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What type of site-specific outdoor art structure is more likely to induce and catalyze artistic territorial services and for whom are these services intended for? Answering this question will help the understanding of territorial impacts of such art projects in European peripheric areas. This article is based on the analysis of a European database on 128 site-specific outdoor visual art structures informed by 36 distinct criteria like accessibility, location, institutional statuses and funding, initiator and audiences, site-specificness criteria, etc. A typology, produced by the statistical analysis of this database, shows that three main intelligible categories dominate site-specific art initiatives: 'art-washing sculpture parks', 'territorial art of peripheries' and 'eco-artistic front of art projects'. They all have different kinds of specific interactions, sometimes critical, with the local territory. They act differently as artistic territorial services (ATS) providers. ATS in Spain (Cesar Manrique artworks in Lanzarote Island) show how art is transformed into mass-tourism attraction; in France the Forêt d' Art Contemporain in Nouvelle-Aquitaine and in Greece, the Vovousa Festival in Epirus, show how art can reinforce territorial identity and environmental commitment, but with very mixed benefits to the local economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the sphere of mass tourism, ecotourism offers a method for promoting conservation and sustainability. Ecotourism differs from mass tourism as it includes recreational activities focusing on environmental conservation, education, and cultural experiences. Previous studies have explored tourists' awareness and attitudes towards ecotourism in various destinations but considering the unique cultural and geographical context of the destination, highlights the need for a destination-specific scale to inform sustainable decision-making. Tourist behavior and attitudes are critical to the tourism destination's long-term viability. This research aimed to study the attitude and awareness levels of tourists in Munnar towards environmentally sustainable tourism. Primary data were collected from the tourists adopting convenient sampling method. The survey results demonstrate that people have a positive attitude and are aware of the importance of environmentally friendly tourism. The findings also show that tourist awareness and attitudes toward Munnar's ecotourism and conservation are highly and strongly associated. Studying traveler understanding and attitudes toward sustainable tourism would be highly beneficial to local governments and ecotourism destination operators in responding to environmentally sustainable tourism and adapting to the need for better tourism practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tourism Tribune / Lvyou Xuekan is the property of Tourism Institute of Beijing Union University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The popularity of must-see tourism destinations raises concerns about negative impacts including pollution, vandalism, and overcrowding in cultural heritage sites and the surrounding landscape. To address these challenges, understanding visitors' choice behavior and motivations is essential. This study aims to identify visitor segments based on their location choice and formulate policy recommendations to address overtourism challenges by examining visitors' choice behavior in a stated choice experiment. It provides evidence-based policy suggestions for mitigating mass tourism effects. The choice experiment was implemented in an online survey which was completed by a sample of 437 individuals who had paid a visit to Amsterdam in recent years. The results shed light on how individuals trade-off location attributes in making a choice between heritage destinations. A latent class analysis revealed three segments which can be labeled as cultural-attraction seekers, selective sightseers, and city-life lovers. The results show that crowdedness and entrance fees for additional experiences significantly influence visitors' location choices across all segments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we aim to examine and emphasize the need for management solutions to transform the standard tourism product of destination Bulgaria into a health-oriented one. The result of the set goal is the survey conducted among thirty Bulgarian tour operators or agencies of international ones operating on the Bulgarian Southern Black Sea coast, selected at random, with the potential to diversify their product. The presented analysis makes it possible to formulate recommendations and strategic guidelines for the reorientation of mass tourism towards health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is a tribute to Dr. Valene Lucy Smith, a scholar and pioneer in the field of tourism studies. The author reflects on Valene's contributions and impact, highlighting her work as an indexer for the Annals of Tourism Research and her interest in museums. The article also discusses Valene's engagement with anthropology, conferences, ethnography, gender issues, geography, and her teaching and mentoring roles. Valene's frameworks, such as the "4 H's" and "Hosts and Guests," continue to guide research in tourism development. The article concludes with heartfelt praise for Valene's scholarship and influence in the field. [Extracted from the article]

