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Uvod: Pametni telefoni in ure so danes napredne tehnološke naprave na trgu, saj vključujejo funkcije računalnikov, mobilnih telefonov in različnih merilnih instrumentov v eni majhni napravi. Za raziskovanje tega področja smo se odločili, ker o sevanju mobilnih telefonov na razvoj ploda ni veliko znanega, so pa raziskovalci ugotovili negativen vpliv na živalskih modelih. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je s pregledom literature raziskati vpliv sevanj sodobne digitalne tehnologije in opredeliti vlogo medicinske sestre pri preventivi vpliva sevanj digitalne tehnologije. Metode dela: Narejen je bil pregled slovenskih in angleških znanstvenih člankov. Literaturo smo iskali prek spletenega portala Digitalne knjižnice Univerze v Ljubljani in preko iskalnika Google Učenjak. Rezultati: V analizo smo vključili osem člankov. Rezultati raziskav kažejo, da to področje še ni dobro raziskano. Ugotovili smo, da sevanja pametnih telefonov vplivajo na trajanje nosečnosti, na porodno maso in višino ter na obseg glave ploda. Razprava in zaključek: Vpliv sevanj sodobnih digitalnih tehnologij na razvoj ploda ni povsem raziskan in utemeljen in obstaja možnost za nastanek posledic na plodu. Dosedanje raziskave kažejo, da trenutno ni narejenih dobrih in natančnih raziskav, ki bi lahko potrdile vpliv sevanj sodobne digitalne tehnologije na razvoj ploda. Medicinske sestre bi morale na preventivnih pregledih poučevati o vplivu sevanj sodobne digitalne tehnologije in njihovih posledicah. Introduction: Smartphones and smartwatches are advanced technological devices on today's market, as they contain the features of computers, cell phones and various measuring instruments in a single small device. We have decided to research this topic because the influence of cell phone radiation on fetal development has not been discussed much, but researchers have found a negative influence on this development in animal models. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma thesis is to research the influence of radiation from modern digital technology based on a literature review and to define the role of a nurse in preventing the influence of radiation from digital technology. Methods: Slovenian and English scientific articles were reviewed. The literature was searched through the online portal of the Digital Library of the University of Ljubljana and Google Scholar. Results: We analyzed eight articles. The research results show that this topic is not yet sufficiently researched. Radiation was found to affect the duration of pregnancy, birth weight, and the length and the fetal head circumference. Discussion and conclusion: The influence of radiation from modern digital technology on fetal development has not been researched fully and the possibility of fetal damage has not been proven. The research shows that no good and thorough studies have been conducted so far that would confirm the influence of radiation from modern digital technology on fetal development. Nurses should educate about the influence of radiation from modern digital technology and its consequences during routine check-ups.

POVZETEK Naslov: Mobilni internet na poti Avtodom je danes zagotovo ena najbolj privlačnih izbir za preživljanje prostega časa. Ne glede na to, ali je avtodom v najemu ali pa smo lastnik, imamo vse večjo potrebo po mobilnem internetu, kar nam omogoča tudi današnja tehnologija. Ključna faktorja za mobilni internet na poti sta, da imamo ponudnika mobilne komunikacije in usmerjevalnik za povezavo naprav v splet. Če tega ne želimo ali pa nam cenovno ne ustreza, uporabimo mobilno točko na osebnem mobilnem telefonu. Zato sem v diplomski nalogi predstavil način delovanja usmerjevalnika v kombinaciji s ponudnikom mobilne komunikacije. Cilj naloge je najti cenovno ugoden usmerjevalnik, ki v povprečju dosega najhitrejši prenos podatkov v določenem območju. Najpomembnejši so bili tehnični podatki in cena pri izbiri usmerjevalnika ter mobilnega operaterja, da se približamo stroškovni učinkovitosti. Meritve, ki sem jih izvajal na določenih točkah, so bile hitrost prenosa podatkov in hitrost zakasnitve prenosa podatkovnega prometa. Programsko opremo, s katero sem izvajal omenjene meritve, sem izbral glede na dobre ocene uporabnikov iz spleta. Analiza izmerjenih vrednosti na izbranem območju Občine Cerkno je pokazala, da usmerjevalnik nima signifikantnega vpliva na hitrost prenosa, ima ga pa v kombinaciji z zunanjimi MIMO antenami in ponudnikom Telekom Slovenija. Pri tem sem ugotovil, da je zelo pomembna pravilna izbira mobilnega operaterja. Zraven kriterija cene prenosa podatkov je pomemben pravilni izbor paketa, da v pomembnih trenutkih ne ostanemo s praznim računom in prekinitvijo prenosa podatkov. ABSTRACT Title: Evaluation of mobile broadband for mobile homes Nowadays, camper vans are one of the top choices when looking at different options to spend one’s free time. It does not matter whether you are a tenant or the owner of the camper, the need for internet-on-the-go is ever-growing and technology of today is able to provide us with that. Key factors on this matter are mobile communication providers and router if mobile data hotspots are not acceptable choice for different reasons. That is way I choose to present mode of operation of router in combination with different providers in my thesis. Main goal was finding reasonably priced router, which, on average, achieves the fastest data transfer in a specific area. When choosing a router and provider, I focused on technical specifications and price. During the experiment, I gathered measurements for data transfer rate and data traffic transmission delay rate in the selected area of municipality Cerkno. Software was chosen based on the reviews found on websites. Analyses showed that router by itself does not have a signific impact on the data transfer rate, but it showed an impact when combined with MIMO antenna and provider Telekom Slovenija. In conclusion, it is crucial to choose the right provider and package for your needs to avoid any problems, especially to avoid the loss of mobile data in the most inconvenient moments when on the way.

Mobilno učenje ili m-učenje omogućuje moderan način podrške procesima učenja putem mobilnih uređaja. Jedan od načina realizacije m-učenja je primjena BYOD modela na nastavi, prema kojem učitelji uglavnom iskazuju negativan stav smatrajući da korištenje mobitela u obrazovanju bitno ne pridonosi kvaliteti nastavnog procesa. Istraživanje za potrebe ovog rada provedeno je u ožujku školske godine 2018./2019., na uzorku od 401 učenika predmetne nastave I. i III. OŠ Varaždin. Cilj je bio ispitati stavove i preferencije učenika osnovnih škola o korištenju mobitela u sklopu nastavnog procesa te postoji li razlika u percepciji učenika osnovnih i srednjih škola o dopuštenju da donose vlastite uređaje za aktivnosti povezane sa školom. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da čak 65,69% učenika tvrdi da im je nastava zanimljivija kada smiju koristiti svoj mobilni uređaj, a 70,38% ispitanika želi da više učitelja primjenjuje BYOD model na nastavi. Također, rezultati pokazuju i da se u svojim razmišljanjima o dopuštenju da donose vlastite uređaje za aktivnosti povezane sa školom ne razlikuju značajno od učenika srednjih škola., Mobile learning or m-learning makes possible the modern ways of learning processes support by using mobile devices. One of the ways of realisation of m-learning is the usage of BYOD model in classroom, towards which teachers mostly show the negative attitude considering that the use of mobile devices in education does not contribute in great deal to the quality of teaching process. The research for the demands of this paper was carried out in March of the school year 2018 /2019 on the sample of 401 students of the subject teaching of 1st and 3rd primary schools Varaždin. The aim was to examine the attitudes and preferences of the primary school students about the use of mobile devices as a part of a teaching process as well as if there is a difference in the perception of primary and secondary school students about the allowance to bring their own devices for the school activities. The results of the research show that even 65,69% of the students claim that the teaching lessons are more interesting when they are allowed to use their mobile device, and 70,83% of them want that their teachers use BYOD model in teaching. In addition, the results show that in their opinion to bring their devices for school activities do not differ in great deal from the opinion of the secondary school students.

