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Indigenous stewardship is essential to the conservation of biocultural diversity, yet conventional conservation models often treat Indigenous territories (ITs) as homogeneous or isolated units. We propose that archipelagos of Indigenous territories (AITs), clusters of ITs that span geographies but are connected through shared cultural or political ties maintained by Indigenous nations, are crucial for understanding and enhancing conservation strategies that recognize the complexity of Indigenous stewardship. We classified 3572 ITs in the Amazon into 4 categories—single or multiple nations with either singular IT or AIT—to assess their spatial heterogeneity, governance, and conservation potential. We then assessed species richness, carbon stocks, and pressures across these different categories. To examine how AITs can enhance biocultural conservation efforts, we conducted a case study of the Cofán Nation in Ecuador. AITs covered 45% of the Amazonian land area and had higher species richness and carbon stocks than single IT configurations. However, AITs faced greater pressures from development and extractive activities. In the case study, the Cofán AIT was shaped by colonization and land titling challenges, but their community‐driven governance, cross‐territorial collaboration, and adaptive responses—such as comanagement agreements and resisting extractive activities—enhanced their ecological and cultural resilience amid growing development pressures. Our findings suggest that AITs facilitate the exchange of resources, knowledge, and cultural practices, which strengthens social connectivity, reinforces governance structures, and enables adaptive management across ITs, thereby enhancing biocultural resilience across discontinuous spaces. This work advocates for a paradigm shift in conservation planning and practice that recognizes the vital role of AITs in sustaining Amazonian ecosystems and Indigenous lifeways, particularly in the face of increasing pressures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adopted in 2010 as a supplementary agreement to the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity, the Nagoya Protocol (NP) mandates the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources provided by Indigenous peoples. Member states must newly enact or amend domestic laws to align with the NP. Consequently, many countries are currently implementing legislative, administrative, and policy measures to ensure fair benefit sharing from the use of Indigenous genetic resources. We examined the inclusion of intellectual property (IP) protection in the sharing of benefits from research and development that utilizes Indigenous genetic resources. The NP does not specify guidelines for IP‐related benefit sharing, leaving each member state to establish its own rules. We used an economics‐based approach to explore the optimal scope and duration of IP protection for maximizing stakeholder interests, including those of Indigenous peoples, at the national level. The optimal duration of IP protection was when the marginal social cost and benefit of IP protection were equal. When this point occurred varied depending on various factors, such as the type of genetic resources in the country, existence of alternatives, number of users, and competing actors. The optimal scope of IP protection was when the social benefit of investment in fundamental research equaled the social benefit of application development. Likewise, this point of implementation also varied based on various factors, such as the type, uniqueness, potential for further discovery, and diversity of providers in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How do the relationships between the concept of being indigenous and the processes of ethnoeducation manifest in southwestern Colombia? This ethnographic study explores the complexities of constructing ethnic identity among the indigenous peoples of Nariño, focusing on the implementation of educational programs driven by a population perspective. By questioning the foundations of ethnoeducation from the late 20th century to the early 21st century, we establish a dialogue among various institutional agents within the broader framework of ethnic-based social organization. We also examine the historical relationships, institutional archaisms, and contemporary challenges faced by ethnic educational processes in Nariño. We conclude with insights into the construction of ethnic identity and its implications for the social order governing the interactions between community members and government representatives. We conceptualize the relationship between the State, school, and ethnic identity as a fundamental part of Colombia’s modern project, which has been in development since the republican era. The institutional framework has fluctuated between protectionist, paternalistic, and cultural assimilation policies. However, the current threats to the physical and cultural survival of ancestral peoples must be addressed through the State’s institutional mechanisms and governance technologies. These mechanisms are designed to tackle the challenges of interculturality within a complex and often contradictory framework of relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este trabajo examina la violencia asociada a la conflictividad socioambiental en contextos de megaminería en el continente americano. A través de un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de fuentes secundarias, identificamos 372 conflictos en todo el continente, lo que representa 65% de los conflictos mineros a nivel global. Además, 90% de los casos documentados ocurren en Latinoamérica y el Caribe. Nuestros hallazgos revelan una asociación estadísticamente significativa, con 99% de confianza, entre la presencia de pueblos indígenas en la resistencia a proyectos megamineros y una mayor incidencia de criminalización, represión y asesinato, destacando cómo la megaminería amenaza principalmente a territorios rurales. Este estudio aporta a la comprensión de las dinámicas de poder en la conflictividad socioambiental, subrayando la urgencia de reimaginar nuestras sociedades hacia modelos que prioricen la justicia social y ambiental.

Indigenous peoples in Latin America have produced some of the region’s strongest and most enduring social movements, drawing on a diverse repertoire of contention to pursue their goals. In the twenty-first century, social media have transformed the landscape of collective action, compelling Indigenous movements to navigate the evolving dynamics of digital platforms. There is an ongoing debate in the literature regarding the role of social media in mobilization. But we know relatively little about how social media fit into the tactical repertoires of Indigenous actors and what tasks these platforms are used for. This article addresses this gap through an examination of how Indigenous actors use social media during protest events. We conducted a comparative analysis of social media content produced by Indigenous social movement organizations during major protest events in three countries from 2018 to 2019. We find that the most common functions include activating supporters and exposing state violence. These functions support several of the organizations’ core mobilization tasks by providing actors with tools to complement collection action.

