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Quality assessment enables organisations to identify the strengths and weaknesses of their services, which is essential for continuous improvement and adaptation to customer needs. IBM SPSS Statistics is one of the most widely used statistical analysis tools that enables efficient processing and evaluation of survey data. With its wide range of features and intuitive interface, SPSS is the ideal tool for data analysis in a variety of fields, including transportation. The aim of this paper is to present methods for data analysis in transport services, focusing on the use of IBM SPSS Statistics. Using chi-square test, the relationships between different quality criteria will be investigated, which will provide valuable information for improving the services provided and increasing customer satisfaction. The results of this analysis will highlight the importance of a systematic approach to quality management and the benefits it brings to organisations operating in a dynamic and competitive environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the article is to show the teaching of St. John Paul II on the Thessaloniki Brothers and their missionary ministry in the dimension of faith inculturation. Constantine (826–869) and Michael (c. 815–885), i.e. Saints Cyril and Methodius – were brothers who came from Thessaloniki, Greece, and are figures who still continue to arouse a great interest because of their contribution to the evangelization of some Slavic people and their cultural development through the creation of the alphabet, a written language in which they were able to learn about the Christian faith and the heritage of ancient Greece and Byzantium. The two Brothers are revered by both Orthodox Christians and Catholics because of their missionary ministry. It was carried out in unity with both the Patriarchate of Constantinople, which they belonged to, and Rome, as the popes gave their blessing and support to their ministry and the methods they used to preach the Gospel to the Slavs. Saint John Paul II, from the beginning of his pontificate, referred to the figures of Cyril and Methodius, emphasizing their ability to adapt their mission work to the mentality of the Slavs. He also declared them co-patrons of Europe that should breathe with „two lungs” – the western and eastern. The article is divided into three parts. In the first part, we learn about the historical background of their missionary expeditions. The second part presents the development of Cyrillo-Methodian thought in the teaching of John Paul II. The final part includes the Slavic Pope’s statements on the merits of the Holy Brothers for the spread of the Gospel among the Slavs and for the development of their culture.

Copyright of Journal of Modern Science is the property of Alcide De Gasperi University of Euroregional Economy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of International Journal of New Economics & Social Sciences (IJONESS) is the property of International Institute of Innovation Science-Education-Development in Warsaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Organization Review / Przegląd Organizacji is the property of Scientific Society of Organization & Management / Towarzystwo Naukowe Organizacji i Kierownictwa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zdravotnícke Študie is the property of Catholic University in Ruzomberok and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Zdravotnicke listy is the property of Alexander Dubcek University in Trencin, Faculty of Nursing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Każdy jest inny, inaczej się zachowuje, ma inne preferencje i charakter, może posiadać także odmienne zdolności. Czym one są? Czym się charakteryzują osoby uzdolnione? Jak wcześnie lub kiedy najpóźniej mogą się ujawnić zdolności człowieka? Czy zdolności związane są bardziej z czynnikami wrodzonymi, czy może zależą od środowiska i kształcenia? Czy w każdym wieku można rozwijać swoje zdolności? Czy może tylko wczesne wykrycie i kształcenie pozwala na rozwinięcie talentu? Współcześnie uważa się, że tyle jest rodzajów zdolności, ile jest różnych aktywności człowieka. Oczywiście, wraz z powstającymi i wcześniej nieznanymi dziedzinami aktywności mogą się pojawiać nowe uzdolnienia i ich struktury. Jednocześnie część zdolności ulega zanikowi z powodu braku zapotrzebowania społecznego na konkretne usługi w specyficznych polach aktywności. Wiele rzadkich uzdolnień trudno jest zidentyfikować. Wskaźniki określane jako zachowania znamionujące zdolności mogą być niekiedy nieprawidłowo interpretowane przez osoby i nauczycieli, którzy nie posiadają odpowiedniej wiedzy i doświadczenia w zakresie zdolności. Dlatego ważne jest odpowiednie kształcenie nauczycieli, którzy potrafiliby rozpoznać i identyfikować zdolności uczniów oraz zaproponować programy wychowawcze i edukacyjne pozwalające na ich rozwój. Zarówno upowszechnianie wiedzy teoretycznej, jak również wymiana informacji i doświadczeń w zakresie dobrych praktyk aktualnie realizowanych, a także zweryfikowanych historycznie są nieodzowne dla twórczego poszukiwania najlepszych rozwiązań dla uczniów o specjalnych potrzebach edukacyjnych. W artykule znajdują się informacje związane z najnowszymi badaniami i koncepcjami zdolności i twórczości, jak również przykłady dobrych praktyk w kształceniu uczniów zdolnych.

