. This report leads us to think on the importance of dealing responsibly with such simple, day-to-day actions as children playing with a balloon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: According to World Health Organization, lesions due to burns cause 180,000 each year all over the world, most of them are originated in the domestic and work environment. CLINICAL CASE: A 25-year-old male, who was admitted in April 2020 due to fire burns of 55% of his body surface, who developed SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia during his hospital stay. Institutional protocols were followed, obtaining good results and a favorable evolution. CONCLUSIONS: The SARS-CoV-2 infection in this patient occurred in May, considered by the Secretariat of Prevention and Health Promotion the month with the highest number of infections in Mexico up to that date. Institutions must guarantee burn patient care in the current setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In Cuba, burns have stayed among the first 5 causes of death due to accidents and constitute a health problem in the youth population. Objective: To describe some social health determinant in children and adolescents with burns. Method: A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 60 patients, up to 18 years was carried out. They were assisted in the Caumatology Service of Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba during 2017. The SPSS statistical package, version 11.5 for Windows, was used to process the information, as well as the absolute frequency and the percentage for the analysis of the results. Results: In the series there was a prevalence of the 1-4 age group (41.6 %), boiling liquids as main causal agent of burns (45.0 %), besides the problems related to water supply, residual deposit system, houses with no tiled floor (18.3 %), use of high risk energy to cook (53.9 %) and overcrowding (46.6 %). Conclusions: By means of the identification of social determinants in the community possible ways of getting sick can be detected and draw up strategies aimed at preventing diseases and achieve healthy populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Al igual que la extensión y profundidad de una quemadura se relacionan de manera directa con la gravedad de la misma, la recuperación del paciente y el éxito de su tratamiento están dados por la calidad de la atención de enfermería que reciba. Por ser la enfermera quien dirige la atención permanente y continuada debe demostrar el máximo de responsabilidad, habilidad y conocimiento en la valoración y manejo del paciente quemado, ya sea en fase intensiva, intermedia o ambulatoria. Tanto la valoración del sistema cardiovascular como la del equilibrio hidroelectrolítico y nutricional, deben centrar la atención de la enfermera en cada una de las etapas del cuidado, ya que desequilibrios de estas áreas pueden costar la vida al paciente y es el profesional de enfermería quien con sus conocimientos, capacidad crítica de decisión y cuidadosa observación, planea una excelente atención de enfermería que prevenga complicaciones y logre la recuperación del paciente quemado en el menor tiempo posible.

We present the case of inadequate management of an autologous graft in a pediatric patient's burn in a hospital unit attended by the nursing staff. This case comes from the file developed from a complaint filed with the National Medical Arbitration Commission (CONAMED) and focuses on the analysis and recommendations on nursing care in this type of event, identifying the actions that were carried out and delayed the recovery of the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Healing by secondary intentions of wounds and burns is a process affected by infections. Pirfenidone (PFD 8%) in combination with modified diallyl disulfide oxide (M-DDO 0.016%) in a topic gel has antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and tissue-repair modulator properties. Objective: To describe the effects of wound and burns healing treated with PFD 8% and M-DDO 0.016%. Materials and methods: A descriptive, retrospective trial of 36 clinical cases (20 burns and 16 wounds) treated in 14 hospitals in Mexico for five years. The percentage of wound closure is the percentage change of wound size between the beginning and end of treatment. Results: Patients with wounds had an average age between 41.3 + 14.8 years. 50% of the participants were women and 19% had diabetes. 50% of the participants with burns were women, the mean of age was 11.5 years. 66.6% of the patients achieved complete cure, and 30.5% showed an improvement > 70% in wound closure. On average, in 9 weeks of treatment wound closure is achieved. Conclusion: Pirfenidone gel and M-DDO is an effective and safe alternative for the closure by second intention of wounds and burns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the edema volume and leukocyte, platelet, and fibrinogen count of peripheral burn in an animal model. The back left leg of Rattus norvegicus (experimental group) was placed in water at 60 °C for 60 seconds or at room temperature (control group). An analysis was carried out before and after the induced burn (at 4, 8, 12, and 24 h). The edema volume was determined by an orthogonal photo, the leukocyte and platelet counts were determined using automated equipment, and the fibrinogen count was determined using the gravimetric method. The maximum value of the edema was recorded at 4 h and leukocytes at 24 h. The platelet count did not vary at different post-edema time intervals. The fibrinogen level increased at 4 h and 24 h. In this animal model we induced systemic inflammation characterized by leukocytosis and elevated fibrinogen levels, combined with edema located at the induction area.