En este trabajo realizaremos un abordaje de los feminismos contemporáneos en el Abya Yala abordados desde el papel relevante que tienen en la construcción de procesos políticos y organizativos de mayor protagonismo de los pueblos o democracias participativas. Focalizaremos en las formas políticas gestadas desde los feminismos de los pueblos indígenas y afrodiaspóricos así como desde el gestado desde movimientos sociales de carácter moderno. Es un trabajo desarrollado a partir de experiencias feministas en el continente latinoamericano o Abya Yala, tanto históricas como contemporáneas.

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo contribuir al conocimiento de las formas de resistencia y prácticas organizativas de la comunidad Kalfulafken en Carhué, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. El conjunto de reflexiones se centran en la labor etnográfica realizada desde el año 2018. Se tendrán en cuenta la transformación de la demanda étnica a partir de la presentación de su personería jurídica. Debido a las demoras en su aprobación, nos adentraremos en la noción de espera para analizar el lugar del Estado y el rol que cumple en estos procesos. Por último, nos cuestionaremos sobre el impacto que tiene la falta de respuesta en los proyectos etnopolíticos. Analizar el proceso de organización de las familias mapuches de Carhué nos permitirá ver las particularidades del caso, así como las generalidades que lo engloban en un proceso más amplio y de larga data que afecta a las comunidades indígenas en su conjunto.

