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In modern applied mathematics, engineering, and the physiological world, the concept of peristalsis is of great significance. The present article concentrates on the peristaltic movement of Carreau-Yasuda fluid through planner micro-channel under the influence of applied magnetic field and partial slip conditions. The governing system of equations are nondimensionalized and transformed using basic assumptions such as long wavelength and low Reynolds number. A bulti-in route "ND solve" in Mathematica exercised to solve obtained nonlinear coupled equations with appropriate boundary conditions. Obtained results are elucidated by plotting graphs for different physiological constraints such as velocity, temperature, and concentration. Physical characteristics such as skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are discussed via table results. The typical character of this work e.g. flow index parameter exhibits that the apparent fluid viscosity becomes high when it has a higher value due to which fluid faces more resistance and the presence of a higher magnetic effect predicts the decreasing behavior on velocity. Additionally, the trapping phenomenon explains bolus movement and are discussed briefly.

Yoni Srava is an annoying symptom that usually reflects infective conditions of genital tract in females. One of the Yonivyapada having Yonisrava as its prominent symptom is Kaphaja Yonivyapada which can be co-related to Trichomoniasis or Candidiasis infections. In Kaphaja Yonivyapada, symptoms of itching along with sticky and unctuous discharges per vaginum have been illustrated. The patient may experience either mild and dull pain or no pain at all. In severe Trichomonas infection, there is mild to moderate pain at the genital organs due to inflammatory changes, though in most cases, it may be painless. Considering all the symptoms, mentioned by Acharya Charaka and others, the Kaphaja Yonivyapada can be closely compared with Trichomonas Vaginitis. A 46 years old female patient was presented with the complaints of itching in vulvar region and white discharge per vaginum since 3 months. On clinical evaluation, ulceration was present on bilateral labia minora along with strawberry spots on vaginal walls, yellowish-white discharge and cervical congestion. Aim and Objective: To study the efficacy of Sthanik Chikitsa along with oral Ayurvedic formulations in Kaphaja Yonivyapada (Trichomoniasis). Nimbadi Kshaya Yoni Dhavan followed by Mahanimba Taila Pichu twice a day for seven days along with oral herbal formulation is prescribed to the patient. Results: After completion of the treatment protocol patient got relief in her symptoms like itching in vulvar region and white discharge per vaginum. Conclusion: In Kaphaja Yonivyapada, especially Trichomonas Vaginitis Ayurvedic management by the use of Mahanimba (Melia azedarach) containing formulations for Sthanik Chikitsa are quite effective as Mahanimba is having Krimighna and Kandughna properties.

Personal computers and computer networks have become increasingly vulnerable to numerous types of attacks since the introduction of the Internet. Information has evolved into a valuable asset that must be pro- tected from cyber-attacks. Privacy may be violated, and vital data may be destroyed as a result of the attack. Typically, the attacks are brought on by a failure to put security rules in place and to use easily available security tools Firewall, Intrusion Detection System, and Intrusion Prevention Systems are some of the security solutions that are accessible. Each tool comes with its own set of features. its characteristics, benefits, and drawbacks

Mucoraceae are ubiquitous fungi and are found in, soil, air, contaminated water and hospital environments too. These fungi usually gain entry into host through respiratory tract and sinuses either by direct spread or by angioinvasion. Major sites of infection are sinuses, lungs, skin, brain, and gastrointestinal tract. From sinus it may invade maxilla causing osteomyelitis of jaw. Mucormycosis is an opportunistic infection and the major risk factors include poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (DM), iron overload, prolonged corticosteroid use and immunocompromised status. CORONA virus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is an infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The majority of patients have a good prognosis, but some patients become critically ill and even deaths occur. Disease itself decreases cell mediated immunity and increases iron load in covid patients. For treatment of Covid-19 corticosteroids, antiviral drugs and immunomodulatory drugs are being used. Steroid reduces inflammation in covid 19 patients, but it pushes up the blood sugar which causes ketoacidosis, increases iron load, affects cell mediated immunity and favours the mucor mycosis growth. So, there are reported increasing cases of mucormycosis in post COVID-19 patients. Present study includes 25 reported cases of mucormycosis with jaw osteomyelitis in post covid patients with respect to clinical characteristics, past medical history, comorbidities medication received during covid 19, radiographic feature, lab diagnostic methods, histopathological reports, and treatment. So as to gain an insight of this disease as early diagnosis of mucor mycosis and treatment which can significantly reduce the mortality and morbidity of mucormycosis patients

