10 results on '"practice epistemology"'
Search Results
2. A Posthumanist Epistemology of Practice
- Author
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Gherardi, Silvia, Schoeneborn, Dennis, Section editor, Reihlen, Markus, Section editor, Neesham, Cristina, editor, Reihlen, Markus, editor, and Schoeneborn, Dennis, editor
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Academic Knowledge Production: Framework of Practical Activity in the Context of Transformative Food Studies
- Author
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Galina Kallio and Eeva Houtbeckers
- Subjects
knowledge production ,academic practice ,research methods ,reflection ,practice epistemology ,practice theory ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 - Abstract
We have seen an emergence of transformative food studies as part of sustainability transitions. While some scholars have successfully opened up their experiences of pursuing transformation through scholar-activism, assumptions underlying researchers' choices and how scholars orient to and go about their work often remain implicit. In this article, we bring forth a practice theoretical understanding of knowledge production and advocate that researchers turn to examining their own research practice. We ask how to make our own academic knowledge production/research practice more explicit, and why it is important to do so in the context of transformative food studies. To help scholars to reflect on their own research practice, we mobilize the framework of practical activity (FPA). We draw on our own experiences in academia and use our ethnographic studies on self-reliant food production and procurement to illustrate academic knowledge production. Thus, this article provides conceptual and methodological tools for reflection on academic research practice and knowledge production. We argue that it is important for researchers to turn to and improve their own academic practice because it advances academic knowledge production in the domain of transformative food studies and beyond. While we position ourselves within the qualitative research tradition, we believe that the insights of this article can be applied more broadly in different research fields and across various methodological approaches.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Intra-Representational Practice : An Inquiry into the Conditions for the Possibility of Interdisciplinary Imaginative Collaborative Architectural Modeling in Sustainable Urban Design
- Author
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Sällström, Pehr-Mikael and Sällström, Pehr-Mikael
- Abstract
A consequence of the concern for a sustainable future is that the number of experts needed to be included in the imaginative stage of architectural modeling is rising. This motivates a better understanding of the conditions for the possibility of transgressive collaborative plural imagination in architectural modeling. This dissertation is an argument for the thesis that the intermediation enacted by the materiality of the architectural representation of a project constitutes an underestimated condition for the possibility of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary collaborative architectural modeling in complex projects. The thesis frame this as a process of mutual intermodal metaphorizing of a superimposed aggregate of ontologically incommensurable intra-representations projected on the situation by participants belonging to different practices. If the process of projective modeling is understood as mutual iterative appropriations of the aggregate that result in a sufficient set of shared material, discursive and experiential referents, the collaborative aspect of the modeling can be better understood. The thesis is grounded on a critical discussion of the ontological assumptions embedded in five previous practice theory discourses: Logical inferencing from first principles, Representation of the imaginary, Materialization of discourse, Performative materiality, and Intermediation of practices. To discloses those embodied biases those practice theory discourses are diffracted through a sustainable urban design project for a housing district. The hypothesis resulting from the critique is tested as a theorizing in the making with a practice experiment with plural imaginations for housing innovation with sharing of resources. The conclusion is that the understanding of collaborative modeling as a mutual process of intermodal metaphorizing intermediated by the architectural intra-representation can guide practice to become more transgressive., Denna avhandling behandlar frågan om hur samarbete mellan olika aktörer och discipliner i projekt inom stadsbyggnad kan förstås på ett sätt som även möjliggör ett gemensamt kreativt skapande som inte bara bygger på experters reaktion på arkitekters idéer. Avhandlingens tes är att om de olika aktörernas bidrag till den gemensamma modelleringen av projektet förstås som inkommensurabla intra-representationer blir det lättare att hålla ett pragmatiskt fokus på de referenter där aktörernas förståelse sammanfaller. Dessa kan då bilda utgångspunkt för en idé som växer fram ur flera överlagrade intra-representationer av en projektsituation utan att lösa alla inneboende motsägelser i de olika tolkningarna. Tesen utgår från en kritisk diskussion av diskursen om modellering av projekt inom arkitektur och stadsbyggnad. Med modell avses i avhandlingen alla typer av representationer som används för att på ett förenklat sätt planera för en byggnad eller bebyggelse. Tesen byggs upp utifrån en kritisk diskussion av i huvudsak fem inriktningar inom arkitekturdiskursen om modellering: som logisk slutledning, representation av en föreställning, materialisering av en diskurs, performativ materialitet eller intermediering av praktiker. För att konkretisera diskussionen utgår varje undersökning från en situering av en eller eller några huvudsakliga teorier som representerar varje deldiskurs i en plan för stadsbyggnad i Lomma hamn från 2003. Undersökningen av logisk slutledning utgår från Nigel Cross teori om design som logisk härledning från en prioriterad princip (Cross 2006). För undersökningen av representation av det föreställda använder jag mig av Roben Evans (1995) teori om det projektiva utkastet [Projective Cast] och Björn Linns (1998) teori om projektering. Undersökningen av materialisering av diskurs utgår från en kritisk diskussion av Steven Moores (2007) teori om arkitekturmodellering som ett offentligt samtal eller konversation, snarare än en formell diskurs. För undersökni, QC 20231110
