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Virtual worlds and their numerous digital geographies are ubiquitous in everyday life. This article addresses the intersection of two increasingly popular mediums: virtual reality and videogames. It argues that the immersion, presence, or sense of being in a virtual world is performative: that inhabitations of virtual space are constituted through social, cultural, and material relations. Through critical observations of virtual reality videogame play and in-depth interviews with players, this article shows how virtual worlds are socially and culturally shaped spaces of interaction. This article establishes the potential of ongoing geographic engagement with complex virtual worlds and how they exceed any one form or interface. It concludes by suggesting new directions for research in geographies of videogames, virtual worlds, virtual reality and their diverse spatialities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Reducing hypoglycemic episodes in type 1 diabetic (T1DM) patients remains a challenge during and several hours after traditional aerobic sessions. Alternatively, active video games (AVG) or exergames, may offer higher enjoyment levels, although their effects on capillary blood glucose (CBG) and hypoglycemias are unknown. To investigate an AVG session on 24-h CBG levels and hypoglycemic episodes in comparison to traditional aerobic exercise in T1DM patients under real-life settings. This crossover study consisted of three conditions: resting (control, CON), AVG, and running (RUN). First, volunteers (7 men and 3 women) performed CON, and CBG was measured immediately before, and immediately after, 30 min, 6 h, 12 h, 18 h, and 24 h after. Hypoglycemic episodes (daytime and nighttime) were also recorded. Then, AVG and RUN sessions were performed in a randomized order. CBG was measured at the same time points and procedures. Statistical differences were seen in CBG concerning AVG and RUN sessions in comparison to CON, immediately and 30 min after. CBG values were similar between active conditions. However, six hypoglycemic episodes were found after RUN, and only one after AVG (p = 0.022; X 2 (1) = 7.342). Similar reductions in 24-h CBG concerning AVG and RUN were found, although exergames led to fewer hypoglycemic episodes (daytime and nighttime) than intensity- and duration-matched traditional aerobic exercise. These findings corroborate that Kinect Adventure-exergame may be an interesting and effective exercise tool for T1DM treatment, mainly for hypoglycemia mitigation, which is the main barrier for this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article studies the use of digital technology by adolescents in times of social distancing during the Covid 19 pandemic and characterises the new forms of interpersonal interaction, group identification, and support for the adolescent quest for identity that it offers. The use of technology, and more especially digital technology, among teenagers seems to have the ability to be an effective tool in the fight against anxiety-inducing situations, such as loneliness, abandonment, loss of connection to others and questioning of identity, particularly during a pandemic. Digital technology has helped to enable these distressed teenagers continue to build their identity by integrating it into their psyche. This integration is based on the teenager's own relationship with digital technology, whose main characteristics are highlighted. The specific situation of intensive use of video games has enabled teenagers to try to soothe or mentally escape from anxiety-inducing claustrophobic family situations presenting too intense interpersonal proximity. Solitary game-playing allows them to distance themselves from a real-life environmental situation, evoking a cleavage mechanism, while shared online activity used wisely can provide access to a shared group experience, supporting identity-construction possibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the impact of streaming on serial writing, using the case of puzzle series and, more specifically, the German science fiction series Dark (Baran bo Odar and Jantje Friese, Netflix, 2017-2020) broadcasted on Netflix. How do we understand the critical success of series that challenge interpretation by multiplying the "cognitive dissonance" effects (Kiss & Willemsen 2018)? Is it a response to the economic imperative of renewal of forms and formats in a context of increased competition? Is it a way of translating, by intensifying them, the contradictions and dilemmas of the current world? Or is it the result of a transformation of the audiovisual landscape and digital technologies that facilitate the spatio-temporal manipulations? Without excluding other interpretations, we will defend the hypothesis that puzzle series are the sign of the streaming giants' aim to personalize their offer, on the one hand by disavowing their debt to "traditional" television, and on the other by imitating the interactivity of video games. More broadly, puzzle series question the economic and ideological stakes of this extreme form of "Complex TV" (Mittell 2015), which encourages fan investment through various means suitable for data mining. The aim is therefore to highlight the economic impact of the digital broadcasting model, which relies both on the power of the audience's collective intelligence and on that of algorithmic computation.