Background: Preoperatively, reliable diagnosis of the amount of dissemination of a colorectal cancer not only reveals the probable outcome but also aids care. There have been few studies on the use of spiral computed tomography (CT) pneumocolon for pre-operative staging of colorectal cancer. Aims and Objectives: Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate colonic masses and determine the accuracy of spiral CT pneumocolon in staging colonic carcinomas. Materials and Methods: This prospective and hospital-based study was conducted for 2 years of period at the Department of Radiodiagnosis and comprised 75 patients who were sent for CT abdomen. All patients of all ages referred for CT examination with symptoms and/or clinical suspicion of colonic cancer, suspected colonic tumor, blockage, or stricture on barium studies or colonoscopies, or worrisome sonographic abnormalities, including colonic wall thickening and other features indicative of colon cancer were included in the study. Results: The predominated gender is male (63%) than female (37%). The observations reveal that, in malignant diseases, bleeding per rectum was the most prevalent symptom, while discomfort in the abdomen was the most common symptom in benign pathologies. CT pneumocolon correctly diagnosed cancer in all 57 patients, although three benign lesions were incorrectly categorized as malignant. The sensitivity and specificity for differentiating benign from malignant lesions were both 100% (57/57) and 83.3% (15/18). Conclusion: CT pneumocolon looks to be a non-invasive and quick inquiry that clearly displays the lumen of the colon, wall of the colon, surrounding structures, extraluminal component of colonic lesions, and metastases and gives useful information preoperatively.

Phosphorus is essential to all forms of life and its contribution towards aiding the native soil fertility and sustaining it, is well known. With passage of time, P added to soil undergoes transformation into various unavailable forms. Native P compounds, some being highly insoluble are mostly unavailable for plant uptake. The availability of phosphorus to the plants depends on soil properties, soil pH, soluble iron, aluminum and manganese, calcium minerals, organic matter, activities of microorganisms thus availability of P may vary according to soil types. Knowing the changes in P fractions especially in low and in high P status soils is much more important for P availability to plant. Therefore, the release behaviour of phosphorus and its fraction in different P status soils was assessed over 5 weeks under laboratory incubation periods using a sequential fractionation procedure. The results of the experiment revealed that the content of available P and different P fractions were higher in high P status soil as compared to low P status soil. Among the various P fractions, Ca-P was the dominant fraction in both soils. The release of available P was first increased up to 21 and 28 days in low and high P status soil, respectively and the release of different forms of P fractions in both soils increased up to 28 days after incubation and then decreased with further increase in incubation period.

This research paper contains detailed statistics about the robotic methods and systems. Artificial intelligence is increasing in the marketplace. The market is receiving totally depending on artificial intelligence for responsibility the multifaceted tasks. Robotics is a greatest famous division in the area of manufacturing and sciences. All engineers are taking attention to make a robot. It can do a certain task and can give optimum result for the given task. Every robotic engineer is trying to mark a robot with 0% error but it is not possible at the current technological state. It will give you the correct answer for every question without any error. It uses its database for, how it works and how it senses works. It will be enough for getting good information about robotics and devices along with the system of robots

Sampling frames are mostly incomplete in large scale surveys. This paper suggests the use of probability proportional to size with replacement (PPSWR) sampling scheme for estimation of population mean with an incomplete frame. The variance of the estimators has been obtained and its efficiency has been compared with Agarwal and Gupta (2008) estimator when the frame is not complete. The results obtained have been illustrated with the help of hypothetical data. The problem of determining optimum sample size and retainment factor has also been discussed using a suitable linear cost function.

The current study emphasises a new approach to the peristaltic transport of Eyring-Powell fluid through a uniform channel. The study is done while considering the influence of variable liquid properties and wall properties through a uniform inclined channel, and the flow problem is developed mathematically. The study uses low Reynolds number and long-wavelength approximations to simulate no-slip conditions on the channel walls. The solutions are derived using a traditional double perturbation technique, and the nonlinear governing equations are normalized by employing pertinent non-dimensional factors. Graphical representations of the impact of significant physical parameters, such as velocity, temperature, concentration, and streamlines, are depicted and discussed. It was noted that Eyring-Powell fluid parameters and variable liquid properties have major impact during the peristalsis.

The aim of this review paper is to know more about the service quality of Banking Sector available in Konkan Region through literature survey. In the 21st century, service quality and customer satisfaction are directly proportional to each other for achieving success in any industry and the same is applied to the banking sector in India. Customers play an important role in Banking Industry in India. Therefore Banks in India are responsible to fulfill needs of customers to retain survival and success in today’s modern era. Success of any organization depends upon their services quality and customer relationship with an organization. Retention of customer and business is totally depends upon services provided by banks to solve the complaints of customers instantly. This review paper summarizes the relationship between services quality, customer satisfaction and success of organization through literature survey in Banking Sector.

Cellulitis and Psoriasis are common bacterial skin infections. Psoriasis affects 1-3 percent of the world's population. According to Ayurveda, it is a curable disease, and leech therapy, a bloodletting method is considered the effective method in the treatment of psoriasis and cellulitis with no side effects. To evaluate the efficacy of leech therapy, Ayurvedic medicine, and lifestyle modification in the management of psoriasis complicated by recurrent cellulitis and other co-morbidities. This is a case report of a known diabetic and obese 39-year-old female patient. An Ayurvedic management plan and dietary modifications with leech application were administered to the patient. Leech application was done in five sessions with regular follow-ups. Leech therapy showed outstanding results in producing symptomatic relief for patients. It has helped the patient in reducing the condition of Psoriasis and Cellulitis with no common steroid therapy complications like weight gain and hyperglycemia. In this study, leech therapy showed excellent results in producing symptomatic relief for the patient. Leech therapy has a considerable anti-psoriatic and anticellulite impact without causing any toxicity or side effects.