Aim: We aimed to provide a complete narrative review of the definition, modern classification, methods, and effectiveness of early and late rehabilitation in stroke patients. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive electronic literature search was performed on Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE, ScieLo, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, CyberLeninka, RINC databases, and databases of government scientific libraries of Ukraine, European Union, United Kingdom, and the USA for the period 2014-2021. It was done to identify scientific publications that discussed the definition, modern classification, principles, methods, and effectiveness of early and late rehabilitation in stroke patients. Conclusions: We provided a comprehensive narrative review of the definition, modern classification, methods, and effectiveness of early and late rehabilitation in stroke patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zadaniem nauczycieli wychowania przedszkolnego jest stwarzanie atmosfery do optymalnego rozwoju dziecka. Celem wychowania przedszkolnego jest wsparcie całościowego rozwoju dziecka. Wsparcie to realizowane jest przez proces opieki, wychowania i nauczania – uczenia się, co umożliwia dziecku odkrywanie własnych możliwości, sensu działania oraz gromadzenie doświadczeń na drodze prowadzącej do prawdy, dobra i piękna. W efekcie takiego wsparcia dziecko osiąga dojrzałość do podjęcia nauki na pierwszym etapie edukacji. W dobie kryzysu epidemiologicznego nauczyciel organizuje efektywną pracę z dziećmi online.

Aim: The article experimentally tests the influence of rehabilitation measures on the state of static and motor functions in children with cerebral palsy (CP). It was found that medical rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy requires the development of adequate strategies and tactics, integrated approach, application, if possible, of non-drug methods (physiotherapy, kinesitherapy). Materials and Methods: During the study, the effectiveness of a set of rehabilitation measures was evaluated in 168 children aged 3 to 7 years, with spastic forms of cerebral palsy. All children were divided into two observation groups: the main group, which conducted the proposed rehabilitation course (n = 98) and the control group, which underwent a course of generally accepted rehabilitation content (n = 70). Results: As a result of experimental work, the increase in indicators in the experimental group was higher. And although in the blocks "lying on your back", "sitting on the floor", "sideways turns", "lying on your stomach", "on your knees" and "standing and getting up" the difference between the indicators of the groups was insignificant (P> 0.05), we observed the best tendency to recovery in children of the study group in the blocks "crawling", "sitting", "walking". The average increase in testing scores using the scale for assessing large motor functions in the study group was much higher than in the control. Conclusions: A comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of comprehensive rehabilitation of children with spastic forms of cerebral palsy, found that the use of the developed program allows to achieve a clear therapeutic effect to improve the results of rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The article experimentally examines the effect of rehabilitation measures on increasing the volume of movements of the cervical spine, taking into account the severity of muscle pain in children with cerebral palsy. Materials and Methods: The study involved 168 children with spastic forms of cerebral palsy, they were divided into two observation groups: the main group, which conducted the proposed rehabilitation course (n = 98) and control, who underwent a course of conventional rehabilitation content (n = 70). Results: During application of the proposed method, the therapeutic effect on pathologically significant areas of bilateral muscle kinematic chains was carried out taking into account their mutual antagonism, bilateral symmetry, taking into account the course of homolateral