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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Online Journal of Recreation & Sports is the property of Online Journal of Recreation & Sports and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background. The teacher needs to analyse and promptly make changes in each student’s dosage of physical activity in the class. At the same time, students within the group differ from each other in gender, age, physical fitness and health level. Such differences make it difficult to clearly discern the individual characteristics of every student and thus to help them develop their physical data in the best way, choose a proper motor regime to improve their health. The aim of the work is to calculate and analyse the physical health index for 1st-year students of the 2023-2024 academic year at the Russian New University in scores in order to control their physical condition in the discipline “Physical Culture”. Materials and methods. The survey used the methods, tests and computer programmes developed by the Association “People’s Sports Park”. The Association “People’s Sports Park” has a patent of the Russian Federation No. 2147208 for the “Method of assessing physical health reserves and working capacity of the population” and the ownership right to the computer programme processing and evaluating testing results for different categories of the population. Materials of the research: data from 15 tests for the following human body systems: cardiovascular, respiratory, muscular, nervous. The tests include measurements made both in the state of relative dormancy and in dynamics. The main method of working with the obtained data was their statistical processing and analysis of its results. Results. The article reflects the findings of the study of the first-year students’ heart rhythm obtained with the use of technical means and recorded in real time. The calculation of the physical health index (PHI) of the first-year students made in the 2023-2024 academic year showed the following distribution: • 34% of the students scored between 3 and 3.9 out of 6 points maximum and have a satisfactory level of health and performance ability; • 41% of the first-year students have an unsatisfactory physical condition, which corresponds to 2.0-2.9 points out of 6 maximum; • 25% of the first-year students have good and excellent health levels, which corresponds to 4-6 points; • 75% of the first-year students have a quality of health that requires perfection and maximum control by specialists.

Physical education and the corresponding subject in educational programs are traditionally considered as the tools for mastering skills directly related to sport and its certain disciplines. Meanwhile, within the competency-based education approach, physical education can be understood in a much wider context, as a source of development of soft skills and even cognitive abilities. This article considers the preconditions and several country cases of integration of the competency-based approach into the physical education curricula.

Despite its longevity as an Olympic sport, Olympic weight-lifting has yet to receive sustained scholarly attention, an observation made all the more confusing when one considers weight-lifting's inclusion at the 1896 Olympic Games and its rich nineteenth century history. The dearth of studies on weight-lifting outside of the United States can be found in the paucity of histories on individual national federations. This is certainly the case in Great Britain where BAWLA (the British Amateur Weight-lifting Association) was founded in the early 1900s. This article provides the first comprehensive history of BAWLA's foundation and, in doing so, establishes the reliance that British weight-lifting had on European weight-lifting in terms of athletes, organisers and inspiration. In doing so it tracks the shift from strength performances in an informal setting (music halls, gyms, circuses etc.) to standardised sporting practices. First founded in 1901, BAWLA ceased operating before re-emerging in the 1910s. The purpose of this article is two-fold. First it discusses BAWLA's creation (in both instances) and, more importantly, highlights its European relationships. The article thus stresses the transnational influences existing in British weight-lifting and physical culture during this period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sportis: Scientific Journal of School Sport, Physical Education & Psychomotricity is the property of Sportis: Scientific Journal of School Sport, Physical Education & Psychomotricity and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Taking the Mamá Fit memes and other social media eruptions as a starting point and delving deeper into popular print media, this chapter traces the racialized and gendered practices that constitute fitness in El Salvador in a diasporic context. Importantly, the word fit is now often expressed in English, captured in the names of commercial gyms and diet advertisements; the use of this word signals an important cultural change in conventional understandings of the body in a Spanish-speaking society. By charting the emergence of this new health/beauty norm in a transnational domain, this chapter explores the relationship between shifting patterns of gendered body discipline and changes in El Salvador's location within the global political economy. This chapter argues that fitness discourse has become a subtle, but powerful, conduit for coloniality during a renegotiation of the meaning of gender to fit a neoliberal reality. The argument ends by pointing in the direction of future research to explore how this discourse is experienced in embodied practice with potentially contradictory impacts in Salvadoran society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contributions to this volume showcase the current state of gender research as it relates to the embodiment and representation of beauty. In particular, the authors highlight a more open-ended concept of beauty that goes beyond esthetics. The authors call our attention to the fact that beauty definitions and standards in any given society closely reflect the distribution of power in it. For this purpose, the authors in this volume share findings of research and conducted in multiple sites in the United States (i.e., Southern California, the Midwest, the Northwest, New York City, Salt Lake City, Houston, Boston, and Washington, DC), El Salvador, and the Dominican Republic. Contributors also use a variety of qualitative and quantitative methodologies to expand notions of beauty and its embodiment across diverse areas and experiences. The authors ask and invite us to ask ourselves how race, class, disability, gender