This article examines the sources of Turkish, Iranian, and Saudi soft power in the Middle East through the utilization of Joseph Nye's soft power concept. The study is based on three claims. The first claim argues that there exists an increasing discrepancy between espoused values and actual practices in Turkey, Iran, and Saudi Arabia at home, which may undermine their soft power. The second claim contends that cognizant of the fact that the Palestinian cause is a major concern for most of the Middle Eastern people, all of the three states pursue an active foreign policy to alleviate the plight of the Palestinians. Finally, the last claim upholds that Turkey, Iran, and Saudi Arabia have been benefitting, albeit to varying extents, from high culture products such as education and popular culture products such as mass entertainment and tourism to appeal to the public in the Middle East. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the events that originated an integrated water resources management (IWRM) model called Consorcio de Aguas de la Marina Baja (CAMB), in the province of Alicante (Spain), in 1978. The impact of tourism and population growth in the second half of the 20th century motivated the need for new management formulas seeking a balance between available resources and a greater need for water resources. The emergence of mass tourism in Benidorm at the end of the 1950s generated a great imbalance between the needs and availability of water resources. Also considering the effect of periods of severe drought, the solution to the deficit was found in the principles of institutional economics and circular water management. Water infrastructure and technology are elements of great importance in this model, allowing the exchange of natural water for reclaimed water, as a result of previous agreements between traditional irrigators and supply users of coastal populations. Its success has guaranteed the coexistence of traditional agriculture and the consolidated tourism activity, making possible the conservation of the cultural landscape. The historical and economic analysis of the model that led to the creation of CAMB can be applied to other regions facing similar challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cities, in particular those of historical value, are popular destinations for mass tourism. The urban space is often the main cause of conflicts, at the heart of which lie conflicting interests, attitudes and needs relating to the way this space is utilized. The aim of the research described in this article is to identify the intensity of conflicts between residents, tourists and the tourism sector. The research was conducted in 2020. The statistical analysis of the obtained data included questionnaires from 386 respondents. Analysis was conducted of the conflicts that arose among tourism sector players, who were classified into groups – tourist entrepreneurs, residents, and local authorities. Respondents often indicated conflict arising between tourists and residents, and between tourist sector entrepreneurs and residents. In the opinion of respondents, conflicts were the result of result of varying structures in the hierarchy of values and of differences in attitudes towards the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism plays a crucial role in international economic relations and is an integral part of the global economic development. Georgia, with its rich cultural heritage, unique nature, and historical significance, is a distinguished tourist destination. During the Soviet era, the country had an extensive network of mass tourism, resort treatments, and recreational facilities, and after independence, it quickly became a rapidly growing tourist destination. In the 21st century, as the world became more interconnected through digital media, the impact of media communication phenomena on the tourism industry reached unprecedented heights. Information spreading rapidly in the digital landscape is critical for shaping perception and attracting tourists. Positive information flows can strengthen Georgia's image as a tourist and culturally rich country. Conversely, negative information can deter potential tourists. Research in Georgia on media communication has primarily focused on political or social phenomena, and informational (PR) campaigns in the tourism sector have never been a subject of special research, and thus, analysis and evaluation. The present study examined PR campaigns conducted by Georgia's tourism sector between 2019- 2023 and their impact on tourist inflows, highlighting factors influencing Polish tourists' perceptions of Georgia. Using mixed methods (narrative and quantitative content analysis, comparative analysis, case study), it studied tourist inflows during the reporting period, PR materials, articles, blogs, posts, and other social media content about Georgia. The findings indicate that the strategic marketing and PR efforts implemented, especially through digital media, significantly increased the visibility and attractiveness of Georgia as a tourist destination, contributing to substantial growth in tourism revenues and international visitors. The research emphasizes the significant contribution of media campaigns in portraying a positive image of Georgia. Intensive marketing and PR campaigns implemented after the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic led to a noticeable increase in the number of international tourists and tourism revenues, as evidenced by the analysis of economic indicators, highlighting the sector's resilience and its critical role in the national economy. The study concludes with recommendations for maintaining and increasing Georgia's growth as a top tourist destination, emphasizing the need for digital marketing, targeted marketing campaigns, and investments in tourism infrastructure and services. These initiatives are crucial for maintaining Georgia's competitive advantage in the global tourism market and ensuring sustainable development [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic tourism refers to travel activities in higher education contexts. This study has focused on the University of Barcelona (Spain) as an outbound market for international academic tourism. Three specific objectives were set to investigate the demographic profile of outgoing students, their tourist behaviour, and the impacts of their academic mobility. This mixed methods exploratory research entailed conducting a survey among a convenience