and heterolateral muscle spirals. Positive dynamics in the clinical status in the vast majority of patients during re-observation was achieved, but the effectiveness of rehabilitation and the stability of the achieved therapeutic effect in the study groups were different. Thus, in patients of the main and control groups, changes in the mobility of the cervical spine were detected, which were recorded using the proposed integrated assessment. Namely, in patients who were engaged in the proposed method, the amount of movement in the cervical spine (passive lateral tilt with an element of rotation) probably increased when compared with the indicators before rehabilitation. Also noteworthy is statistically significant reduction in pain intensity, which allows for more manipulative rehabilitation. Conclusions: The proposed method of rehabilitation of children with spastic forms of cerebral palsy has a pronounced sanogenetic effect, meaning it stimulates their own health reserves and triggers a cascade of reactions of the body aimed at forming a healthy motor stereotype. It involves influence on organism of the patient by rehabilitation procedures with inclusion in work of all biokinematic muscular chain at the same time, taking into account spiral construction of muscles of a body, which allows to achieve a more pronounced therapeutic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Archaeologica Brunensia is the property of Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Edukacja, Terapia, Opieka is the property of PWSTE Jaroslaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of the paper is to analyse the issue of forest land valuation from its origin till the present with the emphasis upon detected differences between its deterministic and stochastic models considering their necessary innovations. At present, there are only deterministic methods for these purposes largely used in practice, despite the increasing risk of natural hazards occurrence within forestry induced by ongoing climate change. Several case studies inform that the observed impact of this risk on the forest land value is strong and can even lead to the infeasibility of forestry. Moreover, the results of deterministic calculations cannot serve as the correct measure of balance approached between supply and demand in the land market. The proposed innovation of methods concerning calculating the forest land expectation value is based on the introduction of procedures that take the risk of detrimental natural hazards occurrence into account. This means that mentioned deterministic models based on the Faustmann formula should be replaced by their stochastic counterparts, especially under conditions where the detected specific risk of forest management approaches the significant levels. The paper presents the list of references to prospective solutions on how to introduce these advanced forest valuation methods in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Acta Universitatis Lodziensis: Kształcenie Polonistyczne Cudzoziemców is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Lodzkiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie roli okresu propedeutycznego w Kościele party­kularnym, w formacji kandydatów do kapłaństwa. Okres propedeutyczny jest odpo­wiedzią na postanowienie ojców soborowych aby formację seminaryjną dostosować do potrzeb Kościołów partykularnych. Pastores dabo vobis pokazuje konieczność wprowadzenia takiego okresu. Kongregacja ds. Wychowania Katolickiego wydaje dokument informacyjny w celu pokazania istniejących modeli i zainspirowania do nowych badań. Głównym zadaniem okresu propedeutycznego jest uzupełnienie braków w aspekcie formacji duchowej, ludzkiej i intelektualnej. W związku z róż­norodnością potrzeb duchowych i psychicznych w poszczególnych Kościołach pra­wo­dawca pozostawia biskupowi diecezjalnemu swobodę w zorganizowaniu tego okresu. Konferencja Episkopatu Polski uznała konieczność wprowadzenia tego okre­su we wszystkich polskich diecezjach i określiła podstawowe jego zadania pozostawiając biskupowi diecezjalnemu sposób realizacji.

