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This article aims to contribute to the development of third generation activity theorising to explore the future of professional situations following the implementation of a new technology and more particularly the acceptance of this technology. To do this, we describe formally the current work of subjects (road management teams) engaged in a job located at the boundary of several interacting activity systems. We therefore position ourselves in opposition to the classical approaches of acceptability, which focus mainly on the user-technology link at the individual level. We consider that acceptance is the consequence of an evolution of the activity systems. In the first stage, we collect observable dysfunctions in individual actions, which we translate into contradictions within or between activity systems. Secondly, we propose different scenarios of technological implementation, which we use to imagine the future of the professional situation. Our approach is of particular interest in complex professional contexts with interdependencies between employees from different professions and even different organisations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Specifically in the field of language teaching, it has been recognized that metacognitive strategies maximize language acquisition and improve performance. But despite this, it appears that few teachers currently consider metacognition in their teaching practices. The current study adopted a qualitative design to focus on the reasons that inhibit teachers in French‐speaking Belgium from prompting their students to engage in metacognition in first‐language (L1) lessons. Semistructured interviews were conducted with seven teachers. The teachers in our sample believed that use of metacognitive strategies can provide benefits for students. But despite this, they explicitly said that they do not prompt their students to engage in metacognition in L1 language lessons. And this for seven specific reasons, as outlined in the article. Knowing these reasons allows us to target the points of attention to be had in training teachers in metacognition in L1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although access to leisure is a right for all, people with disabilities (PwD) face great constraints in exercising this right. Using a qualitative approach, this study examines the view of a group of Portuguese social organizations (PSO) that support PwD concerning the needs, motivations and constraints that they face when participating in tourism activities, as well as the benefits obtained through the participation in these activities. The results highlight that PwD are strongly motivated to participate in tourism activities, but they face a great number of constraints (intrapersonal, interpersonal and structural). Moreover, according to the view of PSO, PwD feel the benefits obtained from their participation in tourism activities intensely, which contributes to enhancing their well-being. The paper ends with strategies that should be implemented in tourism destinations to overcome the travel constraints faced by PwD to increase their participation in tourism activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Socio‐demographic changes in Europe have heightened interest in the topic of integration. However, a clear definition of the construct remains elusive, particularly in relation to the second generation and "long‐established" young people of foreign origin. On the one hand, "integration" takes on different meanings depending on the researcher's approach; on the other, few studies directly address the views of young people with a migrant background. Using a qualitative approach, the study analyses the subjective meaning and connotations attributed to the term "integration," as well as the personal perception of integration into Italian society among 26 young people of different ethnic origins living in Italy (mean age = 24.5 years, SD 4.1; F = 14). All participants belonged to the second generation or had immigrated to Italy before the age of 12. They answered a semi‐structured interview on cultural identity, characteristics of social networks, feelings of integration and experiences of personal and group discrimination. The results showed that the participants closely associated integration with the issues of respect, acceptance and lack of discrimination, but also with the subjective feeling of being part of society and belonging to it. The limitations and practical implications of the study were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To explore the emotional wellbeing of dementia carers in the lead up to and during transition of a person living with dementia to a residential aged care facility. Design: An interpretative qualitative study. Methods: Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with informal carers of person living with dementia between February and June 2023. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic approach and resulted in three themes. Results: The majority of carers were adult children (n = 19) and six were wives. Carers lived across metropolitan (n = 20) and regional settings (n = 5) in the most populous state of Australia. Three themes were identified which were attributed to different aspects of the carer role: (1) Carer emotional journey as dementia progresses – impacted by knowledge and lack of support; (2) Questioning decision making–underpinned by knowledge and confidence; and (3) Challenges in re‐establishing identity – impacted by ongoing concerns. Conclusion: As dementia progresses carers of person living with dementia consistently reported gaps in knowledge including how to access support. Specifically, this study identified the need for more to be done to help carers to develop the skills needed for their role, including participation in care planning and identifying care preferences for the future. Nurses can play a key role in promoting referral to services that support carers. Findings offer practical solutions to ameliorate carer stress and promote shared decision making. Reporting Method: This research was guided by the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Montessori method applied in nursing homes is a person-centered approach targeting the enhancement of autonomy, well-being, and quality of life for older adults with dementia. Despite its potential in the aging field, its operationalization remains unclear in the context of institutionalization. This study aims to outline the method's components and adoption factors using a behavior change intervention framework among professionals from a French institution demonstrating a high level of method application. We employed a qualitative descriptive approach based on thematic analysis. Nine professionals from the same institution underwent a semi-structured individual interview within the facility. The findings were modeled using the Behavior Change Intervention Ontology. We obtained a final framework defining the intervention, mechanisms of action, exposure, contextual factors, and behavioral outcomes. The method is based on values, principles, and techniques such as facilitation, choice, meaningful activities, environmental adjustments, and specific tools. Applied continuously to residents, families, and professionals, its implementation is influenced by several contextual factors leading to practice changes at various levels. This study constitutes both a theoretical and practical contribution, providing a better definition of the method and the key factors influencing its appropriation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing global consciousness and collective recognition of the importance of sustainability, coupled with initiatives focused on sustainable development, have resulted in a heightened commitment and transformation among organizations and corporations in their endeavors to contribute to the achievement of sustainable development goals through their corporate sustainability initiatives. Prior studies have underscored the effects of corporate sustainability on various strategic levels, such as corporate, business, and operations, paving the way for further investigation. This paper seeks to establish a theoretical framework for sustainable operations strategy through six propositions and subsequently validate this