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Copyright of Contemporary Accounting Research is the property of Canadian Academic Accounting Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Access to information is crucial to the development of agriculture and communities. However, a lack of access to information about agricultural production may affect farmers’ awareness of new farming practices and their ability to increase yield. Considering this as a potential driver for improving food security in poor regions, this study examined smallholder rice farmers’ information needs and access in the Asunafo North Municipality of Ghana. It focused on the socioeconomic factors affecting information access among smallholder rice farmers. This study used a multistage sampling technique to obtain information from 154 smallholder rice farmers. Descriptive statistics and a probit regression model were used for data analysis. The study revealed that respondents sourced major information from fellow farmers (98%), extension agents (79.2%), and the radio (75.3%). They needed information on high-yielding varieties (98.7%), credit support options (94.8%), market access (85.7%), and disease and pest management (85.1%). The inferential statistics show that gender, household size, farming experience, and household income significantly influenced respondents’ access to rice production information. This study recommends that efforts by policymakers to improve smallholder rice farmers’ productivity should consider social interventions (i.e., encouraging farmer group formation, expanding rural information networks, and strengthening extension capacity) that promote farmers’ information access. Policy implications include identifying and training community members to become information intermediaries to assist farmers in accessing the needed information for rice farming. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by understanding the socioeconomic factors that affect smallholder rice farmers’ access to information. The study further provides insight for agricultural policymakers to enhance smallholder rice farmers’ access to information in Ghana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing the level of the community economy through the livestock sector is increasingly in demand. The livestock sector is experiencing an increase in interest in one of them is goat farming. Not much different from the success factor of increasing the productivity of livestock, the success of goat livestock is also influenced by several factors including genetics, feed, and maintenance management. The role of farmers is necessary to achieve the desired level of productivity success. Breeders in the group Banyuwangi Goat Breeder must be prepared to be a breeder who is aware of the mechanism of raising a good right. Therefore, the education of farmers to be related to the way or technique of raising goats is good and right, goat cultivation management in the form of types of goats, goat reproduction, goat health to the manufacture of complete feed that is right must be understood by farmers. The purpose of this activity is to improve farmers ' understanding of the importance of understanding the basic aspects of breeding including genetic, feed, and maintenance management. In addition to aiming to improve farmers ' understanding of goat breeding techniques, this extension is expected to also be a solution in solving economic and social problems, especially in the field of goat farming, and independently farmers can make complete feed independently. However, the sustainability of coaching is expected to improve the quality of farmers in raising livestock and as a mechanism for evaluating the complete feed until the formation of a commercial and viable complete feed. Feed model as a source of livestock nutrition.

Tout au long de cette étude, il s'agissait d'amener les dirigeants d'entreprises publiques et privées à comprendre l'importance et la particularité de chaque style de leadership et son influence au sein de la gestion des ressources humaines, ainsi que de trouver l'outil efficace adapté à la gestion d'entreprise pour une productivité et une rentabilité garanties. Depuis plusieurs années, l'amélioration de l'efficacité de la gestion et de l'organisation fait l'objet de vives préoccupations. On reconnaît de plus en plus l'importance de la ressource humaine au sein de l'organisation, mais le problème reste toujours le même. Vous devez apprendre à utiliser cette ressource de manière appropriée pour atteindre vos objectifs personnels et organisationnels. Plusieurs méthodes sont mises en évidence dans cette étude. Dans un premier temps, il s'agissait de faire une corrélation entre les variables et une analyse ANOVA. Le coefficient du test ANOVA montre que l'amplitude des relations est significative, c'est-à-dire 0,03 à moins de 5 %. Le sous-ensemble homogène de l'ANOVA montre que la motivation des salariés n'est pas l'objectif principal pour être leader au sein de l'entreprise au-dessus de l'alpha au seuil de 5 %, soit 0,05.