Embalaža in njena grafična podoba sta zelo pomembna člena pakiranega izdelka. Marsikdaj povezujemo izdelek z njegovim pakiranjem, saj je to prva stvar, ki jo pri nakupu opazimo. Embalaža daje kupcem predstavo o izdelku, podjetju in blagovni znamki, zato mora biti ustrezno načrtovana in oblikovana. Predvsem za nove izdelke na trgu je pomembno, da embalaža pove neko zgodbo in kupca prepriča že na prvi pogled. V diplomskem delu smo se posvetili oblikovanju embalaže za mobilne telefone. Pri izbiranju mobilnega telefona se kupci sicer ne odločajo za nakup na podlagi embalaže, vendar mora biti ta še vedno primerna, zanimiva in privlačna na pogled. Izdelali smo embalažo, ki se razlikuje od preostalih embalaž na trgu, saj je večnamenska in nudi trajnostno uporabo. V prvem delu diplomskega dela je razložen pojem embalaža ter podani opis njenih funkcij, embalažni materiali, tisk in programi, s pomočjo katerih smo pripeljali embalažo do končnega izdelka. Pregledali smo tudi nekaj embalaž mobilnih telefonov, ki so trenutno na trgu. V drugem delu pa smo opredelili metode dela, izbiro materiala, konstruiranje ter oblikovanje embalaže in njene grafične podobe. Najprej smo predstavili idejne skice, nato pa končni izdelek. Najpomembnejša funkcija embalaže, ki smo jo izdelali, je, da lahko spreminja svojo funkcijo iz embalaže za mobilni telefon v stojalo za telefon in zvočnik. S tem smo želeli doseči, da embalaža ostane uporabna tudi po tem, ko izgubi svojo primarno funkcijo. Naša embalaža pripoveduje zgodbo, je zanimiva, vidno se razlikuje od konkurenčnih, njena največja prednost pa je, da se ne zavrže že po prvi uporabi. The packaging and its graphic design are very important parts of a packaged product. We often associate the product with its packaging, as it is the first thing that we notice during our purchase. Packaging represents the product, its company and its brand so it must be carefully planned and designed. It is especially important for new products on the market that packaging tells a story and immediately catches the customer’s eye. In this diploma thesis, we concentrated on mobile phone packaging design. When purchasing a new phone, customers do not usually decide to buy the product based on its packaging nevertheless it should offer an adequate, attractive, interesting and beautiful design. We designed a mobile phone packaging that is different from other packaging on the market because it is multifunctional. In the first part of diploma thesis we described the packaging all of its features, materials, printing and computer programs that were used to complete our packaging and reach the final product. We also analysed a couple of different mobile phone packaging that are currently present on the market. In the second part of the diploma thesis, we planned and designed our own packaging, defined the working methods and chose the right material for it. After that, we presented initial sketches and then the final product/design. The most important feature of our packaging is that it has the ability to change its functioning from a regular mobile phone packaging to a mobile phone stand and a speaker. Our goal was to create a sustainable and a long-term use of the mobile phone packaging that is useful even after losing its primary function. Our packaging conveys a story, it is attractive, it is different from the rest of the offer on the market, and it is not an expendable/throwaway product.

Kroz završni rad prikazana je materijalna struktura mobilnih telefona, važnost oporabe metala i polimera iz komponenti i sklopova mobilnih telefona. Opisani su postupci zbrinjavanja mobilnih telefona i proces recikliranja mobilnih telefona po fazama rastavljanja i sortiranja. Opisani su razni toplinski i kemijski procesi recikliranja baterija mobilnih telefona, tiskanih pločica koje se nalaze u mobilnim telefonima te polimera koji se koriste u proizvodnji mobilnih telefona. Naglašava se važnost oporabe metala iz mobilnih telefona, kako bi se sačuvali prirodni resursi tih metala i uštedjela energija potrebna za vađenje metala ih njihovih ruda. Također je istaknuta važnost recikliranja polimera, koji se nakon recikliranja ponovno mogu koristiti u proizvodnji. Prikazana su razna svjetska iskustva recikliranja mobilnih telefona te nove tehnologije, nova rješenja i mjere zbrinjavanja mobilnih telefona. Ukazani su problemi nepravilnog zbrinjavanja i gomilanja otpada mobilnih telefona i negativni učinci na okoliš mobilnih telefona. The final paper presents the material structure of mobile phones, the importance of recovering metals and polymers from components and assemblies of mobile phones. The procedures for disposal of mobile phones and the process of recycling of mobile phones by disassembly and sorting stages are described. Various thermal and chemical processes of recycling mobile phone batteries, printed circuit boards found in mobile phones and polymers used in mobile phone manufacturing are described. The importance of recovering metals from mobile phones is emphasized in order to conserve the natural resources of these metals and to save the energy required to extract the metals from their ores. The importance of recycling polymers, which can be reused after production, is also outlined. There are various world experiences of mobile phone recycling and new technologies, new solutions and measures for the disposal of mobile phones. The problems of improper disposal and accumulation of mobile phone waste and the negative effects on the environment of mobile phones are pointed out.

Dejstvo je, da se internetna in mobilna tehnologija zelo hitro razvijata in sta v zadnjih letih močno spremenili predvsem potrošnjo popularno glasbenih produktov, kar predstavlja široko polje za raziskovanje. Glede na prevladujoč trend prisotnosti mobilnih telefonov na koncertih, se pričujoče delo ukvarja z raziskovanjem razlogov in motivacij posameznic_kov za uporabo mobilnih telefonov z namenom snemanja ali fotografiranja na koncertih popularne glasbe. V raziskavi, ki sem jo izvedla prek spleta, je sodelovalo 46 respondentk_ov, vprašalnik pa je bil odprtega tipa, na nekaterih mestih so bila postavljena vprašanja zaprtega tipa. Poleg raziskovanja razlogov za uporabo telefonov med koncerti, me je pri respondentkah_ih tudi zanimalo, kje in katerih koncertov se največ udeležujejo, če med koncerti fotografirajo ali snemajo ter zakaj to počnejo in kaj nadalje počnejo z narejenimi posnetki, če preko spletnih platform gledajo posnetke s koncertov ter kakšno je njihovo mnenje o prepovedi mobilnih telefonov na koncertih popularne glasbe. V zelo veliki večini imajo respondentke_i mobilni telefon na koncertih vedno pri sebi, glavna razloga pri tem sta komuniciranje in fotografiranje/snemanje, slednje pa večinoma počnejo zaradi namenov shranjevanja posnetkov v osebni arhiv in za namene deljenja posnetkov s prijateljicami_i in znankami_ci. Kasneje večina posnetke shrani v osebni arhiv, jih deli s prijateljicami_i in znankami_ci ali pa objavi na družbenih omrežjih. Večino respondentk_ov uporaba mobilnih telefonov na koncertih moti, hkrati jih je večina proti prepovedi. Rezultati so po raznolikosti bogati, kar pripelje do zanimivih zaključkov. Cilj naloge je bil razširiti polje znanja na obravnavanem področju in ponuditi izhodišča za morebitne nadaljne študije. It is a fact that internet and mobile technologies are developing fast and have, in the past few years or decades, changed mainly the popular music consumption, which presents a broad study field. Regarding the dominant trend of usage of mobile phones during concerts, the current study involves studying the reasons and motivations of individuals who use mobile phones to record or take photos during popular music concerts. 46 individuals participated in a study, which I carried out through the internet. The questionnaire consisted of open-ended and close-ended questions. Besides studying the reasons of usage of mobile phones during concerts, I was also interested where and which concerts do individuals usually attend, if they take photos or videos during concerts and why they tend to do that and also – what do they do with taken photos and videos. I was also interested if they watch concert videos on internet platforms and what is their general opinion of prohibition of mobile phones during popular music concerts. The majority of individuals always carry mobile phones with them, the main reasons are communicating, taking photos and filming. Main reasons for taking photos and filming videos are so they can save them in personal archive or share them with friends and acquaintances. Later on, the majority save the pictures and videos in their personal archive, share them with friends and acquaintances or share them on social media. A lot of respondents said they are bothered by the use of mobile phones during concerts, but the majority are still against their prohibition. The results are rich in diversity which gives interesting conclusions. The objective of this study was to broaden the study field on the present subject and to offer the basis for further studies.

V diplomskem delu obravnavam posredovanje mobilnih oziroma pametnih telefonov v medosebnih interakcijah. Osredotočila sem se predvsem na fokusirano interakcijo, ki poteka med dvema osebama, saj ta od udeležencev zahteva največ pozornosti. Pri tem me je zanimalo, kako posameznik v fokusirani interakciji uporablja telefon, pa tudi, kako se odzove, ko telefon uporablja njegov sogovornik. Pri raziskovanju sem izhajala iz Goffmanovih predpostavk o delovanju posameznika v interakcijah. Načine, kako udeleženca v interakciji skušata ohraniti pozitivno podobo in vtis pred drugim, skupaj s koncepti, kot so ohranjanje obraza, izogibanje (grožnjam za pozitivno podobo) ter korekcija (popravljanje vtisa, ko se je grožnja že zgodila), sem aplicirala na sodobne komunikacijske situacije, ko interakcijo prekinja telefon. S pomočjo petih udeležencev/-k, starih med 23 in 27 let, sem izvedla fokusno skupino in v drugem delu naloge, ob navezavi na teorijo, predstavila poglede mladih na uporabo tega medija v medosebnih fokusiranih interakcijah. Kljub pričakovanjem, da bodo do njegove uporabe precej tolerantni, se je izkazalo, da mobilni telefon v teh interakcijah zanje predstavlja moteč dejavnik. Rabi se med potekom fokusirane interakcije izrecno izogibajo, klice in sporočila pa ignorirajo. Čeprav jih moti, ko sogovornik uporablja telefon, vseeno ohranijo taktnost in se medtem zamotijo na različne načine, kot so ukvarjanje s hrano, pogledovanje okoli. Tako preprečijo grožnje za sogovornikovo pozitivno podobo ter ohranijo potek same interakcije. In my thesis I deal with the interference of mobile/smart phones in interpersonal interactions. I have focused mainly on focused interaction, which occurs between two people. This kind of interaction is the most exacting for its participants as it demands a lot of their attention. My central point of interest was how the individual uses their phone during focused interaction and also how they react when their interlocutor is using it. My research was based on Goffman’s theory on how the individual manages their interactions and behaviour when in the presence of others. I applied his concepts (face work, avoidance and corrective processes) to communication situations in which interaction is interrupted by a phone. My goal was to find out how the partners engaged in the interaction try to save their faces (positive images) and the impressions they make on each other. I conducted a focus group with five participants, aged between 23 and 27, and in the second part of this thesis I have, using theoretical groundwork, presented how young people deal with the use of mobile phones in their interpersonal interactions. Despite my presumptions about them having much more tolerance for it, they made it clear in their answers that they see mobile phones as a disruptive factor in their interactions. They explicitly avoid using their phones during focused interaction and ignore all incoming texts or calls. Although they find it annoying when their partner is using their phone, they remain considerate and try to distract themselves by doing other things, such as playing with food or looking around. By behaving tactfully, they prevent not just the partner’s positive image being threatened but also maintain the flow of the interaction itself.

