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The integration of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) into biomaterials offers exciting opportunities for tissue engineering as they enable better control over cell guidance, release of bioactive factors and tissue maturation. Despite their potential, challenges such as the heterogeneity of MNPs, their cytotoxicity and the need for precise control of MNP`s properties hinder their widespread application. Overcoming these challenges will require new interdisciplinary efforts and technological advances, including the development of mathematical tools and additional elaborations to ensure the biocompatibility of MNPs.

The utilization of static magnetic fields in conjunction with tissue engineering scaffolds has demonstrated significant potential in the restoration of bone defects. However, previous techniques used for fabricating magnetic tissue engineering scaffolds have shown certain shortcomings that require further investigation. In this study, a series of scaffolds made from a combination of polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), and iron tetraoxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were designed and prepared using the microinjection molding technique. The composite scaffolds, which were doped with nanoparticles and fabricated through microinjection, exhibited exceptional physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. Additionally, the PLA/PCL/Fe3O4 scaffolds were found to promote the proliferation and adhesion of bone marrow cells (BMSCs) under relatively low magnetic fields (25–30 mT). These findings suggest that PLA/PCL/Fe3O4 scaffolds hold great potential for use in bone tissue engineering applications.

The reconstruction of large segmental defects still represents a critical issue in the orthopedic field. The use of functionalized scaffolds able to create a magnetic environment is a fascinating option to guide the onset of regenerative processes. In the present study, a porous hydroxyapatite scaffold, incorporating superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MNPs), was implanted in a critical bone defect realized in sheep metatarsus. Superparamagnetic nanoparticles functionalized with hyperbranched poly(epsilon-Lysine) peptides and physically complexed with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) where injected in situ to penetrate the magnetic scaffold. The scaffold was fixed with cylindrical permanent NdFeB magnets implanted proximally, and the magnetic forces generated by the magnets enabled the capture of the injected nanoparticles forming a VEGF gradient in its porosity. After 16 weeks, histomorphometric measurements were performed to quantify bone growth and bone-to-implant contact, while the mechanical properties of regenerated bone via an atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis were investigated. The results showed increased bone regeneration at the magnetized interface; this regeneration was higher in the VEGF-MNP-treated group, while the nanomechanical behavior of the tissue was similar to the pattern of the magnetic field distribution. This new approach provides insights into the ability of magnetic technologies to stimulate bone formation, improving bone/scaffold interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, magnetic platforms have been widely investigated in diagnostic, therapeutic and research applications due to certain properties, such as cell and tissue tracking and imaging, thermal therapy and being dirigible. In this study, the incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in nanofibers has been proposed to combine the advantages of both nanofibers and MNPs to induce neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Magnetic poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanofibers (containing 0%, 5% and 10% SPION) were fabricated and utilized as the matrix for the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Morphological, magnetic and mechanical properties were analyzed using FESEM, VSM and tensile test, respectively. The expression of neural markers (TUJ-1, NSE, MAP-2) was assessed quantitative and qualitatively utilizing RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry. Results confirmed the incorporation of MNPs in nanofibrous scaffold, presenting a saturation magnetization of 9.73 emu gâˆ'1. Also, with increase in magnetic particle concentration (0%â€"10%), tensile strength increased from 4.08 to 5.85 MPa, whereas the percentage of elongation decreased. TUJ-1 expression was 3.8 and 1.8 fold for 10% and 5% magnetic scaffold (versus non-magnetic scaffold) respectively, and the expression of NSE was 6.3 and 1.2-fold for 10% and 5%, respectively. Consequently, it seems that incorporation of magnetic biomaterial can promote the neural differentiation of MSCs, during which the augmentation of super paramagnetic iron oxide concentration from 0% to 10% accelerates the neural differentiation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) into biomaterials offers exciting opportunities for tissue engineering as they enable better control over cell guidance, release of bioactive factors and tissue maturation. Despite their potential, challenges such as the heterogeneity of MNPs, their cytotoxicity and the need for precise control of MNP`s properties hinder their widespread application. Overcoming these challenges will require new interdisciplinary efforts and technological advances, including the development of mathematical tools and additional elaborations to ensure the biocompatibility of MNPs., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Author. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