sample of 70 outgoing students, whose responses were processed through descriptive and inferential SPSS statistical analyses. Additionally, a virtual focus group took place with 3 outgoing students and 3 members of staff from higher education international offices. Content analysis was carried out by means of QDA Miner Lite. The main results indicate that the major push factor was personal growth, followed by the search for new experiences, and linguistic-cultural development, while the principal pull factors were the local language, culture, and tourist attractions. Students mostly stayed at residence halls and rented apartments, used external catering services two or three times a week, and public transport was frequently used. Cultural, nightlife, and gastronomic activities were prioritised. For the majority, monthly expenditure on accommodation ranged between €200 and more than €800. Other additional expenses exceeded €200 for approximately half of our respondents, and nearly a third received some institutional financial support. Study-abroad sojourns enhanced students’ autonomy, self-confidence, responsibility, self-knowledge, tolerance, open-mindedness, and knowledge of the local culture. The international mobility experience predominantly met and even surpassed the participants’ previous expectations. In conclusion, our findings support the presumed sustainability of academic tourism in comparison to mass tourism. However, the limited representativeness of the sample must be acknowledged, so this study should be considered as a first step towards future expanded investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Northern Fennoscandia entered Christian Dotremont's (1922–1979) imagination in 1956. The Belgian avant‐gardist was comfortable in Central‐European artistic milieus through his involvement in CoBrA (1948–1951), but a total of 12 journeys to Sápmi between 1956 and 1978 had a profound effect on his creative work, especially the logograms he is best known for. This article studies Dotremont's travel writings and logograms as site‐specific forms of writing, which can be seen as precursors to ecopoetic approaches. Dotremont's journeys took place at a cultural turning point, when ethnographers had made their field trips but mass tourism was still in its embryonic state in Sápmi. His Sápmi‐inspired travel writings reveal how the idealism related to a hyperborean north initially intrigued him while he sought to elude modernity. Dotremont's cultural exchanges in Sápmi were non‐artistic but manifested in his art and writing. Sápmi brought about an ecological awakening through awe that was not sublimated but a lived experience. Dotremont immersed himself in Sápmi, with fundamental repercussions to his creative exploits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existing research on the impact of crowding on visitors' experiences has yielded mixed results, mainly due to inadequate conceptualization and measurement of the phenomenon. To address this issue, we adopted a mixed‐methods approach. We first conducted a qualitative study (Study 1, focus group based) to understand (i) how consumers perceive crowding at leisure places, (ii) the sources of crowding (spatial or social), and (iii) its effects on their experiences and future behaviors. For Study 2 we collected quantitative data through a survey (n = 537 respondents) to estimate the association between objective and subjective measures of crowding, the relative contribution of human and spatial crowding to visitors' overall crowding perceptions and its impact on satisfaction and behavioral intentions. The results indicated there is a weak association between objective and perceived human crowding, which makes subjective measures more appropriate for assessing crowdedness. A formative two‐dimensional (human and spatial) conceptualization of crowding more adequately captures visitors' perceptions. The influence of each dimension is context‐dependent, such that human crowding is more problematic for visitors to monuments, while cruise ship tourists are less tolerant of spatial crowding. The findings also revealed that crowding negatively affects visitors' satisfaction, while its impact on behavioral intentions is mostly nonsignificant for cruise ship tourists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Route Educational & Social Science Journal (Ress Journal) is the property of Ress Academy Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tatra National Park (TNP) is one of the most popular national parks in Poland. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the number of tourists visiting the Park each year from 1993 with a special focus on the COVID-19 period. The main part of this study focused on tourist traffic data for the period from 1993 to 2023. Daily, monthly, and annual data were examined. The source of most of the data is park entry ticket sales. The largest number of tourists entering TNP in the period of 1993–2022 was recorded in 2021 at 4,788,788. Tourist traffic in TNP is concentrated on so-called long weekends in May and June. An examination of data from 2010, 2015, and 2021 shows that tourist volumes on the long weekend of 1–3 May be up to 40 times larger than those on other weekends in May. On the other hand, long weekends in June can attract eight times more tourists relative to the average other weekends in June. The number of tourists engaging in hiking, climbing, spelunking, and ski touring declined during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. However, the number of ski tourers in TNP in 2021 was about four times larger than the total between 2015–2022. Data on traffic patterns are key in designing, implementing, and measuring the efficiency of solutions for sustainable management for both the peak usage periods and future patterns in tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Canary Islands are one of the main destinations for mass tourism in the European context, characterized by