V doktorski disertaciji smo obravnavali uporabo mobilnih telefonov med osnovnošolci v Sloveniji. V teoretičnem delu smo izpostavili različne vidike mladostnikovega razvoja ter vlogo družine, vrstnikov in šole pri tem. Osvetlili smo mesto in vlogo mobilnih telefonov v sodobni družbi in v življenju mladostnikov ter opozorili na možne nevarnosti in pasti uporabe mobilnih telefonov med mladostniki. Prikazali smo nekaj primerov pozitivne uporabe mobilnih telefonov v vzgojno-izobraževalnem procesu in opozorili na morebitne pasti uporabe mobilnih telefonov v vzgojno-izobraževalnem procesu. Posebno pozornost smo namenili različnim vrstam nasilja med mladostniki, zlasti nasilju s sodobno tehnologijo ter strategijam za njihovo preprečevanje in odpravljanje. Empirični del je bil zasnovan na triangulacijskem pristopu in je združeval kombinacijo kvantitativnega in kvalitativnega pedagoškega raziskovanja. Temeljna ugotovitev kvantitativnega dela raziskave, izvedene od marca do junija 2016, v kateri je sodelovalo 843 učencev 6. in 9. razredov in 158 učiteljev razrednikov iz osnovnih šol vseh statističnih regij Slovenije, je, da so mobilni telefoni močno vpeti v življenje učencev. Raziskava je potrdila, da uporabljajo učenci mobilne telefone v šoli tudi nedovoljeno. Glede na imetje in način uporabe mobilnih telefonov med učenci so mobilni telefoni statusni simbol in sredstvo socialnega povezovanja. Le približno polovica učencev je navedla, da se zavedajo škodljivosti sevanja mobilnih telefonov. Raziskava je pokazala, da so mobilni telefoni sredstvo, zaradi katerega in s katerim se izvaja nasilje. Po navedbah učencev je bila približno desetina žrtev različnih oblik medvrstniškega nasilja, ki se je dogajalo zaradi mobilnih telefonov, slabi trije odstotki učencev so že bili žrtev nasilja z mobilnimi telefoni, dober odstotek učencev pa žrtev happy slappinga. Učitelji so kot najučinkovitejšo strategijo preprečevanja nasilja z mobilnimi telefoni ocenili dosledno ukrepanje v primeru kršitev v skladu z zapisanimi pravili, kot najbolj učinkoviti strategiji odpravljanja nasilja z mobilnimi telefoni pa resno jemanje in takojšnjo obravnavo vsakega znaka nasilja ter pogovor z žrtvijo in nudenje žrtvi podpore in pomoči. V povezavi z odgovorno in varno uporabo mobilnih telefonov so izrazili največje potrebe po izobraževanju o vsebinah, povezanih z nasiljem z mobilnimi telefoni. Raziskava je pokazala tudi, da so učenci bolj kot učitelji naklonjeni uporabi mobilnih telefonov v vzgojno-izobraževalnem procesu, učitelji pa se bolj kot učenci zavedajo možnih posledic tovrstne uporabe. Kvalitativni del raziskave je temeljil na polstrukturiranih intervjujih ravnateljev in analizi dokumentov šol (vzgojni načrt, šolska pravila in hišni red). Intervjuji z ravnatelji iz osmih osnovnih šol, ki so bile zajete tudi v kvantitativni del raziskave, so pokazali, da se, po navedbah ravnateljev, šole redko soočajo z nasiljem z mobilnimi telefoni. Ravnatelji so opozorili na slabo ozaveščenost o možnih nevarnostih uporabe mobilnih telefonov med učenci in učitelji. Kot najbolj učinkovito strategijo preprečevanja nasilja z mobilnimi telefoni so navedli ozaveščanje učencev in kot najbolj učinkovito strategijo za odpravljanje tovrstnega nasilja razgovore z učenci. Ravnatelji so navedli, da imajo različne vizije preprečevanja in ukrepanja ob pojavu nasilja z mobilnimi telefoni. Analiza dokumentov šol je pokazala raznoliko in deloma pomanjkljivo urejenost pravil uporabe mobilnih telefonov v šolah ter pristopov ukrepanja ob neupoštevanju pravil. Na osnovi dobljenih rezultatov smo v zaključku doktorske disertacije podali smernice za spodbujanje odgovorne in varne uporabe mobilnih telefonov med osnovnošolci. In this doctoral dissertation we discussed mobile phone use among primary school pupils in Slovenia. In the theoretical part we pointed out different aspects of an adolescent’s development and the roles of family and peers. We highlighted the place and the role of mobile phones in contemporary society and in adolescents’ lives and we pointed out possible dangers and traps of mobile phone use in adolescents. We demonstrated some examples of benign mobile phone use in the educational process and warned about potential traps connected therewith. We placed special attention to different forms of violence among adolescents, especially contemporary technology related violence, and to approaches to its prevention and abolition. The empirical part of the thesis was based on the triangular approach and it represented a combination of quantitative and qualitative pedagogical research. The fundamental finding of the quantitative part of the research, which was being conducted from March to June 2016 and in which 843 pupils from 6th and 9th grades as well as 158 class teachers from primary schools from all statistical regions of Slovenia participated, was that the mobile phones are heavily interwoven into the lives of adolescents. Considering the characteristics and the extent of mobile phone use in pupils, there were some differences concerning the gender and the grade. Girls and pupils from the 9th grade use mobile phones more often than boys and pupils from the 6th grade do. Girls, in comparison to boys, more often state that they associate fear and anxiety with mobile phone use. Mobiles phones represent a status symbol and a means of social interaction as well as exclusion and that is how pupils perceive them. Unlike boys and pupils from the 9th grade, girls and 6th graders more often consider mobile phones as a status symbol and as a means of social interaction or exclusion while, at the same time, they also claim be more aware of harmful mobile phones radiation. The research showed that mobile phones are a means that causes violence and also a means for the execution of violence. Boys are more likely to be offenders and victims in individual acts of violence connected to mobile phones. More precisely, girls and 9th graders tend to be the victims more often than boys and 6th graders, while boys and 9th graders are also the offenders in mobile phone related violence. Furthermore, the research showed that the pupils are more in favour of mobile phone use in the educational process than the teachers are, while teachers are more aware of possible consequences thereof. As the most effective strategy for mobile phone related violence prevention, teachers evaluated consistent reaction in case of an offence in accordance with established rules and as the most effective strategies for mobile phone related violence suppression, they evaluated the following: taking the situation seriously, reacting timely to every sign of violence, talking to the victim and offering them support and help. The qualitative part of the research was based on semi-structured interviews with principals and on school documentation analysis. The basic findings of the interviews with principals of eight primary schools included in this part of this research were that the use of mobile phones during the lessons is forbidden and that they rarely face mobile phone related violence. The principals stressed the bad awareness about possibilities of uncritical mobile phone use among pupils and teachers. As the most effective strategy for violence prevention they see awareness-raising among pupils and as the most effective approach to suppression of related violence they see discussions with pupils. Principals have different visions of prevention and intervention in case of mobile phone related violence. The school documentation analysis showed a considerable non-uniformity and insufficiency in the rules of mobile phone use at schools and in the approaches to noncompliance wit

Savremeno upravljanje u katastrofama uslovljava iznalaženje optimalnih resenja u pogledu mobilnih komunikacionih sistema i aplikacija koje se mogu koristiti za unapređivanje efikasnosti sistema zastite i spasavanja. Multidisciplinarnost i sustinska komplikovanost procesa upravljanja rizicima od katastrofa uslovljava koriscenje razlicitih logistickih alata i opreme. U tom smislu, informaciono-komunikacione tehnologije igraju znacajnu ulogu jer one na svojevrstan nacin podižu nivo sposobnosti ljudi za brzo odlucivanje i smanjuju mogucnosti nastanka razlicitih gresaka. U radu se opisuju karakteristike i nacini koriscenja najpoznatiji mobilnih aplikacija koje se sirom sveta koriste u integrisanom upravljanju katastrofama sa ciljem pružanja pomoci i podrske pripadnicima interventno-spasilackih jedinica i drugim ugroženim građanima. Pored toga, sveobuhvatno se sagledavaju postojeci i ocekivani izazovi i problemi u normalnom funkcionisanju mobilnih komunikacionih sistema i aplikacija u uslovima katastrofa.