A pandemic caused by novel corona virus begins in end of year 2019 in Wuhan, China and within few months it emerged and affected the whole world. To providing information about health care, sanitation to the rural people of India, we conducted an Awareness, Cleanliness and Practice (ACP) survey among the rural people of Delhi-NCR, India in April 2022. An analytic cross-sectional survey with questionnaires administered online to the rural population including Farmers, Janitors, Health Care Workers (HCW), House wives, Students in Delhi-NCR, India. All Participants were voluntarily participated and the percentage of ACP scores was categorized as good and poor. However, Independent predictors like Awareness of severe acute respiratory disorder were ascertained using a binary logistic regression model. The questionnaire was online administered among rural people of Delhi-NCR, India. There were 400 study participants with mean age 32.37±8.15 yrs, interquartile range 28–32 yrs and males 63.4% with graduate education. Most participants were farmers (30%), Janitors (20 %), Health Care Workers, and 20% of House wives and students. All results were expressed in mean ± standard deviation for Awareness, Cleanliness and Practice (ACP) and their scored were 55.18± 12.38, 63.15% ± 5.16 and 45.02% ± 14.2 respectively. Apart from this 376 participants (56.25%) had good awareness (GA) about the hygiene, 32.5% had good knowledge about the cleanliness (KC), and 70% participants following good practices (GP). Despite of this around 58 % did not agree that vaccines can protect them from COVID-19 which as originated from animals and 46 % thought it was a manmade virus and China is behind it. Although, in case of factor fear most of participants (86%) gives 9 out of 10 and 75% agreed that taking basic precautions like wash hand with soap, wear mask, social distancing and vaccines can protect them from this pandemic. However some the respondents (56%) blamed govt election policies and holy bath in kumbh in Haridwar is the main reason of spreading the COVID19 in 2021 in India. One in seven people had public stigma towards infected person and recovered patient from the virus.

Background- An individual’s personality is influenced by both human nature and culture. The culture is usually introduced at birth, developed over time, and nurtured as they grow up. India is one of the most densely populated country known for rich culture and heritage. Indian students are moving overseas for higher studies as they are attracted by global professional opportunities and world-class universities to get their dream job and achieve better career prospects. ‘ Objective- The purpose of this study is to understand whether the Indian students are well equipped to adjust in the foreign environment despite of experiencing culture differences when they reach host country. Design- The cultural characteristics of individuals are described by Hofstede’s cultural dimension theory, which is a framework for cross-cultural communication, developed by Geert Hofstede (Hofstede (2011)). The three sample countries chosen for the study are USA, Australia and Canada based on the justification that maximum proportion of Indian students are going to these above-mentioned countries for pursuing their higher education. Method- This paper is based on secondary research and highlights the indicating factors which are sufficient for the sustainability of Indian students in host country. Result- The findings indicate that although Indian students do experience cultural differences but still, they are able to sustain in different cultural settings. Conclusion- The reason behind this sustenance is the cultural values which have been developed in Indians during childhood due to which it is not difficult for them to adjust in new settings.

Pemberian bantuan hukum merupakan jaminan atas hak-hak masyarakat untuk memperoleh pelayanan yang setara di muka hukum, termasuk di dalamnya hak-hak seseorang yang telah melakukan pembunuhan berencana yang didakwa dengan hukuman pidana berat seperti sudah diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan. Adapun rumusan masalah (1) Bagaimanakah pengaturan bantuan hukum terhadap tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana (2) Bagaimanakah akibat hukum terhadap tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana yang tidak mendapatkan bantuan hukum. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dan meneliti tentang pengaturan dan akibat apabila bantuan hukum terhadap tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana tidak mendapatkan bantuan hukum dan Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Legal Aid terfokus kepada bantuan hukum kepada warga masyarakat golongan tidak mampu atau miskin, Legal Assistance terfokus kepada bantuan hukum kepada semua kalangan warga masyarakat baik yang mampu dalam hal memberikan prestasi maupun kalangan masyarakat tidak mampu atau miskin dan Legal Service memiliki konsep yang lebih besar lagi yaitu sebuah pelayanan kepada masyarakat Metode yang dipergunakan untuk menyusun skripsi ini ialah metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan analisis ahli hukum. Dalam hasil penelitian ini pemberian bantuan hukum diberikan bukan hanya untuk membela kepentingan pelaku tindak pidana untuk bebas dari segala tuntutan tetapi untuk memenuhi hak pelaku tindak pidana dan juga untuk menjalankan fungsi UU dan apabila dalam tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana tidak mendapatkan bantuan hukum maka dapat dinyatakan batal demi hukum (null and void). Adapun saran yang diberikan dalam penelitian ini yaitu perlu adanya kesadaran para penegak hukum untuk lebih transparan sehingga tidak terjadi diskriminasi dalam pemberian bantuan hukum.