This paper examines the origin and evolution of the Scholarship for Amazonian Native Communities, Beca 18 (CNA) in Peru from 2014 and 2021, focusing on the perspective of both the national indigenous federation, Aidesep and the National Program of Scholarships and Educational Credit (Pronabec). The research methodology combines the analysis of institutional documents and in-depth interviews with members of both institutions. We highlight Aidesep's initiative to establish a dialogue with Pronabec in 2013, the collaborative efforts between Aidesep and Pronabec during the early years of the scholarship, and the lack of publicly available statistics, particularly regarding the retention and graduation of indigenous university students. Both institutions identify the "loss of the scholarship" as amajor limitation, though each has different views on providing support to students to help them complete their studies. The Amazonian notion of 'getting usedd to' (acostumbrarse) emerges as a key element of the indigenous approach to supporting indigenous students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This paper seeks to contribute, from the perspective of Social Anthropology, to the analysis of the ethnopolitical organization and identity revaluation of indigenous communities in Argentina. For this purpose, we will focus on the organization process of the families of the Mapuche Kalfulafken community in the urban region of Carhué, province of Buenos Aires (Argentina), which has gained momentum in the last decades. In short, the aim is to analyze how indigenous claims in Carhué are constituted around territory, ethnic identity and living conditions by considering resistance strategies and access to resources over time and in relation to the different levels of the State -municipality, province and nation-. Central to this analysis is the indigenous emergence of recent times, which began in the 1990s and is characterized by a growing ethnic awareness and emergence. Additionally, reanalyzing the legislations that principally address the original pueblos of the country and the legal and regulatory advances that, in many cases, are due to the continued mobilization and organization of indigenous groups have been very important in the processes of identity reconstruction. Materials and methods: The approach from which we start this research corresponds to the perspective of Social Anthropology. The fieldwork with the Mapuche families of Carhué began in 2018 from a specific demand to the research/outreach group to collaborate in their request for recognition before the provincial State (through the processing of their legal status). The steps to be followed in the research and the work guidelines were defined together with the community, so that the methodology is based on collaborative work. A bibliographic survey of theoretical antecedents was carried out. The research question focused on the forms of organization of the Mapuche families and their relationship with the processes of ethnic-identity reconfiguration in Carhué, framed in the context of the indigenous emergence and resurgence of ethnic and territorial demands in the area. Returning to the field on several occasions, deepening the topics and reworking the methodological strategies allowed us to construct the objectives and better orient the research. The methodology was ethnographic and a diverse group of actors were interviewed: the members of the indigenous organization, inhabitants of Carhué, governmental and non-governmental officials, and others. Open and in-depth interviews, semi-structured interviews, individual, and group interviews were carried out. The aim was to reconstruct life histories and trajectories in order to try to understand social phenomena from the perspective of the actors. Thus, participant observation was an important part of the fieldwork. The perspective was nurtured and triangulated with the search for primary and secondary sources and complementary cases through the work in the local archive at the request of Kalfulafken, given the importance of making an approach with some historical depth to reconstruct the facts of persecution and violence against indigenous peoples in Argentina. Results: The work is framed within the resurgence of the demands and processes of identity reconstruction that have been gaining strength in the country since the 1990s. The large presence of the indigenous population in urban spaces is highlighted in the face of the historically constructed ideas of denial, discrimination and exclusion that have their roots in the colonial period and continued with the formation of the National State. We focus on the history of ethnopolitical organization and the forms of resistance of the families of Carhué, which has gained momentum in the last decades and seeks to assert their presence in the urban environment. From which, the members appeal to distance themselves from and question the discourses promoted by state institutions that sought to dominate and make the indigenous population in the region invisible. In this way, we address the strategies and activities implemented by the Kalfulafken community that seek to question the 'official history' and demonstrate the subjugation, discrimination and invisibilization suffered and to reaffirm their current presence in Carhué. Such processes have led, on the one hand, to new links with other ethnopolitical groups, universities, national and local institutions, and on the other hand, to the generation of new spaces for participation and networks in the area in order to have greater visibility and strengthen their claims. In addition, we highlight the community's search for support and recognition from local authorities in order to make their claims viable. Conclusions: From the analysis on the organizational processes of a Mapuche community in the province of Buenos Aires we can make several conclusions. On the one hand, in the absence of responses from the various levels of the State and the lack of implementation of laws and regulations concerning indigenous peoples, it is the communities that must mobilize and develop strategies to enforce their rights as pre-existing peoples. Despite the lack of response to the indigenous claims, the ethnopolitical organization of the community of Carhué continues to grow in order to make its presence visible at the local level and to claim the fulfillment of their rights and the recovery of their territories in order to have their own spaces and cultural autonomy for their reproduction. Another issue that was highlighted was the need for greater access to funds and social projects that would allow these objectives to be carried out and that would provide scholarships for the younger generations to study. That is to say that these requests that have arisen in the organization are linked, since in order to have autonomy they must have territories and funds to sustain it. In summary, the above allows us to account for the local ethnopolitical work and the impact of the productions and materials produced within the framework of university extension to accompany such processes. Likewise, the presence of indigenous movements makes it clear that the state projects of a homogeneous Argentina have not been achieved. In the case of Kalfulafken we have been able to see that in addition to the processing of their legal status, the community seeks to generate new spaces for intervention and networks in the region to achieve greater visibility and strengthen their claims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Argentina. General Archive of the Nation. Written Documents Department. Argentine Confederation. Ministry of War and Navy. 58-1-1. Paper. [Part of the map of the Chaco that by order, and under the direction of the General Command is being drawn up by the engineer attached to the E.M. of the latter.] Undated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the COVID-19 pandemic, indigenous peoples in the southeast of Pará faced, among many emergencies, the worsening of territorial violations and precarious health care and education, without depriving them of resilience to frontier capitalism in the region. The information obtained through interviews with indigenous leaders, consultation of official data and those published by the Articulation of Indigenous Peoples of Brazil (APIB), as well as field notes on the performance of the Mutual Support Network to Indigenous Peoples of Southeastern Brazil Pará, highlights the strategic use of the territory for isolation and resurgence of cultural practices, and the formulation of policies to resist the systemic crises aggravated by the fascist national government of the period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the emergence of New Clark City, Philippines, which is part of the country's development programme "Build‐Build‐Build". Triangulating data from field observations, interviews, and documents, we analyse the social, economic, and ecological consequences of this "city of the future". The city enables capital to be fixed into space, which (i) creates new accumulation opportunities for investors, (ii) lubricates capital circulation, shortening turnover times and lowering costs, and (iii) staves off a multitude of longstanding barriers faced by capital and state actors by reordering space along the lines of the Philippines' geographical expansion and spatial restructuring strategy. Aiming to address a geographical‐switching crisis, this socio‐ecological fix goes hand‐in‐hand with the stark reality of an internal colonialist agenda, resulting in negative consequences for local and Indigenous communities. We contribute to the socio‐ecological fix literature by arguing that internal colonialism offers a vital lens to understand capital expansion from the centre to the periphery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From a position as students, disciples, and collaborators of María Bertely, we reflect on her contributions to the gestation and development process of the project "Milpas Educativas: Socionatural Laboratories for good living". After specifying the locus of enunciation and the sources that support the analysis, the political and epistemological referents that are essential to understanding the essence of an educational project with a clear ethnopolitical and alter-globalization position are made explicit. These, in addition, allow us to appreciate the contributions of Bertely as coordinator and caretaker of the Intercultural Inductive Method and committed academic who felt mandated by the community educators of the Union of Teachers of the New Education for Mexico (UNEM) and the indigenous communities that appointed them. Subsequently, Bertely's contributions to the gestation phase of the project are analyzed, emphasizing her efforts before the financing body and the resulting achievements. Next, we reflect on her contributions to the development process of Milpas Educativas, highlighting the political, epistemic, axiological, and pedagogical dimensions that characterized them. We conclude by presenting some of his most important legacies to Mexican and Latin American educational anthropology, emphasizing her political commitment to the indigenous cause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indigenous Peoples' lands (IPL) cover at least 38 million km2 (28.1%) of Earth's terrestrial surface. These lands can be important for biodiversity conservation. Around 20.7% of IPL intersect areas protected by government (PAs). Many sites of importance for biodiversity within IPL could make a substantial but hitherto unquantified contribution to global site‐based conservation targets. Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) represent the largest global network of systematically identified sites of high importance for biodiversity. We assessed the effectiveness of IPL in slowing biodiversity loss inside and outside PAs by quantifying tree cover loss from 2000 to 2019 in KBAs at international and national levels and comparing it with losses at equivalent sites outside mapped IPL. Based on a matched sample of 1‐km2 cells in KBAs inside and outside mapped IPL, tree cover loss in KBAs outside PAs was lower inside IPL than outside IPL. By contrast, tree cover loss in KBAs inside PAs was lower outside IPL than inside IPL (although the difference was far smaller). National rates of tree cover loss in KBAs varied greatly in relation to their IPL and PA status. In one half of the 44 countries we examined individually, there was no significant difference in the rate of tree cover loss in KBAs inside and outside mapped IPL. The reasons for this intercountry variation could illuminate the importance of IPL in meeting the Convention on Biological Diversity's ambition of conserving 30% of land by 2030. Critical to this will be coordinated action by governments to strengthen and enforce Indigenous Peoples' rights, secure their collective systems of tenure and governance, and recognize their aspirations for their lands and futures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo : comprender los procesos críticos (PC) de determinación social de la obesidad, la diabetes y la hipertensión (ODH) en una comunidad nahua de México. Metodología : estudio cualitativo de registros de un taller de fotovoz, donde las participantes fotografiaron su entorno y analizaron las causas y posibles soluciones a la ODH. Para analizar los PC de la ODH utilizamos como método la investigación narrativa y, como referente teórico, la epidemiología crítica. Resultados : la ODH se reproduce social e históricamente a través de PC destructivos vinculados con las relaciones de producción global y de género. Estas determinan modos de vida deteriorantes que limitan la atención a la salud, comprometen la salud mental, producen contaminación y diferenciación de uso de espacios, y reducen oportunidades para alimentarse nutritivamente y realizar actividad física. Todo ello se expresa como ODH y problemas de salud mental. Los PC protectores ante estas expresiones incluyen la atención estatal, las oportunidades de trabajo, y la promoción de dispositivos culturales y comunitarios. Conclusiones : nuestros resultados aportan a la discusión global sobre cómo las condiciones históricas de vida son parte de la determinación social de la ODH. Comprender los PC y sus expresiones locales puede orientarnos hacia la descolonización de la forma de pensar y hacer promoción de la salud. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Latin American Policy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ecología Política is the property of Fundacio ENT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ecología Política is the property of Fundacio ENT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ecología Política is the property of Fundacio ENT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Latin American & Caribbean Anthropology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En esta reseña, más que presentar una síntesis del libro de Jaime Martínez Luna, se busca recuperar algunas «pistas» que el autor nos comparte a lo largo de 18 capítulos para caminar hacia una descolonización política, epistémica y subjetiva. Las reflexiones que ofrece se sustentan tanto en una crítica incisiva a la modernidad occidental, como en una reflexión sobre la comunalidad, entendida como práctica, horizonte y camino para descolonizar nuestra existencia. Desde esta propuesta, la descolonización implica necesariamente la comunalización de la vida, además de pensarnos y comportarnos como seres comunales que se reconocen como parte del mundo y no como su centro.