the absence of seasonality in tourist activity. Moreover, the level of activity increases during the winters, coinciding with a greater probability of extreme rainfall events, whose danger seems to be increasing as a result of climate change. Owing to its pronounced orography, the southern coast of the island of Gran Canaria houses several tourist settlements built along ravines and steeply sloping terrain. This scenario presents considerable risk because of spatial probability of landslide occurrence. The case of San Agustín, especially, serves to test the model of tourist urbanization along the hillside, demonstrating its high fragility in the face of extreme rainfall events. Especially owing to its importance in providing assistance in emergency situations, its vulnerability has been analyzed with regard to accessibility, which is entirely dependent on road mobility. The growth model of San Agustín serves as an example of mass tourism in small islands, allowing urban planners and designers to assess corrective measures based on managing its existing road infrastructure and open spaces right from the planning stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the era of mass tourism, more and more people are attracted by internet-famous site. With people's demand for travel surged, tourists are getting together in one scenic spot with doubling numbers, which easily leads to high concentration of tourists with uncontrollable security risks. It needs to be highly valued by the tourism department. Monitoring and issuing warnings for crowd density in scenic areas with Highly Aggregated Tourist Crowds (HATCs) is an urgent challenge that needs to be addressed. In this paper, Highly Aggregated Tourist Crowds is taken as the research objective, and a VGGT-Count network model is proposed to forecast the density of HATCs. The experimental outcomes demonstrated a substantial improvement in counting accuracy for the ShanghaiTech B and UCF-QNRF datasets. Furthermore, the model allows for real-time monitoring of tourist attractions, enabling advanced prediction of high concentrations in scenic areas. This timely information can alert relevant authorities to implement preventive measures such as crowd control and flow regulation, thereby minimizing safety hazards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between mass media and tourism can be studied from a perspective that treats media products as documents and as agents. This article offers a theoretical reflection on mass media, exploring certain concepts that could be useful for research on the effects of audiovisual fiction on destination image, visiting motivations and intentions, and tourist experiences. Specifically, it describes some of the theoretical contributions developed in the context of a research project involving the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the tourism-inducing factors of audiovisual fiction, and of its effects on audiences and potential tourists (Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation Ref. PID2020-112668GB-I00). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In our paper, we explored the impact of different anthropogenic stressors, namely, mussel farming, methane extraction platforms, and summer mass tourism, on the epipelagic microbiomes of the North- Western Adriatic Sea. Methods: By 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we provided the epipelagic microbiome layout from selected sites corresponding to each of the considered impacts. As an unimpacted reference, we used already published 16S rRNA sequencing data. Results: According to our findings, each one of the anthropogenic stressors resulted in a peculiar increase of specific epipelagic microbial components, including copiotrophic R-strategists and host-restricted bacteria, as well as some pathobiome components, the latter being detected exclusively in impacted sites. Particularly, potentially harmful pathogenic species such as Legionella impletisoli and Staphylococcus epidermidis have been detected in proximity to the mussel farms, and Escherichia coli and Campylobacter ureolyticus were present close to the methane extraction platform and at the summer mass tourism site, respectively. Particularly, C. ureolyticus is an emerging human gastrointestinal pathogen, capable of destroying intestinal microvilli. Discussion: In addition to providing evidence supporting the existence of recognizable and impact-driven fingerprints on the epipelagic marine microbiome peculiar to the different anthropogenic stressors, our findings also raise concern about the ecological relevance of the observed changes, in terms of possible loss of ecosystem services and also for the potential release of pathogenic microorganisms in the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This text reflects on identities from an African archipelago in the Atlantic that is part of the Spanish state. The Canary Islands were the first place colonized by Europeans in their expansion toward America. The text focuses on identity formation throughout the twentieth century. Reference is made to Canarian artists and poets such as Tomás Morales and Alonso Quesada, and more recent artists of international stature such as Manolo Millares, Martín Chirino, and César Manrique. The international context and the destruction of the idea of Europe are reflected from various perspectives. Reference is made to travelers who drew analogies between Canary Islanders and Native Americans, and the notion of "displacement" at every level is addressed. The article also discusses "foreigners" traveling back and forth in the era of advanced technology, globalization, and mass tourism. As Stefan Zweig and Franz Rosenzweig have observed since the 1920s, in the age of border control, anyone can become a "foreigner." "Europe: Passage and Reflections" was born within the context of the exhibition "Europe, that Exotic Place" (2019–2020) and expands upon the reflection on insularities undertaken in the exhibition "Island Horizons" (2009–2010), which featured artists and writers from Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Martinique, Guadeloupe, French Guiana, the Canary Islands, the Azores, Madeira, Cape Verde, and Réunion. The article also arose from the "Islands, Images, Imaginaries" discussion series held at Duke University in 2011. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sandy beaches may appear as a natural environment to the many millions spending their summer holidays on them, but they often have to be maintained and replenished. Unsustainable methods of coastal management and sand mining add to the collateral damage caused by mass tourism. Michael Gross reports. Sandy beaches may appear as a natural environment to the many millions spending their summer holidays on them, but they often have to be maintained and replenished. Unsustainable methods of coastal management and sand mining add to the collateral damage caused by mass tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to demonstrate the validity of the analysis of the presence of the senses in travelogues as a possible research perspective of the genre. It will be discussed how such a perspective provides with clues both for the form of the text and for its meaning and relationship with the epoch where it is inserted. For this purpose, descriptions of sensory experiences present in contemporary Hispanic and European travelogues of the Silk Road will be examined. The analysis carried out will show not only the relationship between the appearance of the senses and the maturity of the descriptive technique, but also the clear link between the use of the sensory and the worldview of the epoch. The hegemony of the sight, characteristic of mass tourism, will contrast with the great importance of other senses in the analyzed texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper establishes a transnational dialogue between different island spaces impacted by mass tourism and highlights poetry's contribution to the political reconfigurations of the Balearic and Caribbean islands. Notwithstanding these island spaces' different historical circumstances, it acknowledges that the tourist industry illustrates crucial historical continuities in each archipelago. The poetics analysed question the pro-growth ideology of the industry, the subservient role of their islands' political classes that disregard human well-being and environmental sustainability, and put the islands' survival at risk. This study identifies resemblances in Caribbean and Balearic island spaces' poetic responses to tourism and recognises local emancipatory alliances that not only bring to the surface shared forms of oppression, but also propose alternatives beyond the (hotel) chains of global capitalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic literature review examines the relationship between media ecology, collective memory, and cultural tourism in the digital age. It also highlights the impact of technology on how we think, relate, and communicate, as well as on the construction of identity and the appreciation of culture. The potential adverse effects of cultural tourism, such as the commodification and trivialization of culture, are explored, and solutions are proposed using digital tools, such as platforms for preserving collective memory and augmented reality for authentic cultural experiences. The study stresses the importance of investigating this relationship and the potential of digital tools in constructing significant collective memories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism is one of the fastest-growing economic sectors. This has piqued increasing interest in the evaluation of the performance of the sector. This paper joins this line of research by providing a potential framework for measuring efficiency in the context of a country such as Spain, where sun-and-sand tourism, usually associated with mass tourism, predominates. Tourist areas located on the coast provide the units of reference. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is applied to determine the efficiency score and a Tobit-type model is employed to analyse the factors that determine efficiency. The results show that the impact of mass tourism on labour efficiency is geographically unequal, with the most efficient of the tourist areas located on the peninsular archipelagos. The analysis of the contribution of each input to the efficiency score reveals the pre-eminent role of tourism infrastructure as a lure for sun-and-sand tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mass tourism puts enormous pressure on wastewater treatment plants due to its expansive growth during the summer months. To adapt to the fluctuations, the Ravda wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) uses innovative methods and technologies, allowing for "shrinking" and "expanding" of the facilities according to the season. This has been built in stages over the years, with two separate biological treatment lines adapting to different numbers of tourists and to the quantity of influent wastewater. The aim of this study is to make a comparative assessment of the work of WWTP Ravda in the summer and winter seasons and its effectiveness, as well as to compare them. In addition, it examines the years of the COVID-19 pandemic, when a much higher consumption of water per person was noted. Data were analyzed for the period of 2018–2022 inclusive, comparing influent and effluent BOD5 and COD in the summer and winter. Nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies were also tracked. The study shows that municipal wastewater treatment is effective, but much higher values, close to the maximum permissible discharge values, are observed during the tourist season. With the continued growth of the tourism sector, the Ravda wastewater treatment plant would not be able to cope with the discharge standards set by the Ministry of Environment and Water, so