identity or sexual orientation, and other dimensions of inequality inform our definitions of what beauty is and is not. They exhort us to interrogate who defines who and what is beautiful and why. Finally, rather than being problem-oriented, the premise of each study is to effect collective change in the ways we construe, see, represent, and embody beauty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the nineteenth century, industrial planning discourse conveyed the challenge of paternalistic industrialists to provide a biopolitical agenda that was aimed at controlling and disciplining the daily lives of the workers. Paternalistic industrialists used sports-related spaces as a tool to enable their biopolitical goals. Accordingly, they made certain efforts to insert sports-related spaces into the industrial landscape. In this paper, physical culture and sports as biopolitical initiatives of paternalism are explored in industrial planning discourse. Exploring history through the perspective of sports reveals that industrial planning provided a spatialized approach to regulating working-class life socially and culturally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scientific article discusses the state of the sociology of sports in Kazakhstan, including sociological research, the health of young people, and the organization of leisure activities. Health is a resource for the socio-economic development of the individual and society as a whole, an indicator of the status of a developed state. The main problem in maintaining and strengthening the health of young people is the culture of sports and Physical Culture. The authors considered the data of the World Health Organization and legislative documents in the field of Tourism and sports in the country, the concept of the development of Physical Culture and sports of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2023-2029. In addition, authors analyzed the dynamic indicators of national statistics on youth in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The main focus of the article is to analyze the domestic sociological research on the health of Kazakhstani youth, the organization of their leisure time and the conditions for playing sports. It considers the most significant Kazakhstani sociological studies, including “Youth of Kazakhstan: assessment of values, beliefs, goals”, “Social Principles of NEET youth in Kazakhstan”, and “Fair City: social justice in the cities of Kazakhstan”. In order to reveal the relevance of the topic of the article, the authors have conducted an analysis of theoretical works in the field of sports and Physical Culture, conducted an expert interview and presented the results of the study to specialists of the Ministry of Tourism and sports of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Kazakh Academy of sports and tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Religious faith and practice are important aspects of human life and give meaning to human existence. The development of modernity and consumerism has significantly undermined the religious foundations of a present-day global society. The aim of this study is to determine the relationships of the religious faith and practice of student youth and adults in Poland (Podkarpacie and Lesser Poland regions) and in western Ukraine (Lviv region) with their self-rated health status and attitudes toward physical culture. Methods: The study was conducted online in Poland and Ukraine from January to April 2022. A convenience sample of 1458 people was recruited. The questionnaire included 16 questions about religiosity, attitudes towards physical culture, and self-rated health status. Questions regarding self-esteem and attitudes towards physical culture were assessed on a Likert scale of 1 to 5 points. Other questions contained single-choice answers. Data were analyzed using Statistica v. 13.3. Results: The component of health that was rated highest was physical health among believers and mental health among non-believers. The results of the analysis of variance showed significant differences between the individual variables depending on the declaration of faith in God. Conclusion: While the faith of the inhabitants of southeastern Poland and western Ukraine is largely related to their regular religious practice, irregularity dominates this practice. Respondents combined ratings of their faith and/or practice with self-rated health status; more religious people had statistically lower levels of self-rated health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciencia y Educación (2707-3378) is the property of Duanys Miguel Pena Lopez and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of diploma theses produced in the Department of Physical Culture at the Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management between 2017-2024, to identify main research trends, thematic evolution, and assess the impact of external factors on research directions in the field of physical culture. Material and Methods: The analysis included 95 diploma theses (82 bachelor's and 13 master's). Mixed research methods were applied, combining quantitative and qualitative analysis. Content analysis, statistical analysis (including chi-square tests, analysis of variance, linear regression), and advanced data analysis methods (LDA topic modeling, social network analysis, SARIMA time series analysis) were conducted. Additionally, measures of thematic diversity and supervisor specialization indicators were applied. Results: A statistically significant upward trend in the number of theses (β = 1.1875, p = 0.0134) and significant seasonality of defenses were found. Five main thematic areas were identified: physical activity and health (29.5%), tourism (23.2%), sport (21.1%), health (15.8%), and recreation (10.5%). LDA analysis revealed more detailed categories, indicating growing interdisciplinarity of research. A significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on thesis topics was observed in 2020-2021. Social network analysis showed a key role of certain supervisors in shaping research directions (highest eigenvector centrality = 1.00). Conclusions: The study revealed dynamic development of the physical culture discipline, with growing emphasis on interdisciplinarity and health aspects. Adaptation of research topics to current social and technological challenges was observed. Results indicate the need for further expansion of the thematic scope of theses, particularly in areas of new technologies and long-term effects of physical activity. The analysis provides valuable information for strategic planning of study program development and research directions in the field of physical culture, tourism, and recreation.