framework via a qualitative case study analysis of a production and processing special economic zone in an emerging nation, specifically Indonesia. The findings from the empirical testing indicate that the proposed theoretical framework has been validated with minor adjustments, through the inclusion of good corporate governance and the adoption of local core values. The paper also presents theoretical and managerial implications, along with suggestions for future research avenues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study examines the preparedness and responsiveness of Malaysian academic librarians in handling disruptions in library services during a disaster. Design/methodology/approach: This qualitative approach involved semi-structured interviews with decision-makers, chief librarians and library managers from five selected public universities. Findings: Thematic and qualitative data analysis produced several key themes based on (1) disaster preparedness involving policies, plans, asset protection, risk management, coordination of disaster management and preparative measures; and (2) disaster response involving strategies for information and communication access, community engagement, emergency response teams and procedures, and resource availability. Practical implications: The findings are expected to be useful for policymakers in formulating policies and guidelines for library disaster management plans. Social implications: The interruptions of academic library services during a disaster may result in the disruption of the information sources and social information networks of students, academics and researchers alike. Effective disaster management is also the library's responsibility to protect collections that belong to society at large. Originality/value: This is one of the first attempts in disaster management research to focus on the preparedness and responses of academic libraries in Malaysia in the face of disasters. Therefore, the results of this study can be used as a baseline for policymakers to prepare policies, guidelines and manuals for management in the event of a disaster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are concerns about the COVID-19 vaccine's safety, reliability, and efficacy. Previous studies on vaccine hesitancy focused on public perception and factors influencing behavior but little is known about how government response affects acceptance and distribution efforts. Consequently, the present study is focused on providing answers to the question regarding the challenges induced by the Nigerian governments' response to the COVID-19 vaccine distribution and acceptance process. Utilizing an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), Findings showed that even though there are strategies designed to ensure effective rollout of the COVID-19 vaccines to the target populations, the plans are not well laid out. Corruption risks and facility deficiency are the likely problems that might affect efficient COVID-19 vaccine equitable distribution to the target groups. The findings' practical implications indicate that the Nigerian government and other stakeholders ought to make improvements in a number of areas to enable a successful and equitable distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine. This entails enhancing the online registration process, enhancing communication techniques, tackling corruption threats, assuring a steady supply of electricity, and providing employees with the necessary tools and training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Aim Design Methods Results Conclusion Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care Impact Reporting Method Patient or Public Contribution Through the lens of family resilience, exploring the experiences of families in adapting to young‐onset dementia.Qualitative multiple case study.This study examined the family as a single unit of analysis, focusing on a triad including a person with young‐onset dementia, their spouse and their adult child. Three family triads were included. Data collection took place between April 20 and July 4, 2023, in South Korea. Data analysis involved a two‐stage process, consisting of a directed content analysis based on the family resilience framework within cases, followed by a cross‐case analysis to identify themes and unique patterns across cases.The study identified six key themes: (1) Stressors due to a young‐onset dementia diagnosis, (2) perception of the young‐onset dementia diagnosis, (3) degree of emotional connection, (4) coping approach to young‐onset dementia, (5) availability and utilisation of external resources and (6) patterns of adaptation. Furthermore, our research uncovered the interplay between themes, and how adaptations patterns of families formed either resilient or non‐resilient.Our triadic approach uncovered hidden family dynamics, emphasising family‐centred care. This study provides insights into unique challenges and diverse adaptation processes, suggesting tailored interventions.This study emphasises the importance of family‐centred care in young‐onset dementia, recognising all family members as crucial clients. Also, we suggest that healthcare professionals should develop tailored treatment plans that reflect the unique needs of each family.This study presents the unique experiences of young‐onset dementia families, laying the foundation for developing effective support strategies that reflect these insights. Additionally, we emphasise the utilisation of external resources and their existence, providing a comprehensive research direction.Our research follows the EQUATOR guidelines, specifically adhering to the COREQ guidelines.No Patient or Public Contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conceptions or ideas that couples hold about sexual consent could be a key factor in their communication, mutual respect, and the prevention of sexual violence. The multifaceted nature of sexual consent makes it a complex concept. The aim of the present study was to explore individuals' ideas and understanding of sexual intercourse in two distinct contexts: consensual and non-consensual. We used a qualitative approach, adopting the methodology of thematic analysis. In total, 113 surveys obtained from the general population (76.1% women and 23.9% men aged 18 to 59 years) were studied. Two open-ended questions were asked about the general topic of sexual consent, where we distinguished sexual activity in which there is sexual consent vs. no consent. The phases of the thematic analysis approach were applied. For the consensual context, the following themes emerged: mutual reciprocity and respect; open, clear communication and agreements; and awareness and emotional well-being. For the non-consensual context, the following themes emerged: violence and sexual assault, absence and ambiguity of sexual consent, and lack of communication. All of these aspects should be considered in couples' communication and sexual education to facilitate and improve sexual relationships and, in turn, prevent violence and sexual aggression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the factors contributing to cyber victimization among adolescent girls and to design and validate a questionnaire based on these factors. Methods and Materials: This research utilized a qualitative approach, employing thematic analysis to identify the factors contributing to cyber victimization. The study sample consisted of adolescent girls in high school in Isfahan, Iran, who had experienced cyber victimization. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with eight participants, selected via purposive sampling until data saturation was achieved. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using MAXQDA software. Findings: The findings revealed three main categories of factors contributing to cyber victimization: intrapersonal, familial, and environmental. Intrapersonal factors included self-esteem issues, personality traits, lack of social skills, and internet addiction. Familial factors encompassed poor family relations and inappropriate parental responses. Environmental factors involved academic problems and lack of media literacy. The most frequently reported issue was the lack of friendly relationships between parents and children, while the least frequent factor was comparison with siblings and peers. Conclusion: The study underscores the multifaceted nature of cyber victimization among adolescent girls, highlighting the significant roles of intrapersonal, familial, and environmental factors. Effective prevention and intervention strategies should address these factors concurrently. Enhancing self-esteem, social skills, media literacy, and fostering supportive family and school environments are crucial. Further research is needed to validate these findings in diverse populations and explore cultural influences on cyber victimization. Through comprehensive and collaborative efforts, the detrimental effects of cyber victimization on adolescents can be effectively mitigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nowadays, in order to continue their activities and attract and retain customers, insurance companies should think more about customer confusion and provide effective strategies to eliminate or reduce customer confusion. For this purpose, this research aims to provide effective strategies in managing customer confusion in life insurance. METHODS: This research is based on thematic analysis (coding and recognition of the underlying categories of the interview text or writing). In terms of the objective, it is considered fundamental based on the data collection method. The research participants are experts in insurance and marketing industry. Non-probability, judgmental, and snowball sampling methods were utilized and the number of sample size according to the theoretical saturation of the data was 23 people. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data. FINDINGS: According to the results of the research, 3 central cores and 18 main themes with the title of customer orientation (continuous follow-up of customers, communication with customers, understanding customer needs and improving customer service and well-being), marketing strategies (holding significant and attractive events, word-of-mouth advertising, identity building), desirable in social networks, innovative use of brochures, TV programs, effective advertisements) providing a complete package of high quality services (monitoring the performance of employees, transparency of performance, flexibility in insurance coverage, providing loyalty programs in a new way, focusing on the value chain, visualizing insurance life, use of information technology (intelligence)) were identified. CONCLUSION: In this research, the strategies of overcoming customer confusion management in life insurance services were considered. According to the findings of the research, using systems to track and understand the needs of customers by creating and maintaining long-term relationship have made customer orientation an important factor. Also, the creation of marketing strategies based on the production of stimulating content and the use of the capacity of virtual space along with the development of programs to provide high-quality services to provide superior value to the customer and according to the current conditions may assist managers and entities in charge to overcome customer confusion. In order for the desired strategy to be successful, it is necessary for managers and entities in charge to consider the confusion of customers in all stages and processes of implementing strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the extent of corruption in the South African environment. The systematic organization of scholarly sources and methods for combating corruption shows that because it jeopardizes the integrity of a respectable government, corruption generally opposes accountability and the rule of law. Anti-corruption initiatives in the nation are still hampered by several issues, notwithstanding efforts to eradicate corruption. The article explores explicitly that there are various factors causing corruption to exist despite all measures. These factors are political interference, resource constraints, lack of accountability, complex bureaucracy, nepotism and patronage, inadequate legal framework, cultural factors, economic factors, and global factors. Investigation in the paper is conducted in the following logical sequence: contextual framework of corruption in the country is explained during various timeframes, and after that, a theoretical framework is discussed. The research methodology is stated that is applied to gather information for this article. The methodology used is qualitative and a comprehensive literature review was conducted to collect information. The study made use of various journal articles, books, legislative frameworks, and official records of the Auditor-General and Public Service Commission to obtain relevant information. The data was assessed through documents and conceptual analysis. The findings indicate that, despite anti-corruption laws, policies, and organizations, South Africa still confronts a variety of significant obstacles to corruption. Political leaders who use their connections to further their own interests may be the ones to foster an environment of unethical governance, which makes weak governance one of the most annoying obstacles of all. The article’s conclusion suggests that reducing corruption requires a strong emphasis on social accountability, public engagement, and citizen participation. These are excellent strategies, but sometimes they are not implemented or applied consistently. To reduce corruption, it is advised to inculcate moral principles at all governmental and governed levels to ensure reciprocal accountability.

Privacy design in cloud systems remains complex, with unclear processes and a mismatch between privacy engineering and cloud integration challenges. Developers play a pivotal yet underexplored role in this landscape. This study investigates developers’ perspectives on privacy, focusing on self-adaptive privacy in cloud environments. Through six(6) qualitative interviews with developers from Greece, Spain, and the UK, the study uncovers valuable insights into their challenges and perspectives, contributing to the establishment of actionable privacy goals and a taxonomy of self-adaptive privacy requirements. The findings underscore the need for clearer guidance and actionable insights for developers to enhance privacy practices in cloud development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The use of finished herbal products (FHPs) among Malaysians today is expanding rapidly leading to a huge market of FHPs in the country. However, the mass production of FHPs in today’s market is alarming due to safety-use issues that could lead to serious adverse effects. Nevertheless, demands are still high for FHPs as most consumers perceived it as safe to consume as it is made from natural substances as the active ingredients. This study aims to explore the safe use elements of FHPs identified by two stakeholders: consumers and practitioners in Malaysia and further compare these elements with the current regulations. Methods As an exploratory study, its approach is to investigate at an in-depth level of understanding of safe use elements from the involved stakeholders: consumers and practitioners. We had a total of 4 focus group discussion sessions (1 FGD session with consumer and 3 FGD sessions with practitioners) as a method of collecting data from the participants. The FGDs were conducted in local native Malaysian and then being translated by researchers without changing their meanings. Thematic analysis was done which involves methodically reading through the verbatim transcripts and consequently segmenting and coding the text into categories that highlight what the participants have discussed. Results From the result, we found that both practitioners and consumers agreed a safe FHP must be in compliance with the guidelines from the Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH). There are other safe use elements highlighted including halal certification, trusted over-the-counter outlets, and published reports on the safety, efficacy, and quality. Conclusions In conclusion, both practitioners and consumers agreed that the most important safe-use element is compliance with MOH guidelines, but the depth of discussion regarding the safety elements among these stakeholders holds a very huge gap. Thus, initiatives must be planned to increase the knowledge and understanding about the MOH guidelines towards achieving a sustainable ecosystem in the safe use of FHPs.

