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In the context of paradigmatic transformations, different approaches have periodically dominated in the field of educational sciences, as happened in other fields. There are views related to which the scientific paradigms are rising rapidly and falling slowly. The purpose of this study is to investigate why? and how? paradigms gain and lose their popularity. Constructivism studied as a basic paradigm in this study. In Turkey, MoNE changed the primary and secondary school curriculum based on constructivism approach which was a new concept for teachers and researchers. Within this change an increases research happened about constructivism. Because of the increase and popularity of the constructivism the researchers of this article decided to analyze this change in a paradigmatic change. The researchers collected data from researchers who studied and experienced the constructivist approach in their papers. So, this study used phenomenological approach to why, what, and how participants experienced the constructivism. The study reached the findings that the reasons why scientists start to conduct a research were "intellectual curiosity, faddism, external history, belief and authority"; the reasons of maintaining a study based on a specific approach were "development and belief”, and the reasons of not continuing their study were explained as "dullness, hobbies and belief". Consequently, an approach in Turkey does not show a rapid rise and then a slow decrease, contrary to what is expressed theoretically; it can be said that it shows a very rapid uptrend and a very strong downward trend.

En esta tesis doctoral, por medio de la mayéutica, y recurriendo a los métodos histórico y hermenéutico, se analizará el papel determinante de 15 grandes compositoras europeas de 1850 hasta 1950, que sin embargo son olvidadas con frecuencia en los libros de música referenciales, en las programaciones de los conservatorios y en los conciertos dentro de los auditorios. Por otra parte, se analiza la gran aportación al repertorio del violín de este elenco de compositoras destacadas de su época, así como su contribución respecto al cambio paradigmático del rol de la mujer en la música hasta 1950. Los resultados revalorizan las figuras artísticas y creadoras de dicho elenco de compositoras, al mismo tiempo que ponen de relieve su repercusión, tanto en el repertorio del violín, como en los cambios que ayudaron a provocar en el rol paradigmático de la mujer dentro del mundo de la música., Throughout this doctoral thesis, through maieutic, as well as historical and hermeneutic methods, the decisive role of 15 great European composers from 1850 to 1950 are analyzed, which are however frequently forgotten in music books in conservatory programming and concerts within auditoriums. On the other hand, we analyze the great contribution to the repertoire of the violin of this cast of outstanding composers of its time, as well as their contribution to the paradigmatic change of the role of women in music until 1950. The results revalue the artistic and creative figures of this cast of composers while highlighting their impact, both with respect to the violin´s repertoire, and the changes they helped to bring about in the paradigmatic role of women within the world of music.

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The contemporary “global society” (Habermas) shows evidences of a new historical paradigm with multifarious – economical, social, cultural and political – implications. This paper tries to dissect, throughout different axes of analysis, the contradictions and puzzling aspects inherent to the global techno-economic status quo and the growing instrumental rationality (Horkheimer & Adorno). It also attempts to scrutinize cultural-political alternatives to the current “res publica mundialis”, which has created a hybrid public sphere devoid of critical consciousness and “cultural-political imagery”. In this context, the figure of the intellectual contemplated as a “representative figure” (Saïd) with the “responsibility” to be engaged with the truth and sustain human liberty values, equality and participated democracy. Therefore, as autonomous and “attached/detached” social actors, the intellectuals face the challenge of resisting against commodity culture, to stimulate cultural dialogue between distinctive value clusters in our globalised society (Benhabib) and to alert the public and political spheres for the significance of a new “civilization leap” (Naïr, Morin). In a sense, this paper stresses the compromise of the intellectuals to think about new forms and the reforms of political culture and to promote a framework for political change concerning the crucial role of culture in the quest of a more pluralistic, but not hybrid and fragmented, “glocalized” democracy. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Straipsnyje siekiama atskleisti, kokias paramos šeimai, auginančiai vaikus, politikos tendencijas Lietuvoje atskleidžia socialinės apsaugos įstatyminė bazė ir išlaidų pokyčiai pastarųjų penkiolikos metų laikotarpiu. Remiantis politikos paradigmos pokyčių samprata bandoma atsakyti į klausimą, galima kalbėti apie aiškesnes šios politikos kryptis, tam tikrus sisteminius pokyčius ar tik neesminius esamos politikos patobulinimus. Aptariama, kaip formuojasi naujos ar kodėl išlieka senosios paramos šeimai politikos paradigmos. Remiantis teisinės bazės ir išlaidų šeimos socialinei rizikai analize galima teigti, kad per 1996–2013 metų laikotarpį šeimos paramos politikoje daryta įvairių patobulinimų, koregavimų, ji reformuota. Tačiau traktuojant politikos pokytį sistemiškai, kaip tikslų, principų, instrumentų, išteklių, viešojo palaikymo vienovę, paradigminių pokyčių šeimos paramos politikoje Lietuvoje nenustatyta. The aim of this article is to evaluate the changes of Lithuanian family with children support policy during the years 1996–2013. Using concept of change of policy paradigm we try to reveal which trends of Lithuanian family support policy reflects the changes of legal social security framework and expenditure on family social support in the period 1996–2013. It is made an attempt to answer the question can we talk about clearer directions of this policy, certain systematic, paradigmatic changes or only about inessential improvements of existing policy. In the context of path dependence concept it is discussed how new paradigms of family support policy are developing or why old paradigms remain. According to the analysis of legal framework and expenditure for family social risk, during the years 1996–2013 family support policy experienced various improvements, corrections, reformings. However, if the policy change understood systematically, as the unit of objectives, principles, instruments, resources and public support, we cannot identify paradigmatic changes in this policy in Lithuania.