In clinical practice, to treat diseases such as osteosarcoma or chondrosarcoma with broad surgical ostectomy, it would be ideal to have scaffolds that not only fill up the bone void but also possess the ability to regulate the subsequent regimes for targeted chemotherapy and/or bone regeneration. Magnetic targeting of therapeutic agents to specific sites in the body provides certain advantages such as minimal side-effects of anti-cancer drugs. The objective of this study was to characterize novel magnetic scaffolds that can be used as a central station to regulate the drug delivery of a magnetic nanoparticle system. Different sizes and quantities of Fe3O4 particles were mixed with poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) to construct the magnetic scaffolds, and their mechanical properties, degradation performance, and cell biocompatibility were evaluated. It appeared that the presence of Fe3O4 particles influenced the magnetic, mechanical, and biological performances of the scaffolds. The prepared bio-nanocomposite scaffolds provided predominantly magnetic/superparamagnetic properties. Scaffolds with a micron-sized Fe3O4 to PCL weight (wt) ratio of 0.1:0.9 exhibited higher mechanical performances among samples, with Young's modulus reaching 1 MPa and stiffness, 13 N/mm. Although an increased Fe3O4 particle proportion mildly influenced cell growth during the biocompatibility test, none of the Fe3O4/PCL scaffolds showed a cytotoxic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reversal of loss of the critical size of skeletal muscle is urgently required using biomaterial scaffolds to guide tissue regeneration. In this work, coaxial electrospun magnetic nanofibrous scaffolds were fabricated, with gelatin (Gel) as the shell of the fiber and polyurethane (PU) as the core. Iron oxide nanoparticles (Mag) of 10 nm diameter were added to the shell and core layer. Myoblast cells (C2C12) were cultured on the magnetic scaffolds and exposed to the applied magnetic fields. A mouse model of skeletal muscle injury was used to evaluate the repair guided by the scaffolds under the magnetic fields. It was shown that VEGF secretion and MyoG expression for the myoblast cells grown on the magnetic scaffolds under the magnetic fields were significantly increased, while, the gene expression of Myh4 was up-regulated. Results from an in vivo study indicated that the process of skeletal muscle regeneration in the mouse muscle injury model was accelerated by using the magnetic actuated strategy, which was verified by histochemical analysis, immunofluorescence staining of CD31, electrophysiological measurement and ultrasound imaging. In conclusion, the integration of a magnetic scaffold combined with the extra magnetic fields enhanced myoblast differentiation and VEGF secretion and accelerated the defect repair of skeletal muscle in situ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reconstruction of large segmental defects still represents a critical issue in the orthopedic field. The use of functionalized scaffolds able to create a magnetic environment is a fascinating option to guide the onset of regenerative processes. In the present study, a porous hydroxyapatite scaffold, incorporating superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MNPs), was implanted in a critical bone defect realized in sheep metatarsus. Superparamagnetic nanoparticles functionalized with hyperbranched poly(epsilon-Lysine) peptides and physically complexed with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) where injected in situ to penetrate the magnetic scaffold. The scaffold was fixed with cylindrical permanent NdFeB magnets implanted proximally, and the magnetic forces generated by the magnets enabled the capture of the injected nanoparticles forming a VEGF gradient in its porosity. After 16 weeks, histomorphometric measurements were performed to quantify bone growth and bone-to-implant contact, while the mechanical properties of regenerated bone via an atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis were investigated. The results showed increased bone regeneration at the magnetized interface; this regeneration was higher in the VEGF-MNP-treated group, while the nanomechanical behavior of the tissue was similar to the pattern of the magnetic field distribution. This new approach provides insights into the ability of magnetic technologies to stimulate bone formation, improving bone/scaffold interaction.