The concept of sustainability has gained significant recognition across all industrial sectors, particularly in response to the potential global environmental crisis. In mining, sustainability ensures responsible operations by addressing environmental, social, and economic aspects. Performance indicators, categorized into environmental, social, economic, and governance groups, are monitored to oversee these aspects. In 2015, the UN established 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a global agenda for achieving equitable economic and social development. This study presents a methodology to evaluate performance indicators in an iron ore mine in southeast Pará, Brazil, to understand whether and how these indicators guide the mine's operations toward fulfilling the SDGs. This study was based on the application of a methodology specifically developed for this purpose, where a seven-step application was defined, with each step involving an activity to be carried out to verify the correlation performance indicators with the SDGs. By applying the proposed methodology, the assessment of 286 performance indicators was conducted, revealing that 55.24% aligned the mine's operation with the SDGs. Furthermore, the developed methodology may be applied to other mining enterprises, supporting their sustainability reports and compliance with the sector's regulatory standards and mine closure plan requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning to read and spell constitutes a major societal concern. As a result, different studies have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of different instructional methods. However, few studies have investigated how teachers appropriate and implement a newly reading and spelling instructional method in the classroom. In order to grasp information regarding this appropriation and implementation, we set up a qualitative study. An online questionnaire was completed by 116 teachers and an interview was conducted with 15 other teachers who voluntarily used a reading and spelling instructional method that they had never used before. A thematic content analysis and the QDA Miner Lite software (ProvalisResearch) were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the conditions underlying appropriation can be organized into three categories: (1) "Context" with the teacher profile, the class profile, and the organizational context, (2) "Implementation conditions" with the resources and time allocated to the implementation of the instructional method and training and supervision conditions, and (3) "Cognitive and Behavioral Appropriation" with characteristics of the instructional method and the knowledge/understanding of the theoretical underpinnings. We thus provide recommendations aiming at improving appropriation of instructional methods, and we highlight methodological challenges for planning effective assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cet article propose de considérer l'expérience du cancer traité par chimiothérapie orale comme support d'investigation de la construction et de la transmission des savoirs sur la maladie et son traitement en contexte d'éducation thérapeutique du patient. Cette réflexion se base sur un travail de thèse effectué en psychologie sociale de la santé dans lequel nous avons investigué, selon une approche d'orientation socio-constructiviste, les contextes et les circonstances où les savoirs des malades sont assimilés et mobilisés. À partir d'une enquête de terrain menée dans un centre hospitalo-universitaire rhônalpin, nous avons combiné une étude par entretiens de recherche (n = 27) et une ethnographie d'un programme éducatif dédié à des malades recevant une chimiothérapie orale (incluant l'observation non participante de 44 séances d'éducation thérapeutique). Pour l'analyse de ce matériau, nous nous sommes appuyés sur les principes de l'analyse par catégorie conceptualisante. Nos résultats montrent que le rapport des malades au cancer et à leur traitement renvoie à l'intrication de connaissances médicales et de savoirs profanes, qui se construisent et s'actualisent dans les relations thérapeutiques et les situations sociales de vie avec la maladie. Cette connaissance polyphasique intervient comme processus actif de décodage des perceptions du corps et de la maladie, et oriente les conduites de santé. Cet article montre les apports d'une approche compréhensive et holistique ainsi que de l'adoption d'un dispositif pluri-méthodologique pour investiguer la complexité du processus d'élaboration représentationnelle de la maladie et de son traitement, en mettant en évidence ses dimensions cognitives, affectives, sociales et symboliques. This article aims to consider the experience of cancer treated by oral chemotherapy as a frame for investigating the construction and the transmission of knowledge related to illness and treatment in the context of therapeutic patient education. This work is based on a doctoral thesis carried out in Social and health Psychology in which we investigated, according to a socio-constructivist approach, the contexts and the circumstances in which patients' knowledge are assimilated and mobilized. Based on field research conducted in a Rhone-Alpes university hospital center, we led two qualitative studies, which combined research interviews (n = 27) and ethnographic data of a therapeutic education program (including non-participant observation of 44 therapeutic education sessions). For analyzing these qualitative data, we relied on the principles of analysis using conceptualizing categories. Our results show that the relationship between sick people and cancer and treatment refers to the intertwining of medical knowledge and lay knowledge. These are constructed and actualized in therapeutic relationships and the social situations through which participants experience their illness. This polyphasic knowledge operates as an active process of decoding the perceptions of the body and of the disease, and guides health behaviors. This article shows the contributions of a comprehensive and holistic approach as well as a multi-methodological design to investigate the complexity of the illness and treatment representational elaboration, by highlighting its cognitive, affective, social, and symbolic dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigates innovations in political communication strategies through a qualitative approach, focusing on the influence of campaign messages in the context of general elections in Indonesia. Through content analysis of campaign messages, this research identifies the main themes, framing strategies, and rhetoric used to influence voter perceptions. The findings of this research have practical implications for designing more effective campaign strategies, increasing more informed voter participation, and contributing new thinking to political literature and political marketing in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are many different methods or approaches that can be applied to the evaluation of complex programmes. This paper describes the use of the Most Significant Change (MSC) participatory technique to monitor and evaluate programmatic effects. The MSC is a form of monitoring because it occurs throughout the programme cycle and provides information to manage it. Further, MSC is an evaluation because it provides stories from which programmes' overall impact can be assessed. However, MSC, a participatory evaluation technique using qualitative approaches, is neglected by many researchers. We hope this study will convince relevant funders and evaluators of the value of the MSC technique and application. This paper offered step-by-step guidelines on how to use the MSC technique when