The article examines the theoretical and methodological provisions of the development of higher education in the field of physical culture and sports in terms of determining the subject-objective state of research on issues related to state management of higher education in the field of physical culture and sports based on bibliometric analysis of scientific works contained in scientometric databases Scopus and Web of Science data. The first articles devoted to the study of education in the field of physical culture and sports were published in the Web of Science database in 1997, and in Scopus in 1969. Over the last 10 years, there has been an increase in the number of studies in this field. Ukraine is included in the list of countries that publish the most scientific works on the researched topic, which indicates that Ukrainian scientists are actively researching the issues of physical culture and sports for the development of new teaching and training methods, improvement of sports equipment and technologies, as well as for studying the impact of physical activity on a person’s health and psycho-emotional state. On the subject of «physical culture and sports», the most researches were carried out in the field of education and science, social and sports sciences. As a result of the analysis, the subject-object state of the research on issues related to state management of higher education in the field of physical culture and sports was determined, which creates a scientific basis for the formulation of a social problem in the part of higher education in the field of physical culture and sports, which identifies the need to review the mechanisms of state management.

The relationship between women's sports, female physical education, and liberal reformism is pivotal to understanding gender relations in Colombia from 1930 to 1946. The Liberal Republic was a political period when public officials placed cultural reforms at the centre of governmental attempts to 'transform' and 'modernise' Colombia. Print media, official correspondence, and legislation are crucial to grasping women's reactions to the advancement of female physical culture and how they publicly advocated for its implementation. The endeavours of the Liberal Republic to promote physical culture at the national level highlight the way in which their reformism worked in everyday life and uncover how female educators and sports enthusiasts discussed and embraced the government's initiatives from below. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interest has been globally established as a powerful predictor that triggers engagement, especially in fostering physical culture among students. Scholarly works in PE have already shown that situational interest triggers individual interest, which can lead to highly engaged students. However, little is known about the impact of individual interest alone on students’ school engagement. In this regard, this study is focused on determining the significant difference between the sex and institution of students concerning individual interest and school engagement. Moreover, it aimed to assess the relationship and direct influence of individual interest on school engagement. After obtaining data from 1659 samples of undergraduate students from the most prominent local colleges in Pampanga, it was revealed that there is no significant difference concerning individual interest and school engagement between sex and institution. Fascinatingly, a significant association between students’ individual interests and school engagement was observed. Lastly, individual interest, along with its three factors, predicts school engagement. It can be concluded that individual interest has a direct positive influence on school engagement. Recommendations for future research direction and PE teachers to fully translate physical culture to students to improve their overall well-being are hereby presented.

The article talks about digitalization, to which all spheres of human activity, including education, are subordinated nowadays, therefore it is advisable to produce specialists with competencies corresponding to modern realities. In this regard, the possibilities of digitalization of physical education are considered on the example of the Higher School of Physical Culture and Sports of the I. Kant BFU. Since the educational and educative potential of digital technologies has been proven by many researchers, our main task is to test educational technologies in the educational process of training specialists in the field of “Physical culture” and determine what conditions for their implementation should be created within a specific university. The object of the study is the educational process at the Higher School of physical culture and Sports, which trains specialists in the field of “Physical culture”, who will have to teach their students not only theoretical knowledge, but also motor actions. The analysis of the results of the readiness of graduate students showed that the systematic introduction of digital educational technologies into the teaching of disciplines under the training program of the direction “Physical culture” makes it possible to individualize the educational process, expand the forms and space of pedagogical innovations in the educational process and, accordingly, improve the quality of education.