Resumen Introducción: Las lesiones por quemaduras, heridas quirúrgicas y úlceras causan altos niveles de morbilidad y mortalidad en todo el mundo, siendo particularmente vulnerables a infecciones. Diversos estudios sugieren que la miel puede acelerar la curación de heridas debido a sus propiedades, como su capacidad para reducir la inflamación y prevenir el ataque de agentes infecciosos. Objetivo: Valorar la evidencia científica sobre la efectividad de la miel como un tratamiento alternativo en quemaduras, heridas o úlceras. Material y método: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en bases de datos especializadas como Pubmed, Cochrane, Scopus y WoS entre otras. Se encontraron un total de 11.303 artículos que fueron cribados mediante criterios de inclusion y exclusion. Fueron incluidos 26 (19 ECAs y 7 revisiones sistemáticas), los cuales fueron evaluados para valorar la calidad y el riesgo de sesgo mediante las escalas PEDro y AMSTAR, y posteriormente por la escala SIGN. Resultados: Se observó que la miel cicatriza antes y deja menos cicatriz hipertrófica, reduce el edema, el dolor y las secreciones purulentas, produce una mayor esterilidad en menos tiempo y con menos efectos adversos además de ser más costo-efectiva. Conclusiones: La miel se puede utilizar para curar este tipo de lesiones suponiendo una alternativa de tratamiento pudiendo mejorar la asistencia sanitaria.

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Se realizó un estudio comparativo, longitudinal y prospectivo de 60 adultos con quemaduras profundas, atendidos en el Hospital General docente "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, desde febrero de 2013 hasta igual mes de 2014, para evaluar la efectividad de la terapia regenerativa con plasma rico en plaquetas para la cicatrización de estas lesiones. La muestra fue dividida en 2 grupos de 30 integrantes cada uno: a los del primero se les aplicó plasma rico en plaquetas y a los del segundo sulfadiazina de plata. Se utilizaron las frecuencias absolutas y el porcentaje como medidas de resumen para variables cualitativos, así como la media aritmética y la desviación estándar para las cuantitativas. Con el proceder aplicado la cicatrización se completó en un tiempo menor, de manera que se demostró la efectividad de esta alternativa terapéutica en relación con el tratamiento convencional

OBJECTIVES: A burn patient is a challenge for any anesthesiologist, undergoing several surgeries during admission, and requiring general anesthesia and muscle relaxation most of the times. The victim may have respiratory system impairment and a response to muscle relaxants that differs from the healthy patient, thus proper monitoring and reversal is crucial. We analyzed sugammadex effectiveness and safety in this population.MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a prospectively descriptive study, including 4 patients, and all of them were considered major burn patients, who underwent escharotomy with general anesthesia and neuromuscular relaxation. The main variable was the time for recovery of a TOF higher than 0.9 after the administration of sugammadex before extubation.RESULTS: Mean time of recovery from a TOF ratio higher than 0.9 following the administration of Sugammadex was of 4.95 min 95% CI (3.25-6.64, p= .53).CONCLUSIONS: The reversion of neuromuscular relaxation with sugammadex appears to be effective and safe in the burn patient. More analytical, comparative studies of larger populations would be necessary to confirm these data.

