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Objective. To estimate the prevalence of Papanicolaou (Pap) and human papillomavirus (HPV) test use before and after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Materials and methods. We analyzed the use of Pap and/or HPV screening tests by women 25-64 years, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Surveys in 2018 and 2021-2023. Results. Pap use decreased from 34.6% in 2018 to 24.9% in 2021, recovering to 31.5% in 2023. Similarly, HPV use decreased from 12.7% in 2018 to 11% in 2021, increasing to 16.0% in 2023. Greater use of cervical cancer screening was observed at higher socioeconomic levels and urbanization. Conclusions. Improved regulatory guidelines are needed to achieve efficient and effective screening and follow-up of cervical cancer in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción. El virus del papiloma humano (VPH) es una infección viral más habitual del aparato reproductor y causa diversos trastornos, tanto en hombres como en mujeres, y se considera como el principal agente para el desarrollo del cáncer cervicouterino. Objetivo. Determinar el nivel de conocimiento sobre el VPH de las alumnas del segundo año de las diferentes carreras de la Universidad del Pacífico Sede Asunción en el año 2023. Materiales y Métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal en alumnas del segundo año de las diferentes carreras de la Universidad del Pacifico en el 2023, mediante una encuesta de conocimiento, influencia y métodos para evitar el contagio del VPH. Se aplicó la estadística descriptiva utilizando el programa EpiDat 4.2. Resultados. Participaron 95 alumnas, el 49,92% conoce que el VPH es una infección viral, el 87,37% que su síntoma más común son las verrugas genitales, el 91,58% sabe que la infección por VPH afecta a ambos sexos, el 90,53% que se puede transmitir por vía sexual, 71,58% sabe que puede producir cáncer de cuello uterino y el 86,32% conoce que la vacunación es la principal medida de prevención. El 48% de las estudiantes tuvieron un buen nivel de conocimiento global sobre el VPH. Conclusión. El nivel insuficiente de conocimiento sobre VHP refleja la necesidad de realizar fortalecer el programa educativo universitario y campañas educativas con respecto al VPH y el cáncer de cuello uterino.

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciencias de la Salud is the property of Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Senora del Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Médicas UIS is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: describir la prevalencia de patología maligna incidental posterior a una histerectomía por causa benigna. Método: estudio de corte transversal descriptivo, basado en registros hospitalarios. Se incluyeron mujeres a quienes se les realizó una histerectomía por causa benigna en un hospital general de referencia entre 2013 y 2021. Se excluyeron mujeres con histerectomía obstétrica. Variables medidas: edad, vía de la histerectomía, tipo de histerectomía, diagnóstico histopatológico de lesión premaligna o de cáncer invasor, tipo de cáncer. Análisis: descriptivo, se estimó la prevalencia en el periodo global de condiciones preneoplásicas y neoplásicas. Resultado: de 816 registros clínicos se analizaron 674 casos (87 %) que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Predominó la población premenopáusica. Se identificaron 26 casos de enfermedad maligna no anticipada para una prevalencia del 3,8 % y 13 casos de patología premaligna (1,9 %). El origen más frecuente fue el cuello uterino (40 %) seguido del ovario (33 %). Conclusiones: se debe considerar informar riesgo de lesión no esperada a las pacientes que serán sometidas a histerectomía por condición benigna. Se enfatiza la importancia de realizar una adecuada aproximación prequirúrgica, en especial para descartar cáncer de ovario y cérvix en nuestro medio. Se requieren estudios de seguimiento de las pacientes con cáncer no anticipado para determinar el tratamiento y su pronóstico en la región.

Introducción: la utilidad del legrado endocervical (LEC) como herramienta diagnóstica de Lesiones Intraepiteliales Escamosas (LIE) en la tamización del cáncer de cuello uterino sigue siendo controvertida debido a que en algunos casos no modifica la conducta médica, por lo que es importante determinar de forma objetiva su relación con la citología, la colposcopia y la conización cervical. Objetivo: describir la frecuencia de detección de lesiones premalignas del cuello uterino por LEC, en relación con edad, resultados de citología, colposcopia y conización cervical. Métodos: se incluyeron las pacientes a quienes se les practicó LEC en una Unidad de Patología Cervical en un periodo de dos años, se recolectó la información de las historias clínicas e informes de patología, incluyendo, edad, resultados de citología, colposcopia, estudio histopatológico del LEC y resultado de conización cervical. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis descriptivo individual y a un análisis comparativo mediante estudio de concordancia entre el LEC y la citología, y entre el LEC y la conización. Resultados: el LEC aumentó la probabilidad de identificar LIE, con un porcentaje de detección del 23,6% para LIE de bajo grado (LIEBG) y de 8,7% para LIE de alto grado (LIEAG) no observadas durante la evaluación colposcópica en pacientes con sospecha de lesión oculta. Conclusión: estos resultados aportan información que debe motivar a los colposcopistas a usar el LEC en pacientes con sospecha de lesión oculta, con porcentajes no despreciables de detección de LIEAG o mayor, que de otra forma no se habrían diagnosticado.