measures need to be taken promptly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agrotourism in Vietnam has been identified as one of the strategies used to achieve green growth and countryside modernisation, and it is often included as part of the national and local agenda. In this paper, we examine agrotourism in a village in the periphery of Hội An city (an international tourism hub in central Vietnam) to question tourism's interaction with ongoing development processes. More specifically, we aim to understand the impact of fast peri‐urbanisation on agrotourism and the impacts of agrotourism on people's daily lives, specifically when it comes to physical changes in their living environment, tensions in their social life and their concerns about the future. Our analysis is supported with data generated from interviews with farmers, local officials, tourism workers and tourists. We find that agrotourism products lacked authenticity and farming was not of great interest for tourists, yet the state's investment in the village tended to favour spaces and infrastructure that could attract more tourists and generate profit, to the detriment of cultural infrastructure. Land speculation and an unequal distribution of income were the main tensions in the village along with farmers' concerns about their rural heritage, income diversification and environmental quality. As such, agrotourism in the village has been driven by rapid urbanisation and mass tourism, creating a competition between a consumption activity and a productive activity. Those are important parameters that future policymakers need to take into consideration in order to sustain the city's food production and tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Miguel Ángel Blanca's eccentric docufiction film, Magaluf Ghost Town, follows three residents of the Mallorcan resort area during the 2019 tourist season. By offering locals' perspectives on lives tied to the excesses of low-cost tourism, the film traces their respective desires to withstand, break and transform the Faustian pact through which this part of Calvià municipality has made its living. Tourism infrastructure visually organizes the picture, with one space in particular - the hotel balcony - playing an important aesthetic and thematic role. Yet, while the overt references to balconing - the often-fatal tourist practice of jumping into a pool from one's room - seem to parrot mediadriven coverage, I argue that Blanca's picture instead offers a counternarrative that challenges stereotypes by destabilizing the traditional tourist gaze through the mise-en-scène. By further cloaking his critique in the supernatural, the director plays with documentary tropes in a way that spurs the viewer to think about tourism beyond the news. In giving space to individual local voices and experiences, he lets us explore the deep affect that the tourist landscapes evoke in a constituency that is all too often left outside the frame. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the postwar period onwards, media pluralisation, mass tourism and internationalisation have not only led to an increase in the marketing of Italy as a historical place of longing, but they also enhanced the auditory and visual construction of ‚Italy' as an object with numerous associations in everyday culture. This essay offers some preliminary thoughts on a series of case-studies that examine the multimedia imagining of ‚Italy' from the mid-20th century. The aim is to better understand the construction of the powerful myth of Italy in modernity, as well as the frequently associated phenomenon of internationally disseminated clichés with national connotations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lembang is one tourist destination that has developed tourism attractions and activities, in which one of which is a Theme Park. Theme Park is a recreation area that has unique features that can characterize a place using a carried concept. This attraction could turn to be the main motivation for tourists’ visits and it tends to invite tourists of large numbers. Thus, the presence of mass tourism has caused some impact on residents who live in the proximity areas where they run their lives and livelihoods. The presence of a theme park has both positive and negative implications for the surrounding population. This study aims to analyze local residents’ attitudes toward Theme Park by using a qualitative and quantitative approach analysis based on both primary and secondary data. An understanding of the impacts of Theme Park's existence on settlement areas and their inhabitants may be a cornerstone of a sustainable Lembang tourism development strategy so that tourism is not only seen positively by entrepreneurs but also brings significant benefits to residents who live nearby. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sound macroeconomic policies and prudent use of diamond revenues have made Botswana one of the fastest growing economics in the world over the last 30 years. What depends the GDP per capita, Botswana is ranked in the middle-income status with 17,000 US-dollar per capita (like Brazil, Iran and Thailand). Despite the President Mokgweetsi Masis since 2018 and his government’s efforts, however, the economy remains highly dependent on diamond exports and tourism, and, furthermore, the country continues to suffer from one of the highest HIV/AIDS infection rates in the world. Facts are, however, that Botswana has an enviable record of political stability and economic achievement. Economic growth has slowed recently to about 5%, but still remains satisfactory. In this article the question, is Botswana an African success story or not, will be attempted to be answered and furthermore, the future threats threatening the African country will be explained. For instance, about climate threats, environmental problems around mass tourism and how the importance of agriculture lost its importance in the last 25 years.