Disertacijos objektas – valstybės plėtros strategijos (VPS) paradigminė kaita globalizacijos sąlygomis. Pristatytas kokybiškai naujas VPS analizės modelis, pagrįstas holistine paradigma. Šiuolaikinės VPS konstruojamos kaip kokybiškai nauja politines, ekonomines, socialines, kultūrines-tapatybines veiklas integruojanti priemonė, kuri išreiškia valstybės santykį su globalia konkurencine aplinka ir poindustrinės visuomenės raidos dinamika. Strategijų konkurencinio pranašumo svorio centras slenkasi nuo materialių išteklių link intelektinėmis žiniomis grindžiamų ir jomis remiantis kuriamų strateginių pranašumų. Dėl to pirmą kartą istorijoje mažos valstybės įgyja galimybę projektuoti savo strategijas globaliose erdvėse. Globalizacijos sąlygomis didėja VPS svarba. Tikėjimas ilgalaikės vizijos perspektyva tampa valstybės jėga, kuri padeda išrasti ateitį.Vis didesnę reikšmę įgyja dėmesys holistiniams valstybės gebėjimus atskleidžiantiems kokybiniams elementams, tokiems kaip: globalizacijos refleksija; VPS struktūrinė subordinacija, susiejanti politinę valią su prioritetų įgyvendinimu; valstybės „įsitinklinimo“ gebėjimai, jos identiteto konsolidavimas ne tik valstybės geografinėje platumoje, bet ir globaliose medijų platformose; pažangiausių ekonominio konkurencingumo modelių taikymas, darni plėtra bei geras valdymas. The thesis focuses on the paradigmatic change of national long-term development strategies in the context of globalisation. Presented is a new qualitative national development strategy analysis model based on a holistic paradigm.Contemporarynational development strategies are constructed as a qualitatively new means, which integratepolitical, economic, social and cultural activities and expresses the states relationship with the global competitive environment and the post-industrial society’s dynamics. The gravity centre of strategic competitiveness is gradually moving from material resources towards knowledge-based strategic advantages. Therefore, for the first time in history, small statesare provided a unique opportunity to develop their own strategies on global dimension. The importance of long term development strategies is increasing.Faith in the long-term vision is becoming a national force, which under conditions of globalisation helps to invent the future. With paradigmatic change in strategic management, the focus in states‘ strategies is laid on holistic elements, such as: reflection of globalisation; structural subordination of the strategy; functionality via global networks; consolidation of national identitynot only in the geographical latitude of the state, but also in global media platforms; advanced models of economic competitiveness;sustainable development and good governance.