La presente investigación examina los conceptos de plurinacionalidad y Sumak Kawsay (Buen Vivir) en la Constitución ecuatoriana de 2008. La plurinacionalidad busca reconocer la diversidad cultural y étnica dentro del Estado, promoviendo una inclusión más profunda de los pueblos indígenas y otras nacionalidades. El Sumak Kawsay, originado en la cosmovisión indígena, se presenta como un principio rector que aspira a una convivencia armónica entre los seres humanos y la naturaleza, desafiando los modelos de desarrollo tradicionales. Aunque estos conceptos representan un avance significativo en la teoría constitucional ecuatoriana, su implementación práctica enfrenta desafíos. El artículo concluye que el verdadero alcance de la plurinacionalidad y el Buen Vivir depende de una transformación profunda de las estructuras sociales, políticas y económicas. Se enfatiza la necesidad de políticas públicas inclusivas y una deconstrucción de mentalidades arraigadas para lograr una auténtica plurinacionalidad y la realización del Sumak Kawsay como perspectiva liberadora.

Se formula una propuesta hermenéutica referente a la regulación de los proyectos de inversión con efectos o potenciales efectos sobre comunidades indígenas. Esta propuesta sistematiza estándares de cumplimiento y enfoques culturalmente pertinentes, conforme el derecho humano al medio ambiente sano y el derecho humano a la identidad cultural, articulando las fuentes desde los niveles internacional y regional interamericano, para la protección de comunidades indígenas y respectivos territorios ambientalmente relevantes. Con base en dicha propuesta, se realiza un análisis crítico de jurisprudencia chilena en materia ambiental (competencia técnica ambiental o constitucional). Luego, se identifican brechas de cumplimiento, de origen regulatorio o interpretativo judicial, en la protección de comunidades indígenas, frente a los proyectos de inversión, conforme los referidos a estándares de contenidos en la propuesta. El estudio se focaliza en proyectos de inversión y sus efectos sobre los “intangibles culturales indígenas”, como bienes jurídicos protegidos a la luz de los derechos humanos indicados. Así, en el epígrafe 1), se estudia el derecho humano a la identidad cultural y el derecho humano al medio ambiente sano; en el epígrafe 2) se revisa el marco normativo doméstico pertinente a la evaluación ambiental; en el epígrafe 3) se formula una propuesta hermenéutica cautelar ambiental e intercultural; en el 4) se estudia críticamente la jurisprudencia ambiental local a partir de la propuesta formulada.