Background. Addressing the purposeful development of endurance can be approached by examining its formation across various age periods. The aim of this study is to identify optimal age periods for fostering endurance among schoolchildren aged 7-18 years. Materials and methods: From September 15, 2022 to May 23, 2023, a total of 1,215 students from grades 1- to 11 from a school in Kirov in, Russia participated in this pedagogical investigation. The study involved girls (637) and boys (578), aged 7-18 years. All students were engaged in physical education at school 3 times a week for 40 minutes each lesson, while the children did not attend sports sections. During the study, endurance was assessed by the Cooper test (6 minutes). The Biostat program was used for statistical processing. Results. After the pedagogical experiment, boys from the 2nd grade had a significant improvement in endurance indicators, and a high increase was also noted in grades 8-11. The indicators became 12-16% higher (p<0.05). As for girls, the indicators in the 2nd grade, grades 9-11 increased significantly, the indicators became 12-15% higher (p<0.05). It should be noted that the indicators increased by 8% in all children in grades 4 (p>0.05). Conclusion. After analyzing the results of the study, we can say that the sensitive period for the development of endurance in girls and boys is the age of 8-9 years, as well as in boys it is 14-18 years, and in girls it is 15-18 years. Such results will make it possible to adjust physical education programs at school and the training of athletes in sports sections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eugen Sandow gained renown in fin de siecle Britain as a strongman and bodybuilder and in the early twentieth century as a publicist, entrepreneur, and crusader for physical fitness on the international scene. Much less is known about his underlying zeal for eugenics, a movement that coincided with Social Darwinism as an evolutionary theory and practice that culminated during his most productive years. A pioneer in the burgeoning field of physical culture, Sandow sought to use his celebrity status to propagate his universal health doctrine as a means to address widespread public concerns about degeneration or suicide of the race. What made Sandow's system unique was his neo-Lamarckian belief that acquired characteristics of health and fitness could be transmitted to the next generation of humanity by physical training. Fuelled by ongoing recruitment crises in the South African War and World War I, it was an ulterior agenda of environmental eugenics that Sandow promoted not only through public and official channels but to the four corners of the earth. Ultimately his utopian vision could not be sustained by the 1920s either through science, public opinion, or by political efforts to reconstruct a society fit for heroes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synthesizing and responding to the arguments made throughout this special issue, we share our perspectives as early-career researchers on how to revive the study of the cultural politics of sport. First, we argue that the malaise of cultural politics work should be attributed to academic and disciplinary structures that have disincentivized a contextual and political study of sport. Second, we suggest that supporting and highlighting studies about nonelite, noncommercialized sporting practices can assist in unveiling the hidden politics that shape our sporting experiences and everyday routines. Third, we propose that transforming the academic structures that have discouraged a study of cultural politics will require scholars to do the unglamorous political work of organizing in their workplaces, institutions, and local communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the Second World War, sports communities in the areas incorporated into Poland became more active. The influx of settlers led to the creation of new organizations, which were based on prewar organizational patterns and traditions. Right from the outset, the People's Government utilized athletes for political and propaganda purposes. This was primarily aimed at integrating the 'Recovered Territories' with the rest of the country, a process that unfolded notably in Szczecin, the main urban center in Western Pomerania. The governing power harnessed the enthusiasm and zeal of the youth, along with the belief that sports are apolitical. Following the adaptation of the organizational structure of sports to the Soviet model, the mass indoctrination of sports communities commenced in 1950. The Communists began leveraging activists and athletes without constraints to promote a new ideology, with the goal of aligning society with the state policy of that era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kirsten and Kate are scholar–practitioners studying the people with whom they interact and operate. In this empirical paper, based on their auto/ethnographic reflections, they study some often-neglected circumstances and by-products of scholar–practitioner research. They review aspects of entering research situations with which they are connected, participating in them, leaving them behind, and revisiting them. Kirsten is an ethnographer, both working with and studying intentional communities. Kate is a qualitative researcher who operates auto/ethnographically in studying Triple X unintentional communities. This article arises from discussions of Kirsten's and Kate's field notes, which have led them to compare and relate their convergent experiences with one another. Kirsten and Kate focus on the physical culture of the environments in which they study. Some traditional boundaries like the isolation of researchers and communities are eroding. Kirsten and Kate care about those they study and continue to hold some responsibility for the lives of people they have entered. They attempt to narrow the space between theory and practice in recognising their interconnected nature. Civic mission is gaining increased currency for researchers and may form a signpost towards the future of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines and theoretically analyzes the factors that indicate the need to rebuild the system of physical education in higher education institutions with a focus on the personality, needs, and health of students of higher education, with the use of motivational approaches and incentives. The concept of the content of work, which is defined by the tasks facing educational institutions at a certain stage of their development, as