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Virtual power plants （VPPs） represent a tangible implementation in the construction of modern power systems. Addressing the current challenges of limited applicable technical standards and a lag in the development of a standardized system for VPPs， this paper， based on the collection and organization of relevant standards， conducts a comprehensive analysis of the standardization status across various facets of VPPs， including basic general standards， planning and construction， operation and maintenance， supporting technologies， and energy efficiency assessments. Adopting both top-down and bottom-up approaches of system engineering and guided by the principles of directive， coordinating， systematic， and open VPP standard system construction， a system architecture has been designed. The architecture encompasses 15 subcategories and 52 standard series. Furthermore， based on a future demand analysis， key layout recommendations have been proposed to provide reference for the establishment and revision of VPP standards.

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The supercritical CO2 (S-CO2) Brayton cycle has recently been gaining a lot of attention for application to next generation nuclear reactors. The advantages of the S-CO2 cycle are high efficiency in the mild turbine inlet temperature region and a small physical footprint with a simple layout, compact turbomachinery, and heat exchangers. Several heat sources including nuclear, fossil fuel, waste heat, and renewable heat sources such as solar thermal or fuel cells are potential application areas of the S-CO2 cycle. In this paper, the current development progress of the S-CO2 cycle is introduced. Moreover, a quick comparison of various S-CO2 layouts is presented in terms of cycle performance.

Some people may be disadvantaged on the labor market because of their lower productivity; still, they have the same right to be employed as any other citizen. Social cooperatives employ disabled workers who are trained and supported in developing their abilities through individualized paths and targeted techniques. For the cooperatives to survive on the labor market, an improvement of management procedures and internal organization is required. To achieve this result, an optimal arrangement of activities must be determined to streamline the production processes, which is why Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) has been modified and adapted to fit disabled workers contexts. The factors of social cooperatives influencing the layout study have been determined and introduced into the classic SLP; the new methodology has been applied at L'Iride, a social cooperative developed through the years. The new layout has shown an improvement in space saturation of 219.2% and 197.5% considering the years 2019 and 2020. This paper provides social cooperatives with a revised SLP, including social factors, to enhance the disabled workers situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]