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 58 pacientes con quemaduras, ingresados en el Servicio de Caumatología del Hospital Infantil Norte Docente "Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" de Santiago de Cuba, remitidos del nivel primario de atención, desde enero de 2009 hasta diciembre de 2010, con el objetivo de investigar los factores más frecuentes que ocasionaron estos accidentes. En la serie predominaron el sexo masculino, los líquidos hirvientes como agente causal más frecuente, además de la baja percepción del riesgo, las malas condiciones de vida y la procedencia rural como factores socioeconómicos desfavorables. La atención médica se consideró satisfactoria ya que más de 50 % de los pacientes ingresaron entre graves y críticos extremos y solo dos 2 fallecieron

Epidemiological data of caustic intoxication are scarce mainly because of the few reports of caustic ingestion described in the world literature. The population at greatest risk and constituting about 80% of the cases is given by children between 2 and 6 years old who inadvertently ingest household cleaners; in second place adults between 30-40 years who ingest strong corrosives with suicidal intent. The severity of the injury produced will depend on different aspects: Concentration of the substance, amount ingested, time of contact with the tissue, pH of the agent. Regarding the ingested substance, emphasis should be placed on whether the content is acidic (hydrochloric, phosphoric) or alkaline (hydroxide, hypochlorite, sodium bicarbonate). It is considered that acids with pH <2 are corrosive, cause injury due to coagulation necrosis, tend to generate less injury of adjacent tissue compared to alkalis. The latter cause liquefaction necrosis and remain in the tissue for a longer period than the acids (3-4 days). Regarding the form of the ingested agent, the solids adhere to the mouth and pharynx causing damage at this level; fluids pass quickly and induce burn in the esophagus and stomach. The amount ingested is another determinant of the damage. The predominant tissue damage in the first 24 hours is bleeding, thrombosis and swelling with edema. Transmural necrosis can occur and is considered an immediate life-threatening complication. Patients should be evaluated for shock and appropriately resuscitated. A physical examination should be performed to look for signs of emphysema and/or peritonitis, perform radiographs and paraclinical tests to rule out complications that require an urgent surgical approach. The esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) could be the gold standard in the investigation of mucosal lesions. It is suggested to perform it in the first 24-48 hours of caustic ingestion. In expert hands, it may be safe to repeat the endoscopy 3 weeks after the ingestion without increasing the risk of perforation. Zargar's classification has gained wide acceptance and is used in most centers. Endoscopic grading predicts complications, respiratory failure, mortality, nutritional autonomy and long-term survival. The great disadvantage of endoscopy is its inability to accurately predict the depth of necrosis, which could lead to inappropriate management, which endangers patient survival. Images such as computed tomography (CT) may be useful to assess the risk of complications. Among the contraindications for EGD could be respiratory distress, hemodynamic instability, suspicion of perforation or secondary airway compromise due to severe laryngeal edema. There are measures of medical and surgical treatment to prevent injuries from worsening, to control organ failure and systemic effects. The presence of oral burn is not an indicator of esophageal or airway injury. Airway compromise must be evaluated since, in cases in which laryngeal or epiglottic involvement is suggested, immediate management should be given for this. Attempts to neutralize acids or alkalis are strongly controversial, due to the production of an exothermic reaction that can cause thermal damage. The systematic administration of antacid medication, steroids and broad-spectrum antibiotics is not recommended because its efficacy is questionable. The evidence is possibly minimal, but if it is well tolerated and without contraindications, it seems to be reasonable to start intravenous PPI in this type of patients. Likewise, gastric lavage and the use of activated charcoal should be avoided, as well as the routine insertion of the nasogastric tube (SNG). Nutritional support in those with persistent symptoms of dysphagia and poor oral intake becomes critical. In the presence of airway compromise, the decision to perform surgical tracheostomy to maintain the airway is vital. The clinical and