Magnetic scaffolds incorporated with iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are biocompatible and present excellent osteogenic properties. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, 3D‐printed poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) scaffolds were coated with IONPs using layer‐by‐layer assembly (Fe‐scaffold) to prepare magnetic scaffolds. The effects of this modification on osteogenesis were investigated by comparison with untreated scaffolds (Uncoated‐scaffold). The results showed that the proliferation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) on the Fe‐scaffold was enhanced compared with those on the Uncoated‐scaffold (p < 0.05). The alkaline phosphatase activity and expression levels of osteogenic‐related genes of cells on the Fe‐scaffold were higher than those on the Uncoated‐scaffold (p < 0.05). Fe‐scaffold was found to promote the cell adhesion compared with Uncoated‐scaffold, including increasing the adhered cell number, promoting cell spreading and upregulating the expression levels of adhesion‐related genes integrin α1 and β1 and their downstream signaling molecules FAK and ERK1/2 (p < 0.05). Moreover, the amount of new bone formed in rat calvarial defects at 8 weeks decreased in the order: Fe‐scaffold > Uncoated‐scaffold > Blank‐control (samples whose defects were left empty) (p < 0.05). Therefore, 3D magnetic nanocomposite scaffolds enhanced the osteogenic capacities of rBMSCs in vitro and in a rat calvarial bone defect model by promoting cell adhesion. The mechanisms were attributed to the alteration in its hydrophilicity, surface roughness, and chemical composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In clinical practice, to treat diseases such as osteosarcoma or chondrosarcoma with broad surgical ostectomy, it would be ideal to have scaffolds that not only fill up the bone void but also possess the ability to regulate the subsequent regimes for targeted chemotherapy and/or bone regeneration. Magnetic targeting of therapeutic agents to specific sites in the body provides certain advantages such as minimal side-effects of anti-cancer drugs. The objective of this study was to characterize novel magnetic scaffolds that can be used as a central station to regulate the drug delivery of a magnetic nanoparticle system. Different sizes and quantities of Fe3O4 particles were mixed with poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) to construct the magnetic scaffolds, and their mechanical properties, degradation performance, and cell biocompatibility were evaluated. It appeared that the presence of Fe3O4 particles influenced the magnetic, mechanical, and biological performances of the scaffolds. The prepared bio-nanocomposite scaffolds provided predominantly magnetic/superparamagnetic properties. Scaffolds with a micron-sized Fe3O4 to PCL weight (wt) ratio of 0.1:0.9 exhibited higher mechanical performances among samples, with Young’s modulus reaching 1 MPa and stiffness, 13 N/mm. Although an increased Fe3O4 particle proportion mildly influenced cell growth during the biocompatibility test, none of the Fe3O4/PCL scaffolds showed a cytotoxic effect.

The reversal of loss of the critical size of skeletal muscle is urgently required using biomaterial scaffolds to guide tissue regeneration. In this work, coaxial electrospun magnetic nanofibrous scaffolds were fabricated, with gelatin (Gel) as the shell of the fiber and polyurethane (PU) as the core. Iron oxide nanoparticles (Mag) of 10 nm diameter were added to the shell and core layer. Myoblast cells (C2C12) were cultured on the magnetic scaffolds and exposed to the applied magnetic fields. A mouse model of skeletal muscle injury was used to evaluate the repair guided by the scaffolds under the magnetic fields. It was shown that VEGF secretion and MyoG expression for the myoblast cells grown on the magnetic scaffolds under the magnetic fields were significantly increased, while, the gene expression of Myh4 was up-regulated. Results from an in vivo study indicated that the process of skeletal muscle regeneration in the mouse muscle injury model was accelerated by using the magnetic actuated strategy, which was verified by histochemical analysis, immunofluorescence staining of CD31, electrophysiological measurement and ultrasound imaging. In conclusion, the integration of a magnetic scaffold combined with the extra magnetic fields enhanced myoblast differentiation and VEGF secretion and accelerated the defect repair of skeletal muscle in situ.