Introducción. Colombia alberga dos millones de indígenas, que viven en condiciones de pobreza y tienen deficiencias en salud, por lo cual están expuestos a contraer infecciones virales como la hepatitis B. El departamento del Amazonas presenta una gran prevalencia del virus y barreras para acceder a la vacunación; por esto, parte de la población es propensa a la infección. Objetivo. Identificar factores asociados con la infección por el virus de la hepatitis B en indígenas colombianos. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de casos y controles en mayores de 18 años de cuatro departamentos del país. Los casos se identificaron mediante el registro nacional de notificación de hepatitis B (2015-2022). Los controles seleccionados de manera concurrente fueron pareados con los casos por edad, sexo, etnia y departamento. En una encuesta se consignaron las características sociodemográficas, los factores asociados con el contacto con sangre y fluidos, las prácticas socioculturales y los antecedentes de vacunación. El proyecto fue aprobado por Comité de Ética de la Universidad de Antioquia. Resultados. Participaron 75 casos y 150 controles de 13 grupos étnicos. El departamento del Amazonas aportó el 49 % de los participantes (83 % mujeres) con una mediana de edad de 30 años (RIC = 27-37). Los factores asociados con una mayor probabilidad de contraer la infección fueron el antecedente de algún familiar infectado con el virus de la hepatitis B (OR ajustado = 2,61) (IC95%: 1,09-6,27) y número de embarazos en mujeres, (OR ajustado = 1,61) (IC95%: 1,02-2,54). La vacunación mostró un efecto protector sin asociación significativa. Conclusión. Los aspectos asociados con la convivencia familiar y el número de embarazos contribuyen a una potencial transmisión vertical y horizontal del virus. No se identificaron prácticas culturales asociadas. Se requieren estrategias novedosas y diferenciales para reducir la transmisión del virus de la hepatitis B en poblaciones indígenas.

En la emergencia de la pauta decolonial en el arte, diversas son las producciones audiovisuales que abordan el tema de los pueblos originarios, entre las cuales se destacan animaciones, de las más variadas. Muchas de ellas, motivadas por la curiosidad sobre lo diferente, por un deseo un tanto ingenuo de hacer conocer la cultura indígena, inciden fácilmente en estereotipos e imágenes-clichés. El presente artículo se propone reflexionar sobre esas cuestiones por medio del análisis de un tramo del largometraje Ainbo – la Guerrera del Amazonas (2021). Se utiliza, para tanto, la metodología propuesta por Diana Rose para el análisis de imágenes en movimiento y su adaptación para la animación referente a la Amazonia, hecha por el investigador Davi Coelho. Se espera, con ese trabajo, despertar la percepción para reconocer en otras producciones los estereotipos que perpetúan la imagen despectiva de los pueblos originarios y, así, colaborar para un giro decolonial en las instancias políticas y artísticas de la sociedad.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to plague the world, but there are indigenous communities that have adopted various protection measures in their homes and communities. Objective: Describe cultural practices to prevent COVID-19 in an indigenous community in Peru, 2021. Method: Descriptive qualitative research. The sampling was non-probabilistic for convenience, 08 mothers and 02 fathers from the Supayacu native community participated in the study. For data collection, four interviews were applied via Zoom and six in person with prior informed consent. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results: Four categories emerged: a) Communal organization: Closure of borders, process of acquisition and disinfection of provisions, b) Cultural care in food and use of traditional medicine, c) Adoption of preventive measures: Washing hands, use of masks, alcohol, hygiene of the home, d) Religious beliefs and rituals: divine punishment, fasting and prayer. Conclusions: This indigenous community used their ancestral knowledge and cultural practices to protect themselves from COVID-19, based on their organization, the closure of borders, the use of medicinal plants, and their religious beliefs. In addition, they complied with preventive measures such as hand washing, use of masks, alcohol, and social distancing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To understand the experience of nursing staff in the care of pregnant women in an Institution of Indigenous Health Services in Colombia. Method: Qualitative, descriptive study, based on the referent of hybrid thematic oral history. The collaborators were 2 nurses and 6 nursing assistants belonging to an indigenous health institution who, through an interview, expressed their ideas regarding the subject under study. The content analysis was carried out following the three phases proposed by Laurence Bardin; pre-analysis, exploration of the material and treatment of the results, inference and interpretation. Results: 3 categories emerged; Institutional maternal health with a focus on culture, Role of nursing staff in caring for indigenous pregnant women, and Perceived barriers to institutional care for indigenous women. Conclusion: The Institution seeks to offer differential care that considers the cultural practices of women, however, the need for structural changes is evident, with a focus on raising awareness and preparing health personnel to provide intercultural care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal mining is associated with negative social, political, economic, health, and environmental impacts. These individual impacts are generally understood, but a deeper understanding of the combined syndemic effects of mining, particularly in Indigenous communities, is needed, especially as metal mining is expected to grow with the expansion of cleaner energy technologies. Perceptions of environmental risk and human health in Ch'orti' communities of Olopa, Guatemala, that have been impacted by the Cantera Los Manantiales antimony mine were examined via a community-based participatory research approach that included participatory mapping, interviews, and community mapping workshops. Results indicate increased violence and community divisions, increased incidence of health concerns, and an extensive loss of crops and domesticated animals following the introduction of mining operations. Furthermore, participants attributed both water and air contamination to the mine. We argue that our collective results present as a syndemic and represent a continuation of violence toward Indigenous people. Findings will support local leaders and allied research and legal organizations in efforts to effectively access justice and assess health in Indigenous communities impacted by the mine in Olopa. More broadly, this effort demonstrates how participatory mapping methods add nuance to the understanding of syndemics and other environmental health risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista del Museo de Antropología is the property of Museo de Antropologia - IDACOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Estudios Políticos is the property of Centro de Estudios Politicos y Constitucionales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ANIAV: Revista de Investigación en Artes Visuales is the property of Universidad Politecnica de Valencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este artículo examina el surgimiento y evolución de la Beca 18 modalidad Comunidades Nativas Amazónicas (CNA) en Perú entre el 2014 al 2021, enfocando en la perspectiva de la federación indígena nacional Aidesep y los funcionarios públicos del Programa Nacional de Becas y Crédito Educativo (Pronabec). La metodología de investigación combina el análisis de documentos institucionales y entrevistas en profundidad con miembros de ambas instituciones. Destacamos la iniciativa de Aidesep de convocar al diálogo a Pronabec en 2013, el trabajo colaborativo entre Aidesep y Pronabec en los primeros años de la beca, así como la falta de estadísticas disponibles al público, especialmente sobre permanencia y egreso de los becarios indígenas en las universidades. La “pérdida de la beca” es identificada por ambas instituciones como la principal limitante, pero cada cual tiene diferentes percepciones del tipo de acompañamiento requerido por los becarios para lograr culminar sus estudios. La noción amazónica de “acostumbrarse” surge, entonces, como un elemento clave de la propuesta indígena de acompañamiento.