Climate change is having complex impacts on the boreal forest, modulating both tree growth limiting factors and fire regime. However, these aspects are usually projected independently when estimating climate change effect on the boreal forest. Using a combination of three different methods, our goal is to assess the combined impact of changes in growth and fire regime due to climate change on the timber supply at the transitions from closed to open boreal coniferous forests in Québec, Canada. To identify the areas that are likely to be the most sensitive to climate change, we projected climate-induced impacts on growth and fire activity at three different time periods: 2011–2040 RCP 8.5 for low growth change and minimum fire activity, 2071–2100 RCP 4.5 for moderate growth change and medium fire activity, and 2071–2100 RCP 8.5 for high growth change and maximum fire activity. Our study shows the importance of incorporating fire in strategic forest management planning especially in a context of climate change. Under the most extreme scenarios, the negative impact of fire activity on productive area and total volume mostly offsets the positive effects of climate change via improved tree growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Management international / International Management / Gestiòn Internacional is the property of Management International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Accounting Perspectives is the property of Canadian Academic Accounting Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lecturas de Economia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Ciencias Economicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sante Mentale au Quebec is the property of Revue Sante Mentale au Quebec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The breeding of ruminants in developing countries remains dependent on the availability fodder resources. The study carried out along the transhumance corridors of the Tchamba Prefecture in Togo, aims at: (i) assessing the use value, the availability, and pasture management practices; (ii) estimating the productivity and carrying capacity of pasture, and (iii) measuring the pastoral value of rangelands. It was based on the analysis of phytosociological and ecological inventories as well as individual interviews of breeders along the transhumance corridors. The most reported plants by breeders were: Andropogon gayanus Kunth var. tridentatus Hack. (100 %), Panicum maximum Jacq. (96.55%), Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Hutch. & Dalz (79.31%), Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv. (79.31%), and Adansonia digitata L. (72.41%). A total of 109 plant species including 53.33% trees and shrubs were identified. This flora is dominated by microphanerophytes (31.84%), and nanophanerophytes (29.78%). The mean productivity of the pasture is 2227 kg DM/ha allowing a carrying capacity of 0.33 TLU/ha/year. The fodder flora is dominated by species of average pastoral value (55%). The target pastures must be enriched with ligneous and herbaceous fodder plants in order to guarantee better animal feed and limit animals' wandering in the riparian agrarian areas, sources of farmer-herder conflicts. It is also necessary to develop watering areas for the animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anthropologica is the property of CASCA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Regards Sociologiques is the property of Association Regards Sociologiques and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agroalimentaria is the property of Alejandro Antonio Gutierrez Socorro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Financial, Accounting & Managerial Studies is the property of Journal of Financial, Accounting & Managerial Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Higher Education is the property of Canadian Society for the Study of Higher Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities Researches is the property of Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Institute of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We carried out the research in 2020–2021 in Western Kazakhstan on medium-loamy dark chestnut soils. The purpose of the research is to identify changes in physico-chemical, biological parameters of soil cover, productivity, and quality of safflower (Carthamus tincforius L.) under the influence of different technologies of agrarian landscape shaping, for rational management of organic agrocenoses. The field experiments showed that in the conditions of Western Kazakhstan, the use of the biologized technology of organic farming increases the yield of safflower in comparison with the traditional technology by 26.66–35.38%, with a high oil content of 30.0–39.95%. The phytoameliorative role of safflower in improving agrophysical, agrochemical, and biological parameters of dark chestnut soils is proved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of BSGF: Earth Sciences Bulletin is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Agricultural & Resource Economics is the property of African Association of Agricultural Economists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Les opérations de la formation des mots dans la grammaire slovène traditionnelle sont analysées dans l’approche morphologique morphématique. Dans le cadre de la composition des noms et des adjectifs, Toporišič (2000 : 194-195, 200-201) énumère les préfixes suivants d’origine gréco-latine : a, ante, anti, eks, ekstra, hiper, hipo, infra, inter, intra, ko, kontra, meta, sin, sub, super, supra, trans, ultra. Dans le cadre de la morphologie contructionnelle, l’unité de base est le lexème. Dans cet article, l’analyse de leur fréquence en tant que mots d’emprunt et de leur productivité est faite dans le cadre de la morphologie constructionnelle au sein des données du corpus FidaPlus entre 2004 et 2006, ainsi que du corpus Gigafida2.0. La recherche, menée entre 2004 et 2006, a révélé un seul préfixe productif, anti, tandis que récemment, les préfixes, pouvant fonctionner comme productifs, sont kontra, eks, ekstra, et super, employés aussi bien avec les bases d’emprunt qu’avec les lexèmes slovènes sous forme de néologismes. Les bases slovènes sont soit les noms propres (antijanša, kontrajelinčič) ou les adjectifs et noms composés avec le lexème d'origine slovène (ekstralahek, ekspolicaj), la productivité est visible aussi dans les oppositions des préfixes du type hipo- in hiperbarična terapija (thérapie hypo- et hyperbare). Pour les autres préfixes, on peut constater que leur composition en slovène n’est qu’apparente et que ces mots composés peuvent être qualifiés d’emprunts. Tout de même, à la base des deux analyses du corpus distantes de plus de dix ans, on constate la croissance de la productivité des préfixes. Si, dans la première analyse, la productivité n'était confirmée que pour anti, l'analyse contemporaine démontre la productivité, au moins partielle, des préfixes kontra, eks, ekstra, et super. Les mots qui apparaissaient comme néologismes font aujourd'hui partie du vocabulaire de tous les jours.

