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Malgré le caractère disruptif qui lui est souvent attribué, l’économie de plateforme s’inscrit aussi dans la continuité de l’externalisation et de la désintégration de la figure de l’entreprise qui s’observe également à travers l’essor de la catégorie de l’entreprise-réseau. Elle accentue ainsi une situation où l’entreprise échappe à la fonction d’interlocuteur patronal, ce qui implique une mise en question des institutions des relations professionnelles et des répertoires d’action collective. En mettant en évidence les caractéristiques respectives de l’entreprise-réseau et de l’économie de plateforme, nous interrogeons les réponses syndicales par rapport à la première et en discutons l’applicabilité dans l’économie de plateforme, qui se présente à présent comme une arène privilégiée pour l’analyse et l’expérimentation des relations professionnelles à venir. The Quebec model of industrial relations established in the 1960s led to a strengthening of unions both in workplaces and at the political level. Workers benefited from collective bargaining and unions became key political interlocutors. From the 1980s onwards, the changes in capitalism have weakened standard employment relations and hampered union organizing. Unions also lost their influence with respect to the state. Advances for workers were mainly gained through the protection of individual rights and struggles led by other social movements. This situation questions both the political strategies of the labour movement and the unions’ ability to represent the diversity of the workforce. A pesar del carácter disruptivo que con frecuencia se le atribuye, la economía de plataforma también se inscribe en la continuidad de la externalización y de la desintegración de la figura de la empresa, que asimismo se observa a través del auge de la categoría de la empresa red. De esta manera, acentúa una situación en que la empresa elude la función de interlocutor patronal, lo que implica un cuestionamiento de las instituciones respecto a las relaciones profesionales y repertorios de acción colectiva. Al poner en evidencia las respectivas características de la empresa red y de la economía de plataforma, cuestionamos las respuestas sindicales respecto a la primera y discutimos su aplicación en la economía de plataforma, que se presenta en la actualidad como un ámbito privilegiado para el análisis y la experimentación de las relaciones profesionales del futuro.

Globalisation and increased competition pushes companies to grow outside political and geographical boundaries, frequently forcing them to increase product diversification and optimise their relation with potential and effective partners and customers. In this scenario, implementing agile collaboration networks with business partners is a requirement. In this article the authors propose a collaborative framework based on a model for Historical, Present and Future evaluations, which in turn is based on a Dynamic Multi-criteria Decision Method using software agents and the Cloud for Collaborative Networked and Virtual Organization Synthesis. The model uses a dynamic decision approach for supplier and business partner evaluation, enabling software agents to autonomously capture business opportunities, select business partners/suppliers, award and process associated orders., The work is supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), Grant No. UID/CEC/00319/2013.

International audience; In the networked enterprise, the interoperability is seen as a requirement for ensuring the collaboration among partners. Therefore, an assessment for identifying the enterprise's strengths and weakness regarding interoperability is paramount. It involves determining the gaps between where enterprises envision themselves in the future and the enterprises' current states. Indeed, a variety of approaches were proposed in the literature. However, based on surveys, existing methods are assessing specific aspects of interoperability and focusing only on one kind of measurement. The objective of this work is, therefore, to propose a holistic assessment approach to support the interoperability development. To do so, the criteria regarding the interoperability aspects and measurements were identified and are being formalised. The enterprise systems associated with the criteria are being modelled based on Enterprise Architecture techniques. This modelling supports the identification of existing interdependencies between criteria. Finally, case studies will be used to validate the proposed approach.

International audience; To handle challenges such as globalization, new technologies and fast-changing environments, enterprises are progressively collaborating with others and becoming part of a Networked. In this context, Enterprise Interoper-ability (EI) is a crucial requirement that needs to be respected by enterprises when starting a collaborative relationship. As soon as this requirement is not achieved, EI becomes a problem that must be solved. To avoid these problems and consequently, take corrective actions on time, enterprises need to predict and solve potential problems before they occur. The Maturity Model for Enterprise Interoperability (MMEI) was proposed to assess the interoperability potential of an enterprise as well as to help enterprises evaluating the suitability of partners in an interoperability context. However, this method has some inconveniences such as the lack of formal definitions specifying the boundaries between each maturity level. Hence the objective of this paper is to formalize the MMEI maturity levels boundaries by defining formal measures. Finally, a case study is proposed to validate the defined measures.