Rifabutin is wide spectrum antimicrobial agent, effective in the treatment of infection caused by M. tuberculosis, M. avium and M. Leprae and also used in the treatment of multidrug resistant TB. Rifabutin is very poorly water soluble drug (0.19mg/ml) with high permeability. For enhancement of solubility of a hydrophobic drug has a significant role in the development of a liquid dosages form. The main purpose of this study was to improve the solubility of Rifabutin by co solvency method. Different blends were prepared by usinf different solvents and surfactants in different proportions have been used to enhance the solubility of Rifabutin like water, phosphate buffer, ethanol, propylene glycol and PEG 400, Tween 80 and Brij 35. In thisit was found that the blend 90% PEG and 10% co solvents (ethanol and propylene glycol) give highest solubility and among the surfactant systems, Tween 80 had shown enhanced solubility of Rifabutin. Solubility of rifabutin was determined by preparing saturated solutions of rifabutin in pure solvents and in mixture of co solvents with or without surfactants. It observed that the blend of 90% PEG and 10% ethanol and propylene glycol had shown the better improvement of solubility when compared with the other solvents and co solvents as it caused a noteworthy enhancement in solubility of Rifabutin that was 1.6803 mg/ml.The above observations lead to propose that the addition of small amount of polar solvent enhances the solubility of drug.Thus, the study generated an important array of data to compare the effect of these cosolvents on the aqueous solubility of rifabutin.

Background: The morphology of the epithelium of oral lips comprised of keratinized external epithelium (anteriorly) and non-keratinized or sometimes parakeratinized mucous membrane epithelium (posteriorly). Aims and Objectives: Knowledge of morphometry of lip lining helps in deciding the best site for choosing graft for its better uptake during several dermal grafting procedures following trauma or tumor excision following craniofacial cancers or cosmetic procedures. It also proves useful in dermatopharmacokinetics, in which we monitor the effect of drugs acting on connective tissue by trans labial route and lip augmentation surgeries (esthetic surgery), where care is to be given for dermal fillers not to be injected in muscle core of lip. Materials and Methods: Ten human male cadavers were procured in the Department of Anatomy, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. The rectangle-shaped skin specimen through lower lip which included skin, mucocutaneous junction, and mucosa was stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain. Total of 30 slides were prepared. Thus, readings were obtained for three regions, respectively, with the help of CatCam E-series HD cameras which were installed in light microscope. The following conclusions were drawn for various parameters. Results: Thickness of skin (epidermis+dermis) of lip ranged from 880 μm to 1171 μm among males. Epidermal thickness increases on moving from cutaneous region to mucosa region of lip. Lowest contribution of stratum corneum in thickness of epidermis was observed in vermillion region, while highest contribution was observed in skin region. It was found to be absent in mucosa region of lip. Rete pegs at dermo epidermal junction was found to be maximum in vermillion region and minimum in skin region. Its depth increased as we move from skin to mucosa region of lip. Pattern of rete pegs also showed a characteristic feature in every region of lip. In cutaneous part of lip, rete pegs were shorter and blunt. In vermillion region, they were narrow, long, and slender, while they were longest with blunt end in mucosa region. Depth of dermis was found to be maximum in skin region while minimum in vermillion region. It ranged between 707 μm and 1100 μm. Conclusion: Care should be taken while using dermal fillers in lip augmentation surgeries, especially in vermillion region due to its close proximity to musculature in core of lip.

Objective: Persea Americana methanolic seed extracts are considered for the present study to access its efficacy, urolithiasis is inducedby administering the male rats with calcium oxalate.Methods: Calcium oxalate urolithiasis is induced in male rats by means of hyperoxaluria model by administering ethylene glycol of0.75% v/v, with 1% w/v ammonium chloride supplemented in drinking water for 3 days followed by 0.75% v/v of ethylene glycol for25 days. The PAMSE is administered to urolithiasis induced test group at dose of 150mg/kg respectively for 28 days.Results: As anticipated after 28 days the calcium oxalate is deposited significantly in the kidney which is associated with the increaseof Urinary oxalate, Urine calcium & magnesium levels, serum uric acid, creatinine in urolithiasis control groups. ACP, ALP, AST &ALT well known biochemical parameters are seen to be increased with decreased level of LDH assessed using kidney homogenate,copiously confirming the induction of urolithiasis , its promising to know that the PAMSE intubation to the test group daily decreasedthe quantity of formation of calcium oxalate and all the biochemical changes induced by urolithiasis is reverted.Conclusion: Results from this study shows that PAMSE is effective inhibitor of crystallization of calcium oxalate comparable to thestandard Cystone in dose dependent mode. Therefore indicating PAMSE’s significant antiurolithiatic activity.

When it comes to human rights violations, violence against women is a major problem. In the last two decades, violence against women has become the world's most serious scourge. Despite the government's taking all necessary steps, daily violence is increasing. Domestic violence is a global issue that cuts across cultures, religions, classes, and countries. Despite its widespread occurrence, such violence has long been perceived as an inescapable matter of legal or political concern. Because of the cultural creation of public-private divides, domestic abuse against women is hidden. Women's violence has a variety of harmful repercussions. Lower socioeconomic status, dysfunctional families, and gender inequality are all instances. It causes estrangement and separation from couples, divorce, physical health problems, and emotional and psychological health problems in women's daily lives. Education and job for women help to reduce violence against women to a larger extent. Mass awareness campaigns organized by women activists and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are critical in reducing violence against women.