Copyright of Études Caribéennes is the property of Etudes Caribeennes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the absence of high-performance seeds capable of ensuring the installation of highly productive plantations, vegetative propagation of cashew seedlings remains a viable alternative for obtaining homogeneous plantations with productivity in Benin. For this reason, two grafting methods namely; terminal slot and in grafted seedlings are more used by nursery operators for the production of grafted seedlings. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of these techniques and the origin of the graft on growth and grafting ability of rootstocks in the dry period in Benin. The study was conducted at the National University Agriculture of Benin during August 2020 to February 2021. The rootstocks used were produced from certified seeds from the Agricultural Research Center in Benin. Treatments included the grafting technique with two variants (grafting by veneer and terminal slot grafting), and the origin of the graft with three variants (Adakplamè graft, Sodji graft and Agozounmè graft). Plants were sprayed with Topbio to control defoliating insects during the experiments. The results revealed that the origin of the graft had a significant influence (P<0,05) on the survival and height growth of grafted plants, but had no significant effect on the recovery and the diameter growth of these plants. On the other hand, the grafting technique had a significant effect (P<0,005) on the recovery and survival of the grafted plants, as well as on the height and diameter growth of these plants. A recovery rate of 64.18 and 52.92% was observed, respectively, for the grafting by veneer and the grafting in terminal slot. One month after grafting, only 44.81 and 34.65% of the plants survived, respectively for the grafting by veneer and terminal slot grafting. With regard to the growth of the grafted plants, an average increase of 7.01 cm in height and 1.15 mm in diameter for the veneer grafting against 9.18 cm in height and 1.55 mm in diameter for the terminal slit grafting was observed. These results stipulate that grafting by veneer is more appropriate in the dry season to have a good success rate; while grafting in terminal slot is better for rapid growth in height and diameter of the grafted plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Recherches en Sciences de Gestion is the property of ISEOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Innovar: Revista de Ciencias Administrativas y Sociales is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

À partir de la lecture de Martín Kohan sur la construction des récits guerriers dans l’histoire argentine, cet article étudie les fictions argentines du XXe siècle qui imaginent des guerres futures. On établit une distinction entre les textes fictionnels de la première moitié du siècle dans lesquels la guerre apparaît davantage liée à une construction discursive et ceux qui surgissent dans les années soixante et qui soulignent la fonction du corps, des armes et de la productivité propres aux guerres.

The operations of word formation in traditional Slovenian grammar are analysed within the framework of morphematic word formation model. As part of the composition of nouns and adjectives, Toporišič (2000: 194-195, 200-201) lists the following loan prefixes: a, ante, anti, eks, ekstra, hiper, hipo, infra, inter, intra, ko, kontra, meta, sin, sub, super, supra, trans, ultra. Within the lexemic word formation, the unity is a lexeme. In the paper, the operations of word formation are analysed within the theory of lexemic word formation, particularly with regard to their productivity, based on the data of the monolingual corpus FidaPlus between 2004 and 2006 and Gigafida2.0. The research, carried out between 2004 and 2006 revealed only one productive prefix, anti, whereas recent research showed that in addition to anti, the prefixes kontra, eks, ekstra, and super can function as productive, used with both foreign lexemes and with authentic bases as neologisms. The domestic bases can be proper names (antijanša, kontrajelinčič) or composed adjectives and nouns with original Slovene base (ekstralahek, ekspolicaj), and the productivity of the prefixes can be seen also in oppositions like hipo-in hiperbarična terapija (hypo- and hyperbaric therapy). For all other prefixes, the research points out that their composition in Slovene is more or less a matter of appearance and that they should be dealt as loan words. The two analyses, that have more than ten years between them, show that we can see the growing productivity of the prefixes. If in the first analysis only anti has shown productivity, the second analysis points out that kontra, eks, ekstra, super are also productive. The words