Uporaba mobilnih telefonov pri pouku. The use of mobile phones in the teaching of natural science

Cilj diplomskega dela je raziskati področje mobilne telekomunikacije in predvsem področje mobilnih telefonov ter njihove zgradbe. Glavni cilj je testiranje komponent z »benchmark« aplikacijami ter analiza teh rezultatov. Najprej sta predstavljena kratka zgodovina razvoja področja mobilne telekomunikacije skozi različne generacije in še predstavitev razvoja mobilnih telefonov skozi obdobja. V tretjem poglavju so predstavljene glavne komponente mobilnih telefonov in njihovo delovanje z namenom lažjega razumevanja, kaj se želi testirati s testnimi aplikacijami. Te aplikacije so izbrane glede na teste za posamezne komponente, ki so za uporabnike najbolj pomembne pri nakupu mobilnih telefonov. Za konec je izvedena analiza rezultatov testiranih telefonov, diplomsko delo pa se zaključi s kratko analizo vpliva rezultatov »benchmark« testov na prodajo telefonov oziroma na uporabnike, ki želijo kupiti nov telefon The objective of the thesis was to research the field of mobile telecommunications, particularly the field of mobile phones and their internal structure. The main aim was to benchmark the phones and their components with certain popular benchmark applications and analyse the results. The thesis explores the history and progress of the mobile telecommunications throughout the years. Furthermore, the development of the mobile phone is discussed. The third chapter focuses on the main components of the mobile phones and their roles. The aim of this introduction is to clearly show what is to be tested with the applications, which were chosen based on their tests of individual components that are crucial to users when choosing a new phone. An analysis of the benchmark test results is performed. The thesis concludes with a short analysis of whether the benchmark tests actually affect the phone sales as well as the users interested in purchasing a new phone.

Tehnologija se nenehno razvija in nas spremlja na vsakem koraku, zato so potrebe po njeni uporabi vedno večje. Vsakodnevno smo odvisni od nje, saj je ključna za naše delovanje in obstoj v modernem svetu, vendar za njeno uporabo potrebujemo tudi določeno znanje. V izobraževalnih ustanovah ni predmetov, namenjenih prav razumevanju uporabe in delovanja tehnologije, kljub temu pa se njena uporaba spodbuja, saj pri pouku postaja nepogrešljiva. Čezmerna uporaba tehnologije lahko vpliva na učenčevo uspešnost in na odnose med njim in učiteljem. V nekaterih primerih so mobilni telefoni označeni tudi kot moteči dejavnik. Večji poudarek na uporabi tehnologije za namen poučevanja posledično vpliva na vse manjši delež praktičnega pouka in ročnega ustvarjanja, ki sta neločljivo povezana s pridobivanjem delovnih navad in izkušenj. Vpeljava novih informacijskih sistemov v obstoječi šolski sistem zaposlenim predstavlja tudi morebitno dodatno delo, kar lahko vodi do preobremenjenosti. Technology is following us at every step. It is constantly developing, as is our needs for it. Every day, we become dependent on technology, as it is crucial for our functioning and existence in the modern world. To use technology, we also need certain knowledge. In educational institutions, there are no objects intended specifically to understand the use and operation of technology. Nevertheless, its use is encouraged, since it is a crucial part of the lessons. The disproportionate and excessive use of technology can affect the student's performance and the relationship between him and the teacher. In some cases, mobile phones are also referred to as an interfering factor. The greater emphasis on the use of technology for the purpose of teaching, consequently affects less and less practical lessons and hand crafting, which contributes to working habits and work experience. Implementing new information systems in the existing school system, also represents additional work for employees, which can lead to congestion.

Danas je pametni telefon postao nova društvena potreba i trend, osobito među mlađim dobnim skupinama, stvarajući tako brzu i veliku potražnju za svim markama mobitela. Tehnologija pametnih telefona mijenja ponašanje naroda osobito mladih, ali istraživanja koja su provedena još uvijek nisu dovoljna. Postoje praznine u razumijevanju ponašanja i preferencija potrošača prema korištenju pametnih telefona posebno za mlade. U tom smislu, cilj ovog istraživanja je bio utvrditi ponašanje studenata prilikom donošenja odluke o kupnji mobilnog telefona. Rezultati provedenog istraživanja (proveden je anketni upitnik na uzorku od 221 studenata i studentica Sveučilišta u Splitu i Zagrebu) pokazali su da: (1) cijena predstavlja najvažniji čimbenik koji utječe na odluku o kupnji mobitela (2) dostupnost i cijena rezervnih dijelova podjednako je važna studentima muškog i ženskog spola (3) maksimalna cijena koju su studenti spremni izdvojiti za kupnju mobitela razlikuje se s obzirom na visinu mjesečnog dohotka (4) studenti veće dobne skupine daju veću važnost veličini glavnog zaslona, kao i težini mobitela (5) ne postoji značajna povezanost između učestalosti promjene mobitela i razine dohotka (6) ne postoji statistički značajna povezanost između dohotka kućanstva i važnosti elementa koji utječu na odluku o učestalosti mijenjanja mobitela. Nowadays, the smart phone has become a new social need and trend, especially among the younger age groups, creating a fast and large demand for all brands of mobile phones. Smartphone technology changes the behaviour of particularly young people and research regarding this subject are still more than welcome. There are gaps in understanding the behaviour and preference of consumers using smart phones, especially for young people. The purpose of this research was to determine the behaviour of students while making a decision to buy a mobile phone. The results of the conducted survey (a questionnaire survey was conducted on a sample of 221 students from the University of Split and Zagreb) showed that: (1) the price is the most important factor affecting the decision to buy a cell phone (2) availability and price of spare parts are equally important for male and female students 3) the maximum price that students are willing to spend on a mobile phone differs with regard to their income (4) older students give greater importance to the size of the main screen as well as the weight of the cell phone (5) there is no significant connection between the frequency of mobile change and the level of income (6) there is no statistically significant correlation between household income and the importance of the element that affects the frequency of mobile purchase.

Cilj: Mikroorganizmi preživljavaju na različitim površinama koje na taj način postaju potencijalni rezervoar infekcije. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi razinu i vrstu mikrobne kontaminacije na mobilnim uređajima studenata Medicinskog fakulteta i laboratorijskih djelatnika u Kliničkom bolničkom centru u Rijeci te utvrditi postoje li razlike s obzirom na spol ispitanika te vrstu tipkovnice mobilnog telefona. Ispitanici i metode: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 154 ispitanika, 83 studenata medicine i 71 laboratorijski djelatnik. Uziman je otisak s površine njihovih mobilnih telefona CT3P agarom te se nakon inkubacije od 24 sata na 35±2°C odredio ukupan broj mezofilnih aerobnih bakterija po cm2 (CFU/cm2). Bakterije su identificirane na temelju makroskopskog i mikroskopskog izgleda te odgovarajućih biokemijskih testova. Rezultati: Ukupan broj bakterija, bio je značajno veći u skupini studenata te muških ispitanika. U obje skupine ispitanika na mobilnim uređajima dominiraju Staphylococcus. epidermidis i drugi koagulaza negativni stafilokoki. Međutim, u obje skupine ispitanika utvrđeno je prisustvo Staphylococcus aureus te enterokoka, dok je bakterija iz roda Proteus utvrđena samo u skupini laboratorijskih djelatnika. Nije bilo značajne razlike u mikrobnoj kontaminaciji mobilnih telefona s tipkovnicom u odnosu na one s ekranom osjetljivim na dodir. Zaključak: Razina i vrsta mikrobne kontaminacije na mobilnim uređajima može predstavljati potencijalni izvor infekcije. S obzirom na to da su izolirane bakterije, Staphylococcus aureus, enterokoki te enterobakterije poznati uzročnici bolničkih infekcija, smatramo opravdanim pripremu i uvođenje smjernica za provođenje i kontrolu higijene mobilnih telefona u zdravstvenim ustanovama., Objective: The microorganisms can survive on different surfaces which thus becomes a potential reservoir of infection. The aim of this study was to determine the level and type of microbial contamination on mobile phones from medical students in the Faculty of Medicine and laboratory staff in the Clinical Hospital Centre in Rijeka. Furthermore, the goal was to determine whether there are differences in the microbial contamination of mobile phones between these two groups, the differences based on sex subjects and types of mobile phone keypad. Patients and Methods: The study included a total of 154 participants, 83 medical students and 71 laboratory worker. Surface sapling of their mobile phones was conducted by contact application with CT3P agar and after an incubation of 24 hours at 35 ± 2 ° C the total number of bacteria per cm2 (CFU / cm2) were determined. The bacteria were futher identified based on the macroscopic and microscopic appearance, and various biochemical tests. Results: The total number of bacteria was significantly higher in the group of students and males of both groups. On mobile phones in both groups of participants, Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagullase negative staphylococci. In addition, the presence of Staphylococcus aureus and pathogens belonging to the genus Enterococcus was found, whil Proteus genotype was found only in a group of laboratory workers. There were no significant differences in microbial contamination of mobile phones with a keyboard than in those with touchscreen. Conclusion: The level and type of microbial contamination on mobile phones can be a potential source of infection. As isolates of bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, enterococci and enterobacteria are well known cause of hospital infections, further tests within the hospital environment, in order to confirm the validity of the introduction of guidelines for the implementation and control of hygiene of mobile phone in health care facilities are preferred.