- Published
- 2023
5. Knowing in general dental practice: Anticipation, constraint, and collective bricolage.
- Author
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Hurst, Dominic and Greenhalgh, Trish
- Subjects
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DENTISTRY & psychology , *DENTIST-patient relationship , *INTERPERSONAL relations , *THEORY of knowledge , *MEDICAL practice , *NURSE-physician relationships , *PROBLEM solving , *VIDEO recording , *THEORY-practice relationship - Abstract
Rationale, aims, and objectives: Much of the literature concerned with health care practice tends to focus on a decision‐making model in which knowledge sits within the minds and bodies of health care workers. Practice theories de‐centre knowledge from human actors, instead situating knowing in the interactions between all human and non‐human actors. The purpose of this study was to explore how practice arises in the moment‐to‐moment interactions between general dental practitioners (GDPs), patients, nurses, and things. Method: Eight GDPs in two dental practices, their respective nurses, 23 patients, and material things were video‐recorded as they interacted within clinical encounters. Videos were analysed using a performative approach. Several analytic methods were used: coding of interactions in‐video; pencil drawings with transcripts; and dynamic transcription. These were used pragmatically and in combination. Detailed reflective notes were recorded at all stages of the analysis, and, as new insights developed, theory was sought to help inform these. Results: We theorized that knowing in dental practice arises as actors translate embodied knowing through sayings and doings that anticipate but cannot predict responses, that knowing is constrained by the interactions of the practice but that the interactions at the same time are a collective bricolage—using the actors' respective embodied knowing to generate and solve problems together. Conclusion: Practices are ongoing ecological accomplishments to which people and things skilfully contribute through translation of their respective embodied knowing of multiple practices. Based on this, we argue that practices are more likely to improve if people and things embody practices of improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Academic Knowledge Production : Framework of Practical Activity in the Context of Transformative Food Studies
- Author
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Kallio, Galina, Houtbeckers, Eeva, Ruralia Institute, Mikkeli, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Department of Design, Sustainability in Business, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
- Subjects
academic practice ,Global and Planetary Change ,REFLECTION ,US ,Ecology ,lcsh:TP368-456 ,LOCAL FOOD ,knowledge production ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,Horticulture ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,practice epistemology ,WORKING ,NETWORKS ,lcsh:Food processing and manufacture ,MOVEMENT ,research methods ,JUSTICE ,416 Food Science ,food economy ,transformative food studies ,practice theory ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Food Science - Abstract
We have seen an emergence of transformative food studies as part of sustainability transitions. While some scholars have successfully opened up their experiences of pursuing transformation through scholar-activism, assumptions underlying researchers' choices and how scholars orient to and go about their work often remain implicit. In this article, we bring forth a practice theoretical understanding of knowledge production and advocate that researchers turn to examining their own research practice. We ask how to make our own academic knowledge production/research practice more explicit, and why it is important to do so in the context of transformative food studies. To help scholars to reflect on their own research practice, we mobilize the framework of practical activity (FPA). We draw on our own experiences in academia and use our ethnographic studies on self-reliant food production and procurement to illustrate academic knowledge production. Thus, this article provides conceptual and methodological tools for reflection on academic research practice and knowledge production. We argue that it is important for researchers to turn to and improve their own academic practice because it advances academic knowledge production in the domain of transformative food studies and beyond. While we position ourselves within the qualitative research tradition, we believe that the insights of this article can be applied more broadly in different research fields and across various methodological approaches.