Technology and dentistry have combined to produce amazing results. To attain the maximum success rates, the patient's needs andtechnology have been weaved together. For the dentist, the assistant, and the patient, it offers a number of benefits. Technology hasnot only uplifted the accuracy and intricacy of dentistry but has reduced the burden on the clinician as well. Traditionally, with onlytwo- dimensional X-ray data available, establishing correct diagnosis and an appropriate treatment plan could be arduous; therapiesessentially relied on the manual skills and experience of the operator.But now, Digitalisation comes with bounty of blessings. Thespeed and simplicity of procedures, which means the patients can be in and out of the clinic with their teeth completely restored inway less time than with conventional techniques.

A series of five cobalt corrole complexes Co[(p-NO2Ph)2RCor](py)2 where R is functionalized with different aromatic aldehydes at meso positions, was examined in acetonitrile solvent. Three of the five complexes changed color to green in 10[Formula: see text] M acetonitrile solution. Their potential to sense anions was investigated using the colorimetric and spectroscopic approach in 14 different tetrabutyl ammonium salts of F[Formula: see text], CN[Formula: see text], CH3COO[Formula: see text], NO[Formula: see text], AsO[Formula: see text], AsO[Formula: see text], Cl[Formula: see text], Br[Formula: see text], I[Formula: see text], ClO[Formula: see text], H2PO[Formula: see text], S[Formula: see text], HS[Formula: see text]and PF[Formula: see text]. Co-1, Co-2 and Co-4 shows selectivity towards F[Formula: see text], CN[Formula: see text]and CH3COO[Formula: see text] by their changing of color from green or reddish-brown to dark reddish-brown. The complexes exclusively bind these three anions at their axial positions. The binding constant determination gives the number of binding species (n) >1 at less than one equivalent concentration of anions in the acetonitrile solution of the complex. A band appeared at around 735 nm, on the other hand, suggests that a bis(CN)-derivative of corrole complex could form under >1 equivalent anionic conditions. The limit of detection for the Co-4 was superior than Co-1 and Co-2, which were 0.0068 [Formula: see text]M for CN[Formula: see text], 0.0082 [Formula: see text]M for F[Formula: see text]and 0.0177 [Formula: see text]M for CH3COO[Formula: see text] ion. Although the complexes detect all three anions at less than 1 equivalent of the anion addition, the Co-1 and Co-2 are more selective towards CH3COO[Formula: see text]ion, whereas Co-4 selectively detects CN[Formula: see text]anion at larger equivalents of these anions.

Novel hydroxyanthracene-based terminal alkynes

Blood is a key fluid which circulates inside the body with various significant benefits. One of the most important role of it is respiration, excretion, maintenance of normal acid base balance, nutrition, regulation of water balance, regulation of body temperature, transport of hormones, vitamins, salts and transportation of various essential vitamins required inside the body etc. Blood has various components present which perform various important roles. It has red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma etc. The knowledge of the function of all the blood components helps all the medical professionals to utilize it to the maximum level for the benefit of the patients. If the patient is having low haemoglobin level, we can transfuse packet red blood cells, if the patient is suffering from thrombocytopenia due to various reasons like dengue, gynaecological reasons or any other reasons we can transfuse platelets. And if patients require coagulation factors during various medical procedures we can transfuse plasma or factor IX or factor VIII to obtain immediate relief.The usage of blood and its various components has given a new dimension in the field of medical sciences. Owing to its impact and phenomenal usage in various surgeries, the department of transfusion medicine became an integral section in every hospital. A hospital without a blood bank holds a lesser relevance as compared to the hospital which is fully equipped with all the sophisticated amenities of blood bank. It all started back in 1932 after realizing the usage of blood in various treatment the first blood bank was established in Leningrad hospital. In 1937 Bernard fantus, director of therapeutics at the cook county hospital in Chicago, establishes the first hospital blood bank in the united states. Charles Richard Drew known as father of blood bank is an eminent pioneer in this field, whose work on the banking of blood products and the plans of collecting and distributing blood saved countless lives in the trenches of World War II and the wards of military and civilian hospitals.In India owing to its vast population and maximum requirements of blood. Leela Moolgaonkar, a social reformer, started the movement of voluntary blood donation camps in Mumbai from 1954. The 1960s saw many blood banks open in different cities. Though as per the various sources the first records of the voluntary blood donation started in India at Kolkata in west Bengal during world war-II.

Aflatoxins (AFs), the poly-substituted bi-furanocoumarins, are the secondary metabolites of parasiticus/flavus group of Aspergillus genus. AFs including aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) have been classified under Class I Human Carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) based on its potential hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, mutagenic, genotoxic and immunotoxic nature. Cell injury caused by AFB1 are associated with consequences of the lipid peroxidation due to the release of free radicals and thereby damaging the biological systems. It is evident that since all the cell membranes are highly rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that could act as the substrates for such reactions. The most vital among such reactions is the AFB1-induced oxidative stress and its consequent generation og reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the oxidative DNA damage. Normally AFB metabolites produced under phase 1 metabolism would pass through the Phase 2 metabolism via., glutathione-S-transferase (GST) enzymatic processes allowing further detoxification and elimination of the toxin from the human system. This review is mainly to focus the role of antioxidants in metabolizing the AFB1 and thereby preventing the free radical induced peroxidation to prevent the predisposition of normal hepatocytes into malignant.