Over the past years, fundamentals of magnetism opened a wide research area of interest, in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The integration of magnetic nanoarchitectures into synthetic/natural scaffold formulations allowed obtaining "on demand" responsive structures able to guide the regeneration process. The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three‐dimensional (3D) chitosan‐based scaffolds containing dextran‐grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l‐arginine (l‐Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. A homogeneous pore distribution and a high degree of interconnection were obtained for all the structures with DMs, which resulted well distributed inside the polymer matrix. All the results suggest that the simultaneous presence of DMs and l‐Arg conferred interesting mechano‐structural and bioactive properties toward osteoblast‐like and human mesenchymal stem cells, differentially stimulating their proliferation both in the absence and in the presence of a time‐dependent magnetic field. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1244–1252, 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, 3D biopolymeric materials based on the blends of collagen (Coll), chitosan (CTS), and hyaluronic acid (HA) were prepared by lyophilization technique. Magnetic particles synthesized by precipitation of iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate and iron (III) chloride hexahydrate in an aqueous solution of chitosan were added to a biopolymer mixture. Dialdehyde starch (DAS) was used as a cross‐linking agent for the materials. The structure of the obtained materials was studied using infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope imaging. The properties of the 3D materials such as density, porosity, swelling ability and mechanical properties were studied. It was found that 3D composites made from collagen, chitosan, and hyaluronic acid with magnetic particles are hydrophilic with a high swelling ability (up to 2,646%). Cross‐linking of such biopolymeric materials with DAS alters the swelling degree and porosity of materials. The cross‐linking process has no significant effect on the density of the materials. The addition of magnetic particles to Coll/CTS/HA materials decreases its swelling ability (1,795% for material containing 30% of magnetic particles) and increases the density of the studied materials. 3D materials based on Coll/CTS/HA with magnetic particles are rigid and inflexible. With the increasing content of magnetic particles in the polymer blend, the Young's modulus decreases. 3D material with magnetite particles can be used in biomedical applications, such as tissue repair and drug delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study 3D collagen materials with magnetic properties were prepared by lyophilization technique. Magnetic particles were synthesized by precipitation of iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate and iron (III) chloride hexahydrate in an aqueous solution of chitosan and then added to a collagen solution. Starch dialdehyde (DAS) was used as a cross-linking agent for the materials. The properties of the obtained materials were studied using infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Additionally, mechanical properties, porosity, density, swelling and moisture content were measured. It was found that 3D composites made from collagen with magnetic particles are hydrophilic with a high swelling ability. Cross-linking of such collagen materials with dialdehyde starch (DAS) alters the swelling degree, porosity and density of materials. The addition of magnetic particles to collagen materials decreases its porosity, and increases the density of the studied materials. Collagen 3D materials with magnetic particles are rigid and inflexible. Magnetic properties of the 3D collagen materials containing magnetic particles were confirmed by the interaction of this material with a magnet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis of carboxymethyl-cellulose/magnetite (CMC/Fe3O4) was carried out. This magnetic hybrid material was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. The adsorption of norfloxacin and cefotaxim antimicrobial substances (ATB) onto the CMC/Fe3O4 was performed in order to investigate the capacity of the magnetic scaffold to improve the antimicrobial activity of the respective therapeutic agents, assessed by an in vitro quantitative assay. The obtained results proved that CMC/Fe3O4/ATBs might be a promising candidate for the development of efficient and cheap antimicrobial drugs carriers under magnetic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing evidence shows that magnetic fields and magnetic responsive scaffolds can play unique roles in promoting bone repair and regeneration. This article addresses the synergistic effects of magnetic scaffolds in response to external magnetic fields on the bone regeneration in situ. Additionally, the exploration of using magnetic scaffolds as tools in the bone implant fixation, local drug delivery