1. A comprehensive analysis of recruitment and transactivation potential of K-Rta and K-bZIP during reactivation of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus
- Author
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Hsing Jien Kung, Chie Izumiya, Yoshihiro Izumiya, Paul A. Luciw, and Thomas J. Ellison
- Subjects
viruses ,Microarray ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virus Replication ,Transactivation ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Promoter Regions, Genetic ,0303 health sciences ,Kaposi's sarcoma ,virus diseases ,physiology [Promoter Regions, Genetic] ,Chromatin immunoprecipitation ,Chromatin ,3. Good health ,Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors ,Herpesvirus 8, Human ,Transcription ,Gene Expression Regulation, Viral ,Transcriptional Activation ,chemistry ,metabolism ,physiology [Trans-Activators] ,KSHV ,Biology ,Article ,Immediate early protein ,Immediate-Early Proteins ,Cell Line ,03 medical and health sciences ,Virology ,medicine ,Humans ,Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ,Transcription factor ,HHV-8 ,030304 developmental biology ,K-Rta/ORF50 ,030306 microbiology ,genetics ,physiology [Herpesvirus 8, Human] ,K-bZIP/K8 ,metabolism [Immediate-Early Proteins] ,Promoter ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,medicine.disease ,DNA, Viral ,genetics [DNA, Viral] ,Trans-Activators ,Virus Activation ,Gene expression - Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiologic agent of Kaposi's sarcoma. K-Rta and K-bZIP are two major viral transcription factors that control reactivation of this virus. Here we report a genome-wide analysis of transcriptional capacity by evaluation of a comprehensive library of 83 putative KSHV promoters. In reporter assays, 34 viral promoters were activated by K-Rta, whereas K-bZIP activated 21 promoters. When K-Rta and K-bZIP were combined, 3 K-Rta responsive promoters were repressed by K-bZIP. The occupancy of K-Rta and K-bZIP across KSHV promoters was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation with a viral promoter-chip in BCBL-1 cells. In addition, acetylation of local histones was examined to determine accessibility of promoters during latency and reactivation. Finally, 10 promoters were selected to study the dynamics of transcription factor recruitment. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the responsiveness of KSHV promoters to K-Rta and K-bZIP, and describes key chromatin changes during viral reactivation.
- Published
- 2009
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