El objetivo de este artículo es repasar los últimos acontecimientos del largo camino hacia la autonomía de los pueblos indígenas de la Amazonía peruana. El movimiento por la autonomía de los pueblos indígenas amazónicos busca una mayor capacidad de autoorganización, respaldada por el derecho a la autodeterminación. En Perú, el Estado, que siempre se ha opuesto a estas aspiraciones, intenta mantener el statu quo, relegando a los indígenas mediante normas que buscan su subordinación. La parcelación estatal de los territorios ancestrales permite la invasión de colonos y concesiones a empresas, amenazando la integridad sociocultural. Aunque las organizaciones indígenas han logrado éxitos, la falta de reconocimiento legal y la división administrativa obstaculizan su cohesión. La autonomía indígena no busca la división del país, sino el autogobierno basado en la autodeterminación, enfrentándose a desafíos legales y políticos. El reconocimiento estatal de estas iniciativas indígenas es crucial para superar barreras y avanzar hacia la plurinacionalidad.

Resumen: El pueblo Kankuamo es uno de los 102 pueblos originarios de Colombia, que se encuentran en el proceso de desarrollo de estrategias para la autogestión de salud individual y colectiva. Este artículo tiene como objetivo investigar, identificar y analizar, de forma colaborativa e intercultural, los factores que influyen en el bienestar del pueblo Kankuamo, utilizando el Enfoque de Capacidades propuesto por Amartya Sen. Con este fin, se llevaron a cabo tres grupos focales con la participación de 37 personas de las 15 comunidades del resguardo Kankuamo. Las transcripciones fueron analizadas mediante un análisis temático. De los grupos focales surgieron tres temas centrales para el bienestar de los Kankuamo: (i) armonía entre la naturaleza y los seres humanos, (ii) convivencia social y (iii) autodeterminación. Estos temas reflejan los principios y valores fundamentales que guían a la comunidad hacia el bienestar, la expansión de sus capacidades, la armonía y el desarrollo integral. Los resultados sugieren que los aspectos materiales desempeñan un papel secundario en el concepto de bienestar de la comunidad Kankuamo, y además confirman que es fundamental considerar una visión colectiva de capacidades, no solo individuales, en contextos indígenas. Estudios como este pueden contribuir al desarrollo de enfoques más contextualmente apropiados para evaluar y medir la calidad de vida y el bienestar de las comunidades indígenas, incluyendo el pueblo Kankuamo.

A partir de un abordaje etnográfico de prácticas socio-lingüísticas vinculadas con el silencio, impulsadas por la agencia religiosa de los Hermanos Maristas en la localidad de Nueva Pompeya (Chaco), intentamos reflexionar sobre las políticas que involucran al lenguaje y que, a su vez, van más allá del Estado y colocan las relaciones desiguales de poder como núcleo problemático principal. Con la observación participante como herramienta metodológica de base, diario de campo y entrevistas semidirigidas, indagamos sobre los habitus y repertorios ―particularmente el silencio― como políticas centradas en los actores concretos, que permiten trascender la noción prototípica de código lingüístico, la autoevidencia del poder y que nos muestran una fusión de horizontes donde religiosos e indígenas (sin presunción de transparencia) otorgan a la palabra ―y su ausencia― un valor espiritual. Estos horizontes hermenéuticos, no obstante, se implican también en tensión y conflicto. Dentro de las políticas del silencio movilizadas por los religiosos, existen tres tipos que se relacionan, imbrican y dialogan entre sí, poseen un espesor histórico y configuran una dialéctica del poder.