Objective: To identify how the breast and cervical cancer prevention and screening practices performed by nurses working in Primary Health Care in the state of Rio Grande do Sul occurs. Methods: This is a qualitative study with an analytical and comprehensive nature. The collaborators were 58 nurses working in Primary Health Care. Results: The results indicate that the practices are developed in a context of increasing professional autonomy and the role of Nursing. Aspects such as proximity and bonding with the community, other procedures and actions offered in the consultations, including clinical/therapeutic management in cases of signs and symptoms of infection, are consistent with a broader attention to women's health and care needs. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of supporting protocols for the safe performance of Primary Care nurses' practices, aiming at the prevention and screening of breast and cervical cancer. These documents must be easily accessible and constantly updated in order to guarantee the standardization recommended by the Ministry of Health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma is a tumor that represents less than one percent of all uterine malignancies. It is mostly diagnosed between 40 and 55 years of age, it has slow growth, with extrauterine dissemination in 40 and up to 50% of cases at the time of diagnosis. Patient information: 72-year-old woman, with a history of high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes mellitus and surgery for fibroid, along with necrobiosis, who had to undergo total abdominal hysterectomy with double adnexectomy. As a result of the biopsy, submucosal and subserosal intramural leiomyomas with areas of necrosis and hemorrhages were detected. Subsequently, in August 2022, she presented scant bleeding, so she was sent to the Neck Pathology Consultation. She underwent video colposcopy with an exophytic lesion in the vaginal vault. The patient returned to the center due to a tumor measuring ±6 to 8 cm, violaceous, protruding through the vulvar introitus, coming from the vaginal vault and accompanied by bleeding, and friable. The biopsy result determined a low-grade sarcoma-type malignant mesenchymal tumor with two foci of necrosis. Conclusions: uterine cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy. On the other hand, low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma is a very unusual tumor that ranks second among uterine mesenchymal tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Las Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual han adquirido importancia para la salud pública mundial debido a la extrema morbilidad sobre todo en países en desarrollo, por ello fue plantado el objetivo de analizar la prevalencia del virus de papiloma humano y otras infecciones de transmisión sexual. Es un estudio de tipo Descriptivo, Transversal-Retrospectivo, la población estuvo conformada por todas las mujeres diagnosticadas con VPH mediante citología durante el año 2019 en el Hospital General IESS de Manta y por muestreo aleatorio simple se tuvo una muestra total de 71 pacientes. Se obtuvo una prevalencia de infección por VPH en las mujeres atendidas de 21,8%, el tipo de lesión a nivel cervical por presencia de VPH con el mayor número de casos fue de NIC I o de bajo grado con 71,8%, el 77,5% de las mujeres tuvieron una infección previa al virus, siendo Chlamydia trachomatis con 29,60% la patología con mayor relevancia, el 70,4% tuvo su primer acto sexual a los 18 años o menos. Se evidencia la presencia de VPH diagnosticada por citología y de otras infecciones de transmisión sexual en especial de Chlamydia trachomatis en la población femenina estudiada

Objetivos: reportar el caso de una paciente con tumor de colisión del útero y realizar una revisión de la literatura respecto al diagnóstico histopatológico, tratamiento y pronóstico de esta condición. Materiales y métodos: mujer de 76 años que consultó al centro nacional de referencia del cáncer en Bogotá (Colombia), donde se hizo el diagnóstico de tumor de colisión del útero, compuesto por un adenocarcinoma de endometrio tipo seroso y adenosarcoma de cérvix. Recibió tratamiento quirúrgico más quimioterapia y radioterapia complementaria, falleció a los 16 meses. Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura en las bases de datos Medline vía PubMed y Embase, que incluía reportes y series de caso de mujeres con diagnóstico de tumor de colisión del útero, y se extrajo información sobre el diagnóstico, tratamiento y pronóstico. Se realizó un resumen narrativo de los hallazgos. Resultados: la búsqueda identificó 36 títulos, de los cuales se incluyeron 14 estudios que incluían 17 pacientes. El diagnóstico histopatológico más frecuente fue el adenocarcinoma endometrioide de endometrio y sarcoma endometrial de alto y bajo grado (47 %). El tratamiento básico fue quirúrgico. Cerca del 50 % recibió tratamiento adyuvante con quimioterapia y radioterapia (15 %). La sobrevida a 1 año fue del 75 %. Conclusiones: en la literatura no se identificaron casos de tumores de colisión de útero con la histopatología y en la ubicación del caso presentado. La mortalidad a dos años es cercana al 28 % si se toma en cuenta el caso reportado. Se necesitan más estudios que describan la inmunohistoquímica, el tratamiento y el pronóstico de esta condición.

Adolescence is a human life period characterized by various biological, physical and emotional changes that influence the later adult life. Cervical cancer has medical, socioeconomic, and human significance. It is the most curable, easily diagnosed and even the most preventable of all cancers. Its negative effects are often devastating for the women’ general state of health who acquire it. A bibliographic review of articles was carried out from January to December 2021. The scientific databases used were: Pubmed, Scielo and the Google Scholar search engine. The search was made in national and international articles, with full texts, these were subjected to a critical reading using as theoretical methods: historical-logical analysis and analysis-synthesis and among the empirical ones: documentary analysis. The objective of this review is to show the biological and behavioral conditions that favor the development of cervical cancer in adolescence.