Motena vožnja dandanes predstavlja resnejšo grožnjo za vse udeležence cestnega prometa. Motečih dejavnikov je sicer lahko veliko, magistrsko delo pa temelji na nevarnosti uporabe mobilnih naprav med vozniki motornih vozil v cestnem prometu. Z magistrskim delom smo želeli opozoriti na tovrstno problematiko in prispevati k ozaveščenosti med ljudmi, saj lahko uporaba mobilnih naprav med vožnjo vodi k številnim resnim posledicam, ki se kažejo predvsem v cestnoprometnih nezgodah. V teoretičnim delu magistrskega dela smo obravnavali razloge za uporabo mobilnih naprav, načine uporabe, slovensko in tujo zakonodajo, nevarnosti in posledice rabe mobilnih naprav in rešitve ter ukrepe za zmanjšanje uporabe mobilnih naprav med vožnjo. V empirični del magistrskega dela je vključena Raziskava o uporabi mobilnih naprav med vozniki motornih vozil v cestnem prometu in statistične analize, s katerimi smo ugotavljali, v kolikšni meri posamezniki uporabljajo mobilne naprave, na kakšne načine jih uporabljajo in ali se zavedajo nevarnosti uporabe tovrstne tehnologije. V raziskavi, ki je zajemala 50 spremenljivk oz. trditev, je sodelovalo 285 respondentov, njihovi odgovori so nam pomagali pri preverjanju naših šestih zastavljenih hipotez. Rezultati opravljene raziskave nakazujejo na to, da kar 79 % anketirancev uporablja mobilne naprave med vožnjo za različne namene, kot so telefoniranje, pošiljanje SMS sporočil, uporaba navigacije, fotografiranje, pregledovanje in objavljanje na socialnih omrežij. Analiza podatkov nam je pokazala, da se posamezniki zavedajo nevarnosti uporabe mobilnih naprav med vožnjo, a jih vseeno uporabljajo. V prihodnosti bo zato potrebno narediti korak naprej pri zmanjševanju in preprečevanju uporabe mobilnih naprav med vožnjo, obenem pa se moramo zavedati, da je uporaba mobilne naprave v določenih situacijah vendarle lahko koristna in neizogibna. One of the biggest threats drivers face nowadays is impaired driving. While there are many distractions on the road, our masters degree is based on the impact that using mobile devices whilst driving motor vehicles has on the driver. Our main goal is to point out the issues and create awareness among the people because using mobile devices while driving can lead to many serious consequences which are mainly reflected in traffic accidents. The theoretical part of our masters degree includes discussion about reasons for using mobile devices, ways of using, Slovenian and foreign law, the dangers and consequences of the use of mobile devices. On the other hand, we will compare solutions as well as measures to reduce the use of mobile devices while driving. We conducted a survey, included in our empirical part. We researched the use of mobile devices among vehicle drivers and made statistical analysis, used to determine the extent to which people use mobile devices, in what ways are they using them and whether they are aware of its dangers and consequences. The study, consisting of 50 variables and 285 respondents, has helped us in verifying our six hypotheses. The results of the survey indicate that 79 % of respondents use their mobile devices while driving for different purposes, such as phone calls, text messages, navigation, photoshooting, checking news feeds and publishing on social networks. Data analysis has shown that individuals are aware of the dangers of using mobile devices while driving, but nevertheless that does not deter them from using. In the future a step towards the reduction and prevention of the use of mobile devices while driving, should be taken. However, we should also be aware that the use of mobile device in certain situations may be useful and unavoidable.

V teoretičnem delu diplomskega dela se osredotočamo na programske rešitve, ki jih ponujajo mobilni operacijski sistemi za lociranje pametnega mobilnega telefona v primeru izgube ali tatvine. Vsi najpogostejši operacijski sistemi (iOS, Android, Windows 10 Mobile in BlackBerry 10) ponujajo svojo programsko rešitev. Pri vsaki rešitvi smo napisali pogoje za aktivacijo, delovanje in praktično uporabo. Naredili smo tudi primerjavo med programskimi rešitvami posameznih mobilnih operacijskih sistemov. Zaradi večje funkcionalnosti pametnih mobilnih telefonov je na njih shranjeno vse več osebnih in službenih podatkov, ki jih prenašamo s seboj. Odtujitev pametnih mobilnih telefonov je vse bolj pogosta zaradi vrednosti naprav, podatkov, prenosljivosti in funkcionalnosti, s katerimi se lahko nepridipravi okoristijo. Ker pametni mobilni telefoni vsebujejo vse več podatkov ter dostopov do podatkov, ki so lahko službene ali osebne narave in hkrati pomenijo visoko vrednost za posameznika ali organizacijo, je zavarovanje teh naprav za posameznika še bolj pomembno. K temu varovanju pripomorejo tehnične in organizacijske rešitve. K tehničnim rešitvam sodijo tudi programske rešitve za lociranje pametnega mobilnega telefona. Slednje pod določenimi pogoji pokažejo lokacijo pametnega mobilnega telefona in omogočajo oddaljen dostop do mobilne naprave. Raziskovalni del diplomskega dela obsegata raziskava in statistična analiza, s katero smo ugotavljali, koliko uporabnikov pametnih mobilnih telefonov uporablja varnostne mehanizme za zaščito podatkov na svoji napravi ter v kolikšni meri poznajo in uporabljajo programske rešitve za lociranje pametnih mobilnih telefonov v primeru izgube ali tatvine. In the theoretical part of the thesis we focus on software solutions offered by the mobile operating systems for locating a smartphone in the case of loss or theft. All the most common operating systems (iOS, Android, Windows 10 Mobile and BlackBerry 10) offer their own software solution. For each solution the conditions for activation, functioning and practical usage have been written. A comparison between all the software solutions of each mobile operating systems has also been done. Due to the increasing functionality of smartphones, the devices have become a huge storage of our personal and business data which we carry with us. Theft of smartphones is becoming more common due to the value of devices, the data stored in them, the portability and the functionality, which criminals can take advantage of. Nowadays, smartphones contain more and more data or access to data that can be of business or of personal nature. And since they represent a high value for an individual or an organization the security of these devices is even more important. There are technical and organizational solutions that can help us secure them. The technical solutions include software solutions for locating a smartphone. Under certain conditions these solutions show the location of a smartphone and allow us to get remote access to a mobile device. The research part of the thesis represents the research and the statistical analysis, which have been used to determine how many users of smartphones use security mechanisms to protect data on their devices and how well they know and use the software solutions for locating smartphones in the case of theft or loss.

Medmrežje je postalo poligon za mladostnike, saj svoj prosti čas preživljajo za računalnikom ali mobilnim telefonom, z neomejenim dostopom do interneta. Pri razkrivanju svoje zasebnosti nimajo zavor in mnogi so mnenja, »če nisi na internetu, sploh ne obstajaš«. Prav je, da znajo uporabljati internet, ki jim je bil praktično položen v zibelko, vendar se morajo zavedati nevarnosti, ki jih internet prinaša. Z objavljanjem fotografij so lahke tarče spletnih zalezovalcev, ki lahko živijo na drugem koncu sveta. Včasih so zamere reševali z neposrednim stikom, danes pa na spletu, z objavljanjem raznoraznih psovk, žaljivk, retuširanih fotografij in podobno. Čeprav se zdi, da je to dejanje lažje storjeno, saj ni očesnega kontakta, je kljub varnim stenam doma žrtev lahko veliko bolj prizadeta. Spletno nasilje je postalo globalni problem, ki so ga strokovnjaki klasificirali v različne oblike. Zaradi objavljanja fotografij pa je svoj domet razširila tudi otroška pornografija. Spletno okolje kot tako res ni ustvarilo kaznivih dejanj spolnih zlorab otrok in izkoriščanja, je pa povečalo obseg in dostop za potencialne storilce. Za varnost mladih so ustanovljeni spletni portali, ki težijo k osveščanju mladih, staršev, zaposlenih v šolstvu, k prijavam spletnih kaznivih dejanj, le tako se preiskovalci lahko lotijo iskanja storilcev. Organizirajo se predavanja, delavnice, izdajajo publikacije. Pomembno je, da se vsak posameznik zaveda nevarnosti interneta. Institucije v državi so dolžne sprejeti ustrezne ukrepe nadzora nad problematiko, obenem pa upoštevati otrokove pravice do raziskovanja novega okolja. V tujini so znani primeri spletnega nasilja, ki so se žal že nemalokrat tragično končali, zato je pomembno stremeti k načrtovanju, da nas sistem ne prehiti. Nihče si namreč ne želi, da bi tudi v naši državi pisali o tragičnih primerih s področja nasilja na spletu. Das Internet ist für die Jugendlichen zum Ort des Zeitvertreibs geworden, da sie ihre Freizeit mit dem Computer oder Smartphone mit unbegrenztem Internetzugang verbringen. Sie legen ihre Privatsphäre ohne Hemmungen offen und viele sind der Meinung, dass man »überhaupt nicht existierst, wenn man nicht im Internet anwesend ist«. Es ist richtig, dass sich Jugendliche mit Internet-Technologien auskennen, sie wurden ihnen praktisch in die Wiege gelegt, sie müssen sich aber der Gefahren des Internets bewusst sein. Durch Veröffentlichungen von Fotos können sie leicht Opfer von Cyberstalkern werden, die auf dem anderen Ende der Welt leben können. Früher wurden Streite über direkten Kontakt gelöst, heute durch Veröffentlichungen verschiedener Schimpfwörter, Beleidigungen, retuschierten Fotos und Ähnlichem. Obwohl diese Tat leichter zu begehen ist, weil es keinen Augenkontakt gibt, kann das Opfer trotz des Schutzes der eigenen vier Wände viel mehr verletzt werden. Cyber-Mobbing ist zum globalen Problem geworden, das Experten in verschiedene Arten unterteilten. Und nicht nur das, wegen Veröffentlichungen von Fotos hat sich auch Kinderpornografie weiterverbreitet. Das Internet als solches hat zwar keine Straftaten der Kindesmissbrauchs und -misshandlungen verursacht, hat aber die Reichweite und Zugänglichkeit für potentielle Täter vergrößert. Für die Sicherheit der Jugendlichen sind Webportale eingerichtet worden, die Jugendliche, Eltern und Beschäftigte im Bildungswesen zur Anzeigen von Straftaten im Internet ermutigen, weil nur auf diese Weise Ermittlungsbeamte an die Ausforschung der Täter in Angriff nehmen können. Es werden Vorträge und Workshops organisiert sowie Publikationen veröffentlicht. Es ist wichtig, dass sich jeder Einzelne der Gefahren des Internets bewusst ist. Staatliche Institutionen sind dazu verpflichtet, entsprechende Maßnahmen zur Aufsicht dieser Problematik zu beschließen und zugleich Kinderrechte hinsichtlich Erforschung neuer Umfelde zu beachten. Im Ausland sind Fälle des Cyber-Mobbings bekannt, die leider häufig tragisch endeten und deswegen muss angestrebt werden, die Oberhand über dieses System zu haben. Niemand wünscht sich nämlich, dass im unseren Staat über tragische Vorfälle wegen Cyber-Mobbings berichtet wird.