evaluating a large-scale intervention covering perspectives of different beneficiaries within a limited period. The MSC process involves purposively selecting the beneficiaries, collecting the Most Significant (MS) stories, which are then systematically analysed by designated stakeholders and or implemented partners, selected through internal vetting, and external process by involving beneficiaries and stakeholders. The central question focuses on changes in the form of stories such as 'Who did what?'; 'When did the change occur?'; and 'What was the process?' Additionally, it seeks feedback to explain why particular a story was selected as MS and how the selection process was organised. The MSC technique further attempts to verify the validity, significant, relevant, sustainability of the change, and impact on marginalized or Gender Equality and Social Inclusion (GESI) groups brought by the programme. Furthermore, the technique seeks verification of the MS story by triangulating comprehensive notes and recordings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The use of finished herbal products (FHPs) among Malaysians today is expanding rapidly leading to a huge market of FHPs in the country. However, the mass production of FHPs in today's market is alarming due to safety-use issues that could lead to serious adverse effects. Nevertheless, demands are still high for FHPs as most consumers perceived it as safe to consume as it is made from natural substances as the active ingredients. This study aims to explore the safe use elements of FHPs identified by two stakeholders: consumers and practitioners in Malaysia and further compare these elements with the current regulations. Methods: As an exploratory study, its approach is to investigate at an in-depth level of understanding of safe use elements from the involved stakeholders: consumers and practitioners. We had a total of 4 focus group discussion sessions (1 FGD session with consumer and 3 FGD sessions with practitioners) as a method of collecting data from the participants. The FGDs were conducted in local native Malaysian and then being translated by researchers without changing their meanings. Thematic analysis was done which involves methodically reading through the verbatim transcripts and consequently segmenting and coding the text into categories that highlight what the participants have discussed. Results: From the result, we found that both practitioners and consumers agreed a safe FHP must be in compliance with the guidelines from the Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH). There are other safe use elements highlighted including halal certification, trusted over-the-counter outlets, and published reports on the safety, efficacy, and quality. Conclusions: In conclusion, both practitioners and consumers agreed that the most important safe-use element is compliance with MOH guidelines, but the depth of discussion regarding the safety elements among these stakeholders holds a very huge gap. Thus, initiatives must be planned to increase the knowledge and understanding about the MOH guidelines towards achieving a sustainable ecosystem in the safe use of FHPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the lived experiences of the constraints of older adult family caregivers with chronic diseases in caring for and accessing health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: This study used the descriptive phenomenology qualitative method. The sampling method was purposive sampling involving 16 older adult family caregivers. Findings: The results of this study showed three themes such as difficulties in health services in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic (complaints of services provided by doctors, older adult treatment control problems and difficulty getting to hospital health facilities); difficulties accompanying taking older adult medicine (older adult non-compliance response to taking medication and older adult medicine assistance); and psychosocial complaints caring for and accompanying the older adult (negative emotions for the older adult, difficulty interacting with the older adult and the economic burden of caring for the older adult). Practical implications: Barriers to family caregivers in caring for older adults with chronic diseases can help health-care service providers understand and support families caring for and assisting older adults, which may contribute to the quality of life and care for both family caregivers and older adults. Originality/value: This study showed that Indonesian family caregivers faced difficulties caring for and living with older adults with chronic diseases during the pandemic. Family caregivers' experiences are essential when developing an intervention to support and manage health care for older adults with chronic illnesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to reveal the role of the green leadership (GL) strategy in promoting sustainable entrepreneurship (SE) at Saudi universities from the perspectives of educational leadership experts. The study also examined the challenges Saudi universities face in implementing the GL strategy and provided suggestions to develop the application of GL at Saudi universities. According to this study, GL is a strategy that focuses on pro-environmental policies, provides sustainable initiatives, motivates followers toward a green environment, and improves their sustainable green creativity. A qualitative approach was utilized, interviewing 13 educational leadership experts at established and emerging Saudi universities. NVivo software was used to analyze the data. From the educational leadership experts’ perspectives, the study findings indicated that the GL strategy plays a significant role in achieving SE at Saudi universities within many fields, such as training; teaching; research, development, and innovation; community service; infrastructure and educational equipment; administrative transactions; technology; maintenance and safety; and risk management. The study also revealed the three most prominent challenges Saudi universities face in implementing the GL strategy: organization and administration, finance, and culture. Moreover, the experts provided a set of suggestions to develop GL applications at Saudi universities. Finally, the study recommends adopting the GL as a significant strategy to achieve SE at established and emerging Saudi universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: The gamification approach is one of the newest and most attractive developments in recent years, which has been effective in various fields, including education. This approach attracted the attention of its audience by creating excitement and interaction. Gamification means the application of game elements and components in a non-game situation, which, according to an attractive and predetermined process, considers certain goals. The gamification approach with the effectiveness of the curriculum created a dynamic and interactive environment for the learners and improved their educational and learning status in a suitable context. This research was conducted with the aim of identifying the experiences of experts in connection with the application of the elements of the gamification approach in the higher education curriculum. Methods: This qualitative research was conducted using a phenomenological (descriptive) approach in the year 1401. In this study, a deep question was posed to experts to obtain their experiences, and if necessary, elements of the gamification approach were explained for the interviewees to express their experiences related to them. The participants included experts from across the country who were involved in education, research, the