Background: cervical-uterine cancer represents 10% of all cancer causes. Its prevention is essential and educating about it is fundamental.Objective: to describe the result of an educational intervention on cervical-uterine cancer in women from doctor’s office 7, Nuevitas. Methods: intervention study that included 86 women from 18 to 55 years of age, from the X Anniversary Community Teaching Polyclinic, in Nuevitas, Camagüey. A survey was applied that allowed measuring the knowledge level before and after the educational intervention. The analyzed variables were age, educational level, knowledge about risk factors and suspicious manifestations, and about the cytological test.Results: there was a predominance of women with completed primary level and those under 44 years of age. At the beginning of the study, they showed low knowledge about risk factors, especially the beginning of early sexual relations (54.6%) and infections by papilloma virus, HIV/AIDS and genital herpes (56.9%). 65.11% did not know that vaginal discharge is a suspicious manifestation, and 82.5% had insufficient knowledge about the cytological test. All these parameters increased above 80% and most of them 95% after the intervention, except knowledge about inadequate diet as a risk factor, which only rose to 70.9%. Conclusions: a notable increase in knowledge about risk factors, suspicious manifestations and the importance of the cytological test was achieved, which implies a benefit in the prevention of cervical-uterine cancer.

Objetivos. Sintetizar las recomendaciones desarrolladas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) con el fin de mejorar la calidad del cuidado y los desenlaces en salud sobre el tamizaje y tratamiento de las mujeres con lesiones precancerosas para la prevención del cáncer de cuello uterino. Métodos. Las directrices elaboradas por la OMS siguen los métodos de elaboración de la directriz GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation) del Manual para el desarrollo de directrices de la OMS. Se llevó a cabo una síntesis de las recomendaciones de dos directrices de OMS. Adicionalmente, se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en PubMed, Lilacs, Health Systems Evidence, Epistemonikos y literatura gris de estudios desarrollados en las Américas con el fin de identificar barreras, facilitadores, estrategias de implementación e indicadores. Resultados. Se formularon 19 recomendaciones y 10 puntos de buena práctica para el tamizaje de lesiones precancerosas del cuello del útero y el tratamiento del cáncer de cuello uterino. Se identificaron barreras y facilitadores para la implementación y se crearon indicadores de adherencia y resultado. Conclusiones. Las recomendaciones formuladas proveen orientación para mejorar la calidad del cuidado y los desenlaces en salud sobre el tamizaje y tratamiento de las mujeres con lesiones precancerosas para la prevención del cáncer de cuello uterino, con consideraciones para su implementación en América Latina y el Caribe.

Copyright of Enfermagem Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: To report the case of a patient with a uterine collision tumor and to conduct a review of the literature. Material and methods: A 76-year-old patient who presented to the national cancer referral center in Bogota (Colombia), where she was diagnosed with a uterine collision tumor consisting of a seroustype endometrial adenocarcinoma and a cervical adenosarcoma. The patient underwent surgical treatment followed by chemotherapy and supplemental radiotherapy, and died 16 months later. A search was conducted in the Medline via PubMed and Embase databases, including reports and case series of women with a diagnosis of uterine collision tumor, with retrieval of information regarding diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. A narrative summary of the findings was made. Results: The search identified 36 titles, of which 14 studies with 17 patients were included. The most frequent histopathological diagnosis was endometrial adenocarcinoma and high and low grade endometrial sarcoma (47 %). Primary treatment was surgery and adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy (15 %) was performed in close to 50 % of cases. One-year survival was 75 %. Conclusions: No cases of uterine collision tumors with the histopathology or in the location of the reported case were found in the literature. If this reported case is taken into account, 2-year mortality is 28 %. Further studies to describe the immunohistochemistry, treatment and prognosis of this condition are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To report the experience of producing Educational Resources as a requirement of a discipline offered by the Professional Master's Program in Teaching in Health and Technology. Methodology: this is a descriptive study of the experience report type with a qualitative approach, resulting from the production of the subject of Educational Resources of the Professional Master's Degree in Teaching in Health and Technology, from a Public University of Alagoas. Results: the educational resources in health described in this report are part of the construction requested throughout the course of the professional master's degree. Three educational products were developed with the aim of informing health professionals and users about the prevention, protection and diagnosis of the HPV virus: an educational video, an interactive manual and a string leaflet. For the construction of these products, the CTM3 method was used, exploring the tools: transactional analysis, neurolinguistics and sensory exploration. The three educational products have an educational, playful and dynamic character and are easy to understand. Conclusion: the subject of educational resources provides an understanding of the need for planning and methodical construction of information and teaching technologies for the effective dissemination of knowledge and relevant information related to health care, in this case cervical cancer, which has as its main cause is the HPV virus, occupying the third place of involvement in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: People living with HIV have an increased risk of cancer compared to the general population. However, with the increase in life expectancy and advances in antiretroviral therapy, the survival of patients with cancer and HIV has changed. Objective: To determine the survival of patients living with HIV and cancer in Cali, Colombia. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia. Data from the HIV database was crossed with data from the hospital and population-based cancer registries between 2011-2019. Patients <18 years, limited available clinical information on the diagnosis and treatment of HIV and cancer, and non-oncological tumor diagnosis were excluded. Results: A total of 173 patients were included. The frequencies of AIDS-defining neoplasms were: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (42.8%), Kaposi sarcoma (27.8%), and cervical cancer (4.6%). Overall survival was 76.4% (95% CI 68.9-82.3) at five years. Poorer survival was found in patients with AIDS-defining infections (56.9% vs. 77.8%, p=0.027) and non-AIDS-defining infections (57.8% vs. 84.2%, p=0.013), while there was better survival in patients who received antiretroviral therapy (65.9% vs. 17.9%, p=0.021) and oncological treatment (66.7% vs. 35.4%, p<0.001). The presence of non-AIDS-defining infections increases the risk of dying (HR = 2.39, 95% CI 1.05-5.46, p=0.038), while oncological treatment decreases it (HR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.14-0.80, p=0.014). Conclusions: In people living with HIV, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma are the most common neoplasms. Factors such as AIDS-associated and non-AIDS-associated infections have been identified as determinants of survival. Cancer treatment seems to improve survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem e Atenção à Saúde (REAS) is the property of Revista de Enfermagem e Atencao a Saude - Reas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A large number of factors influence the level of information that people may have regarding cervical cancer and the way to prevent it, since education is not only provided by health personnel but also by the family. When making important decisions regarding self-care, people must have effective sex education, in which protection is of vital importance, since misinformation is one of the main factors that promotes cervical cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of an educational intervention on the knowledge of cervical cancer prevention in a group of nursing students and their families under the Nola Pender model. The method used in the study was a quasi-experimental, non-probabilistic sample; the knowledge about cervical cancer prevention and control was evaluated before and after the intervention, using the survey validated by Dr. Dina Rubio in 2009 (with her consent). The information was included in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet: the items were placed in columns and the subjects were included in the rows. Specific frequencies and absolute frequencies were calculated, the Nola Pender model was used for the analysis. The units of analysis were selected manually or randomly and these selections do not depend on probability but are generated based on the criteria of the researcher or the specific needs of the research. From a statistical point of view, information about what cervical cancer is, what it implies and how it behaves as a risk is engrained in the mental structure of the participants. To these implications of a technical and methodological nature, others of a structural and conceptual nature are added to build an integrative analysis of the results obtained in the field work. In this case, they include opinions, appraisals, judgments, and evaluations about cervical cancer. This research was organized in the following stages: (1) Evaluation of prior knowledge on cervical cancer prevention and control. The starting point of the investigation was the recognition that the participating women had a basic conceptual scaffolding, acquired through their own experience and self-training or by going to sources such as academia, social networks, specialized magazines, health institutions, medical staff and other specialists who help in the creation of an important background to consolidate an individual perspective. (2) Application of an educational intervention. In this stage, designed workshops were implemented and evaluated by the students with the advice of a teacher, and included the following topics: general concepts, signs and symptoms, associated risk factors, screening techniques, benefits, and exam precautions. The students contributed a theoretical, methodological and evaluative foundation to the design of each workshop, considering the expected training objectives, the characteristics included in its development, and a diversity of pedagogical actions that guarantee the efficiency of the transmitted message. (3) Reevaluation of the knowledge acquired. By applying a post-test, the knowledge acquired during the implementation of the workshops was recovered and resized. In this stage, the variability of the responses measured the transforming effect of the training, either by improving the knowledge acquired or by introducing new knowledge into the participant's cognitive model. The perception that participants have about self-care practices is linked to their beliefs, denoting a favorable level of awareness and clarity, which makes it possible for the application of cytology to recognize the frequency of use, regularity over time, and attention to the results. In conclusion, when evaluating the impact of educational intervention through the Nola Pender model, changes in knowledge were found. Results also indicate that this is an ideal model for employees in heterogeneous popu lation groups in ages, educational levels, professional training, and sexual habits, because it integrates personal experience, the environment and health practices as three elements without which it is not possible to practice self-care and the culture of intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: cervical-uterine cancer represents 10% of all cancer causes. Its prevention is essential and educating about it is fundamental. Objective: to describe the result of an educational intervention on cervical-uterine cancer in women from doctor’s office 7, Nuevitas. Methods: intervention study that included 86 women from 18 to 55 years of age, from the X Anniversary Community Teaching Polyclinic, in Nuevitas, Camagüey. A survey was applied that allowed measuring the knowledge level before and after the educational intervention. The analyzed variables were age, educational level, knowledge about risk factors and suspicious manifestations, and about the cytological test. Results: there was a predominance of women with completed primary level and those under 44 years of age. At the beginning of the study, they showed low knowledge about risk factors, especially the beginning of early sexual relations (54.6%) and infections by papilloma virus, HIV/AIDS and genital herpes (56.9%). 