- Published
- 2020
7. Knowing in general dental practice: Anticipation, constraint, and collective bricolage
- Author
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Hurst, D and Greenhalgh, T
- Subjects
Male ,knowledge ,Clinical Decision-Making ,Dentists ,Video Recording ,Ecological and Environmental Phenomena ,Performative utterance ,Dental Assistants ,video ,Bricolage ,03 medical and health sciences ,Transcription (linguistics) ,Health care ,Humans ,Interpersonal Relations ,Constraint (mathematics) ,Problem Solving ,Practice Patterns, Dentists' ,Original Paper ,Practice theory ,business.industry ,030503 health policy & services ,Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,practice epistemology ,Knowledge Discovery ,Quality Improvement ,general dental practice ,Epistemology ,sociomateriality ,Embodied cognition ,Anticipation (artificial intelligence) ,General Practice, Dental ,Female ,practice theory ,Patient Participation ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,business ,Decision Making, Shared - Abstract
© 2018 The Authors Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Rationale, aims, and objectives: Much of the literature concerned with health care practice tends to focus on a decision-making model in which knowledge sits within the minds and bodies of health care workers. Practice theories de-centre knowledge from human actors, instead situating knowing in the interactions between all human and non-human actors. The purpose of this study was to explore how practice arises in the moment-to-moment interactions between general dental practitioners (GDPs), patients, nurses, and things. Method: Eight GDPs in two dental practices, their respective nurses, 23 patients, and material things were video-recorded as they interacted within clinical encounters. Videos were analysed using a performative approach. Several analytic methods were used: coding of interactions in-video; pencil drawings with transcripts; and dynamic transcription. These were used pragmatically and in combination. Detailed reflective notes were recorded at all stages of the analysis, and, as new insights developed, theory was sought to help inform these. Results: We theorized that knowing in dental practice arises as actors translate embodied knowing through sayings and doings that anticipate but cannot predict responses, that knowing is constrained by the interactions of the practice but that the interactions at the same time are a collective bricolage—using the actors' respective embodied knowing to generate and solve problems together. Conclusion: Practices are ongoing ecological accomplishments to which people and things skilfully contribute through translation of their respective embodied knowing of multiple practices. Based on this, we argue that practices are more likely to improve if people and things embody practices of improvement.
- Published
- 2018
8. Ambiguity at the heart of design work : Sensing and negotiating ambiguity in knowledge-creation work
- Author
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Linse, Charlotta and Linse, Charlotta
- Abstract
Ambiguities have long intrigued design and new product development (NPD) researchers: The fascination seems rooted in an endeavor to understand how design outcomes may be created despite the ambiguous nature of such work. There are several classic contributions on how to categorize, avoid and approach ambiguities. Some of the newer theories have also pointed to benefits arising from temporarily sustaining ambiguity. Little research has considered how ambiguities emerge, how ambiguities are sensed by practitioners, and the actions the practitioners take, either to harness or to reduce the generative and transformative power of ambiguity, however. This is unfortunate, since ambiguities are at the heart of such knowing-work. If one does not know how to sense the emergence of ambiguities and act to reduce or harness their generative and transformative power, i.e. negotiate ambiguity, the work might become unproductive, confused, uncreative, and might require more energy and attention. The purpose of this research is to portray how ambiguities emerge and are negotiated in knowing-work. This is achieved by drawing on two cases of design and NPD work, from practice epistemology. The results indicated that the emerging ambiguities changed in the ongoing work, some being reduced, others becoming obsolete or persisting. The results also included five generalized actions to negotiate ambiguity: (1) constructing points of references, (2) mediating between perspectives, (3) anchoring in expertise, (4) disarming future resistance, and (5) creating shared visions. This research has concluded that the very essence of design work concerns the emergence and fading away of ambiguity. The actions taken to negotiate ambiguity mediates the emergence of the design outcome. This research makes two contributions: first, it illustrates how ambiguities open up design work by creating a space for action; second, it illustrates how actions to negotiate ambiguity maneuver in this space for actio, Den typ av arbete som tar sig an utvecklandet av nya produkter och tjänster omges ofta av oklarhet kring vad som skall skapas, hur den framtida marknaden ser ut samt vilka utmaningar som kommer att framträda under arbetets gång. Sådana oklarheter har studerats i design- och produktutvecklingsforskning, ofta under antagandet att oklarheterna bör undvikas och minimeras. Dock finns det även nyare forskning som pekar mot att oklarheter kan vara fördelaktiga i arbetet. Forskningen är dock begränsad vad gäller hur oklarheterna framträder i arbetet, hur praktiker förnimmer dessa oklarheter, samt hur en kan ta sig an dessa oklara situationer för att söka reducera eller dra nytta av potentialen i oklara situationer. Detta är olyckligt, då oklarhet ligger i skapandearbetets kärna. En sådan begränsad kunskapsbildning leder till förenklade antaganden kring oklarhetens roll i design- och produktutvecklingsarbete. Därtill får det rent praktiska konsekvenser då designkonsulternas praktik och yrkeskunnande delvis är höljd i dunkel, genom att deras förmåga att förnimma och förhandla oklarhet tidigare förbisetts. Syftet med denna forskning är således att studera hur oklarheter framträder samt förhandlas i skapandearbete, genom att stödja sig på empiriska studier av arbetet i två designkonsultföretag, utifrån ett praktikperspektiv. Resultaten visar både att oklarheter uppkommer och försvinner kontinuerligt i arbetet, samt beskriver fem förhandlingsaktiviteter: (1) skapa referenspunkter; (2) medla mellan perspektiv; (3) förankra i expertis; (4) avväpna framtida motstånd; och (5) skapa gemensamma visioner. Slutsatserna visar på att oklarheter skapar tolkningsutrymme i arbetet: i tvetydighetens många tolkningar öppnas ett utrymme för skapande och möjlighet till omtolkning. Därtill framkommer att förhandlingsaktiviteterna manövrerar i detta tolkningsutrymme, genom att nyttja eller minska oklarhetens många tolkningar., QC 20170508
- Published
- 2017
9. A Study in Didaktik of the Knowledge Content of Biology at the University : With the Gene Concept as an Example
- Author
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Flodin, Veronica S.