production of electronic content for higher education systems related to gamification. Based on targeted sampling and snowball technique, 18 participants were identified at the national level. The interviews, which lasted for one hour each, continued until theoretical saturation was reached. After conducting and recording the interviews, they were transcribed full. The transcriptions were then reviewed multiple times, comparing the text with the audio, and subsequently subjected to a coding and analysis system. Findings: Based on the experts' experiences, the elements of gamification approach that can be employed in higher education curriculum were as follows: Create excitement (presenting engaging content, using active teaching methods, behavioral cues, competitions and questionnaires, adventure and avoiding repetition), Create partnership and interaction (instructor with learners, utilizing virtual space, through content and among learners), Create competition (group competitions, time constraints, individual competitions, and lottery-based competitions), Create motivation (creative techniques, fostering intrinsic motivation, fostering extrinsic motivation, motivational statements), Provide feedback (appropriate feedback for effort, qualitative feedback, immediate feedback after the test), Scoring (opportunity for remediation, progress bar, irregular scoring, and role determination), Rewarding (giving rewards, types of incentives, designing certificates, and awarding them), Create challenge (by posing questions and using tools), Determining rules and regulations (setting multidimensional goals for the lesson and announcing them at the beginning of the term, drawing a roadmap by the teacher, and sweet penalty) and Leveling (leveling the content and progressing step by step from easy to difficult, from concrete to abstract, from known to unknown). Conclusion: The gamification approach has elements that, by implementing it in the curriculum of higher education, could lead to the attractiveness and dynamism of teaching and facilitate the learning process. Therefore, it is possible to use the experiences of the experts of the gamification approach in the educational process to change the class from a dry and boring teacher-centered atmosphere, go out and use the elements of the gamification approach to move towards inclusiveness and make the learning process attractive, enjoyable and lasting. This approach has paid special attention to the audience and their interests and considered the participation and interaction of learners to put learning in a happy, attractive, active and effective process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) are vital economic institutions in rural areas, serving both social and commercial functions. As social entities, BUMDes are expected to prioritize community interests by providing social services. Their primary function is to establish a professional and institutional platform for economic activities while leveraging the village's inherent potential. This approach enhances productivity and effectiveness in local businesses. A recent study aimed to develop a strategy for the institutional development of Village-Owned Enterprises in Karawang City using qualitative research and case study methods. The study found that the development of institutional capacity at both individual and organizational levels was not optimal due to constraints such as limited human resources, budgets, facilities, and infrastructure. Additional challenges included poor inter-sectoral coordination, ineffective implementation of standard operating procedures (SOPs), and deficiencies in understanding, skills, commitment, and leadership within BUMDes. The study recommended diversifying strategies at both individual and organizational levels and forming an Integrated Team Alliance to effectively promote the development of BUMDes in Karawang City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The purpose of the study is to evaluate the extent of corruption in the South African environment. The systematic organization of scholarly sources and methods for combating corruption shows that because it jeopardizes the integrity of a respectable government, corruption generally opposes accountability and the rule of law. Anti-corruption initiatives in the nation are still hampered by several issues, notwithstanding efforts to eradicate corruption. The article explores explicitly that there are various factors causing corruption to exist despite all measures. These factors are political interference, resource constraints, lack of accountability, complex bureaucracy, nepotism and patronage, inadequate legal framework, cultural factors, economic factors, and global factors. Investigation in the paper is conducted in the following logical sequence: contextual framework of corruption in the country is explained during various timeframes, and after that, a theoretical framework is discussed. The research methodology is stated that is applied to gather information for this article. The methodology used is qualitative and a comprehensive literature review was conducted to collect information. The study made use of various journal articles, books, legislative frameworks, and official records of the Auditor-General and Public Service Commission to obtain relevant information. The data was assessed through documents and conceptual analysis. The findings indicate that, despite anti-corruption laws, policies, and organizations, South Africa still confronts a variety of significant obstacles to corruption. Political leaders who use their connections to further their own interests may be the ones to foster an environment of unethical governance, which makes weak governance one of the most annoying obstacles of all. The article's conclusion suggests that reducing corruption requires a strong emphasis on social accountability, public engagement, and citizen participation. These are excellent strategies, but sometimes they are not implemented or applied consistently. To reduce corruption, it is advised to inculcate moral principles at all governmental and governed levels to ensure reciprocal accountability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the subjective life satisfaction of Russian immigrant physicians in Finland. It focuses on how life satisfaction is subjectively experienced and interpreted post migration in a bid to identify the resources which influence it in both work and family domains. The advantage of life satisfaction is taking it as a unifying cross-disciplinary conceptual framework and as a multidimensional analytical approach, including macro-societal, meso-relational, and micro-personal levels. We use the concept of the migratory career to analyse work and family life on migration journeys. These life evaluations are analysed using a sociological conception of subjective life satisfaction and a psychological conception of wellbeing as guiding principles in theory and analysis. Based on 26 semi-structured qualitative interviews, the study finds that an interplay between societal-structural and personal-relational resources makes the interviewees satisfied with their work and family lives. Societal-structural resources included the work environment, income, life security and stability, while personal-relational resources included social support, social trust, and family relationships. Beyond the classical income and job security, we find our participants’ experienced and interpreted life satisfaction is essentially associated with outcomes of family-friendly and supportive work conditions. Moreover, social and personal security and family stability are important for their quality of life in a characteristic Nordic social environment.