65.11% did not know that vaginal discharge is a suspicious manifestation, and 82.5% had insufficient knowledge about the cytological test. All these parameters increased above 80% and most of them 95% after the intervention, except knowledge about inadequate diet as a risk factor, which only rose to 70.9%. Conclusions: a notable increase in knowledge about risk factors, suspicious manifestations and the importance of the cytological test was achieved, which implies a benefit in the prevention of cervical-uterine cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermería Investiga: Investigaciin, Vinculación, Docencia y Gestiin is the property of Revista Enfermeria Investiga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: en México, el cáncer cervicouterino (CaCU) es la segunda causa de mortalidad por cáncer en mujeres. El diagnóstico temprano y el monitoreo mediante la citología cervicovaginal y la colposcopía son actualmente los métodos de tamizaje de elección para identificar y prevenir esta enfermedad. Objetivo: describir el panorama epidemiológico de displasias cervicales en un hospital de primer nivel de atención. Material y métodos: estudio observacional, retrospectivo, unicéntrico, homodémico, transversal. Se analizaron los expedientes de 6207 mujeres atendidas en el HGSZ/UMF No. 8, en Tlaxcala, con citologías vaginales de primera vez, durante 2019-2021. Resultados: se encontró displasia en el 2.6% de las pacientes. El tipo de displasia más frecuente fue NIC 1. Las características clínicas de las pacientes con displasia corresponden a las reportadas en población mexicana, pero se encontraron diferencias importantes (comorbilidades, IMC, NPS, gestas, positividad para cambios asociados al VPH y vacunación) entre dos tipos de población etaria (menores y mayores de 40 años). Conclusiones: el único factor donde hubo una tendencia de asociación al desarrollo de displasia tipo 2 y 3 en la población de más de 40 años fue el inicio de la vida sexual activa antes de los 18 años, por lo que se recomienda buscar una asociación en una población de mayor tamaño y evaluar factores de riesgo en los grupos etarios de manera separada por sus diferencias clínicas, epidemiológicas y factores de riesgo a los que están expuestas. Background: Cervical cancer is the second cancer-related cause of death for women in Mexico. Early diagnosis and monitoring of patients by cervical cytology and colposcopy are currently the preferred screening methods for identification and prevention of this disease. Objective: To describe the epidemiological panorama of cervical dysplasia diagnosed in a first-level care hospital. Material and methods: The study was observational, retrospective, unicentric, homodemic, transversal. Records from 6,207 women who attended the General Subzone Hospital with Familiar Medicine #8 (HGSZ/UMF 8), in Tlaxcala, Mexico were analyzed. First-time cervical cytologies were analyzed from 2019 to 2021. Results: Cervical dysplasia was found in 2.6% of the patients being the most frequent type of dysplasia NIC 1. Most of the clinical characteristics of patients with dysplasia were in agreement with those of the Mexican population. Important differences were found (comorbilities, mass index, number of sexual partners, births, positivity to changes related to HPV and vaccination) between two population sets defined by age (younger and older than 40 years). Conclusions: The only factor where a tendency to be associated to type 2 and 3 dysplasia in the population younger than 40 years was the sexually active onset of life younger than 18 years, so this possible association should be evaluated in a bigger population. Our data suggests that risks factors should be evaluated separately for these age groups due to important differences regarding their clinic and epidemiological characteristics as well as changes in risk factor exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Enfermagem Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: It is observed that black population is more vulnerable to some diseases due to genetic, environmental, economic and social issues. In the health of black women, the need for greater attention to the development of cervical cancer is evident. Objective: To identify the difficulties in preventing cervical cancer from the discourse of quilombola women. Method: Descriptive research with a qualitative approach, mediated by the action research methodology. It was carried out in the remaining quilombola community entitled Os Quarenta, located in the city of Triunfo, Paraíba, Brazil, in 2019. Results: In the participant's discourse two central ideas were noted about the problems or difficulties that prevent early diagnosis of cervical cancer: shame as an obstacle to the practice of preventive examination and self-negligence as a determining factor in the absence of demand for health services. Conclusions: It is noticed that when inserting health information, it is important to consider the social and cultural factors of the community in order to adapt practices according to representations on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide, both in developed and developing countries. Therefore, effective treatment of cervical cancer with potential anti-tumor drugs is important. However, new treatments inspired by nutritional medicine are needed. Objective: To use the human cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and SiHa to evaluate the antiproliferative, apoptotic, and migratory activity of sorghum (kafirins). Materials and methods: The anticancer effects of the kafirins were examined by counting cells, MTT assays, apoptosis, and migration assays. Results: This investigation showed that sorghum induced growth inhibition of HeLa and SiHa cells at a significant level. The growth inhibition is dose-dependent and irreversible. When HeLa and SiHa cells were treated with sorghum due to the activity of kafirins, morphological changes were observed, which were identified through the formation of apoptopic bodies. And the kafirins at concentrations of 37.5, 75, 150, and 300 µg/mL decreased the migration of HeLa cells and SiHa cells. Conclusion: This paper demonstrates the induction of antiproliferative, apoptotic, and anti-migratory activity in HeLa and SiHa cells by kafirins. Sorghum may be used as a nutraceutical with potential cancer-prevention benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. Synthesize the recommendations developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the screening and treatment of women with pre-cancerous lesions for cervical cancer prevention, with a view to improving the quality of care and health outcomes. Methods. The guidelines prepared by WHO follow the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) method for the preparation of guidelines, as set forth in the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development. A synthesis of the recommendations of two WHO guidelines was carried out. Additionally, a systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Lilacs, Mhealth Systems Evidence, Epistemonikos and gray literature of studies developed in the Americas to identify barriers, facilitators, implementation strategies, and indicators. Results. A total of 19 recommendations and ten good practices were formulated for screening pre-cancerous lesions of the cervix and treating cervical cancer. Implementation barriers and facilitators were identified, and indicators were created for assessing adherence and outcomes. Conclusions. The recommendations provide guidance for the screening and treatment of women with pre-cancerous lesions for cervical cancer prevention, with a view to improving the quality of care and health outcomes. Implementation in Latin America and the Caribbean is considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To identify the 2022 recommendations made by ministries of health in the 13 countries and areas of South America for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical cancer screening. Methods. A systematic review of scientific literature and official documents was conducted between July 7 and October 17, 2022. The review included an initial search on official websites (e.g. ministries of health, national cancer institutes and health departments) of South American countries to identify current guidelines or recommendations for HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening. Results. Recommendations for HPV vaccination were found for 11 countries, with the exceptions of French Guiana and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Recommendations were found for cervical cancer screening in official documents from 11 countries, with the exceptions of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, where one article was found that was not an official recommendation, and Suriname, for which no documents were found on websites or in other publications. A total of 12 countries use cytology to screen for cervical cancer. Four countries (Bolivia [Plurinational State of], Colombia, Guyana and Peru) use visual inspection with acetic acid and the screen-and-treat strategy. Six countries (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay and Peru) are transitioning from cytology to HPV testing. Conclusions. No documents were found about a national HPV vaccination program in French Guiana and Venezuela, and no official guidelines for cervical cancer screening were found for Suriname and Venezuela; thus, it will be difficult to eliminate this public health problem in these countries. Countries in South America must update their guidelines for HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening as new evidence emerges. Official websites with information about HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening are important sources that can be accessed by health professionals and the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To document Grenadian women's knowledge about cervical cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, as well as their attitudes towards primary cervical cancer screening methods. Methods. In this qualitative study, we used focus groups in Grenada to gather information concerning women's knowledge about, attitudes towards and perceptions of screening for cervical cancer and general knowledge about HPV. Ten focus groups comprising 73 participants representing 5 of the 6 parishes in Grenada were conducted with women aged 19--59. Participants were asked about pelvic exams, Pap smears, HPV, reasons for seeking or avoiding cervical cancer screening and how different modalities of testing might affect their decision-making. Responses were then coded and organized into common themes. Results. While many respondents had heard of HPV, far fewer knew about its causative role in cervical cancer, how to prevent HPV infection or testing for the high-risk HPV types that cause almost all cases of cervical cancer. Many participants were aware that cervical cancer screening was beneficial, but numerous barriers to obtaining that screening were noted, including concerns about privacy and stigma, potential discomfort, and the cost and inconvenience involved. Conclusions. Our findings have implications for future cervical cancer screening efforts in Grenada. Central to these efforts should be a focus on educating Grenadians about the role of HPV infection in cervical cancer and the importance of early detection through screening. In addition, addressing issues of stigma and privacy are key to eliminating cervical cancer in Grenada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Mind-body therapies, such as guided imagery relaxation, which are among the main integrative practices used by cancer patients, are essential for maintaining a healthy balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic arousal in the brain. Objective: To evaluate the effect of guided image relaxation, with the use of virtual reality, on the health-related quality of life of women with cervical cancer undergoing concomitant treatment with chemoradiotherapy. Materials and Method: A quasi-experimental study, carried out in an oncology referral hospital in southern Brazil, from October 2019 to January 2021. 52 women participated, divided into two groups, experimental (relaxation intervention guided by imagery with virtual reality), and control (default routine). The Functional instrument was used to assess health-related quality of life scores. Assessment of Cancer therapy cervix cancer, applied before, 14 days after and at the end of treatment, in approximately 35 days. The analyzes were performed using the mixed generalized linear model, with an autoregressive covariance matrix of order 1, and the significance was confirmed by the Sidak test. Results: There was a statistically significant difference for the experimental group in the physical (p =0.02), functional (p =0.00), specific symptoms of cervical cancer and treatment effects (p =0.03) and overall quality of life (p =0.02). Conclusion: Guided Image Relaxation contributed to an improvement in the Health-Related Quality of Life of patients with cervical cancer during treatment with chemoradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Paulista de Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Paulista de Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Salud UIS is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción. La detección del virus del papiloma humano mediante la combinación de la prueba de HPV y otras técnicas como la citología, ha demostrado su eficacia en el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno de lesiones asociadas con el cáncer de cuello uterino. Objetivo. Estimar el impacto presupuestal de la estrategia de detección temprana del HPV mediante la prueba de genotipificación combinada con la citología en comparación con la citología convencional, en mujeres de 30 a 65 años participantes en el programa de tamizaje de cáncer de cuello uterino en una Entidad Administradora del Plan de Beneficios en salud (EAPB) en Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Utilizando un árbol de decisiones y un modelo de Markov, se estimaron las implicaciones clínicas y los costos directos anuales de dos ciclos de tamizaje, diagnóstico y tratamiento, en una cohorte de mujeres. Las prevalencias de los resultados clínicos y los costos se tomaron de la base de datos de una EAPB y la información de la progresión, persistencia y regresión de los estados de salud provinieron del estudio ATHENA. Resultados. El esquema de tamizaje con la prueba de HPV, la genotipificación y la citología resultó en un ahorro de costos comparado con la citología convencional. El costo promedio por ciclo de tamizaje con la prueba de HPV se estimó en COP $129’201.363 y con la citología en COP $186’309.952, es decir, un ahorro de COP $57’108.589 (30,7 %). Conclusión. La implementación de la estrategia de tamizaje evaluada sugiere que habría ahorros derivados de la detección temprana de los estados de salud asociados con el desarrollo de cáncer de cuello uterino.