La pratique des jeux vidéo a été très largement étudiée ces dernières années, notamment leur utilisation problématique voire pathologique. Cependant, les études s'intéressant aux spécificités des joueurs de jeux vidéo et aux jeux vidéo eux-mêmes se font rares, particulièrement en France. Pourtant, ne serait-il pas important de mieux connaitre cette population et ce loisir pour mieux comprendre les résultats obtenus dans la littérature ? La présente étude a donc l'objectif de répondre aux questions suivantes : Qui sont les joueurs de jeux vidéo ? Qui joue à quoi ? Et quels sont les risques de cette pratique ? Pour répondre à cet objectif, un questionnaire a été diffusé auprès de 1600 individus âgés en moyenne de 26,39 ± 7,41 ans. Afin d'étudier les caractéristiques des joueurs selon leur type de jeu préféré, nous avons divisé cet échantillon en plusieurs groupes dont les joueurs d'action-aventure (N = 826), les joueurs de simulation (N = 331), les joueurs de jeux de rôle et de jeux d'arène (N = 277) et les joueurs de réflexion (N = 115). Les questions portaient sur les données sociodémographiques des joueurs, leurs habitudes de jeu ainsi que sur le trouble du jeu vidéo (Game Addiction Scale). Les résultats ont montré, entre autres, que le profil des joueurs de réflexion serait plutôt féminin et plus âgé avec des temps de jeu relativement courts. De plus, les joueurs de réflexion seraient moins enclins à développer un trouble du jeu vidéo. À l'inverse, les profils des joueurs de jeux de rôle, d'action-aventure et de simulation seraient plutôt masculins et plus jeunes avec un temps de jeu relativement élevé pour les jeux de rôle. Enfin, ces derniers, ainsi que les jeux d'action-aventure, rendraient les joueurs plus vulnérables au développement d'une pratique problématique voire pathologique. La présente étude démontre un réel intérêt car elle nous a permis de clarifier des résultats souvent contradictoires dans la littérature mais surtout elle rassemble dans une même enquête de nombreuses informations sur les caractéristiques des joueurs de jeux vidéo, notamment les joueurs français, peu étudiés jusqu'à présent. Video-gaming has often been investigated during the past decades, especially pathological use of videogames. Yet, psychological studies investigating gamers' characteristics and features of videogames are rare, especially in France. Would it not be relevant to better understand players and videogames in order to better understand results from the scientific literature? The present study aims to answer the following questions: Who plays videogames? Who plays what? What are the risks? A questionnaire was distributed to 1600 participants aged 26,39 ± 7,41 years. To investigate player characteristics depending on each type of videogame, we divided our sample into several groups including action-adventure gamers (N = 826), simulation gamers (N = 331), role and battle gamers (N = 277) and strategy gamers (N = 115). Questions were about sociodemographic characteristics, gaming habits and gaming disorder (Game Addiction Scale). Results pointed out that strategy gamers were mainly female and older with shorter gaming times. Moreover, they would be less subject to gaming disorder. In contrast, role and battle gamers, simulation gamers and action-adventure gamers were more apt to be male and younger with longer gaming times for the first type (i.e., role and battle games). The latter and action-adventure games were also more associated with gaming disorder. The present study has allowed us to clarify contradictory results from the scientific literature, and at the same time it gathered considerable relevant information about gamers' characteristics, especially French gamers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to review the existing scientific knowledge on Internet Gaming Disorder among young adults ranging from 18 to 30 years old. The phenomena’s evolution, the many definitions of the concept, the role of massively multiplayer online roleplaying games (MMORPG) and random reward mechanisms, known risk factors and consequences along with potential existing treatments are examined in the present review. Conclusions on the understanding of the disorder and its treatment are then drawn based on the current literature. Suggestions on where future research endeavors should be oriented are also made according to the drawn conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les jeux vidéo sont une réalité de la culture d’aujourd’hui. Cet article est basé sur un échantillon de neuf protocoles de Rorschach appliques à de jeunes adultes qui sont des joueurs actifs. Les résultats du Rorschach montrent une difficulté à bien appréhender la réalité, une dynamique affective introvertie et un niveau élevé d’angoisse —des caractéristiques liées à un mouvement psychique où se posent des questions de force et d’autorité (I et IV), des arsenaux de guerre (VII), avec inscription dans des relations affectives (II et III) ou des logiques régressives (VIII, IX et X). Cette étude nous a permis de construire un (proto)virtuel, avec de nouveaux Avatars au Rorschach, une construction tridimensionnelle qui entrelace le réel et le virtuel, dans un domaine de la projection sur la perception, où le (proto)mentale est (re)signifié.