The aim of this study is to delve into the utilization of the mother tongue (Arabic) by English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers in the Algerian context. Employing a qualitative approach, we conducted semi-structured interviews and observed nine first-year secondary school teachers across six schools in Batna city center, accumulating a total observation time of 16 hours. Analysis of both the interviews and classroom observations reveals that teachers primarily use L1 as an organizational and affective tool and occasionally as an academic one. In the former, it serves to manage the classroom, redirect the learners towards the task at hand, reproach them for not possessing prior knowledge, and express teachers’ frustration. In the latter, it is employed for explaining new vocabulary items and grammar rules, clarifying concepts and instructions, checking learners’ understanding, giving feedback, and bridging cultural gaps. Additionally, our findings indicate that L1 is used cautiously and only when deemed necessary, as teachers believe that its overuse hinders learning the target language (TL) and reinforces undesirable cognitive habits such as thinking in Arabic when using English.

The COVID-19 pandemic altered buyers' concerns and resulted in more complex demand for high-involvement goods, such as financial products. These changes seem likely to persist after the pandemic. Additionally, other unforeseen events, although likely not as pervasive as the pandemic, could occur at any time. In this context, the ability of salespeople to keep their mental abilities sharp is vital in overcoming challenges and moving forward. This study highlights the emerging psychological capacities that help salespeople cope with new work circumstances following the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as dealing with other unforeseen events, and identifies ways to develop these psychological capabilities. Findings from in-depth interviews with 20 salespeople suggest that patience (P), consideration (C), and responsibility (R) are the emerging psychological capacities that motivate salespeople to achieve positive outcomes during and after the pandemic. These capacities can be developed through the exercise of passion and purpose, gratitude, long-term thinking, self-reflection, and self-compassion. We found the P.C.R. framework to fit the existing psychological capital (PsyCap) model, providing nuances to our understanding of PsyCap by proposing a framework with the emerging psychological capacities that salespeople require to succeed in the post-COVID personal selling environment. The study's limitations and future research directions are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study attempts to design a new approach toward inclusive employment by addressing the aim of facilitating sustainable employment for people with physical disabilities. Adopting a mixed-method approach that combines a literature review with Interpretive Structural Modeling and CrossImpact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification analysis, the research identifies key factors and corresponding relationships that influence the employment sustainability for individuals with physical disabilities. Through semi-directed interviews with experts, the study uncovers the multifaceted enablers affecting entry and retention in the workforce for physically disabled persons. The findings reveal a complex interplay of five main dimensions: personal factors, structural factors, organizational factors with three subdivisions (workplace accommodation, corporate culture, and integration barriers), social factors, and psychological factors that can be strategically managed to foster a more inclusive employment environment. Motivation, self-esteem, and social security seem to be the most critical. The original contribution of this work lies in its comprehensive framework that not only illuminates the systemic challenges faced by physically disabled job seekers but also proposes actionable pathways for stakeholders to enhance employment sustainability. By identifying a clear and empirically grounded pathway to inclusion, this paper provides valuable insights for policymakers, employers, and disability supporters, emphasizing the transformative potential of integrating physically disabled individuals into the workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study investigated the importance of psychological capabilities to support financial product salespeople in overcoming challenges and sustaining motivation and work performance during and after COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, this study suggests useful ways to develop the psychological capabilities. By using an interpretive phenomenological approach as the methodology, twenty financial product salespeople have been interviewed. The findings reveal that positive mindset, belief-in-oneself and not-giving-up are crucial psychological capabilities for salespeople's sustainable work performance. These psychological capabilities match with the elements in the Psychological Capital Model. Positive mindset is associated with hope and optimism; belief-in-oneself is associated with self-efficacy, and not-giving-up is associated with resilience. The study also found approaches that help develop these psychological elements, including being proactive in seeking help and guidance, setting personal goal, and continuous learning. The findings contribute to the financial services and sales literature by providing a better understanding of how psychological capabilities help motivate financial product salespeople toward positive and sustainable work outcomes, and the ways to develop the psychological capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to describe the wishes for a good death in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic based on the perspective of older individuals living in Finland. The data (N = 18) were collected from October to December in 2021 through in-person interviews of independently living and aged 65 and older individuals. The data were analysed by inductive content analysis. Older individuals´ wishes for good death included consideration of empowering factors relating to the period before death and consideration of other people in connection with the death. In addition, it included preparing documentation of wills, enabling an individual moment of death, and deciding on matters relating to the funeral. The wishes of older individuals for a good death must be considered individually. They should be allowed to discuss their wishes for a good death. In addition to the development of palliative care, attention should be paid to the ethical dialogue surrounding the individual’s right to decide when to die. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores confirmation bias and the quantitative approach in psychiatry, highlighting the influence of ideological competing interests on research. The authors argue for the disclosure of ideological biases in both qualitative and quantitative approaches to provide more objective information. They acknowledge the challenges of implementing such a policy, but believe that it can enhance trust and address concerns about bias. The article aims to contribute to the ongoing reflection on this topic and emphasizes the importance of considering context and ideology in psychiatric research for greater objectivity and trust in the results. [Extracted from the article]