well as the state of educational work and the level of qualification of the pedagogical staff of each specific educational institution and the level of competence of the organizers of the educational process, is interpreted. The main features of fitness technologies in education are determined, which increase the level of traditional physical culture, provide positive emotions, satisfy human needs by strengthening his health, forming a positive and active attitude to a healthy lifestyle, success and prosperity, a modern lifestyle, contribute to the development motility of students, improve physical development and physical training. The article established that the competent and purposeful introduction of fitness technologies into the system of physical culture classes for the health, development and education of currently studying youth is one of the main and urgent tasks of modernizing curricula and work programs of higher education institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the disclosure of the methodology of research and experimental work on the preparation of future bachelors of physical education for pedagogical activity in the conditions of inclusive education. A formative experiment program has been developed. An experiment was conducted to determine students' readiness for the inclusive orientation of the educational process. The effectiveness of the developed didactic exercises for the formation of inclusive competence of future bachelors of physical culture for pedagogical activity in the conditions of inclusive education is proven. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article considers peculiarities of the study of regulation of legal relations in the field of physical culture and sports at the stage of formation of sports law as a branch of legislation. Physical culture and sport as a subject of scientific research attracts the attention of scholars of various fields, including lawyers who are actively studying the phenomenon of sports law, Endeavouring to improve domestic legislation in this regard and to bring it into line with international standards. The article analyses main tendencies of development of sports law, role and significance of international legal acts in formation of national branch of law. In particular, the influence of the works of Bordyugova G.Y. and Vasilenko M.D. on the study of this problem is considered. Long-standing and well-known scholars and practitioners have discussed various aspects of legal relations in the field of sport: the promulgation and formation of sports law; the concept of sports law; sources of law; civil, administrative and labour relations in sports and others. It is obvious that in regulating legal relations in physical culture and sports there are problematic issues related to both gaps and contradictions, which require legal support and clear order, permanent additions, improvements, and sometimes fundamental changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Endurance is of great importance for the growth and development of the body of schoolchildren, and is also the foundation for the development of other physical qualities. The low level of endurance of modern schoolchildren requires the search for new ways to improve the system of physical education. The aim of the study: To increase the level of endurance development in schoolchildren using outdoor games in physical education classes at school. Study design: Pedagogical experiment. Research methods: The research was carried out on the basis of secondary school number 30 in the city of Kirov, Russian Federation. The experiment was attended by 3rd grade students aged 9-10 years. The study took place from September 6 to December 26, 2022 during physical education lessons 2 times a week for 45 minutes each lesson. In total, 2 groups of 25 people were formed. Classes in the control group were conducted according to the standard program, and in the experimental group, outdoor games were additionally conducted at each lesson for 6-7 minutes. Tests that were used to determine endurance: flexion and extension of the arms while lying on the floor, running 30 meters, Vis bent arms, lifting the trunk from the supine position, running 1000 m. Results: After the end of the pedagogical experiment, the indicators of school children in both groups became higher. In the control group, the indicators were reliable only in the test for flexion and extension of the arms while lying on the floor. In the experimental group, by the end of the study, the results in all 5 tests showed a significant and reliable result. Flexion and extension of the arms in the prone position from 15,6±0,76 to 19,7±0,76 (p< 0.05); Running 30 meters from 6,25±0,08 to 5,99±0,08 (p< 0.05); Vis bent arms from 21,90±0,97 to 27,10±0,97 (p< 0.05); Lifting the trunk from the supine position from 22,40±0,87 to 28,10±0,76 (p< 0.05); running 1000 m from 337,7±8,01 to 311,9±3,9 (p< 0.05). Conclusion: If outdoor games are used in physical education lessons at school when working with children 9-10 years old, then the indicators of different types of endurance will significantly improve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay explores Physical Cultural Studies (PCS) and shows how this field of studies raises challenges and possibilities for dialogue with the sociocultural and pedagogical subfields of the Brazilian physical education in a local reality. To this end, the text presents PCS based on theoretical productions by researchers who recognize themselves in this field of study, focuses on one of the basic concepts of PCS – physical culture – and how this concept is developed in Brazilian physical education, and bring autoethnographic narratives from experiences with PCS in a local reality. With this, I aim to inform how PCS is designed as a field of study that has impacted the way we produce knowledge and how it is fruitful to develop research in intersection with the sociocultural and pedagogical subfields of Brazilian physical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improving physical education means and methods among children, adolescents and youth is an urgent and indemand area of activity for specialists in this field. The low rate of improvement in the indicators of physical health of the population, its insufficient motivation for physical activity makes it necessary to search for effective methods of wellness orientation. Research aim. To develop and experimentally substantiate a program for motor qualities and coordination abilities development fitness in 12-14-years-old