U ovom završnom radu je opisano kriminalističko istraživanje kaznenog djela Nametljivo ponašanje sa osvrtom na elektroničke (digitalne) dokaze. Definirani elektronički dokazi, koji imaju važnu ulogu u razrješavanju i otkrivanju kaznenih djela, pa tako i ovog kaznenog djela koji je tema ovog rada. Spomenuta su i kaznena djela povezana s računalnim sustavima, programima i datotekama kojih je u današnje doba sve više upravo zbog razvoja tehnologije. U ovom slučaju, govori se o počinjenju kaznenog djela Nametljivo ponašanje, putem mobilnog telefona koji je korišten kao sredstvo za počinjenje kaznenog djela. Opisan je jedan takav slučaj te dokazi koji su na njemu pronađeni. Također je rečeno koje izvidne i druge radnje su poduzete da bi se prikupili dokazi koji su neophodni za kazneni postupak.

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of certain visual attributes of mobile phones on participants’ aesthetic preferences of the phones. Three factors have been systematically manipulated – the size of the mobile phone, the ratio between its height and its width and the curved versus sharp shape of its borders. 31 participants (with the average age of 25 years) have ranked the phones on the beautiful – ugly continuum. Only the size of the mobile phones has proven to be a significant factor, with participants preferring bigger phones. Asked to explain their criteria of aesthetic preferences and why they’ve rated certain phones as the most and the least beautiful, equal number of participants said that they preferred phones with curved and sharp edges, though phones with extremely curved shape were the least preferred. The simplicity of the phone, the size of its screen and the characteristics of its keyboard were also mentioned as important criteria for aesthetic preferences of our subjects.

Električna i elektronska oprema (EE oprema) već duže vremena spada u najrašireniju industriju na svijetu. Kako raste proizvodnja tako raste i količina otpada koju je potrebno zbrinuti. Najveće količine električne i elektronske opreme obuhvaćaju mobilne telefone, kojih je sada već oko sedam milijardi, a svake godine se očekuje sve veća količina mobilnih telefona, od kojih će većina nakon korištenja biti odložena na odlagalište otpada. U ovom radu opisani su dijelovi mobitela, njihove količine te metode izdvajanja korisnih metala. Prema dobivenim rezultatima, vidljivo je da se elektrostatičkom separacijom ne mogu dobiti zadovoljavajući rezultati. Koncentracijski stol se pokazao dobrim uređajem za izdvajanje metala, s tim da bi se moglo postići i daljnje izdvajanje određenih vrsta metala ostalim metodama separacije., Electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) has been one of the widest spread industries in the world for quite a while. As production grows so grows the amount of WEEE (Waste electrical and electronic equipment). The greatest amount of electrical and electronic equipment includes mobile phones which have been over seven billion pieces so far and an increase of their number is to be expected every year and most of them ending up on waste disposal after being used. In this paper the pieces of cell phones, their amount and the method of extracting useful metals are described. According to the results, it is obvious that it is not possible to get satisfactory results by electrostatic separation. Shaking table has proved as a good device for extracting metal and there could be a further isolation of certain types of metal achieved by other methods of separation.

V magistrski nalogi smo raziskali zgodovino pametnih telefonov ter njihovo vključenost na profesionalnem produkcijskem področju. Zanimalo nas je v kolikšni meri je področje uporabno za novinarje oz. ali je njihova uporaba pri medijski produkciji smiselna. Preverili smo, v kakšnem obsegu se medijske hiše prilagajajo novemu modelu obveščanja javnosti. Želeli smo izvedeti, kako napredne so aplikacije pri produkciji videa, katere so njihove prednosti in slabosti ter kakšne so možnosti izboljšave. Področje smo testirali z lastno uporabniško izkušnjo pri izdelavi dveh videov z enako temo – prvi je narejen s pomočjo pametnega telefona, drugi pa na klasičen način. Končna izdelka smo primerjali ter analizirali. In master thesis we researched the history of smartphones and involvement of application for video production in the area of professional video producers. We wanted to know in what dimension is this field usable for journalists and if this kind of production is functional in media production. We reviewed the extent of media companies modulation for the new model of journalism. We were interested in the progressiveness of applications, their straights, weaknesses and chances for improving them. We researched the area with our own production of two videos – one made on the smartphone and the other with classic equipment. We compered and analyzed final products.

Uporaba pametnega mobilnega telefona se iz dneva v dan povečuje, kar nam v sodobnem svetu omogoča, da smo na vsakem koraku povezani s svetom in bi si kot napredni uporabniki težko predstavljali dan brez lastne naprave. Grožnjam, ki nam pretijo, se nikoli ne bomo mogli izogniti, saj potencialni napadalec igra umazano igro in vedno izumlja nove načine napadov, zato moramo sami v največji meri poskrbeti za zaščito svojih podatkov na pametnem mobilnem telefonu. Na voljo imamo zaščitne in varnostne mehanizme, ki nam jih ponujajo pametni mobilni telefoni. S tem bi zmanjšali tveganje pred izgubo ali zlorabo podatkov in si predčasno zagotovili dostopnost do podatkov z uporabo varnostne kopije. Skozi teoretični del se bomo sprehodili čez najbolj poznane zaščitne mehanizme pametnih mobilnih telefonov od najbolj enostavnih do bolj kompleksnih, a preprostih za uporabo, pojasnili bomo pozitivne lastnosti rabe teh ter uporabnika ozavestili o smotrnosti uporabe, saj zagotavljanje varnosti podatkov na napravah zagotovo ne predstavlja primarne funkcije uporabe. Drugi del diplomske naloge je namenjen lastnemu raziskovanju, v katerem smo izvedli intervju z državnim nadzornikom za varstvo osebnih podatkov. V okviru diplomskega dela smo z uporabo ankete pridobili rezultate o zagotavljanju varnosti podatkov na pametnih mobilnih telefonih. The use of smartphones increases every day and enables us to stay in touch with the modern world. However, as advanced users, we can hardly imagine one day without our own device. We will never be able to avoid threats because attackers may play a dirty game without regard to law and constantly develop new ways of attacking. This is why we have to fully protect our data on the smartphones ourselves. All we can do is to put in place security and protection mechanisms offered by smartphones as this can reduce the risk of data loss and misuse as well as ensure timely backup. The theoretical part presents the most common smartphone protection mechanisms, from simple to more complex ones, which are nevertheless easy to use. Furthermore, it explains the positive features of those mechanisms and raises user awareness of their purpose, since ensuring data security on devices does certainly not constitute their primary function. The second part of the thesis focuses on the research. We interviewed the state supervisor for personal data protection. In addition, we conducted a survey and obtained the results on ensuring data security on smartphones.