Nursing staff performance has a significant role and effect in terms of the medical field. Employers must arrange for a nonviolent and good health workplace for all of their in-control nursing staff, as well as take reasonable precautions to minimize or reduce the danger of workplace violence, permitting for Work-related Health and Safety Duty Act. The study's goal was to look at the place of work violence against emergency nurses, as well as suggest management policies and procedures for dealing with it. The study's goal was fulfilled using a descriptive methodological technique. The research was placed at Manipal Multispecialty Hospitals' emergency department in Malleshwaram Located toward north Bengaluru in Karnataka State. An example with a sample of 120 nurses who worked in an emergency department and satisfied the inclusion criteria, as well as a Board committee sample (20 experts), completed a self-administered questionnaire that was divided into three portions: socio-demographic information about the nurses, workplace violence, and an opinion sheet Data showed that 25 percent of nurses were between the ages of 21 and 30 and The ages of 21 and 30 years, with 23.425 ages old on average. Females made up the bulk of the group (86.67%) more than one-fourth of them (62.50%) were said to be very concerned, whereas just one-third (33.34%) were said to be extremely concerned. One-quarter of them (23.34%) said they were unconcerned. Every one of the Nurses was exposed to occupational violence in 100 percent of the cases investigated, and 54.17% of them died as a result of it. Workers who had been subjected to physical violence at work were two-thirds (66.68%) females. I'm angry with how the situation was handled. Eighty-nine percent of nurses said their hospital had no rules in place. Violence in the workplace making recommendations for management rules and controls should be used and practiced in emergency rooms and should be widely communicated, Review, revision, and updating of hospital administration to all departments regularly, as required.

Diabetes mellitus defined as progressive and irreversible disease characterized by hyperglycaemia. It falls under top 5 cause of death and can led to series of diseases affecting vital organs. Type 1 diabetes is heredity disorder which leads to insufficiency of insulin in the blood. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is lifestyle dependent and occurs in later stages of life due to overweight. Excessive fat deposition in liver and pancreas leads to desensitization of receptors for insulin which leads to rise in blood glucose level. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is now known to be reversible with loss in body weight. Three methods of losing body weight are bariatric surgery, calorie restricted diet and carbohydrate restricted diet. All these methods help in reducing body fat which increases the insulin sensitivity and reduces blood glucose. Out of the three methods, carbohydrate restricted diet is proven to be most efficient.

Background: Despite several scientific efforts against COVID 19, conundrum of biomolecular deterioration in Post COVID syndrome patients are still in dark at an unprecedented scale globally and affected the patient’s health multidimensionally. It is conceivable that patients recovered from COVID-19 after second wave are at enhanced risk of secondary complications.Aim: The present study was carried out to estimate the serum vitamin D and total antioxidant activity (TAC) along withmarkers of oxi-inflammatory stress in post COVID patients diagnosed RT-PCR negative after second wave of COVID-19 andto determine their role in predicting secondary complications.Methodology: 50 subjects (30-55 years) of Delhi-NCR region were recruited and categorized into two groups (n=25 in each group; on the basis of their history of COVID infection). By using standard methods, study group parameters were estimated in Post COVID patients and statistically compared it with that of 25 non affected healthy controls by using student’s t-test.Result: Serum CRP, TNF-α, MDA and uric acid levels were significantly high (p

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the greatest dangers to public health on a worldwide scale. Even though the evolution of resistant microbes is a naturally occurring phenomenon, the excessive or improper use of antimicrobial agents has significantly impacted resistance evolution. Effective treatment techniques can be guided by rapid diagnostic tests of these resistance to detect drug-resistant microorganisms quickly, assess antimicrobial susceptibility, and bacterial infections from differentiate viral. In addition, quick diagnostic test could assist epidemiological surveillance by monitoring developing resistance to pathogenic pathogens and their transmission. Methods for AMR detection, and surveillance, includes Microscopy, PCR, DNA microarray, matrix-assisted laser desorption,Pyrosequencing, NAAT, whole genome sequencing, Immuno detection, spectroscopy, FTIR, Biosensor, and microfluidics technology. The AMR turmoil necessitates a concerted effort from researchers to improve the current approaches for treatment and diagnosis by developing novel techniques that circumvent the limitations and drawbacks of the best alternatives and conventional AST methods. This review mainly summarizes the different emerging diagnostic techniques used to detect antibiotic resistance and the mechanism of drug resistance. These emerging diagnostic strategies might improve medication development strategies and the surveillance of resistance evolution.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the primary liver cancer. Even though the incidence of HCC differs among various geographic regions, ethnicity, gender and age, it is one of the most common malignancies among Asian and African populations. It is well represented as the fourth most common cancer in the world. It is estimated that more than 80% of HCC cases are attributed due to viruses including hepatitis B and C infections. However it is also quite interesting that consumption of hazardous alcohol, dietary exposure of aflatoxin1 and hemochromatosis are also highly associated with the initiation and development of HCC. Risk factors such as AFB1 could alter the DNA upon exposure, modify the proteins and induce oxidative stress and further leading to malignant transformation of the hepatocytes. In this review we narrated the basics of the etiology and molecular mechanisms behind the involvement of AFB1 in the initiation and development of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Air Pollution Tolerance Index of Taberneamontana divericata plant of polluted road side and unpolluted park at Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India has been studied. Phytochemical test such as pH, relative water content, total chlorophyll content and total ascorbic acid of the leaf extract was measured by the standard methods. The Air pollution tolerance index (APTI) was calculated for two leaf samples, one collected from traffic polluted road side and another from a nearby unpolluted park. The study revealed that higher value of APTI of leaves of T. divericata was found at polluted road side than the leaves collected from unpolluted Park. This indicates the tolerance capacity depends on its phytochemical content i.e. pH, relative water content, total chlorophyll content and total ascorbic acid of leaf of plant.