girls in the process of extracurricular step aerobics classes. Materials and methods. The experimental project was carried out on the basis of a comprehensive school in Chelyabinsk (Russia). There were 30 girls under observation, aged 12-14, who had no medical restrictions on physical activity. The girls were divided into two groups: control (CG, n=15) and experimental (EG, n=15). As part of additional physical education in school conditions, girls of both groups studied three times a week for 45 minutes according to the general education program «General physical training». The program used complexes of general developmental physical exercises to develop the students' basic motor qualities and coordination abilities. The educational process for the EG girls followed our developed program. EG girls engaged in a traditional general educational curriculum twice a week, while incorporating special aerobic exercise complexes using a step platform once a week. Rigorous testing was conducted to assess the level of general physical fitness and coordination abilities. Results. Upon project completion, it was evident that EG girls exhibited significantly higher values in almost all motor and coordination tests, along with notable growth rates than the CG girls. At the end of the project, 60.0% of girls were classified as «high» in terms of motor skills and 53.3% in coordination skills, which is significantly more than in CG. A positive vector for the motivation to engage in wellness fitness development has been established not only among EG girls, but also among their classmates. Conclusions. The proposed program for the general physical fitness and coordination skills development has shown its effectiveness. It can be used in regular and additional physical training of students, studying at educational institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's conditions, the problem of forming a healthy lifestyle among students is particularly relevant. The article analyses the causes, consequences and ways to overcome the problem of healthy lifestyles among young people. The reasons that have a negative impact on the health of young people include a lack of physical activity, bad habits, unhealthy diet, chronic stress, depression or anxiety, lack of sufficient awareness of the importance of a healthy lifestyle. It is emphasised that the promotion of a healthy lifestyle among students is an important strategic task of higher education institutions, which can be successfully solved in various forms of physical improvement. It is noted that physical education is one of the key components of a healthy lifestyle and its proper formation, as it motivates people to strive to live actively, move, do good deeds and be active members of a healthy society. It is important to inform young people about the benefits of a healthy lifestyle and the dangers of unhealthy habits. Healthy lifestyle education should be systematic. It is stated that the formation of a healthy lifestyle should be carried out at three levels: social (information and educational work); infrastructure (specific conditions in the main spheres of life, preventive measures, environmental control); personal (system of human values, standardisation of everyday life). The creation and implementation of special programmes and projects will help young people to maintain a healthy lifestyle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciencia y Educación (2707-3378) is the property of Duanys Miguel Pena Lopez and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Interest has been globally established as a powerful predictor that triggers engagement, especially in fostering physical culture among students. Scholarly works in PE have already shown that situational interest triggers individual interest, which can lead to highly engaged students. However, little is known about the impact of individual interest alone on students’ school engagement. In this regard, this study is focused on determining the significant difference between the sex and institution of students concerning individual interest and school engagement. Moreover, it aimed to assess the relationship and direct influence of individual interest on school engagement. After obtaining data from 1659 samples of undergraduate students from the most prominent local colleges in Pampanga, it was revealed that there is no significant difference concerning individual interest and school engagement between sex and institution. Fascinatingly, a significant association between students’ individual interests and school engagement was observed. Lastly, individual interest, along with its three factors, predicts school engagement. It can be concluded that individual interest has a direct positive influence on school engagement. Recommendations for future research direction and PE teachers to fully translate physical culture to students to improve their overall well-being are hereby presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia y Memoria de la Educación is the property of Historia y Memoria de la Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Law & Security / Prawo i Bezpieczeństwo is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of PODIUM- Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia en la Cultura Física is the property of Universidad de Pinar del Rio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology is the property of Idokan Poland Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

IntroductionIn being an important lifestyle factor, the physical activity influences people's health status, including life expectancy. Specific forms of physical activity are exercises related to hand-to-hand combat in the broadest sense, often overlapping and containing similar elements associated with combat sports (for Western culture) and martial arts (for Far Eastern culture). There are many types of forms of practising hand-to-hand combat exercises, which can be seen as opposing or in some ways complementary, e.g.: “traditional”—e.g., karate or kung fu, practised for hundreds or even thousands of years, usually adhering to moral codes of conduct, and drawing ideas from philosophy, religion vs. “modern”—e.g., American pro wrestling or mixed martial arts—MMA, suggesting a combination of various traditional forms of martial arts. In terms of shaping a healthy lifestyle with mental health elements based on the implementation of hand-to-hand combat exercises, an analysis of these fundamental insights into physical activity is warranted. This study aims to investigate