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Allah revealed the Holy Qur’an in the Arabic language, and the Arabs became famous for their interest in their language and their high valuation for it, after the revelation of the Qur’an, scholars began to study the Arabic language more systematically and developed classifications for its arts. There is no doubt that the holy Qur’an enriched this language in all aspects, meanwhile, the Arabs are unable to reach the Quran’s eloquence. So, people found the need to explain and clarify some ambiguous meanings in the Holy Qur’an due to the conquests and the expansion of Islam as well as the mingling of the Arabic tongue with other languages. Thus, the so-called science of strangeness of the Qur’an arose. Abu Hayyan Al-Andalusi was among the linguists who were interested in this science and left a significant legacy, he was famous for his deep knowledge of the language along with the sciences of interpretation, Hadith, and literature. So, he wrote in this regard a book called “Tuhfat Al-Arib, of what is in the Qur’an is strange”, in which Abu Hayyan explained the strange words mentioned in the Holy Qur’an through the use of lexical meaning, showing the importance of the linguistic impact in his explanation. This research aims to reveal the linguistic approach used by Abu Hayyan and to explain its role and impact in explaining strange meanings in the Holy Qur’an., أنزل الله تعالى القرآن الكريم باللغة العربية، وقد اشتهر العرب باهتمامهم بلغتهم وتقديسهم لها، بعد نزول القرآن بدأ العلماء بدراسة اللغة العربية بشكل منظم أكثر وبدأوا بوضع التصانيف لفنونها، ولا شك في أن القرآن الكريم جاء ليغني هذه اللغة من جميع النواحي ويعجز العرب من ناحية البيان، ومع الفتوحات واتساع رقعة الإسلام واختلاط اللسان العربي بغيره، وجد الناس الحاجة لتفسير وتوضيح بعض المعاني المبهمة في القرآن الكريم، وهكذا نشأ ما يسمى بغريب القرآن، ومن اللغويين الذين اهتموا بهذا العلم وتركوا أثراً فيه كان أبو حيان الأندلسي الذي اشتهر بسعة علمه في اللغة إلى جانب علوم التفسير والحديث والأدب، وألف في هذا المجال كتاباً سماه "تحفة الاريب بما في القرآن من غريب"، حيث قام أبو حيان في هذا الكتاب بشرح الألفاظ الغريبة المذكورة في القرآن الكريم من خلال استخدام الدلالة المعجمية محاولا إظهار أهمية الأثر اللغوي في شرحه و يهدف هذا البحث إلى الكشف عن المنهج اللغوي الذي استخدمه أبو حيان وبيان دوره وتأثيره في شرح المعاني الغريبة في القران الكريم., Allah revealed the Holy Qur’an in the Arabic language, and the Arabs became famous for their interest in their language and their high valuation for it, after the revelation of the Qur’an, scholars began to study the Arabic language more systematically and developed classifications for its arts. There is no doubt that the holy Qur’an enriched this language in all aspects, meanwhile, the Arabs are unable to reach the Quran’s eloquence. So, people found the need to explain and clarify some ambiguous meanings in the Holy Qur’an due to the conquests and the expansion of Islam as well as the mingling of the Arabic tongue with other languages. Thus, the so-called science of strangeness of the Qur’an arose. Abu Hayyan Al-Andalusi was among the linguists who were interested in this science and left a significant legacy, he was famous for his deep knowledge of the language along with the sciences of interpretation, Hadith, and literature. So, he wrote in this regard a book called “Tuhfat Al-Arib, of what is in the Qur’an is strange”, in which Abu Hayyan explained the strange words mentioned in the Holy Qur’an through the use of lexical meaning, showing the importance of the linguistic impact in his explanation. This research aims to reveal the linguistic approach used by Abu Hayyan and to explain its role and impact in explaining strange meanings in the Holy Qur’an

Objectives: The result of auditory brainstem response is used worldwide for detecting hearing impairments or hearing aids. This study aimed to introduce the superiority of mathematical innovation algorithm toward subjective evaluation by an audiologist. The automatic algorithm method is encouraged for detecting the waves of Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR), because it can reduce subjective evaluation biases and visual analysis errors. This article portrays another technique for automatic detection of the peaks. Finally, by obtaining the standard pattern with this automatic algorithm for Persian speakers, we will compare it with the English speakers whose information was obtained by subjective method in Northwestern University. This article