Best student paper award; International audience; Challenges such as globalization and novel technologies are changes-drivers that require transformation within enterprises and their environments. To handle that, enterprises are progressively collaborating with others and becoming part of a Networked Enterprises (NE). In this collaborative and transdisciplinary context, one of the difficulties faced by companies willing to work together, are the interoperability problems between their systems. In order to avoid these problems and consequently, take corrective actions on time, enterprises need to predict and solve potential problems before they occur. To deal with that, evaluations can be performed to assess interoperability and therefore identify strengths and weaknesses of the considered enterprise systems. Despite, numerous interoperability assessment methods existing in the literature, many of them address only one interoperability aspect. In addition, they can also use different approaches and metrics to perform the interoperability evaluation. Thus, it can be difficult when enterprises have to deal with multiple interoperability aspects within a NE. Hence, the objective of this paper is to propose an analysis of the main relevant evaluation methods regarding interoperability. The proposed analysis is essential and will serve as a first step towards proposing a new approach for assessing enterprise systems interoperability within a NE.

International audience; Supply chain interactions are complex in general and can be viewed as a networked enterprise .In this paper, we address information system interoperability for exploring and analysing the interoperation problem in heterogeneous networked enterprises systems. We propose a common shared ontology based framework for networked enterprises interoperability for the context of information flows in supply chain interactions. A supply chain ontology，SCOR ontology，is developed based on the SCOR operation reference model. Subsequently, by formalising the similar concepts of SCOR ontology and product ontology, ONTO-PDM, using Description Logic, we propose a product-centric supply chain ontology framework for facilitating the interoperation between all enterprise applications involved in an extended supply chain. A case study of a Supply Chain Make-to-Order process is used to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach.

International audience; Dynamic Product-Service Business Ecosystems (DPSBEs) are collaborative forms that aim to handle product-service business actions in a business ecosystem by creating, sharing, using and re-using information across functional teams and enterprise boundaries. DPSBEs depend on the ability of their members' information systems to interoperate. This ability is related to making their semantics explicit and formal, so information can be interpreted and managed both by humans and systems. In this position paper, we establish the scientific background for the semantic interoperability for dynamic product-service business ecosystems.

Today's companies are under considerable strain. Several events or developments such as the global economic crises or the ongoing globalization process contribute to this situation. Meanwhile, however, companies have realized that the concept of virtual organizations represents an ecient measure to counter the current challenges. More and more companies make use of this concept supported by technologies like collaboration platforms. However, the application of such collaboration platforms brings along some changes for organizations in doing their business. For instance, interaction between people, who could not get in touch before,is thereby fostered in particular. Employees of dierent organizations, even across countries boundaries, can set up new relationships due to the deployment of collaboration platforms. This paper analyses the impact of collaboration platforms and their eects on the daily business of organizations.

International audience; Nowadays, in a hotly competitive environment, companies are continuously trying to provide products and/or services to customers faster, cheaper, and better than the competitors do. Managers have learned that they cannot do it alone; rather, they must work on a cooperative basis with other organizations in order to succeed. Although the resulting enterprise networks are more competitive, the tasks for planning, management and optimization are much more difficult and complex. In this paper, we present a newly developed toolbox "ONE" to support decision makers for the assessment, design and improvement of such supply chain networks. The toolbox comprises innovative and user-friendly concepts related to the modeling, simulation and optimization of modern enterprise networks. Two case studies, proposed by partners from automotive and textile industries, are presented and computational results analysed.

Interoperability: the ability of a system or a product to work with other systems or products without special effort from the user is a key issue in manufacturing and industrial enterprise generally. It is fundamental to the production of goods and services quickly and at low cost at the same time as maintaining levels of quality and customisation. While data exchange and IT applications are vital contributions to successful interoperability, communications and common semantics can be just as important between businesses. Composed of more than 40 papers of international authorship, Interoperability of Enterprise Software and Applications ranges from academic research through case studies to industrial experience of interoperability. Many of the papers have examples and illustrations calculated to deepen understanding and generate new ideas. The INTEROP-ESA'05 conference from which this book is drawn was sponsored by the European Union and the Swiss federal government under the IST research program and was further supported by International Society for Information Processing and the Association for Computing Machinery. A concise reference to the state of the art in software interoperability, Interoperability of Enterprise Software and Applications will be of great value to engineers and computer scientists working in manufacturing and other process industries and to software engineers and electronic and manufacturing engineers working in the academic environment.

This paper focuses on enterprise models representing interaction aspects which are very important when modelling networked enterprises. To this aim, a case study concerning an Italian training organization is addressed as a show case, where a re-engineering of the quality management systems where addressed. The main criticalities of cooperation either in the real operative practice and in the related modelling approach are presented. Several interaction requirements at different EM levels and the main factors to be considered in design modelling are also discussed.