that first appeared as neologisms are now a part of everyday language use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out in the groundnut basin of Senegal, which is characterized by a cereal/legume rotation system in rainfed agriculture. It aimed to analyze the impact of equipment used on farms on crop yields. The methodology used is based on producer surveys and econometric analyses of the log-linear type. The results revealed an under-equipment of farms in the rainfed system. The current level of farm mechanization has a positive effect on land productivity, but yield increases are small and insignificant for groundnuts, millet and especially maize. The study showed that the current level of equipment on farms, even when doubled, does not conducive a significant increase in yields per hectare of the different crops in the groundnut basin. This study reinforces the argument that the optimization of farm equipment on farms plays a determining role in the expression of yield and ultimately in agricultural productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La question de l’aménagement n’est pas nouvelle. Au moment même où F.W. Taylor a commencé à parler de division des taches, le problème de l’aménagement était déjà d’un grand intérêt. Le but de toute entreprise moderne est d’atteindre les objectifs fixés. Il faut s’assurer d’utiliser les ressources aussi efficacement que possible, et il importe que les travailleurs soient motivés dans l’accomplissement de leurs taches. Ce présent article présente une analyse d’aménagement et de rendement ainsi qu’une proposition d’amélioration de productivité d’une entreprise qui travaille dans le secteur de textile. Pour se faire, on a défini l’importance de la notion de la productivité et son rôle influant sur la compétence des entreprises ainsi que la relation étroite entre amélioration de productivité et amélioration du rendement. Ensuite, on a défini les procédures d’amélioration à travers les différents facteurs influents sur le rendement et les moyens d’améliorations. Finalement, une étude pratique concerne une chaîne à faible rendement a été présentée ainsi que l’approche détaillée appliqué afin d’aboutir à une amélioration de la productivité.

Every firm aims to be successful. In order to carry on, we adopted a descriptive and analytical approach based on two levels. The first one concerns the theoretical approach of the main performance elements and its indicators in the form of ratios. The second one takes two examples of Algerian companies from our region in Béchar: the Sonelgaz group and the Air Algeria company by presenting broad trends in the analysis of general performance indicators to provide an operational framework for our work in survey firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Financial, Accounting & Managerial Studies is the property of Journal of Financial, Accounting & Managerial Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Les caprins constituent au Togo la seconde espèce d’élevage après les volailles en terme d’effectif. La disponibilité de sa viande reste pourtant rare. L’Etat togolais, à travers des projets de développement, a initié la recapitalisation du cheptel national d’animaux à cycle court. L’objectif de l’étude était la connaissance des faiblesses des pratiques d’élevage des caprins au Togo en vue de proposer des axes de recherche pour son amélioration et son développement. Des enquêtes ont été menées auprès de 129 chefs de ménages des deux sexes. Les éleveurs étaient des paysans, des salariés ou des retraités. Les enquêtes ont couvert l’ensemble du pays, prenant en compte sa diversité pluviométrique et végétale. Des données sur les pratiques d’élevage, les soins vétérinaires, les maladies et les autres contraintes ont été recueillies. Les résultats ont montré que 69 % des éleveurs étaient instruits, 91 % étaient mariés, et 26 % des propriétaires étaient des femmes. La main d’œuvre familiale jouait un rôle important. Les activités liées à l’élevage étaient confiées aux femmes et aux enfants. La taille moyenne du cheptel par ménage était de 18 caprins. Les chèvres adultes constituaient 44 % de l’effectif contre 2 % de mâles adultes entiers. Le taux de productivité au sevrage était de 0,54 chevreau par mère. Les animaux disposaient d’un abri ; dans 85 % des élevages, ils recevaient périodiquement une complémentation alimentaire et dans 27 % d’entre eux un complément minéral à base de sel de cuisine. Les soins vétérinaires ont été observés dans 64 % des élevages. Cette étude a permis de révéler quelques faiblesses relatives aux soins vétérinaires, à l’utilisation de géniteurs améliorés et à la disponibilité d’abris. Des formations sur les itinéraires techniques de l’élevage des caprins sont nécessaires pour améliorer leurs performances.