the development direction of the hand-to-hand exercises in Western culture, opposing the “traditional” and “modern” forms.DiscussionIn this study, INNOAGON theory responds to the overuse of the term “science of martial arts”. It is currently being used to promote extreme aggression and violence as an acceptable means of achieving success, and this model is expressively permeating other spheres of social interaction. In INNOAGON's understanding, hand-to-hand combat should be associated with the ancient thought of “doing good” (ancient Greece) or “wisdom” (Far Eastern cultures) including aesthetic and philosophical aspects. This links to numerous psychosocial benefits, self-esteem, discipline, body-mind coordination including breath control and relaxation, respect for others. The modern form of hand-to-hand combat, framed in these discussions as MMA or American pro wrestling, historically refers to the gladiatorial fights held during the Roman Games. The holding of fights in so-called “cages” refers to the arena in which Roman slave fights were held, and the athletes performing there are often referred to as modern-day “gladiators”.ConclusionProper education, including education in the area of physical culture, leading to the development of a society turned towards values broader than just fun or self-satisfaction should be the basis for the development of the next generations. It actually remains to decide which path of social change we will choose: in the case of INNOAGON a positive one, and in the case of modern gladiator a destructive one. Only a proper education combined with a broad programme of social role modelling, social facilitation—the foundations of which are laid by INNOAGON—including promotion on the Internet and social media can provide the right counterbalance to the pathology increasingly penetrating our lives, leading to the promotion of aggression and threats to physical and mental health.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of “soft fitness” on the psychophysical state of the firstyear female students. It was assumed that the integrated use of the elements of yoga, Pilates, autogenic training in physical education classes at a university would help reduce the stress levels among the female students, increase emotional stability, develop the control skills in regulating their own psycho-emotional states and, as a result, improve mental and physical well-being. The study was conducted on the basis of the Russian University of Transport with the first-year students aged 17–19 years old, from whom 2 groups were formed, i.e. experimental (EG) (n = 23) and control (CG) (n = 21). In the EG, the classes were conducted using soft fitness means. In the CG, according to the traditional program, general physical training means were used. Research methods included: psychodiagnostic tests such as “Situational and Personal Anxiety Scale” by Spielberger – Khanin, “Assessment of mental activation, interest, emotional tone, tension and comfort” by L. A. Kurgansky – T. A. Nemchina; physical fitness tests (strength endurance, flexibility, vestibular stability); functional tests such as Shtang, Genchi, Serkin, Ruffier index. During the experiment, a significant advantage of the author’s method was established compared to the traditional approach, which was reflected in a significant improvement in indicators of flexibility, static and strength endurance of the core muscles, vestibular stability (balance function), in results of the functional tests (Stange, Genchi, Serkin, Ruffier index) and some indicators of the mental state of the female students from the EG compared to the CG.

The article reveals the peculiarities of the representation of everyday amateur sports practices in Soviet feature films of the 1920s and 1930s. The visual representation of sports in the mass culture of this period has not been studied enough, but it was the display of the athletic body that served both as a means of promoting the emerging physical culture system and as a visual component in the image of the “new man” being constructed in culture. Based on anthropological research on the Soviet era, conducted within the framework of the visual turn, it is argued that feature cinema serves as a significant source for studying the emerging images of physical culture practices. The principles of creating a selection of films are described. The analysis focuses on movie imagery to investigate how the goals of the Soviet physical culture system, articulated in official discourse, were portrayed, and how the image of the athlete was utilized to exemplify the idea of the “new man”. For this purpose, thematic episodes from films are analyzed in terms of their place in the plot, framing structure, physicality, and emotions of the characters. When working with materials, the author relies on the systematic film analysis by Helmut Korte. The key outcome of the study is the discovery of the transformation of physical culture representation in the films of the examined period. While in the 1920s physical culture was portrayed as a source of pleasant emotions, as leisure that did not require special preparation, in the 1930s, it was presented as a serious matter, consistently bringing people together. In the 1920s, sports practices appeared on the screen as a randomly captured glimpse of everyday life, while in the 1930s, they were already presented as a well-constructed spectacle. This visual shift reflects the trend towards the massification of sports and the formation of a new type of sports consumption.

This article examines the historical context of public health in the territory of the Grand Duchy of Posen in Prussian-partitioned Poland of the mid-nineteenth century, focusing on the circus as a local entertainment attraction that could indirectly contribute to well-being and the physical and mental health of the Polish population. Non-reactive research methods used in historical sciences were applied to analyse archival materials related to the widely acclaimed Olympic circus of that era. The findings of the conducted research are press releases, particularly the note published in the local press on June 11, 1856. Circus performances, showcasing sports, culture, and human prowess, exemplified high physical culture levels, offering relaxing, imaginative, and sensory experiences. It is argued that through the performances of professional athletes, the circus promoted attitudes of self-development and the need to strive for set goals, especially important for the Poles in the context of their independence aspirations.