Introducción: Las terapias de mente y cuerpo, como la relajación de imágenes guiadas, que se encuentran entre las principales prácticas integradoras utilizadas por los pacientes con cáncer, son esenciales para mantener un equilibrio saludable entre la activación simpática y parasimpática en el cerebro. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la relajación de imagen guiada, con el uso de realidad virtual, sobre la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de mujeres con cáncer de cuello uterino en tratamiento concomitante con quimiorradioterapia. Materiales y Método: Estudio cuasi-experimental, realizado en un hospital de referencia de oncología en el sur de Brasil, de octubre de 2019 a enero de 2021. Participaron 52 mujeres, divididas en dos grupos, experimental (intervención de relajación guiada por imaginería con realidad virtual), y control (rutina por defecto). El instrumento funcional se utilizó para evaluar las puntuaciones de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. Evaluación de Cáncer terapia cuello uterino cáncer, aplicado antes, 14 días después y al final del tratamiento, en aproximadamente 35 días. Los análisis se realizaron utilizando el modelo lineal generalizado mixto, con una matriz de covarianza autorregresiva de orden 1, y la significación fue confirmada por la prueba de Sidak. Resultados: hubo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa para el grupo experimental en la calidad de vida física (p = 0,02), funcional (p = 0,00), síntomas específicos del cáncer de cuello uterino y efectos del tratamiento (p = 0,03) y en general (p = 0,02).). Conclusión: La Relajación por Imagen Guiada contribuyó a mejorar la Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud de las pacientes con cáncer de cuello uterino durante el tratamiento con quimiorradioterapia. Como citar este artículo: Santana, Edenice de Oliveira; Marcondes, Larissa; Silva, Luana Aparecida Alves da; Sawada, Namie Okino; Rosa, Luciana Martins da; Kalinke, Luciana Puchalski. Imagem guiada para qualidade de vida de mulheres com câncer cervical: estudo quase experimental. Revista Cuidarte. 2023;14(1):e2358. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2358

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cancer has diverse effects on adolescent health. Facing the diagnosis is difficult, suffering from this disease opens the door to important changes in self-image, future prospects, daily routines, in addition to the devastating effects on the health of the adolescent and the family. The most frequent reactions are: fear, sadness, anger and uncertainty. Coping with the problem with integrity, affective regulation appearing normal, adaptation to action, calm, search for information and social support, reappraisal or cognitive restructuring and distraction are coping strategies suggested for coping with the disease. The intervention of psychology as a specialty allows clarifying, mediating and alleviating the pain of patients and families, it is essential, since it deals with the emotional responses of patients, their families and the medical team.

Resumen Objetivo analizar las experiencias de enfermeras en la toma de las citologías cervicales y otros factores organizacionales durante una intervención educativa asistida por metodologías B-learning. Método estudio cualitativo realizado en San Luis Potosí, México. Participaron 15 enfermeras. La recolección de datos se hizo a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas con base en una sistematización de experiencias. Para el análisis de la información se utilizó el programa Taguette y como referente teórico las metodologías B-learning. Resultados se identificaron debilidades en factores relacionados con la accesibilidad de las usuarias al servicio, insumos, infraestructura, bioseguridad, capacitación del personal de salud, entrega de resultados a las pacientes y conocimiento del programa por parte de las usuarias. Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica el cáncer cervical es un problema de salud pública. La citología cervical es la prueba de tamizaje más utilizada; sin embargo, existen limitantes en la calidad, por lo que se proponen acciones para mejorar los conocimientos y habilidades del personal de enfermería que tiene como función la toma. La intervención educativa fue efectiva para fomentar el aprendizaje integral sobre la toma de las citologías cervicales y permitió al personal de enfermería compartir sus experiencias.