Deux principaux systèmes d’élevage bovin cohabitent dans le bassin de la Donga au nord du Bénin : l’élevage semi-sédentaire et l’élevage mobile. Ce bassin, situé dans la zone agroécologique subhumide de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, a subi ces dernières décennies deux changements majeurs : a) une augmentation des besoins en produits animaux et b) l’expansion des terres cultivées qui entraîne une diminution de l’accès aux ressources fourragères et à l’eau, une plus grande mobilité des troupeaux, et des conflits plus fréquents entre cultivateurs et éleveurs mobiles. Face à ces contraintes, les pouvoirs publics privilégient la sédentarisation des éleveurs mobiles. L’élevage mobile étant pourvoyeur de jeunes animaux aux élevages semi-sédentaires, la dynamique de sédentarisation crée une incertitude quant à l’approvisionnement de la région en bétail bovin et en viande par un élevage semi-sédentaire qui deviendrait largement majoritaire. Pour appréhender la question de besoins croissants en produits animaux, la production de bétail a été simulée afin d’évaluer l’effet d’une incitation des pouvoirs publics à la sédentarisation des éleveurs mobiles. Les productivités numérique et en viande ont été simulées sous différentes hypothèses d’amélioration des performances zootechniques des élevages semi-sédentaires. L’ensemble des scénarios ont été construits à partir de l’hypothèse de l’augmentation du cheptel semi-sédentaire directement liée à la sédentarisation d’une partie des éleveurs mobiles. Une simulation obtenue à l’aide du modèle de projection démographique Dynmod suggère que la sédentarisation des éleveurs mobiles romprait la complémentarité locale entre les systèmes d’élevage et conduirait à une perte de production de viande. En outre, aucun des scénarios d’amélioration explorés ne suffirait à compenser la perte de production de viande résultant de la politique de sédentarisation. Pour maintenir la production de viande bovine par les éleveurs semi-sédentaires il faudrait développer les liens commerciaux régionaux avec les élevages des pays sahéliens.

Copyright of Larhyss Journal is the property of Biskra University, Research Laboratory in Subterranean & Surface Hydraulics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Recent evidence for the United States suggests that recessions play a crucial role in promoting automation and the reallocation of productive resources, which in turn increase aggregate productivity and lead to a higher standard of living. I present evidence suggesting that the same is true in Canada. In particular, since the beginning of the information and communications technology revolution, all of the decline in routine job employment occurred during the subsequent three recessions. A similar dynamic is likely to operate during the COVID crisis, and in fact is likely to be more pronounced due to the scale of the recession and the health-related incentives to automate. By constructing industry-level measures of worker exposure to COVID and the fraction of routine employment, I show that the retail, construction, manufacturing, wholesale, and transportation industries are likely to experience the biggest transformations. In these industries, government attempts to maintain the status quo will only delay the process of restructuring. Instead, policies should embrace change and support workers through the transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optimizing breeding phenology, an important aspect of fitness, is complex for migratory species as they must make key timing decisions early, and remotely, from breeding sites. We examined the role of weather (locally and cross-seasonally), cavity availability, and competitive exclusion in determining among-year variation in breeding phenology over 17 yr for 2 migratory, cavity-nesting birds: Mountain Bluebirds (Sialia currucoides; n = 462 nests) and Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor; n = 572) using natural tree cavities in British Columbia, Canada. We assessed weather effects within the winter and migratory range and at our study sites. We quantified competition as the proportion of cavities occupied by European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) (for both species) and Mountain Bluebirds (for Tree Swallow only) in each year. For 229 bluebird and 177 swallow nests with known fates, we tested whether late years resulted in reduced productivity. Although the effects were small, heavy rainfall and strong diurnal westerly winds during migration were associated with breeding delays for Mountain Bluebirds. However, cavity availability (earlier breeding with increases) had a 5–8 × greater effect on timing than migratory conditions. There was no evidence that starling competition delayed bluebirds. In Tree Swallows, greater local daily rainfall was associated with delayed breeding, as was starling abundance (the effect of starlings was 1.4 × smaller than that of rainfall). Neither bluebird abundance nor cavity availability changed swallow phenology. Neither species showed reduced productivity in late breeding years. In both species, individuals that bred late relative to conspecifics within-year had smaller clutches and greater probability of nest failure. We conclude that breeding ground conditions, particularly cavity limitation and local rainfall (for swallows), are important drivers of breeding phenology for our focal species, but that the productivity cost of late years, at least for Tree Swallows, is minimal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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