This study bridges the ideas of Boaventura de Sousa Santos with regards to the role of the public university in the construction of a project for a society, one that is counter-hegemonic to capitalist globalization and those of István Mészáros dealing with the radicality of education beyond capital. To bring together those two views of social change, the vision of Edgar Morin on the complex nature of paradigms and the social and cultural conditions for their transformation was used. The article inquires about the possibilities of production of a new knowledge rooted in the social struggles for the overthrow of the hegemony of the logic of capital and its determination over material, cultural and educational production in our society. The public university is considered a privileged space for democratizing the production of scientific knowledge and contributing to the construction of a revolutionary project of society., Este artículo hace un puente entre las ideas de Boaventura de Sousa Santos com respecto del papel de la universidad pública en la construcción de un proyecto de sociedad contrahegemónico a la globalización capitalista, y las ideas de István Mészáros, a respecto de la radicalidad de una educación para más allá del capital. En la costura de estas dos visiones del cambio social, utilizamos la visión de Edgar Morin sobre la naturaleza compleja de los paradigmas y las condiciones socioculturales de su transformación. Se indagan aquí las posibilidades de producción de un nuevo conocimiento enraizado en las luchas sociales por la superación de la hegemonía de la lógica del capital y de su determinación sobre la producción material, cultural y educacional de nuestra sociedad. La universidad pública es considerada un espacio privilegiado de democratización de la producción del saber científico y de contribución a la construcción de un proyecto de sociedad revolucionario., Este artigo faz uma ponte entre as idéias de Boaventura de Sousa Santos, a respeito do papel da universidade pública na construção de um projeto de sociedade contrahegemônicoà globalização capitalista, e as idéias de István Mészáros, a respeito da radicalidade de uma educação para além do capital. Na costura dessas duas visões da mudança social, utilizamos a visão de Edgar Morin sobre a natureza complexa dos paradigmas e as condições socioculturais de sua transformação. Indagam-se aqui as possibilidades de produção de um novo conhecimento enraizado nas lutas sociais pela superação da hegemonia da lógica do capital e de sua determinação sobre a produção material, cultural e educacional de nossa sociedade. A universidade pública é considerada como espaço privilegiado de democratização da produção do saber científico e de contribuição à construção de um projeto de sociedade revolucionário.

Las organizaciones han estado ancladas a la concepción newtoniana-cartesiana del mundo: sus estructuras y el pensamiento de quienes las conforman han buscado sólo dar respuesta a los objetivos organizacionales desde el ángulo de lo establecido, sin preguntarse qué habrá más allá de esa línea divisoria de un mundo empresarial que se ha hecho endogámico, egoísta y filosóficamente inaceptable; en ese proceso se ha ido perdiendo la necesidad de establecer entre sus miembros y la comunidad una relación dialógica, que anhele la bidireccionalidad, el enriquecimiento de su talento humano; que permita dar el salto cualitativo a mayores cimas de humanismo y de productividad empresarial; para ello es perentorio el establecimiento de la denominada transcomplejidad, que permita levantar las bases de organizaciones efectivas, sólidas, proactivas y pertinentes; es por ello que para alcanzar la meta se planteó una investigación cualitativa, bajo la modalidad teórico-hermenéutica, que sirvió de base para la reflexión filosófica, epistemológica y para la interpretación de los fenómenos estudiados, de ello resultó la Teoría de los modelos organizativos transcomplejos como aspiración socio-eco-planetaria, que podría abrir la posibilidad de nuevos espacios para la reflexión y la comprensión del hecho organizacional, así como para el cambio paradigmático en el pensamiento del talento humano, porque sólo así se erigirá el ámbito ideal en donde lo humano no esté en discrepancia con lo meramente maquinal, sino que produzca la sinergia, la sumatoria exponencial de los esfuerzos, así como organizaciones verdaderamente interrelacionadas en la búsqueda del crecimiento compartido. Organizations have been anchored to the Newtonian-Cartesian concept of the world: its structure and the thoughts of those who make it up, only search for answers to the organizational objectives from the angle of the established. They do not ask what is beyond this dividing line of a business world that has become endogamous, selfish and philosophically unacceptable; this process has been loosing the need to establish from among its members and the community a relation of dialogue that looks for bi-directionality, the enrichment of human talent that permits taking a qualitative jump over higher peaks of humanism and business productivity; for this reason, establishing the so called transcomplexity that permits raising the bases of effective, solid, proactive and pertinent organizations is imperative; to reach the goal, a qualitative research under the theoretical hermeneutic modality that serves as a base for philosophical and epistemological reflection, and for the interpretation of the studied phenomena was undertaken, from this, the Theory of Transcomplex Organizational Models as Socio-Eco-Planetary Aspiration resulted that will make possible the opening of new spaces for reflection and understanding of the organizational facts; it is hoped that transcomplexity opens new spaces for research, for the paradigmatic change in the thought of human talent because only this way an ideal environment can be raised where the human does not disagree with the merely mechanical, but produces the synergy, the exponential summation of all the effort, because only this way can truly interrelated organizations in search of shared growth be reached. 63-73 rigilo99@hotmail.com

Es necesario repensar la situación de la universidad en su doble cometido de adaptar la sociedad y de adaptarse a ella. Hay que afrontar los desafíos del presente, superando la separación entre la cultura humanista y la científica, por las sendas de la transdicciplinariedad. Se trata de cómo plantear una reforma de la universidad que no sea meramente programática, sino paradigmática, que concierne no sólo a los conocimientos y los aprendizajes sino a la aptitud de los estudiantes para organizar el conocimiento., It is necessary to rethink the situation of the university in its double duty of adapting society and adapting to society. The challenges of the present must be faced, overcoming the separation between Humanist and scientific culture, along interdisciplinary paths. This involves a reform of the university based not merely on programmes but rather on paradigms which concern not only knowledge and learning but also the aptitude of students to organize knowledge., Grupo de Investigación Antropología y Filosofía (SEJ-126). Universidad de Granada