describes the effect of different factors on brainstem responses by performing a new automatic method. Methods: Auditory evoked potentials of brainstem activity were recorded by Electro encephalogram (EEG) of 27 Persian speaker adults with normal hearing. Three stimulus /ga/, /da/, and /ba/ were presented. This strategy depends on the utilization of reference wave forms, time latencies, and peaks adjusted and comparison with the ABR. Brainstem response latencies of brainstem peaks were extracted by the automatic method in temporal and spectral domains. This step provides language patterns for Persian speakers. Finally, the results of Persian speakers were compared with the results of a previous study done in Northwestern University by the same recording protocol as our own study on 22 English speaker children. Intraclass correlation coefficients and paired t test were used for evaluating and comparing the results. Results: According to the results, the performance of automatic method is high and reliable. Automatic and visual analysis methods had significant interaction. Latency of auditory brainstem response to the same stimulus in the two study groups was different and had a significant latency. The significance of these discoveries and clinical outcomes of this target strategy are featured in this paper. Discussion: This simple innovative algorithm could find the correct location of ABR peaks. Because of different acoustic signs and symptoms in the brainstem, the time latencies for all three stimulus used in this study are completely different.

Language is not only a mater of communication or description, it’s also representations in the recipient’s mind. It generates an environment of knowledges, and modifies symbols. There is a switchover comes from the descriptive function to a creative one. Institutions build realities too. Causality is a way of creating both realities and flexible knowledges. It applies to micro/macro phenomena, concrete and abstract things. Linguistically it is compositional as much as holistic. Two properties are essential : anchoring in the real and robust predictability. A double description derives of this : cause is a link between cause and effect, and also between premises ans conclusion in argumentation. It is caracterised by multiplicity of situations, of theoretical conceptions, interpretations. But argumentation precisely presents a such plurality : the rhetoric discourse which it belongs, being dedicated to the likelihood. This thesis describes whether and how the argumentative discourse is convincing from the standpoint of the cause. A theoretical hypothesis is proposed, based on epistemological, psycho-linguistic, pragmatic conceptions, to describe more closely the mechanism of "tipping" of the cause de re to the cause de dicto. An "ideal" situation is proposed, a spiral circularity, at the level of individual and collective values, themselves conveyed by the linguistic, constituents of the verbal exchange. Several approaches is proposed of language in French, especially in school grammar analysis.; Le langage n'est pas seulement une matière de communication ou de description, c'est aussi une représentation dans l'esprit du destinataire. Il génère des connaissances, et en modifie les symboles. C'est un outil de description et de création. Les institutions construisent aussi des réalités. La causalité présente aussi ces qualités. Elle s'applique aux "micro" et aux "macro" phénomènes, au concret, à l'abstrait. Elle a linguistiquement, les propriétés de compositionnalité, d'holisme, d'ancrage dans le réel, de prévisibilité expérimentale. Une double description en découle: c'est un lien entre cause et effet, et entre prémisses et conclusion argumentatives. Elle subsume la multiplicité des situations, des conceptions théoriques, des interprétations. Mais l'argumentation est par excellence le discours de la vraisemblance rhétorique. Cette thèse décrit si et comment le discours argumentatif est convaincant avec la cause. Une hypothèse théorique est proposée, des conceptions épistémologiques, psycholinguistiques et pragmatiques, pour décrire de plus près le mécanisme de basculement de la cause de re vers la cause de dicto. Une situation «idéale» est modélisée, une circularité spirale est constatée, au niveau des valeurs individuelles et collectives, elles-mêmes véhiculées par les constituants linguistiques de l'échange verbal. Plusieurs fils réflexifs en découlent, dont l'analyse grammaticale scolaire.