Zgodovina nas uči, da je nasilje prisotno med nami odkar pomnimo. Nenasilen pristop k reševanju konfliktov je za človeštvo dokaj nov, saj se je začel globalno uveljavljati po koncu 2. svetovne vojne z ustanovitvijo OZN. Vendar pa je za uveljavitev tako velikih ideoloških sprememb ter navad na globalnem nivoju potreben čas. Tako je bilo za generacije naših staršev popolnoma samoumevno izvajanje nasilja nad učenci s strani učiteljev. Pretirane pozornosti se ni posvečalo tudi fizičnemu obračunavanju med sovrstniki, saj je dobršen del bil mnenja, da je to sprejemljiv način reševanja nesoglasij. Takšni obliki nasilja sta dandanes v upadu, v porastu pa je nova oblika nasilja. S tem, ko je svetovna populacija množično sprejela nove internetne ter mobilne storitve, so se odprla vrata nasilju tudi na tem področju. Podobno kot tradicionalno nasilje tudi spletna različica ni omejena demografsko ali starostno. Posebno težo pa mu daje lastnost, katera zagotovo ni značilna za klasične oblike. Posameznik lahko izvaja spletno nasilje nad osebo, s katero nima fizičnih stikov ter jo celo ne pozna. Praviloma lahko trdimo, da je število potencialnih žrtev pri klasičnem vrstniškem nasilju omejeno z okoljem, kjer se izvajalec nasilja giblje oziroma prebiva. Popoln kontrast temu je zaznati na področju spletnega nasilja. V tem primeru ima nasilnež moč doseči veliko širši del populacije, saj ga omejuje zgolj internetna povezava. Če pomislimo na dejstvo, da ima dandanes v razvitem svetu dostop do interneta skoraj vsakdo, lahko predpostavljamo, da je takšna oblika nasilja zelo razširjena. Večina spletno nasilje dojema kot del internetne izkušnje, zagotovo pa ne kot kršitev pravnih predpisov. Posledice takšnih dejanj lahko močno prizadenejo žrtve ter njihove najbližje. Glede na to, da so posledice primerljive tistim, ki jih pušča vrstniško nasilje je prav, da se tudi za spletno nasilje odgovarja na primerljivem nivoju. Skrajni čas je tudi, da se začnemo zavedati in aktivno reševati ta problem, saj je veliko resnejši kot se morda zdi na prvi pogled. We are taught that violence has been present amongst our society all throughout human history. Nonviolent approach to problem solving is a fairly new concept, which has been increasing on a global scale, ever since the establishment of the United Nations, after the 2nd Word War. However, these kind of ideological changes and habits, especially on a global scale, need time to take effect. The use of violence, as a form of teachers punishing disruptive students, was considered justified during our parents’ generations. Even physical abuse and confrontation amongst students was considered as a legitimate way of solving conflicts and didn’t seem to get much attention. Nowadays, this kind of violence is in decline but there is a new forms of violence which is on the uprise. By introducing new kinds of technology, such as the internet access and mobile services, violence has been able to spread to those areas as well. Similar to traditional violence, the internet version of it isn’t limited by demographics or age. However, there is one feature that is typical for this kind of violence, which the traditional one is lacking. An individual is able to exercise internet violence against a person, whom he doesn’t know and has no physical contact with. When it comes to a classic form of peer-to-peer violence, the number of potential victims is limited by surroundings and the mobility of the offender. Internet violence, on the other hand has no such limitations. The only limitation is the internet access, which allows the bully to reach a higher number of population. Considering the fact that most developed countries have internet access, we can assume that this kind of violence is extremely widespread. Most people perceive internet violence as a part of the internet experience itself and definitely not as violation of law. Consequences of these kind of actions can have a severe impact on the victims and their family members and are definitely comparable to the ones caused by peer-to-peer form of violence. It’s time we start realising that internet violence is a serious problem and should be actively dealt with in a proper manner.

Mikroorganizmi, uzročnici infekcija, preživljavaju na različitim površinama koje na taj način postaju kontinuirani rezervoar infekcije. To je naročito značajno u osjetljivim bolničkim sredinama gdje postoji rizik od razvoja bolničkih infekcija U ovom prospektivnom istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 154 ispitanika, 83 studenta Medicine i 71 laboratorijski djelatnik. Uziman je otisak površine njihovih mobilnih telefona, CT3P agarom te se nakon inkubacije od 24 sata na 35±2°C odredio ukupan broj bakterija po cm2 (CFU/cm2). Bakterije su identificirane nakon porasta čiste kulture na temelju makroskopskog i mikroskopskog izgleda te različitih biokemijskih testova. Rezultati su pokazali da je CFU/cm2 bio značajno veći u skupini studenata te u muških ispitanika. Nije bilo razlika u vrstama bakterijskih izolata. U obje skupine ispitanika na mobilnim uređajima dominiraju S. epidermidis i drugi koagulaza negativni stafilokoki, Micrococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp., dok su u manjem broju slučajeva izolirani S. aureus, Enterococcus spp., enterobakterije i nefermentativne bakterije. Međutim, udio pojedinih vrsta se razlikovao među ispitanicima, što zajedno s rezultatima o ukupnom broju bakterija upućuje na važnost provođenja higijene ruku što ima utjecaj na razinu i vrstu mikrobne kontaminacije mobilnih uređaja. S obzirom na to da su neke od izoliranih bakterijskih vrsta poznati uzročnici bolničkih infekcija, potrebna su daljnja ispitivanja unutar bolničke sredine, kako bi se utvrdila opravdanost uvođenja smjernica za provođenje i kontrolu higijene mobilnih telefona u zdravstvenim ustanovama.

Diplomska naloga se deli na teoretični in raziskovalni del. V teoretičnem delu sta v prvi vrsti opisana tehnološki vpliv na pojav sekstinga in definicija samega pojava različnih avtorjev – seksting je pošiljanje/izmenjavanje napol golih ali golih fotografij z vrstniki preko spleta ali mobilnega telefona. Opisani so razlogi in tveganja samega dejanja ter posledice, ki jih razdelimo na pravne in družbene. Obe skupini posledic lahko zelo vplivata na naša življenja in pustita dolgotrajne posledice. Pojasnjena je tudi pravno zakonska ureditev s pravnimi primeri in zakonodajnimi odzivi raznih držav na problematiko sekstinga. V Sloveniji se razširjanje golih ali napol golih fotografij sebe ali mladoletnika obravnava kot kaznivo dejanje in se lahko kaznuje z zaporno kaznijo od 6 mesecev do 8 let. Vloga družbe ima velik vpliv na pogled in razumevanje sekstinga, zato so v teoretičnem delu opisani nasveti za starše, učitelje in tudi mlade, kako preprečiti in se spopasti s pojavom sekstinga. Naštetih je tudi pet večjih raziskav na področju sekstinga, ki prikazujejo resnično pogostost tega pojava, a razkrivajo, da je seksting iz leta v leto v upadu. Drugi, raziskovalni del diplomske naloge predstavlja raziskavo in analizo anketnega vprašalnika, katere namen je ugotoviti kakšno je razumevanje sekstinga med mladimi, v kolikšni meri ga prakticirajo in če se zavedajo dejanskih negativnih posledic samega pojava. Na podlagi rezultatov analize anketnega vprašalnika smo testirali zastavljene hipoteze diplomske naloge. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and research section. The theoretical part primarily describes the technological impact on the phenomenon of sexting and introduces the definition of this phenomenon by different authors – seksting is sending/sharing nude or semi-nude photos with peers via the Internet or a mobile phone. The thesis describes the reasons for and the risks of such behaviour as well as its consequences, which are divided into the legal and social ones. Both groups of consequences can greatly influence our lives and cause lasting repercussions. Furthermore, regularisation is explained along with legal cases and legislative responses of different countries to the issue of sexting. In Slovenia, the distribution of nude or semi-nude photos of oneself or a minor can be considered a criminal act and can be punished by 6 months to 8 years in prison. The role of the society has a huge impact on the view and understanding of sexting, therefore the theoretical part offers parents, teachers and the youth some tips on how to prevent and deal with the issue of sexting. Five major researches on sexting are listed, which show the true frequency of the phenomenon, but also reveal that sexting is in decline. The research part of the thesis presents research and analysis of the questionnaire, its intention being to determine the understanding of sexting among young people, the extent of its practice and whether the youth are aware of the negative consequences of the phenomenon. Based on the results of the analysis of our questionnaire we tested the hypotheses of the thesis.