VII Konferencja naukowa Nowoczesne koncepcje i metody zarządzania - sprawozdanie

Copyright of Zeszyty Teoretyczne Rachunkowości is the property of Stowarzyszenie Ksiegowych w Polsce Rada Naukowa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Szeroko pojęta metodyka nauczania języków obcych obejmuje swym zakresem zarówno stosowane podczas zajęć metody, techniki, środki i zasady nauczania, jak również kompetencje nauczycielskie oraz konieczność uwzględnienia właściwości i cech rozwojowych uczniów oraz czynników różnic indywidualnych. Metody pracy z dziećmi w wieku przedszkolnym i wczesnoszkolnym oraz kwestia doboru adekwatnych komponentów kształcenia językowego opierają się na obserwacji i analizie potrzeb, potencjału i zainteresowań dzieci, czyli muszą być dostosowane do ich możliwości. Poniższy artykuł ma na celu prezentację wybranych metody i podejść, których elementy, techniki i ćwiczenia z powodzeniem możemy stosować w nauczaniu języka obcego najmłodszych. Zarówno rekomendacje Rady Europy i Unii Europejskiej, jak również tendencje w metodyce nauczania języków obcych na pierwszych szczeblach edukacji podkreślają również uwrażliwianie dziecka na język obcy, pobudzenie jego zainteresowania nauką języka i wykształcenie zachowania sprzyjającego jego przyswajaniu i nauce. Z poniższego przeglądu literatury przedmiotu wynika, że nie ma jednej, uniwersalnej metody nauczania języków obcych, czy też zestawu technik i strategii nauczania, które mogłyby zapewnić sukces wszystkim uczniom, gdyż każdy z nich dysponuje innym zakresem doświadczenia, wiedzy i umiejętności, inne są jego zainteresowania, cechy osobowości, style i strategie uczenia się. Rola doboru odpowiedniej metody nauczania jest kluczowa w procesie dydaktyczno-wychowawczym, zatem najbardziej słusznym wydaje się podejście eklektyczne w celu usprawnienia tego procesu i uzyskania przez uczniów optymalnych wyników w nauce.

Positive psychology directs its research interests primarily to healthy people. The most important goal is to build a positive attitude towards yourself and the surrounding world. Recently, positive psychology has set a new area of research interest, which is clinical psychology. In recent years, several positive psychotherapy programs have been developed for people with schizophrenia experience. The article presents the latest trends in positive psychotherapy for people with schizophrenia. They involve taking into account the individual differences of each patient and the specificity of his / her psychopathology. As far as the therapeutic goals are concerned, there are interventions focused on strategies for enhancing positive emotions and wellbeing or the method of activating the strengths of character. Taking into account the methods of therapeutic work, they can be divided into training methods or those of the behavioral-cognitive psychotherapy as well as those that take into account the various aspects of meditation. The article presents the distribution of therapeutic programs in terms of the range of therapeutic goals in which the most important are: intensification of positive experiences, building of strengths of character and well-being. Therapeutic programs have been shown to focus not only on breaking down negative attitudes towards one's own illness and life, but also on those that try to deal with the unsolved schizophrenia problem - negative symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the latest theories explaining the pathomechanism and course of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), this disorder is characterized by abnormalities in the development of neurocognitive processes, such as executive functions, "theory of mind", cognitive style, or sensory integration processes. The structure of these processes is not homogenous, which has implications for measurement methodology. The type of indicators of the course and development level of neurocognitive processes analyzed by a researcher entails the need to choose an appropriate measurement tool. The behavioral indicators (verbal and nonverbal behavior of the participants) are measured with the use of observation sheets. On the other hand, the neurophysiological indicators are measured with the use of high-technology equipment, such as: computed tomography (CT), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), or eye tracker. By systematizing the tools most often used by researchers to measure sensory integration processes, the level of development of "theory of mind" and empathizing skills, as well as autism severity in individuals with ASD, the article reveals the relationship between the formulated hypothesis and the type of measured indicators of the abovementioned variables. It therefore suggests that a project of research should be set by the investigator within a methodological approach that is relevant for the verification of the formulated hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Celem niniejszego artykułu jest panoramiczne przedstawienie dorobku europejskich badań nad szkolnictwem wyższym. Autor szczegółowe analizuje kolejne etapu ich rozwoju, wskazuje najważniejsze prace i badaczy w polu, jak również instytucje, w których prowadzą swoje badania. Drobiazgowo przedstawia również główne obszary tematyczne badań szkolnictwa wyższego, jak również charakteruzje różne typy badaczy podejmujących się tego przedsięwzięcia. Artykuł zawiera także analizę uwarunkowań przyczyniających się do niewidoczności badań szkolnictwa wyższego prowadzonych poza obiegiem, jak również inicjatyw podejmowanych przez europejskich badaczy w celu ograniczenia negatywnych efektów tej niewidoczności poprzez komunikację i współpracę międzynarodową.