BACKGROUND Spinal anaesthesia is the most popular and elegant approach for obstetric patients undergoing caesarean section due to its several advantages. Hypotension resulting from sympathectomy due to subarachnoid block can have detrimental effects on the foetus as well as the mother, so needs to be prevented and treated adequately. Vasopressors for the treatment of hypotension have a well-established role as vasodilatation is the primary cause of the reduction in arterial blood pressure. The primary objective of the study was to compare mephentermine and phenylephrine with respect to their clinical efficacy in maintaining arterial blood pressure during spinal anaesthesia in caesarean section and the secondary objective was to determine any untoward effects of the study drugs on the mother and foetus. METHODS This prospective, randomized, comparative, double-blind study was conducted among 90 pregnant women of ASA-I physical status having singleton pregnancies in the age group of 18-30 years undergoing elective as well as emergency caesarean section and were randomly allocated in to two groups. Group M (n=45), received 6 mg of mephenterine as an intravenous bolus (volume made up to 1 ml) and Group P (n=45), received 100 g of phenylephrine as intravenous bolus (volume made up to 1 ml) whenever hypotension occurred after spinal anaesthesia. A comparison of the mean values among the two groups was done using a student t-test. To compare more than two variables, ANOVA test was used. The p-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS The systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure remained significantly high (P < 0.05) in the phenylephrine group as compared to the mephentermine group. The phenylephrine group also showed a significant fall (P < 0.05) in heart rate as compared to the mephentermine group. CONCLUSIONS Both the drugs were effective in treating the hypotension caused by spinal anaesthesia without any adverse effects on the mother as well as on neonatal outcome but phenylephrine had a quicker onset, better maintenance of blood pressure and can be preferred in patients in whom tachycardia is undesirable.

Population has been increasing day by day and so pollution also been increasing day by day and in order to maintain the pollution in systematic manner we are developing a smart dustbin for the purpose of serving/managing the waste. In this project we aim to develop a solar powered trash compacting smart dustbin which takes the help of sensors which are incorporated with the microcontroller. The battery is the power source for this circuit, which uses solar energy to get charge and provides power to the circuit as per the requirement. In this report we will study design procedure and implement a small scale model of the garbage bin which will show the demo working of the model.

BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy and early development of cataracts are well-known ocular complications of long-standing diabetes. In recent years various researchers have reported ocular surface disorders, particularly dry eyes in diabetic patients which if left untreated may result in a variety of corneal complications. These ocular surface disorders can be clinically diagnosed by performing a detailed slit lamp examination, Schirmer's test and tear film break-up time. Our study intended at assessing tear film and ocular surface disorders in diabetic patients and study tear film function in them and compare it with non-diabetic patients. METHODS A comparative cross-sectional study was done on 100 diabetic and 100 non-diabetic patients > 30 years of age visiting OPD of health centre of tertiary care hospital of Central India. Clinical data and detailed clinical history were obtained from all subjects through direct patient interviews and reviewing of their medical records followed by a comprehensive ocular examination that included best-corrected vision, slit lamp examination, and Tear Film break up time (TBUT) & Schirmer test. RESULTS In our study, mean TBUT was found to be significantly reduced in diabetics (15.94 ± 3.8) as compared to non-diabetics (20.13 ± 6.6). No significant difference was found in the Schirmer test reading between diabetics (17.13 ± 3.20) and non-diabetics (19.20 ± 6.23). Diabetic male patients had significantly decreased mean TBUT & mean Schirmer test readings as compared to diabetic females. Mean Schirmer reading & Mean TBUT were lowest in a patients having > 20 years of DM and highest in patients having < 5 years of DM. No positive correlation was found between HbA1c (Glyosylated Haemoglobin) and diabetic retinopathy with TBUT/ Schirmer test readings. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the tear film stability was found to be affected in diabetic patients, as compared to non-diabetic subjects as evident by the lower level of TBUT in diabetic patients. Significantly reduced TBUT with no significant difference in Schirmer test reading in diabetic as compared to non-diabetic subjects might be due to a decrease in basal secretion with normal overall tear secretion. The absence of subjective symptoms of dryness in spite of decreased TBUT in the diabetic group might be due to a decrease in corneal sensitivity caused by diabetic peripheral neuropathy in diabetic patients. There was an increase in the prevalence of DES with an increasing duration of DM. Rheumatoid arthritis was found to be a risk factor for DES. Diabetic males were found to be at risk for developing dry eye syndrome. Hence it can be concluded from our study that every diabetic patient should undergo a comprehensive eye examination which should include various tests for dry eye assessing multiple tear parameters.

