Current status and demand analysis of virtual power plant standardization

Virtual power plants （VPPs） represent a tangible implementation in the construction of modern power systems. Addressing the current challenges of limited applicable technical standards and a lag in the development of a standardized system for VPPs， this paper， based on the collection and organization of relevant standards， conducts a comprehensive analysis of the standardization status across various facets of VPPs， including basic general standards， planning and construction， operation and maintenance， supporting technologies， and energy efficiency assessments. Adopting both top-down and bottom-up approaches of system engineering and guided by the principles of directive， coordinating， systematic， and open VPP standard system construction， a system architecture has been designed. The architecture encompasses 15 subcategories and 52 standard series. Furthermore， based on a future demand analysis， key layout recommendations have been proposed to provide reference for the establishment and revision of VPP standards.