Copyright of Revista de Investigación en Salud VIVE is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Salud VIVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: to analyze and predict cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates, using time series models. Method: ecological study of a historical series, with a secondary base, carried out in Greater Cuiabá. The incidence data referred to the population based cancer registry (2000 to 2012), and mortality data (1981 to 2018), obtained from the Mortality Information System. Data were analyzed by Arima and Holt models. Results: in the series of incidence rate of carcinoma in situ, the appropriate model was AR (1), whose estimated projections (2013-2014) fluctuated between 15,54 and 16,45 per 100.000 women. In the invasive cervix rate series (Holt model) the forecasts (2013-2014), with values between 11,28 to 8,9 per 100.000 women. In the mortality rate, a satisfactory model was ARMA (1,1), whose forecasts (2019-2020) fluctuated between 9,46 and 9,62 per 100.000 women. Conclusion: in the three cases, the predicted rates showed levels close to those observed, indicating that the models allowed estimating and predicting adequately. It was also possible to observe a slight increase in in situ cancer and a decline in the incidence of invasive cancer, in mortality, showing stability in results and predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To describe current cervical cancer screening program guidelines in Latin America. Materials and methods. We searched official recommendations for the general population and women living with HIV (WLHIV) by reviewing official sources from 19 countries; these data were supplemented with a consultation carried out by the WHO with the Ministries of Health. Results. Screening policies vary significantly in regard to target populations, primary tests, and screening intervals. Sixteen countries have recently updated their recommendations; however, cytology remains the primary screening test for most countries. Eleven countries have introduced HPV tests, and eight countries have implemented screen-and-treat algorithms; only three countries have developed evidence-based guidelines. All countries but Costa Rica have specific recommendations for WLHIV. Conclusions. Although most countries have updated their screening policies, only a few are properly aligned with the WHO elimination strategy. Recommendations for WLHIV require better integration with cervical cancer screening programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: de las muertes de mujeres en el mundo por algún tipo de cáncer, el de cérvix es responsable del 7 % del total. En Costa Rica, cada año se diagnostican en promedio 320 casos y fallecen 140 mujeres por esta enfermedad. Objetivo: identificar barreras para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento del cáncer cérvico-uterino, según la disponibilidad de la asistencia sanitaria en Costa Rica. Metodología: se realizó una revisión sistemática cualitativa de literatura entre mayo y setiembre de 2021. Se examinaron estudios publicados de enero de 2010 a junio de 2021 con diseño cuantitativo, cualitativo o ambos, de fuente primaria o secundaria, que identificaran limitaciones para acceder a la atención según población general, usuarios o personal de salud en Costa Rica. Resultados: se seleccionaron 9 artículos científicos. Se identificaron 5 dimensiones del modelo de Tanahashi y 26 barreras correspondientes a cada una: 12 de disponibilidad, 5 de accesibilidad, 3 de aceptabilidad, 2 de contacto con el servicio y 4 de cobertura efectiva. Conclusiones: las dificultades en torno al servicio médico son múltiples y están presentes en todas las dimensiones descritas en el modelo de Tanahashi. Los hallazgos de este estudio destacan la importancia de abordarlas, lo cual, en algunas podría ser complejo. No obstante, otras variables son relativamente simples de solucionar a nivel de sistema, política o práctica.

Introduction: The detection of the human papillomavirus (HPV) through the combination of the HPV test and other techniques such as cytology has impacted the detection and timely treatment of lesions associated with cervical cancer. Objective: To estimate the budgetary impact of the strategy of early detection of HPV with DNA test genotyping with reflex cytology versus conventional cytology in women aged 30 to 65 years attending the cervical cancer screening program at a health benefit managing entity in Colombia. Materials and methods: Using a decision tree and a Markov model, the clinical implications and direct costs of screening, diagnosis, and treatment were estimated in a cohort of women. The analysis considered two screening cycles and their annual costs. The data on the prevalence of clinical results and the costs were taken from the health managing entity. The information on the progression, persistence, and regression of the health states were taken from the ATHENA study. Results: The screening scheme with the HPV test, genotyping, and reflex cytology compared to conventional cytology was cost-saving. The average cost per screening cycle with the HPV test was estimated at COP $ 129,201,363 and with cytology at COP $ 186,309,952, i.e., a saving of COP $ 57,108,589 (30.7%). Conclusion: The implementation of the screening strategy under evaluation suggests prospective savings derived from the early detection of health states associated with the development of cervical cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: La cuarta parte de las mujeres con neoplasias ginecológicas cursa con obstrucción en la vía urinaria, secundaria a infiltración tumoral o compresión extrínseca de los uréteres. La nefrostomía es la alternativa clínica intervencionista para mejorar la nefropatía obstructiva y evitar el tratamiento de diálisis en un paciente oncológico con hidronefrosis. El presente estudio tiene el objetivo de determinar la supervivencia de pacientes con cáncer de cérvix portadoras de nefrostomía. Metodología: El presente estudio observacional se realizó en el Hospital Solón Espinosa Ayala “Solca-Núcleo de Quito” de enero-2014 a diciembre-2018. El cálculo muestral fue no probabilístico, se incluyeron casos de pacientes con cáncer de cérvix con nefrostomía. Las variables fueron: edad, supervivencia global, supervivencia con nefrostomía, tipo histológico de la neoplasia de cérvix, estadío, tratamiento oncológico luego de la nefrostomía, complicaciones y repuesta al tratamiento. Para el análisis se usó el método Kaplan Meier. Se analiza supervivencia según estadios funcionales ECOG. Resultados: Se incluyeron 96 casos en el estudio. La media de sobrevida luego de colocar la nefrostomía fue de 277 días (9.2 meses), y la media de la sobrevida global fue de 462 días (15 meses). Las pacientes con ECOG-0 la supervivencia global fue de 625 días (20.8 meses), con ECOG 1, 2 y 3 fue de 437 días (14.5 meses) P= 0.013. Conclusión: Es este estudio las pacientes con cáncer de cérvix que tienen enfermedad localmente avanzada y metastásica con ECOG 0, son las más beneficiadas del procedimiento de nefrostomía con mejoría de la supervivencia. Las pacientes con enfermedad localmente avanzada y metastásica con ECOG 2 y 3, no mejoraron su sobrevida global con la colocación de nefrostomía, ya que a pesar de que recibieron tratamiento oncológico el 50% de ellas progresaron, pero evitaron el ingreso a programas de diálisis. La principal complicación luego de la colocación del catéter de nefrostomía fue la infección.