- Subjects
discipline-based education research ,biology ,higher education ,tertiary education ,Didactics ,Wartofsky ,science education ,knowing ,practice epistemology ,Didaktik ,gene concept ,Hirst - Abstract
This thesis is about knowing in biology in higher education and research. The gene concept is used as an example of knowledge content that is common to both biological research and education. The purpose is to study how knowing about the gene is expressed in different forms of knowledge contexts at the university. This is important to study in order to understand documented learning problems regarding the gene concept but also to better understand the relation between knowledge in research and teaching. Knowledge has to be transformed to become an educational content, a process that is of special interest within the field of Didaktik. The thesis is based on three qualitative case studies. Study I is an analysis of a textbook in biology. The purpose is to examine the content as presented to the students to see how its structure may contribute to the problems students have. How does the gene concept function as a scientific representation and at the same time as an object for learning in a biology college textbook? A phenomenographic approach is used to study implicit variation in gene concept use when the textbook treats different sub disciplines. The results show conceptual differences between them. The different categories of the gene found–as a trait, an information structure, an actor in the cell, a regulator in embryonic development or as a marker for evolutionary change–mean that we deal with different phenomena. The gene as an object is ascribed different functions and furthermore these functions are intermingled in the textbook. Since, in the textbook, these conceptual differences are not articulated, they likely are a source of confusion when learning about genes. Study II examines the gene concept use in a scientific context, as exemplified by five research articles from a scientific journal. Using an adaptation of Hirst’s criteria for forms of knowledge, the study characterizes how the scientific contexts for the gene concept use vary. What kinds of different gene concept use in these contexts can be discerned? When comparing the articles, it becomes evident that the gene concept is used to answer different kinds of questions. The meanings of the gene concept are connected to various knowledge projects, their purposes and the methods used. Shifts of methodologies and questions entail a concept that escapes single definitions and “slides around” in meanings. These contextual transformations and associated content leaps are here referred to as epistemic drift. Study III follows an integrative research project in biology. What are the characteristic content conditions for knowledge development? What different ways in using the gene concept can be distinguished? By using the analytic methodology developed in study II, the scientific contexts are categorized according to their knowledge project, methods used and conceptual contexts. The results show that the gene concept meanings and the content vary in focus, are more or less explicitly formulated, or possible to formulate, and consist of different skills. One didactic conclusion is that by being more overt about the conditions for problem solving within a specific subdisciplin (i.e. fruitful questions to ask, knowledge needed to answer them, and methods available), students may be given opportunities to get a broader perspective on what it means to know biology. At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript.
- Published
- 2015
10. En didaktisk studie av kunskapsinnehåll i biologi på universitetet : Med genbegreppet som exempel
- Author
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Flodin, Veronica S. and Flodin, Veronica S.
- Abstract
This thesis is about knowing in biology in higher education and research. The gene concept is used as an example of knowledge content that is common to both biological research and education. The purpose is to study how knowing about the gene is expressed in different forms of knowledge contexts at the university. This is important to study in order to understand documented learning problems regarding the gene concept but also to better understand the relation between knowledge in research and teaching. Knowledge has to be transformed to become an educational content, a process that is of special interest within the field of Didaktik. The thesis is based on three qualitative case studies. Study I is an analysis of a textbook in biology. The purpose is to examine the content as presented to the students to see how its structure may contribute to the problems students have. How does the gene concept function as a scientific representation and at the same time as an object for learning in a biology college textbook? A phenomenographic approach is used to study implicit variation in gene concept use when the textbook treats different sub disciplines. The results show conceptual differences between them. The different categories of the gene found–as a trait, an information structure, an actor in the cell, a regulator in embryonic development or as a marker for evolutionary change–mean that we deal with different phenomena. The gene as an object is ascribed different functions and furthermore these functions are intermingled in the textbook. Since, in the textbook, these conceptual differences are not articulated, they likely are a source of confusion when learning about genes. Study II examines the gene concept use in a scientific context, as exemplified by five research articles from a scientific journal. Using an adaptation of Hirst’s criteria for forms of knowledge, the study characterizes how the scientific contexts for the gene concept use vary. What kinds of differ, At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript.
- Published
- 2015
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