and mimicking microenvironment of stem cell differentiation are introduced. We also discussed possible underlying mechanisms and perspectives of magnetic responsive scaffolds in the bone repair and regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Macroporous scaffolds with bioactivity and magnetic properties can be a good candidate for bone regeneration and hyperthermia. In addition, modifying the surface of the scaffolds with biocompatible materials can increase their potential for in vivo applications. Here, we developed a multifunctional nanocomposite Mg 2 SiO 4 -CuFe 2 O 4 scaffold for bone regeneration and hyperthermia. The surface of scaffold was coated with various concentrations of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB, 1-5% (w/v)). It was observed that 3% (w/v) of P3HB provided a favorable combination of porosity (79 ± 2.1%) and compressive strength (3.2 ± 0.11 MPa). The hyperthermia potential of samples was assessed in the presence of various magnetic fields in vitro. The coated scaffolds showed a lower degradation rate than the un-coated one up to 35 days of soaking in simulated biological medium. Due to the porous and specific morphology of P3HB, it was found that in vitro bioactivity and cell attachment were increased on the scaffold. Moreover, it was observed that the P3HB coating improved the cell viability, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralization of the scaffold. Finally, we studied the bone formation ability of the scaffolds in vivo, and implanted the developed scaffold in the rat's femur for 8 weeks. Micro-computed tomography results including bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness exhibited an improvement in the bone regeneration of the coated scaffold compared to the control. The overall results of this study introduce a highly macroporous scaffold with multifunctional performance, noticeable ability in bone regeneration, and hyperthermia properties for osteosarcoma., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Abstract: Scaffold fixation represents one of the most serious challenges in osteochondral defect surgery. Indeed, the fixation should firmly hold the scaffold in the implanted position as well as it should guaranty stable bone/scaffold interface for efficient tissue regeneration. Nonetheless successful results have been achieved for small defect repair, the fixation remains really problematic for large defects, i.e. defects with areas exceeding 2cm2. This paper advances an innovative magnetic fixation approach based on application of magnetic scaffolds. Finite element modeling was exploited to investigate the fixation efficiency. We considered three magnetic configurations: (1) external permanent magnet ring placed around the leg near the joint; (2) four small permanent magnet pins implanted in the bone underlying the scaffold; (3) four similarly implanted stainless steel pins which magnetization was induced by the external magnet. It was found that for most appropriate magnetic materials and optimized magnet-scaffold positioning all the considered configurations provide a sufficient scaffold fixation. In addition to fixation, we analyzed the pressure induced by magnetic forces at the bone/scaffold interface. Such pressure is known to influence significantly the bone regeneration and could be used for magneto-mechanical stimulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A basic approach toward the design of three-dimensional (3D) rapid prototyped magnetic scaffolds for hard-tissue regeneration has been proposed. In particular, 3D scaffolds consisting of a poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) matrix and iron oxide (Fe3O4) or iron-doped hydroxyapatite (FeHA) nanoparticles were fabricated through a 3D fibre deposition technique. As a first approach, a polymer to nanoparticle weight ratio of 90/10 (wt/wt) was used. The effect of the inclusion of both kinds of nanoparticles on the mechanical, magnetic, and biological performances of the scaffolds was studied. The inclusion of Fe3O4 and FeHA nanoparticles generally improves the modulus and the yield stress of the fibres if compared to those of neat PCL, as well as the modulus of the scaffolds. Micro-computed tomography has confirmed the possibility to design morphologically-controlled structures with a fully interconnected pore network. Magnetisation analyses performed at 37°C have highlighted M-H curves that are not hysteretic; values of saturation magnetisation (Ms) of about 3.9 emu/g and 0.2 emu/g have been evaluated for PCL/Fe3O4 and PCL/FeHA scaffolds, respectively. Furthermore, results from confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) carried out on cell-scaffold constructs have evidenced that human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) better adhered and were well spread on the PCL/Fe3O4 and PCL/FeHA nanocomposite scaffolds in comparison with the PCL structures. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The electrospun fibrous scaffold has shown a great potential due to an extracellular matrix-mimicking structure of nanofibers, however, a three-dimensional (3D) fibrous scaffold, much similar to in vivo environment, still remains challenging in fabrication. The magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been explored to promote bone-related cells activity under static magnetic field (SMF). Herein, via electrospinning, Fe 3 O 4 MNPs and icariin (ICA) from traditional Chinese medicine were introduced into polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers to manufacture two-dimensional (2D) membranes (PCL/Fe 3 O 4 /ICA), which were then expanded to 3D scaffold by depressurization of subcritical CO 2 fluid. The expanding behavior was more remarkable for the membrane collected from rotary collector than that on plate collector, especially after the addition of Fe 3 O 4 MNPs. Co-cultured with pre-osteoblasts, PCL/Fe 3 O 4 /ICA 3D scaffold induced a higher cell proliferation viability than that in 2D membrane in later period, and the combined utilization with SMF group showed the highest cell viability. When implanted subcutaneously, 3D scaffold exhibited better cell infiltration, internal collagen deposition and angiogenesis due to the enhanced porosity and the action of ICA. This highly porous magnetic PCL/Fe 3 O 4 /ICA 3D scaffold provided a new idea for the design and application of magnetic scaffold in the bone tissue engineering. • The polycaprolactone/Fe 3 O 4 /icariin (PCL/Fe 3 O 4 /ICA) 2D magnetic fibrous membrane was fabricated via electrospinning. • The supercritical CO 2 -expanded 3D magnetic scaffold was only fabricated by using 2D membrane collected from rotary collector. • PCL/Fe 3 O 4 /ICA 3D magnetic composite scaffold induced the highest MC3T3-E1 cells proliferationunder static magnetic field. • PCL/Fe 3 O 4 /ICA 3D magnetic composite scaffold showed better cell infiltration, internal collagen deposition and angiogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3D multifunctional bone scaffolds have recently attracted more attention in bone tissue engineering because of addressing critical issues like bone cancer and inflammation beside bone regeneration. In this study, a 3D bone scaffold is fabricated from Mg 2 SiO 4 -CoFe 2 O 4 nanocomposite which is synthesized via a two-step synthesis strategy and then the scaffold's surface is modified with poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB)-ordered mesoporous magnesium silicate (OMMS) composite to improve its physicochemical and biological properties. The Mg 2 SiO 4 -CoFe 2 O 4 scaffold is fabricated through polymer sponge technique and the scaffold exhibits an interconnected porous structure in the range of 100–600 μm. The scaffold is then coated with OMMS/P3HB composite via dip coating and the physical, chemical, and biological-related properties of OMMS/P3HB composite-coated scaffold are assessed and compared to the non-coated and P3HB-coated scaffolds in vitro. It is found that, on the one hand, P3HB increases the cell attachment, proliferation, and compressive strength of the scaffold, but on the other hand, it weakens the bioactivity kinetic. Addition of OMMS to the coating composition is accompanied with significant increase in bioactivity kinetic. Besides, OMMS/P3HB composite-coated scaffold exhibits higher drug loading capacity and more controlled release manner up to 240 h than the other samples because of OMMS which has a high surface area and ordered mesoporous structure suitable for controlled release applications. The overall results indicate that OMMS/P3HB coating on Mg 2 SiO 4 -CoFe 2 O 4 scaffold leads to a great improvement in bioactivity, drug delivery potential, compressive strength, cell viability, and proliferation. Moreover, OMMS/P3HB composite-coated scaffold has heat generation capability for hyperthermia-based bone cancer therapy and so it is suggested as a multifunctional scaffold with great potentials for bone cancer therapy and regeneration. Unlabelled Image • Mg 2 SiO 4 -CoFe 2 O 4 3D bone scaffold is coated with poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-ordered mesoporous magnesium silicate. • Physicochemical and biological-related properties of the scaffolds are carefully assessed in vitro. • Hyperthermia effect and drug delivery behavior of the scaffolds are assessed in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetic silk fibroin protein (SFP) scaffolds integrating magnetic materials and featuring magnetic gradients were prepared for potential utility in magnetic-field assisted tissue engineering. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were introduced into SFP scaffolds via dip-coating methods, resulting in magnetic SFP scaffolds with different strengths of magnetization. Magnetic SFP scaffolds showed excellent hyperthermia properties achieving temperature increases up to 8 °C in about 100 s. The scaffolds were not toxic to osteogenic cells and improved cell adhesion and proliferation. These findings suggest that tailored magnetized silk-based biomaterials can be engineered with interesting features for biomaterials and tissue-engineering applications.