radiological evidence of perforation requires immediate laparotomy, debridement of the necrotic tissue and, probably, jejunostomy for feeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective. Seventy percent of the major burn pa- tients have face burns and their surgical management depends on the depth of the burn; usually full thickness burns have to undergo early tangential excision with immediate coverage once the patient is stable and in the par- tial thickness facial burns the surgical management is dermoabrasion and coverage with topical agents, synthetic dressings or biological dressings. However, the dressing changes with topical agents are painful and fre- quent procedures and many of the synthetic and biological dressings are expensive and not available for some health systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of amniotic membrane glicerol preserved 85%, as a transient biological dressing in the manage- ment of partial and total thickness facial burns. Methods. We developed an observational descriptive prospective study case series of 52 consecutive patients. We used exposed 85% glycerol preserved amniotic membrane as a transient biological coverage provided by the Science, Biotechnology and Innovation District Institute of Health (IDCBIS) of the Health Secretary of Bogotá (Colombia), without secondary dressings, immediately after mechanic dermoabrasion in patients with partial and total thickness facial burns. Results. All the patients epithelialized between the 5th and 10th day with only one application of the amniotic membrane without secondary dressings or topical agents; also the patients did not show wound healing alterations. Some patients stayed in the hospital longer than 10 days because they presented major burns. None of them presented infection and all referred absence of pain during the postoperative period. Conclusions. The use of amniotic membrane as a transient biological dressing for the treatment of partial and total thickness facial burns is an economic, effective and available tool in countries with skin banks. The use of the amniotic membrane after the dermoabrasion avoids daily wound dressing changes, decreases and controls the pain and promotes wound healing and epithelization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) aim to provide basic goods and health care to people affected by human and natural disasters or by situations of extreme poverty. With this objective, collaboration took place between the Spanish Society os Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (SECPRE) and the order of the Brothers of San Juan de Dios. One of its achievements has been that this campaign has taken place for the second consecutive year at Saint Joseph's Catholic Hospital in Monrovia (Liberia). In this article, we describe our personal experience during the humanitarian project carried out in November 2017. We intend to communicate not only the working conditions, but also the personal experience of all the team members involved, with the aim of supporting future campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Para conseguir una práctica terapéutica óptima es necesario conocer cómo se utilizan los antibióticos. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar y describir las prácticas de prescripción y consumo de antibióticos en el Centro Nacional del Quemado, durante julio a diciembre de 2014. En este estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, se analizaron en forma consecutiva las fichas de pacientes con quemaduras que estuvieron internados por más de 24 horas en el mencionado centro y recibido antibiótico. Para analizar el consumo de antibióticos se utilizó DDD/100 camas-día, como unidad de medida y para codificar los medicamentos, la clasificación Anatómica-Terapéutica-Química. Las quemaduras fueron codificadas según la Clasificación Estadística Internacional de Enfermedades y problemas relacionados con la salud, Décima revisión. Más de la mitad de los pacientes correspondieron al sexo masculino, el promedio de edad fue de 20± 24 años. Las quemaduras de mayor frecuencia fueron las que afectan menos del 10% (T31.0) (39,1%). Fueron consumidos 78,4 DDD/100 camas-día de antibióticos. La ceftazidima fue el antibiótico de mayor consumo 25,8 DDD/100 camas-día, seguido de vancomicina y amikacina. De los microorganismos aislados, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, fue la de mayor frecuencia, seguido por Acinetobacter sp y Klebsiella sp. Los resultados representan una referencia para estudios posteriores de uso de antibióticos en el Centro Nacional del Quemado, a modo de analizar su evolución, las prácticas de utilización y a tener control de la resistencia a los mismos.