El objetivo del artículo es estudiar el cooperativismo y el codiseño como oportunidades de competitividad para revitalizar el conocimiento tradicional, contemplado en la tejeduría wayúu, y como modelos de intervención y empoderamiento de los pueblos indígenas. A partir de una metodología de análisis documental, que recoge la experiencia de intervención en el pueblo wayuu, se presentan dos casos relacionados con mujeres indígenas de los Municipios de Uribia y Manaure en el Departamento de La Guajira, Colombia. Se encontró que estas estrategias han supuesto un cambio positivo para estas comunidades, y una experiencia significativa que podría implementarse en el ámbito de las políticas públicas. Recibido: 03 agosto 2023 Aceptado: 26 junio 2024

Este artículo reflexiona sobre como las políticas neoliberales, en cuanto prácticas de gobierno y como narrativas, pretenden intervenir sobre los territorios indígenas y sus ecosistemas en la Amazonia colombiana. Serán abordadas las experiencias de los programas REDD+ como mecanismos económicos y políticos que intervienen en los ecosistemas como espacios de inversión y fuentes de lucro. El abordaje planteado promueve la discusión alrededor del concepto de Ornitorrinco del sociólogo brasilero Francisco de Oliveira (2003), que permite pensar las realidades amazónicas atravesadas por atributos económicos, conflictos y relaciones diferentes, en las que políticas neoliberales, por ejemplo, pueden alimentarse del atraso, el capital financiero se imbrica con precariedad, dando forma dialéctica a una realidad en contradicción permanente. Finalmente, se enfocará como los pueblos amazónicos se debaten entre la comercialización de los mal llamados “servicios ambientales” y la puesta en marcha de sus prácticas culturales como refugio común ante la maquinaria del capital.

O artigo descreve experiências de indígenas universitários que viveram em uma moradia estudantil durante o período de distanciamento social ampliado no primeiro semestre da pandemia de Covid-19. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com utilização de diário de campo, levantamento documental e entrevistas. Foi realizada análise temática de conteúdo, sob a óptica dos conceitos de situação-limite, inéditos viáveis e resiliência. Foram duas categorias identificadas: sofrimento no contexto do distanciamento social e estratégias de superação de dificuldades. Vivenciaram incertezas e limites trazidos pela pandemia, medos por estarem distantes e adoecimentos. Como enfrentamento, surgiram adaptações no ensino, na pesquisa e na extensão; estratégias individuais para além de atividades acadêmicas; e busca de construções coletivas possíveis visando à resiliência e à desconstrução de visões estereotipadas no ambiente acadêmico.

En el contexto de la revitalización del concepto de “comunidad” asociado a la pertenencia indígena, este texto busca proponer una forma de entender y analizar los espacios comunitarios, a través del análisis del caso de Mezcala, una localidad de Jalisco que en buena parte no entra en los cánones de la comunidad indígena pero está inmersa en un proceso de recomunalización por la defensa de su territorio. Al estudiar “lo comunitario” a través de sus instituciones, prácticas e ideologías e incluir el conflicto como parte inherente, en Mezcala surgieron al menos cuatro formas de entender la comunidad y practicar lo comunitario.

Este artículo reseña: Harold BERTOT TRIANA, Estudios sobre jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de derechos humanos. Cavilaciones al hilo de temas actuales del sistema interamericano de derechos humanos

En el presente artículo se discute acerca de los avances, en términos normativos y de democratización, de los mecanismos y las dinámicas del sistema de participación política de los pueblos indígenas originarios campesinos de Bolivia. El objetivo de tal discusión es representar el funcionamiento del ensamblaje institucional entre la Asamblea Legislativa Departamental de La Paz y los usos y costumbres del pueblo indígena mosetén. Para ello, se parte de una visión que considera al Estado Plurinacional resultante de un proceso de construcción estatal en el que los pueblos indígenas originarios campesinos han luchado por la representación y el reconocimiento. Se realiza un análisis sistemático de las innovaciones institucionales introducidas a partir del Estado Plurinacional, las cuales implican una reforma electoral. Se discute el paradigma de la democracia intercultural y se lo operativiza mediante la noción de ensamblaje para realizar una aproximación al caso de interés a través de una caracterización y de entrevistas a actores clave. Se concluye que los mecanismos introducidos en Bolivia abren paso al reconocimiento de otras democracias no liberales, además, que es posible la inclusión de minorías étnicas históricamente excluidas. Sin embargo, también se ilustran los obstáculos y los desafíos que afrontan las poblaciones indígenas para consolidar lo descrito en la ley.