This article examines the career of the Indian physical culturist, K.V. Iyer, and situates his writings from the 1920s and 1930s within a transnational community between India and the United States. Iyer ran several gymnasiums, offered health advice, and sold books and mail-order courses across India and internationally. Previous studies have focused on his yogic practices and anti-colonial thinking, with less attention given to his place in the global bodybuilding community. While his writings were sometimes suffused with political rhetoric, his vision of the ideal citizen was derived from his immersion in Western scientific ideas around physiology and anatomy and his ongoing communication with American physical culturists. Studying a global health community between India and the United States, which first found expression through yoga and the Young Men Christian Association, this article positions Iyer as a leading figure in a global exchange of Indian and American ideas concerning the muscular body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The article is aimed at a comprehensive and holistic analysis of the judgments existing in Orthodox circles regarding physical culture and sports, reflecting the Orthodox worldview and its values. The novelty of the article lies in the empirical substantiation of the role of the physical and spiritual development of believers against the background of sports practices, as well as the substantiation of contradictions and problems of perception, sports practices in the conditions of the Orthodox worldview. Methodology and sources. A comprehensive approach to the problem of studying and analyzing sports practices is used as a methodological basis. The main research method in the work is an Internet survey.Results and discussion. According to the study, it should be noted that there is no unity among Orthodox people in understanding the role of physical culture in Orthodox spiritual development. Most people believe that the call for the development of their body is not the work of the church, they do not see any sin in the underdevelopment of their body. This is the result of the influence of various values that are in one or another society in which people live. Therefore, it is especially important to emphasize the role of the church in the educational process of physical culture among young people and the younger generation.Conclusion. In general, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that there is no unity among Orthodox people in understanding the role of physical culture in Orthodox spiritual development.

Although it is well-established that the highest forms of health and well-being are experienced by those who embody the greatest levels of autonomy, the Covid-19 pandemic disrupted autonomy and freedom in decision making, such as leading healthy lifestyles like physical activity, either because of disease-related issues (e.g., battling sickness and/or long covid or fear of catching covid 19) and/or governmentally imposed covid-19 mandates, such as lockdowns, social isolation, excessive screen use, face masks, and vaccines that proved to cause extensive harm and devastation in the health of the public. The paper draws on the philosophical underpinnings of embodied physical consciousness and body schema based on Merleau-Ponty’s (1945/2014) existential freedom about decision making for living the good life. Specifically, based on Merleau-Ponty’s seminal work, Phenomenology of Perception (1945/2014), the purpose of this concept-based paper is to attempt to emphasize the importance of a strong, embodied body schema (motor habit) to freedom in decision making regarding the value of and participation in physical activity. The manuscript is divided into six sections, showcasing that such (total) freedom can be achieved by finding a balance between the body as being for itself (with consciousness and autonomy) and the body as being in the world – influenced by external forces like disease (e.g., Covid 19), disability, socio-economic status, and socio-political systems (e.g., covid-19 mandates). Given the threats to total freedom (because of our being in the world), implications for the field of Kinesiology and movement education are discussed, emphasizing ways to build a healthy physical culture, by for example implementing well-studied, ethical, and humanistic policies/recommendations regarding life challenges (e.g., disease, disability, poverty). In this way, a strong body schema can be formed for health and well-being.

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the establishment of the level and degree of regulatory support for the delimitation of powers between the Russian Federation and its subjects in the sphere of physical culture and sport, which is due to a number of prerequisites that characterize the relevance of the stated topic. Among them there are changes in the conditions for the development of physical culture and sport, as well as the restructuring of executive bodies in the regions in the context of the reform of public authority. The subject of the research is regulatory legal acts that establish and disclose the powers of authorities and other subjects in the context of the analyzed relations at the federal level and at the level of subjects of the Russian Federation, as well as the activities of authorized public authorities in this sphere. Methodology. The research is based on general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, comparison, modeling) in combination with special legal and sociological methods (private legal methods – formal legal and comparative methods, method of state and legal modeling, method of interpretation of law; methods of sociological analysis – sociological observation and survey). Results. The results of the research consist in the established prospects for the permissibility of revision and conditions for the distribution of powers of public authorities between the federal center and the regions in the analyzed sphere. Practical implications. The results of the study can be applied in the field of public administration on the issues of organization of activities in the sphere of physical culture and sport.

The relevance of the study is related to the problem of the use of doping to improve athletic performance in sports and the issues of combating doping in the focus of modern public attention. The aim of the work was to study the awareness of athletes and the staff working with them in matters of doping and doping violations, as well as to identify the shortcomings of anti-doping educational work among various categories and groups of the population. 280 people took part in the study, including heads of institutions, organizations, representatives of regional executive authorities in the field of physical culture and sports, presidents of sports federations, instructors, methodologists, sports coaches, medical workers, teachers, students of universities and colleges. It is assumed that the main problem of insufficient anti-doping awareness can be solved in secondary specialized and higher educational institutions only by introducing mandatory anti-doping information and educational programs. The data obtained indicate the need for immediate intervention in the ongoing processes in the youth student environment. The package of measures should include anti-doping propaganda in sports educational institutions, organizing meetings with athletes disqualified for doping, conducting information and educational events on anti- doping topics, annual completion of advanced training courses by persons responsible for organizing work to prevent doping in sports, annual completion of a remote anti-doping program rusada.triagonal.net, conducting anti-doping propaganda among young people in the mass media of the region, on the official website of each sports organization of the region and on social networks.