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 32 pacientes (mayoritariamente jóvenes del sexo masculino), atendidos en el Servicio Provincial de Caumatología del Hospital General Docente "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, desde agosto hasta septiembre de 2012, como consecuencia de un incendio de grandes magnitudes ocurrido en un servicentro de esta ciudad, con vistas a caracterizarles desde los puntos de vista clínico, epidemiológico y terapéutico. En la casuística predominaron las lesiones por inhalación en las personas con más de 20 % de superficie corporal quemada, a quienes se aplicó ventilación mecánica no invasiva desde las primeras 72 horas y se logró una respuesta positiva. Los 6 afectados que tenían más de 90 % de superficie corporal quemada y uno de los que presentaba entre 60-79 % fallecieron. Se demostró que con la utilización de esta técnica en las primeras 72 horas en los pacientes grandes quemados y con lesiones graves por inhalación se logra disminuir significativamente la mortalidad

Las quemaduras son una de las causas más importantes de discapacidad y mortalidad en todo el mundo. En las producidas por electricidad de alto voltaje, las manifestaciones sistémicas más frecuentes son la insuficiencia renal y las arritmias. La lesión visceral secundaria a una quemadura eléctrica es infrecuente y su tratamiento quirúrgico constituye un desafío. En este artículo presentamos el caso clínico de un paciente con quemadura eléctrica de alto voltaje con compromiso de la pared abdominal y lesión intestinal secundaria.

O presente artigo tem como finalidade estudar as alterações vivenciadas pelo doente queimado no subsistema individual. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, de carácter exploratório-descritivo, no qual foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo (Bardin, 1979) para o tratamento da informação recolhida. Realçamos que o processo fantasmático e relacional instalado no indivíduo com queimadura questiona e parece obrigar à reelaboração relacional (familiares e pessoas significativas) e decorre num tempo mais ou menos longo do qual destacamos três etapas: [0 - 2 meses[, [2 - 12 meses[ e [acima dos 12 meses[. No primeiro realçamos o choque e a negação que envolve o indivíduo e os seus significativos, assim como a perda ou distorção da auto-imagem. Na fase intermédia sobressai uma certa depressividade e o reestruturar das relações e das prioridades de vida. Na fase final parece verificar-se uma integração da nova imagem corporal e uma estabilização das relações envolventes. Os resultados apontam para uma (re)construção de um novo paradigma pessoal, relacional e fantasmático do indivíduo queimado.El presente artículo tiene como finalidad estudiar las alteraciones experimentadas por el enfermo quemado en el subsistema individual. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, de carácter exploratorio-descriptivo, en el cual fue utilizado el análisis de contenido (Bardin, 1979) para el tratamiento de la información recogida. Realzamos que el proceso fantasmático y relacional instalado en el individuo con quemadura cuestiona y parece obligar a la reelaboración relacional (familiares y personas significativas) y transcurre en un tiempo más o menos largo del cual destacamos tres etapas: [0 - 2 meses[, [2 - 12 meses[ y [más de 12 meses[. En el primero realzamos el choque y la negación que implica al individuo y a sus significativos, así como la pérdida o distorsión de la autoimagen. En la fase intermedia sobresale una cierta depresión y la reestructuración de las relaciones y de las prioridades de vida. En la fase final parece verificarse una integración de la nueva imagen corporal y una estabilización de las relaciones envolventes. Los resultados apuntan hacia una (re)construcción de un nuevo paradigma personal, relacional y fantasmático del individuo quemado.The purpose of this article is to study the changes experienced by the burned patient in his/her own subsystem. In this qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study, content analysis (Bardin, 1979) was used to analyse the data collected. It should be underlined that the phantasmatic and relational process established in the burned individual brings into question the relationships and demands a further relational elaboration (family members and relatives). It occurs over a more or less long period of time, in which we highlight three stages: [0-2 months], [2-12 months] and [over 12 months]. In the first stage, we point out the shock and denial experienced by the individual and his/her relatives, as well as the loss or distortion of body image. In the intermediate stage, some depressive symptoms and the restructuring of the relationships and priorities in life should be underlined. In the final stage, there is an integration of the new body image and the existing relationships are stabilized. The results indicate a personal, social and phantom restructuring to a new paradigm for the burn victim.