V teoretičnem delu diplomskega dela je opisano biometrično overjanje na osnovi prstnega odtisa, ki se uporablja kot tehnični varnostni mehanizem v pametnih mobilnih telefonih. Razloženo je njegovo delovanje in praktična uporaba v pametnih mobilnih telefonih, ki so trenutno na voljo na slovenskem trgu in hkrati omogočajo možnost biometričnega overjanja. Pametni mobilni telefoni nam danes omogočajo, da na njih shranjujemo in prenašamo tudi večje količine manj ali pa bolj občutljivih digitalnih podatkov, katerih zloraba bi morebiti lahko popolnoma spremenila naše življenje. Prav zaradi tega se je pojavila želja po informacijski varnosti in zavarovanju teh podatkov, da ne bi prišlo do raznoraznih nedovoljenih vstopov in posegov v naše pametne mobilne telefone. Na področju varovanja podatkov je k temu veliko prispeval hiter razvoj informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije, saj se je razvila biometrična tehnologija, ki je varovalka pred grožnjami zoper informacijsko varnost v pametnih mobilnih telefonih. Biometrična tehnologija v mobilnem svetu predstavlja novejši varnostni element, kajti omogoča prepoznavanje posameznika na podlagi edinstvenih človeških lastnosti, kot je prstni odtis. Biometrične lastnosti človeka nudijo precej zanesljivo identifikacijo, saj se prstni odtisi posameznikov skozi življenje ne spreminjajo. Biometrija je iz tega razloga postala ena izmed boljših in preprostejših načinov za zagotavljanje učinkovite varnosti ljudi in njihovih podatkov. Raziskovalni del diplomskega dela predstavlja raziskava in statistična analiza, s katero smo ugotavljali, kako imajo uporabniki pametnih mobilnih telefonov zaščitene svoje naprave ter koliko poznajo in uporabljajo biometrijo v pametnih mobilnih telefonih. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis describes the biometric authentication system based on fingerprints, which is used as a technical security mechanism in smartphones. Further explained is its function and practical application in smartphones that are currently available on the Slovenian market and enable the possibility of biometric authentication. Nowadays smartphones enable us to store and transmit also huge quantities of more or less sensitive personal data, the misuse of which could eventually completely change our lives. Exactly for this reason arose the request for information security and assurance of this data to prevent all kinds of cyber threats to our smartphones. Rapid advance in information and communication technology made a substantial contribution on the field of data security, because of the development of biometric technology that safeguard against threats against information security in smartphones. Biometric technology in the mobile world presents the latest security element, allowing the identification of an individual based on unique human characteristics such as a fingerprint. The biometric characteristics of human being offer quite reliable identification, because the fingerprints of individuals do not change throughout their lifetime. Therefore, biometrics has become one of the best and easiest ways to ensure effective security of people and their data. The research part of the thesis is comprised of a research and statistical analysis, which were used to determine how smartphone users protect their devices and how much they know about and use biometrics in smartphones.

Doktorska disertacija z naslovom Grožnje informacijski varnosti pri rabi mobilnih naprav sistematično prikazuje razvoj mobilnih naprav, ki so v zadnjem času postale nepogrešljiv delovni pripomoček uporabnikov. Disertacija z dvostopenjsko raziskavo prikaže tudi celovit pogled na aktualne razmere na področju rabe mobilnih naprav v posameznih organizacijah. Mobilne naprave so namreč v sodobnosti toliko uporabljane tudi zaradi možnosti nenehnega dostopanja do podatkov. To omogočajo prav napredna omrežja ter hiter razvoj strojne in programske opreme. V uvodnem delu doktorske disertacije so opisane tendence vzajemnega razvoja posameznih delov tehnologije mobilnih naprav, ki šele celovito predstavljajo mobilne naprave omrežja, strojna in programska oprema. Za boljše razumevanje močnega vpliva mobilnih naprav na ljudi in način dela je v doktorski disertaciji predstavljen razvoj tako mobilnih naprav kot celote kot tudi njihovih posameznih delov. Kot pomemben mejnik v razvoju mobilnih naprav je navedeno leto 2007, ko je podjetje Apple izdalo svoj prvi model iPhona. Ta je namreč popolnoma spremenil način dela z mobilno napravo (npr: bolj preprosta uporaba, hitrejši dostop do interneta itn.), s čimer se je spremenila uporabniška izkušnja. Doktorska disertacija predstavlja tudi področja najpogostejše rabe mobilnih naprav. Te najdemo v skoraj vsakem delovnem okolju, zato obstaja tudi ustrezna programska oprema za raznovrstna opravila. Poleg razvoja mobilnih naprav ima v teoretičnem delu doktorske disertacije pomembno mesto opis groženj in možnosti zaščit. Predvsem pri grožnjah je velik poudarek na njihovi stalni rasti in razvijanju. Mobilne naprave so uporabnikom sicer olajšale vsakodnevna opravila, a ob njihovi rabi zasledimo tudi veliko nevarnosti. Te so obravnavane kot grožnje, ki jim je namenjen pomemben del doktorske disertacije. V tem delu so opisi in razdelitve groženj na podlagi predhodnih razdelitev številnih organizacij, za boljšo preglednost pa je tu še avtorjeva lastna razdelitev, ki ponuja širši pogled na nenehno razvijajoče se grožnje mobilnim napravam. Opisane so tudi raziskave večjih organizacij, ki večkrat na leto poročajo o številu groženj uporabnikom mobilnih naprav, pri tem pa opažajo veliko povečevanje teh. V doktorski disertaciji so omenjena tudi tveganja in varnostne rešitve. Te avtor glede na spoznanja iz teorije in glede na raziskave razdeli na tehnične in organizacijske rešitve oziroma ukrepe. V nadaljevanju je predstavljena metoda, po kateri je bila izpeljana raziskava za namene doktorske disertacije, in posamezni rezultati prvega dela raziskave. Raziskava je zajela 34 organizacij, v katerih ugotavljamo celovit pogled na rabo mobilnih naprav. Pri tem so ključna vprašanja, ali se njihovi uporabniki zavedajo groženj mobilnim napravam, ali uporabljajo varnostne rešitve, s kakšnim namenom uporabljajo mobilne naprave ter kaj jim to pomeni (npr: konkurenčno prednost v poslovnem svetu). V prvem delu raziskave je na spletni vprašalnik v celoti odgovorilo več kot 300 uporabnikov mobilnih naprav. Rezultati analize odgovorov potrjujejo naša predhodna predvidevanja. Sodelujoči pogosto uporabljajo mobilne naprave, nameni njihove uporabe so raznovrstni in vidno razmejeni na zasebno in poslovno rabo. Uporabniki se do določene mere zavedajo možnosti uresničitve groženj, vendar ob tem še vedno uporabljajo preproste, grožnjam neprilagojene varnostne rešitve. V drugem delu raziskave pa so na vprašanja odgovarjali posamezniki, ki so v teh organizacijah zadolženi za varnost. Rezultati so pokazali, da je izobraževanje uporabnikov mobilnih naprav v organizacijah slabo opredeljeno, kar velja tudi za pravilnike in standarde, ki bi določali rabo mobilnih naprav. Analize rezultatov raziskave so pripeljale do nekaterih opredelitev do hipotez, ki so v celoti potrjene. Rezultati raziskave tako potrjujejo, da so mobilne naprave in pripadajoča programska oprema pogosto uporabljene tako za poslovne kot zasebne namene. V poslovnem svetu mobilne naprave pomenijo konk The doctoral dissertation “Threats to Information Security Through Mobile Devices” is a systematic presentation of the development of mobile devices that have become each and every user’s indispensable working tool. Founded on a two-level research, it brings a comprehensive state-of-art-view of the use of mobile devices in particular organisations. Allowing for a constant access to data enabled by advanced networks and a fast development of hardware and software, mobile devices are nowadays used very frequently. The introductory part of the dissertation discusses the tendencies of a mutual and interdependent development of networks, hardware, and software, the technology segments which, only when brought together and simultaneously embedded in an item, constitute a mobile device. To provide for a better understanding of the strong influence of mobile devices on individuals and their work, the dissertation focuses on the development of both, of mobile devices, on the one hand, and of their constituting segments, on the other. A milestone and a crucial point in their development is the year of 2007, when Apple launched its first model of iPhone: it completely changed the way one works with a mobile device in terms of simplicity of usage, internet access speed, etc., not to mention the user’s experience. The doctoral dissertation also presents the areas of work mobile devices are most commonly used: found in almost every work environment, adequate software for them has been developed accordingly to perform a plethora of tasks. Further, in the theoretical part of the dissertation, the latest threats to mobile devices are dealt with in terms of their constant growth, development, and volume, as well as the means of protection against them. Despite the fact that mobile devices have significantly facilitated daily tasks, many dangers related to their usage are acknowledged and discussed under a separate heading of the dissertation, including their descriptions and classifications according to previous systematisations by numerous organisations however, to provide for a clear classification based on a somewhat wider approach, we make an attempt at our own classification of otherwise ever developing threats to mobile devices. Further, mention is made of researches by larger organisations reporting several times a year on a growing number and complexity of threats, and of thereto related risks and security solutions. Based on the available theoretical knowledge and the surveys performed, we divide solutions or measures into two groups: technical and organisational. The chapter that follows presents the method applied in the survey and the results obtained in the first part of the research. The survey was carried out on a sample of 34 organisations, providing a sufficient ground for developing a comprehensive view of the use of mobile devices in individual organisations. The key issues here are related to whether or not the users of mobile devices are aware of threats to their mobile devices whether or not they use safety solutions what the aim of using mobile devices is and what said use represents to the organisation and its users (for example, whether or not the use of mobile devices is a business advantage in the business world). The first part of the survey was performed through means of an internet survey yielding over 300 respondents, all users of mobile devices. The results of this survey confirm our previous assumptions: users of mobile devices often use mobile devices the aims of their use differ and are clearly divided into either personal or business use to a certain level, users are aware of the possibility of the actual threats but keep using simple solutions that are not adjusted to neutralize these threats. In second part of the survey, the questions were answered by those individuals who are responsible for safety and security in the organisations mentioned. The results show that relevant education and training of mobile device users in these organisations is poorly defined, which is also true of

Svrha istraživanja je prikazati i objasniti fenomen mobilnog oglašavanja prezentirajući njegove vrste te procese i čimbenike koji utječu na ovaj oblik oglašavanja.