The interest of this study was focused on understanding the approach to interrelationships for developing social studies curricula, and building the foundations and guidelines on which the interrelationships between social studies and other sciences are based. The study followed the qualitative approach - the grounded theory method. The study members consisted of (12) faculty members specializing in social studies, and semi-structured interview questions were used, after ensuring the reliability and objectivity values of the tool. The results showed the reasons for the emergence of interrelationships between social studies and other sciences. These reasons are represented in the overlapping nature of knowledge in the humanities, in addition to the challenges facing humanity. The results revealed the problems of overlap between them, which are: the traditional structures of academic institutions, the lack of seriousness of some inter-relations, linguistic problems, and the scarcity of expert human cadres. The results highlighted the prospects for integration between them, as social studies are derived from all branches of social sciences that have a reciprocal relationship and study phenomena from the perspective of interaction between them and humans and the problems resulting from this interaction and its impact on human behavior. The results of the study showed the most prominent foundations and guidelines on which the relationship between soc ial studies and other sciences is based, by identifying the goals to be focused on according to the approach to interrelations. The study concluded by developing a vision for a theory that describes the context, conditions, and foundations of the approach to inte rrelations according to the integrative approach. The study recommended adopting this approach to develop Social Studies curricula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: HIV-related stigma is a major social challenge for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA). It can forsake the programmes related to HIV due to compromise in early diagnosis & treatment. It is necessary to understand the perceptions of HIV about care and treatment in PLHA in order to work towards a more patient-centred care. Aim & Objective: To explore the perception of care & treatment along with the other life experiences in PLHA. Methodology: This is Qualitative exploratory study prepared by study of semi-structured in-depth interviews of different individuals through thematic analysis, at the Antiretroviral therapy (ART) centre of Nehru Hospital, BRD Medical College Gorakhpur. Result: Themes emerged were: 1) Negative reactions to HIV positive results; 2) Social support was highly valued by PLHA in improving their quality of life; 3) PLHA experiences various stigma throughout their life; 4) Health staff behaviour was good but they felt the need of better arrangements for their treatment; 5) Refusal by Private Hospitals to treat HIV cases. Conclusion: Awareness campaigns & regular counselling of the individual shall be effective for PLHA on a routine basis. A better & hustlefree medical infrastructure shall be very beneficial & it is necessary to sensitize the private hospitals to treat the HIV patients in a positive manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research addresses the critical opportunities and challenges confronting economic sustainability for hydrocarbon-based economies. The primary objective is to advocate for a transformative shift towards diversified and knowledge-centric economic models to ensure long-term sustainability. The literature review exposes vulnerabilities in hydrocarbon-based economies. The study innovatively explores multifaceted dimensions of economic diversification, including governance issues, societal well-being, and the necessity for robust ecosystem frameworks. Utilizing a qualitative case study methodology, the research investigates Qatar's initiatives, such as the Qatar National Vision 2030 and government programs, aiming to reduce dependence on hydrocarbons and foster innovation. Insightful semi-structured interviews provide nuanced perspectives on innovation in the hydrocarbon context with business and academic professionals. The primary data collection method involved the following distinct groups: five business professionals and eleven academic experts, representing eight outstanding local and external organizations. Key findings underscore a holistic view of innovation, associating it with practical solutions, adaptability, and transformative potential, showcasing diverse approaches ranging from business-centric to collaborative and user-centric methods. Identified challenges in the education system, the urgency for a matured innovation ecosystem, and opportunities in sustainable energy further enrich the study. Moreover, this research examines the challenges and mitigation strategies associated with economic diversification in hydrocarbon-driven economies, focusing on Qatar. The research recommends sustained efforts in economic diversification, educational reform, and technological integration for hydrocarbon-based economies. Policymakers, businesses, and academics can leverage these insights to navigate the complexities of resource dependency and ensure long-term viability. The commitment to addressing challenges faced by hydrocarbon-dependent nations remains crucial, with a dedication to fostering economic diversity, innovation, and educational excellence for a resilient and prosperous future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The present research aims to identify the obstacles and challenges encountered when launching startups in the education industry. Methodology: This study employs an applied objective and, from the perspective of data collection, utilizes a qualitative approach with the implementation of descriptive phenomenological research methodology. The research field comprised 14 founders of successful educational startups, selected through purposeful sampling based on predefined criteria. Semi-structured interviews were conducted for data collection until theoretical saturation was achieved. The analysis of findings was performed using Colaizzi's seven-step strategy. The validity of the qualitative findings was confirmed using Lincoln & Guba's (1985) four criteria for judgment: credibility, transferability, confirmability/neutrality, and reliability/consistency, further validated by Krippendorff's alpha. Findings: The analysis of findings led to the identification of 176 key phrases, which were then aggregated into 60 components and categorized, culminating in the identification of seven factors including challenges and obstacles related to cultural factors, financial and economic challenges, pedagogical challenges, challenges related to government laws and policies, human capital management challenges, technical infrastructure challenges, and environmental challenges. Conclusion: In general, the results of this study can be a practical guide for founders of educational startups to anticipate the obstacles and challenges of launching their business; thus, they can prepare themselves to face possible obstacles, challenges, and problems, and with a managed and effective performance, they can reduce threats and turn them into opportunities. Additionally, the results of this study can be a roadmap for our country's policymakers and legislators to adopt better decisions and policies, as well as to reform cumbersome laws and regulations and facilitate the process of obtaining activity licenses and legal obligations, reducing and addressing the obstacles in launching educational startups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]