En la actualidad y en nuestro medio, las quemaduras domésticas son una de las lesiones más habituales, y en las que mejor podemos iniciar un programa de prevención progresivo. Las más comunes son las escaldaduras -debido al contacto accidental con líquidos o gases calientes- y las producidas por la acción directa de las llamas. Las consecuencias van desde el dolor, la deshidratación, las secuelas físicas con repercusiones psíquicas hasta, en ocasiones, la muerte. Ante un paciente con quemaduras es prioritario y esencial llevar a cabo una minuciosa y adecuada valoración inicial que incluya: grado de la lesión (profundidad), extensión (porcentaje de superficie corporal total quemada), zona anatómica afectada y estado general del paciente (edad, estado inmunológico, nutricional, respiratorio, circulatorio, etc.), para así poder planificar los cuidados adecuados. En el presente trabajo describimos el caso de una mujer de 62 años que sufre quemaduras de primer grado y segundo grado superficial y profundo en cuello, ambas mamas y abdomen mientras manipulaba una olla a presión, con una extensión de un 6% de SCTA (Superficie Corporal Total Afectada). Se expone todo el proceso de valoración de la paciente y su correspondiente plan de cuidados, detallando los distintos tratamientos locales en función de la evolución de las lesiones, así como las medidas preventivas para minimizar las posibles complicaciones físicas y psíquicas derivadas de la aparición de cicatrices hipertróficas.Actually, in our environment, domestic burns are one of the more frequent lesions, and we can start a progressive prevention program in a better way on these ones. The more common of them are scalds -due to an accidental contact with hot liquids or gas- and those ones produced because of the direct action of flames. The consequences go from pain, dehydration, physical sequels with psychical repercussions to, sometimes, death. In the presence of a patient with burns is essential and a priority to perform a comprehensive and appropriate first assessment that includes: degree of lesion (depth), extension (percentage of total burned body surface), anatomical area affected and the patient general condition (age, immunological, nutritional, respiratory and circulatory status, etc.), in order to plan the appropriate care. In the present work, we describe the case of a 62-years-old woman who suffered first degree and second degree burns, superficial and deep, in neck, breast and abdomen when she was handling a pressure cooker, with an extension of 6% BBS (Burned Body Surface). Here we expose all the assessment process of the patient and the corresponding care plan, giving details of the different local treatments depending on the evolution of lesions, just as the prevention measures for minimizing the potential psychical and physical complications stemmed from the arising of hypertrophic scars.

To evaluate the edema volume and leukocyte, platelet, and fibrinogen count of peripheral burn in an animal model. The back left leg of Rattus norvegicus (experimental group) was placed in water at 60 °C for 60 seconds or at room temperature (control group). An analysis was carried out before and after the induced burn (at 4, 8, 12, and 24 h). The edema volume was determined by an orthogonal photo, the leukocyte and platelet counts were determined using automated equipment, and the fibrinogen count was determined using the gravimetric method. The maximum value of the edema was recorded at 4 h and leukocytes at 24 h. The platelet count did not vary at different post-edema time intervals. The fibrinogen level increased at 4 h and 24 h. In this animal model we induced systemic inflammation characterized by leukocytosis and elevated fibrinogen levels, combined with edema located at the induction area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Estudo de caso que objetivou identificar os Diagnósticos de Enfermagem (DE) conforme taxonomia II da Nursing American Nursing Association (NANDA), em idoso vítima de queimaduras de 2° e 3° graus e elaborar as intervenções de Enfermagem. Foram identificados oito DE, sendo cinco com presença de características definidoras e fatores relacionados (atuais) e três de risco. Elaborou-se propostas de intervenção iniciando pelas necessidades relacionadas aos sistemas vitais, fisiológicos, base da hierarquia das necessidades humanas básicas. Ao final, observou-se a importância da aplicabilidade do processo de enfermagem na implementação do cuidado e a necessidade do mesmo no exercício do fazer cotidiano.Estúdio de caso cuyo objetivo fué identificar los Diagnósticos de Enfermería (DE) según la taxonomia II de North Ameircan Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA), de lo anciano com quemadura de 2° e 3° grado. Fueron identificados ocho DE de los más, cinco con presencia de características definidoras y factores relacionados (reales), y três de riesgos. Posteriomente, fueron elaboradas las porpuestas de intervención comenzado por la aplicabilidad del proceso de enfermería em la implementación del cuidado y la necessidad del mismo en el ejercício del hacer diário de enfermería.This case study aimed at identifying the Nursing Diagnosis (ND) in agreement with the taxonomy II of the North-American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) of a patient victim of burning of 2nd e 3th degrees and to elaborate the nursing interventions. Eight ND were identified being five with the presence of defining characteristics and related factors (real), and three of risk. Intervention proposal was elaborated starting by the needs related to the vital and physiologic signs, the base of human basic needs hierarchy. Finally, it was observed the relevance of nursing process applicability in the implementation of care and its need in daily nursinga activitiies.