Copyright of Ecología Política is the property of Fundacio ENT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este artículo tiene como objeto analizar los procesos autonómicos de jure que están teniendo lugar en varios municipios indígenas de México, con el fin de examinar cómo los pueblos originarios ejercen su derecho al autogobierno en el ámbito municipal. Desde un enfoque de derecho, su metodología se basa en un análisis comparado de tres casos de estudio: los municipios de Cherán, Ayutla y Oxchuc, en los estados de Michoacán, Guerrero y Chiapas, respectivamente, debido a que estos se han dotado de nuevos gobiernos locales en los últimos años, no por el sistema electoral de partidos tradicional, sino por medio de sistemas normativos propios que han logrado ser legalmente reconocidos. Para ello, el texto se divide en ocho apartados: una introducción; una sección sobre la problemática de los municipios indígenas en México; tres apartados sobre cada uno de los casos de estudio; otro apartado con el análisis comparado en sí; un penúltimo apartado con los resultados de este ejercicio; y unas reflexiones finales. El principal hallazgo de la investigación remite a un proceso de judicialización del derecho al autogobierno que coloca a los pueblos indígenas frente a una paradoja, intrínseca a la contradicción que tensiona en su seno los procesos autonómicos de jure.

This article examines the literature on popular liberalism in nineteenth-century Mexico and the shortcomings of two interpretations: popular liberalism as an alternative to elite liberalism, and popular liberalism as a strategy to ultimately pursue non-liberal ends. It argues that both interpretations tend to overstate the distance between the liberal elite and its popular supporters because of an unexamined, dichotomous conception of liberalism and the people (generally Indigenous and non-Indigenous peasants) as opposites. It draws its examples from studies of local politics and sides with the interpretation of 'liberalism tout court ' as the best available option to avoid reifications of liberalism and the popular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to argue about the importance of indigenous peoples' right to land as a means of preserving the environment and achieving socio-environmental justice. The problem is to answer whether it is possible to protect indigenous peoples' right to land and in what way; and whether it is a means of realizing socio-environmental justice in the context of environmental preservation. As a hypothesis, it is understood that the guarantee of indigenous land is a means of environmental preservation, since the traditions and cultures of the original peoples help to protect the environment, balance the climate and control deforestation and atmospheric and soil pollution. It therefore becomes a means of realizing socio-environmental justice. The specific objectives of this work are to study the concepts of indigenous lands and socio-environmental justice and Brazilian indigenous legislation; to analyze the intercultural relationship between indigenous culture and the environment; and finally, to demonstrate how the plural, biocentric and ecological culture of indigenous peoples contributes to the preservation of the environment. Using a deductive method, a qualitative bibliographical review and an indirect research technique, with legislative and bibliographical analysis, it is concluded that the relationship between indigenous peoples and the environment and the right to land is an example of the intersection between environmental, social and cultural issues, since respecting and protecting these rights not only contributes to the preservation of biodiversity and ecosystems, but also to the maintenance of cultural and global diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article is to analyze the articulation between neo-extractivist policies and neoindigenist policies in Jujuy, Argentina, between the years 2015 and 2022. Specifically, we study the articulation of the Secretariat of Indigenous Peoples with other spheres of the provincial State and with indigenous communities. We address three cases: the sanction of Law 5915 in 2016, the creation of the Intercultural Police in 2018, and the project to install the Free Zone in Quiaca Vieja (department of Yavi, Puna region) in 2018-2022. We hold as a hypothesis that the indigenist institutionality operates to legitimize the neo-extractivist economic policy that is presented as a renewal of the productive matrix. We return to a qualitative methodology and use documentary review and interviews with key informants as data construction techniques. Our theoretical framework includes critical perspectives on neo-extractivism and neo-indigenism, as well as contributions from Indian-indigenous political thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective/Context: With a modernizing discourse and business partners, former Peruvian president Alan García led the sale of indigenous Amazonian lands to oil companies. The Awajun and Wampis peoples responded, alongside national and international allies, by demanding the application of ILO Convention 169 through various mobilizations known as "el Baguazo" (2007-2009). This study analyzes, from a deliberative perspective, how the visibility of the arguments and cultural representations of indigenous peoples influenced their self-representation in the public sphere. Methodology: Based on the review of journalistic sources, government reports, statements from national and international organizations, and literature on social conflict and indigenous peoples, the chronology and discourses of the conflict were reconstructed. Conclusions: The mobilized indigenous communities self-represented, expressing their demands and cultural identities (cosmogonies, notions of territory, and development), opposing the sale of their lands. In this way, public spaces emerged, breaking into the national imagination, where sectors of the Peruvian citizenship recognized them for the first time. A network of allies reproduced and supported the indigenous arguments, lending them credibility to those who were unfamiliar with them. However, it was a partial advance as it remained limited to the cultural sphere without translating into the political realm, which is evident in the obtained Law of Prior Consultation (2011), which disregarded their sovereignty. Originality: While the literature on socioenvironmental conflicts focuses on actors and strategies, this article emphasizes the arguments of indigenous peoples, their deliberation, dissemination, and power of persuasion in the face of the rest of the Peruvian citizenry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]