La situación del mundo contemporáneo es una referencia importante para entender la problemática que caracteriza a la práctica escolar cotidiana. Allí, los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje, basados en los fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos de la Modernidad para transmitir conocimientos, acusan fuertes debilidades ante las complejas realidades del momento actual. Por tanto, su renovación se puede apoyar en la innovación paradigmática que promueve la elaboración del conocimiento desde acciones formativas contextualizadas en la realidad sociohistórica. The situation in our contemporary world is an important reference to understand the problematic characterizing daily school practice. There, teaching and learning processes, based on the theoretical and methodological basis of Modernity to transmit knowledge, have strong weaknesses when facing the complex realities of our current time. Therefore, its renovation can be supported on paradigmatic innovation promoting the elaboration of knowledge from educational contextualized actions in socio-historic reality.

Tendo como pano de fundo o processo de exponencial crescimento económico que tem pautado a Madeira e as suas decorrentes implicações nas complexas relações ambiente-sociedade, este artigo procura cogitar a modernidade Madeirense sob o signo de uma interpretação qualitativa, ou não convencional, do desenvolvimento que coloque a tónica nas suas dimensões humanas e ecológicas, garante da própria sustentabilidade dos investimentos realizados. En se basant sur le processus de croissance économique exponentielle qui caractérise Madère et sur ses implications sur les relations complexes entre environnement et société, cet article a pour objectif d’aborder la modernité de Madère, sous le signe d’une interprétation qualitative, ou non conventionnelle, du développement qui met l’accent sur les dimensions humaines et écologiques, garant de la soutenabilité des investissements réalisés. Teniendo como fondo el proceso de crecimiento económico exponencial que se ha desarrollado en Madera, y sus consecuentes implicaciones en las complejas relaciones ambiente-sociedad, este artículo busca refleccionar sobre la modernidad Maderense bajo el signo de una interpretación cualitativa, o no convencional, de desarrollo que enfoque su atención en las dimensiones humanas y ecológicas, garantizando que las inversiones realizadas sean sustentables.

This article is the vehicle for purposing a model for mapping the processual change associated with disciplinary and paradigmatic development. Change of this sort is contingent on the degree of consistency achieved within theory groups. Consistency, in this case, is equated theory and paradigm dominance. The symbolic interactionist tradition supplies the assumptions on which the model is grounded Examination of the model is accomplished by contrasting it with Thomas Kuhn's theory. The recent history of library and information science education in the U.S. serves as context and exemplar for application of the model. RESUMEN: Este artículo sirve de vehículo para la propuesta de un modelo que describa los cambios progresivos relacionados con el desarrollo de disciplinas y paradigmas. Este tipo de cambios depende directamente del grado de consistencia alcanzado por los grupos teóricos. Consistencia, en este caso, equivale al predominio de teoría y de paradigma. Los presupuestos en que se basa nuestro modelo son aportados por la tradición del interaccionismo simbólico. El análisis de este modelo se realiza mediante su comparación con las teorías de Thomas Kuhn. La historia reciente de la Enseñanza de la Biblioteconomía y Documentación en EEUU sirve como contexto y como ejemplo sobre el que aplicar este modelo.

School physics curiculum based on ideas of moderate constructivism is in Croatia officcialy accepted as one of two equally validated choices. It started in 1985. in primary schools (7th and 8th class) and in 1992. in gymnasium (9th-12th classes). Here we report about its development, some specific characterictics, teachers attitudes and its present status in school teaching. It turned out that constructivisticaly oriented approach give fascinating results in those cases where it is applied. But its implementation in school practice on a broader scale is a long lasting process. It is mainly due to a large percentage of older (already existing) teachers who have not been trained in constructivist teaching during their study, and who already addapted some of traditional ways of teaching. Switching to constructivist philosophy represent a conceptual change for them, with all difficulties which such change contains. Some efforts which are made in order to make this change of paradigm easier for teachers are disscused (developing of constructivist oriented textbooks, bianual national symposia in physics education with active participation of teachers etc.).Younger teachers, who were acquainted with constructivist ideas and were using them in teaching practice during their study, have not such problems. The great majority of them is strongly inclined to constructivist approach and use it in their teaching. teacher, traditional teaching, conceptual change, paradigmatic change.