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Os objetivos deste estudo foram identificar e realizar validação de conteúdo das características definidoras dos diagnósticos de medo e ansiedade para o paciente queimado. Foi elaborado um instrumento composto pelas manifestações dos dois diagnósticos apresentadas pela Taxionomia I da North American Nursing Diagnoses Association, além de outras que foram encontradas na literatura. Dezesseis enfermeiros foram entrevistados. Das 97 características apresentadas no instrumento foram excluídas 31 para o diagnóstico medo e 27 para ansiedade. Oito características obtiveram média de escores maior que 0,70 para o diagnóstico de medo e 18 para o diagnóstico de ansiedade. As características que obtiveram maior pontuação foram "preocupação expressa devido a mudanças em eventos da vida" para ansiedade e "refere ou nota-se insônia" para o medo.

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever, mediante revisão de literatura, os agentes tópicos e tipos de cobertura que têm sido recomendados no tratamento de queimaduras e discutir as implicações do uso desses produtos. O estudo foi desenvolvido mediante levantamento bibliográfico dos últimos 12 anos, nas bases de dados Lilacs, Medline e Dedalus. As publicações encontradas foram organizadas como de pesquisa e de revisão e, posteriormente, categorizadas de acordo com a temática: agentes tópicos e substitutos temporários de pele. Foram discutidos os possíveis efeitos colaterais, indicações e recomendações quanto à manipulação.Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: describir, mediante revisión de la literatura, los agentes topicos y tipos de cobertura recomendados para el tratamiento de las quemaduras y sus implicancias en la asistencia de enfermeria. El estudio se desarrolló mediante búsqueda bibliografica de los últimos 12 años, en los bancos de datos Lilacs, Medline y Dedalus. Los artícluos encontrados fueron organizados como artículos de investigación y de revisión. Posteriomente fueron clasificados por su temática: agentes topicos y sustitutos temporales de piel. En el analisis de las informaciones incluidas en la literatura fueron considerados los posibles efectos colaterales, indicaciones y recomendaciones sobre la manipulación de eses productos.This study aimed at describing, by means of a literature review, the topical agents and bandage types which have been recommended in the treatment of burns and their implications in nursing care. This study was conducted by collected bibliographic data concerning the last 12 years from Lilacs, Medline and Dedalus databases. The articles found were organized as research and review articles and later categorized according to the theme: topical agents and temporarily skin dressing. We discussed the possible effects as well as the indications and recommendations as to the manipulation of the agents and bandage types which have been recommended in the treatment of burns.

A comparative, longitudinal and prospective study of 60 adults with deep burns, assisted in "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" Teaching General Hospital was carried out in Santiago de Cuba, from February, 2013 to the same month of 2014, to evaluate the effectiveness of the regenerative therapy with platelets rich plasma for the scaring of these lesions. The sample was divided into 2 groups of 30 members each: in those of the first group platelets rich plasma was applied and in those of the second group silver sulfadiazine was used. The absolute frequencies and the percentage were used as summary measures for qualitative variables, as well as the arithmetic mean and the standard deviation for the quantitative ones. With procedure applied, the scaring was completed at the least time, so that the effectiveness of this therapeutic alternative was demonstrated in relation to the conventional treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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