Ragi is the staple food grown in most parts of Almora district; it is a traditional crop of Uttarakhand region. The nutritional value and quite resilient to diverse agro-climatic adaptability have increased its demand not only in mountainous regions but also in other regions. The agricultural system of Uttarakhand hill region is mainly dependent on rainfall. Monsoon rain is the advantage of the Kharif season for Ragi cultivation, but it can tolerate drought too. Department of Agriculture, V.P.K.A.S. Almora and other concerned corporations provide certified varieties of Ragi to the farmers, which can help in increasing production in the district. Ragi has much marketing potential all over the country and can help farmers as a source of income. The present paper describes the production and production area, varieties and marketing prospects of Ragi in the Almora district. It is the most nutritious food in the region and its health benefits are also discussed in this paper. KEYWORDS: Traditional crop, Diverse, Kharif, Varities, Marketing

We report a case of unicystic ameloblastoma with mucous cell differentiation in the anterior maxilla who suffered from painful swelling for 2 months. A radiograph showed a irregular radiolucent lesion between the roots of 21, 22 and 23. Microscopic examination revealed the cystic lesion was lined with ameloblastic epithelium and goblet cells in the epithelium. The mucous cells reacted positively to PAS stain. The possible pathogenic mechanism of this case reflects the pluripotential character of the odontogenic epithelium. The prognosis is probably that expected for conventional unicystic ameloblastoma. Significance of identifying such case of mucous metaplasia in unicystic ameloblastoma is that it should be differentiated from mucous cell containing lesions like glandular odontogenic cyst and mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

The goal of Hatha yoga exercises for those with osteoarthritis in their knees. Studies on the effects of Yoga on various chronic ailments have found that these activities have a good impact on these conditions. We decided to test the effects of these workouts on knee osteoarthritis because it is fairly frequent in middle- aged people.

Cloud storage is one of the service of cloud comput- ing. Cloud storage services are commercially popular because to their advantages. It allows data owners to move data from their local computing systems to the cloud. It offers high quality and on-demand data storage services to users. A cloud is essentially a large-scale distributed system; each piece of data is replicated on multiple geographically distributed servers to achieve high availability and high performance. A cloud service provider (CSP) keeps multiple replicas for user’s data on geographically distributed servers. A main problem of using the replication technique in clouds is that it is very expensive to achieve strong consistency on a worldwide scale. In this paper, we are reviewing consistency as a service (CaaS) model, a two-level auditing architecture and a heuristic auditing strategy (HAS) that reveals as many violations as possible.

We study nonstationary frames of matrix-valued Gabor systems and wavelet systems in the matrix-valued function space [Formula: see text]. First, we show that a diagonal matrix-valued window function constitutes a frame for [Formula: see text] whenever each diagonal entry constitutes a frame for the space [Formula: see text]. This is not true for arbitrary nonzero matrix-valued function. Using this, we prove the existence of nonstationary matrix-valued Gabor frames associated with the Weyl–Heisenberg group in terms of density of real numbers. We give a representation of the frame operator of matrix-valued nonstationary Gabor system. A necessary condition with explicit frame bounds for nonstationary matrix-valued Gabor frames associated with the Weyl–Heisenberg group is given. We discuss matrix-valued frame preserving maps in terms of adjointablity, with respect to the matrix-valued inner product, of bounded linear operators acting on [Formula: see text]. It is shown that the image of a matrix-valued Gabor frame under bounded, linear and invertible operator on [Formula: see text] may not be a frame for [Formula: see text]. In this direction, we give sufficient conditions on bounded linear operators which can preserve frame conditions. Finally, we give necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of nonstationary matrix-valued wavelet frames associated with the extended affine group.

Antimicrobial resistance is a feature of the current topography of clinical sepsis, and in the future, fewer and fewer new antibiotics, especially those from novel classes1, will be developed to address these problems. Effective antimicrobial treatment is necessary to ensuring good patient outcomes. Increased duration of stay, multidrug-resistant infections, and death can result from improper or inefficient use of antibiotics. Patients in intensive care who are critically sick are at risk for antibiotic failure and secondary infections brought on by improper antibiotic usage, especially those with severe sepsis and septic shock. Providers can speed up the treatment of common intensive care unit (ICU) infections by starting active empiric antibiotic therapy based on local susceptibilities, daily review of infection signs and symptoms, and, where practical, restricting antibiotic therapy. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites change over time and no longer respond to medicines making infections harder to treat and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness and death. As a result of drug resistance, antibiotics and other antimicrobial medicines become ineffective and infections become increasingly difficult or impossible to treat. Early detection of septic patients enables the use of evidence-based therapies, including goal-directed resuscitation, rapid antibiotic administration, and activated protein C. It may be simpler to provide appropriate care for sepsis if this clinical entity is divided into several phases and new delivery structures that span traditional boundaries are implemented. More specialized treatments will be possible with a better understanding of the molecular underpinnings of the illness process.