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Présentation par M. Duclos, en l'absence de Cécile Berri; Improving meat quality inpoultry : How nutrition can help?. 21. ESPN DSM Satellite Symposium: “Emerging challenges in poultry nutrition: from breeders to broilers"

Organisateur de la Journée "Volailles d'hier et d'aujourd'hui" dont le programme est en PJ. L'ensemble des vidéos est en ligne en suivant le lien ci-dessous :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mdCuBlVLmkU&list=PLkSAwo_Pgz6e-hxKsPlSlyPmZdxIfw8Tyet le programme à l'adressehttp://alimentation.univ-tours.fr/journee-d-etude-volailles-d-hier-et-d-aujourd-hui--565063.kjsp?RH=1345710910980; Diversité des produits et des modes de production de volailles de chair. Quels enjeux pour la recherche ?. Journée "Volailles d'hier et d'aujourd'hui"

The objective of this research was to evaluate the internal thermal environment of two broiler barns featuring different ventilation systems representative of Brazilian and South American poultry production industry: (a) a negative-pressure tunnel and (b) a positive-pressure lateral ventilation system. Environmental parameters such as dry bulb temperature, relative humidity and temperature-humidity index were assessed; temperature maps for day and night average conditions were determined for the first three weeks of life. Better uniformity of the thermal environment and comfort conditions inside the negative-pressure tunnel were found. RESUMO Objetivou-se, nesta pesquisa, avaliar o ambiente térmico interno de dois galpões de frangos de corte com diferentes sistemas de ventilação representativos da indústria de produção de aves de corte brasileira e sul-americana: (a) um com pressão negativa tipo túnel e (b) outro com ventilação lateral e pressão positiva. Parâmetros ambientais do conforto térmico, tais como temperatura de bulbo seco, umidade relativa e índice de temperatura e umidade, foram avaliados; mapas de temperaturas médias para as condições de dia e noite foram determinadas nas três primeiras semanas de vida das aves. Melhor uniformidade ambiental e condições de conforto térmico no interior do galpão com pressão negativa foram observadas.

International audience; Background: Newcastle disease is still a serious disease of poultry especially in backyard free-range production systems despite the availability of cross protective vaccines. Healthy-looking poultry from live bird markets have been suspected as a major source of disease spread although limited studies have been conducted to ascertain the presence of the virulent strains in the markets and to understand how they are related to outbreak strains. Methods: This study evaluated the occurrence of Newcastle disease virus in samples collected from poultry in live bird markets across Uganda. The isolates were pathoyped using standard methods (mean death time (MDT), intracelebral pathogenicity index (ICPI), and sequencing of the fusion protein cleavage site motif) and also phylogenetically analysed after sequencing of the full fusion and hemagglutin-neuraminidase genes. The isolates were classified into genotypes and subgenotypes based on the full fusion protein gene classification system and compared with other strains in the region and world-wide. Results: Virulent avian paramyxovirus type I (APMV-1) (Newcastle disease virus) was isolated in healthy-looking poultry in live bird markets. The viruses belonged to a new subgenotype, Vd, in genotype V, and clustered together with Tanzania and Kenya strains. They harbored low genetic diversity. Conclusion: The occurrence of virulent AMPV-1 strains in live bird markets may serve as sources of Newcastle disease outbreaks in non-commercial farms.

National audience; As metabolism end-products, volatile organic compound (VOC) composition of tissues and fluids may vary according to the physiological status of the animal which in turn is conditioned by the conditions of production. The aim of this work was to study in poultry the feasibility of the detection of previous animal exposure to pollutants, particularly through feeding. A target organ tissue was analysed to identify VOCs which are generally produced by animal metabolism in response to pollutant exposure and thus constitute a potential metabolomic signature of this exposure. To test this hypothesis, 6 groups of 10 chickens fed a similar feed either non contaminated or contaminated with one of five pollutants commonly found in poultry production chains (PCDD/Fs, PCBs, PBDEs, PAHs and coccidiostats). The liver of each animal was analysed by SPME-GC-MS for VOCs and by HRMS and LC-MS-MS for pollutants. The results show that VOC metabolic signatures could discriminate the non contaminated chickens from the chickens contaminated with PBDEs, PAHs or coccidiostats. The contaminated and not contaminated chickens could not be discriminated as efficiently for PCDD/Fs and PCBs. These results are discussed in view of the actual levels of the pollutants found in the liver by the reference analytical techniques. In the context of the regulatory control of the meat product safety, the metabolomic signatures obtained by VOC analysis could be used to screen and to select the most relevant pollutants to be quantified by reference analytical methods.

The genetic basis and dominance relationships of the Naked Neck gene and its geographical distribution in local populations are described. The associated effects found on growth performance, feed e...

Organisateur de la Journée "Volailles d'hier et d'aujourd'hui" dont le programme est en PJ. L'ensemble des vidéos est en ligne en suivant le lien ci-dessous :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mdCuBlVLmkU&list=PLkSAwo_Pgz6e-hxKsPlSlyPmZdxIfw8Tyet le programme à l'adressehttp://alimentation.univ-tours.fr/journee-d-etude-volailles-d-hier-et-d-aujourd-hui--565063.kjsp?RH=1345710910980; Diversité des produits et des modes de production de volailles de chair. Quels enjeux pour la recherche ?. Journée "Volailles d'hier et d'aujourd'hui"