As a result of technological advances, digital archives now have a significant role to play in the conservation of history. Video games have also become a part of this preservation. Video game archives are created all over the world for scientific, historical, cultural, and technical interests. The goal of this article is to build a reflection on the functions of video games and the possibility of considering them as archives. Four archive functions and four video games (Hell Let Loose, Company of Heroes 2, Kholat and Assassin's Creed: Origins) containing cultural and historical elements from Russia will allow to clarify the functions of video games, as well as the similarities with archives and to bring a new look on the cultural and educational value of video games. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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La pandémie liée au COVID-19 a modifié les habitudes quotidiennes de la population. Dans ce contexte, certaines activités ont été favorisées, parfois même encouragées, telles que l'usage des jeux vidéo (JV). L'objectif de cette étude était d'investiguer l'impact de la pandémie sur la pratique des JV en tenant compte du type de passion et de la personnalité. Une méthodologie mixte a été utilisée. En sus de la quantité de pratique des JV, le Big Five Inventory a permis d'évaluer la personnalité et l'Echelle de passion de distinguer le type de passion selon le modèle dualiste. Un entretien semi-directif permettait d'évaluer l'impact des confinements sur la pratique ludique et le ressenti du joueur durant cette période. Parmi les 137 joueurs de JV (âge moyen de 30,26 ans) ayant rempli les auto-questionnaires, 10 ont participé à l'entretien semi-directif. Quel que soit le type de passion, le temps de pratique des JV a augmenté durant les confinements (en fréquence et en temps). Une relation négative a été retrouvée entre l'Ouverture et le temps de pratique des JV la semaine avant et durant la pandémie, ainsi qu'avec la passion obsessive. Les données qualitatives ont montré que le JV est apparu comme une activité occupationnelle, source de plaisir, d'évasion par rapport émotions négatives liées à la crise sanitaire, et de soutien social. L'usage des JV a été évoqué par les participants comme une stratégie efficace pour faire face aux difficultés engendrées par la pandémie de COVID-19. The pandemic linked to Covid-19 has changed the daily habits of the population. In this context, some activities have been favored, sometimes even encouraged, such as the use of video games. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on video game use taking into account the type of passion and personality. A mixed methodology was used. In addition to the amount of gaming use, the Big Five Inventory was used to assess personality and the Passion Scale to distinguish the type of passion according to the dualistic model. A semi-structured interview made assessed the impact of confinements on gaming use and the gamer's feelings during this period. Among the 137 gamers (mean age 30.26) who completed the self-questionnaires, 10 participated in the semi-structured interview. Whatever the type of passion, gaming use increased during the lockdown period (in frequency and time). A negative relationship was found between Openness and gaming use during the week before and during the pandemic, as well as with obsessive passion. Qualitative data showed that gaming use emerged as an occupational activity, source of pleasure, escape from negative emotions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and social support. The use of video games was mentioned by participants as an effective strategy to deal with the difficulties caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital geographies and musical geographies are proliferating. This article considers a topic at the intersection of both: videogame music. It argues that, through attention to such music, geographical approaches to videogames, and to music, can be radically expanded. Specifically, it argues that instrumental score, increasingly employed in major videogame franchises, should be subject to greater focus. Close analysis of instrumental score offers new ways of understanding the spatiality of musical style, structure and form. This article illustrates the potential of greater geographical engagement with instrumental music through the case study of the Legend of Zelda: one of the most popular videogame franchises. It concludes by suggesting new directions for research in the geographies of gaming, and in the geographies of music. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cet article expose la transposition en modalité à distance d’une activité de prototypage papier pour la conception de jeux vidéo se déroulant initialement en présentiel dans le cadre d’un cursus hybride. Le passage dans l’urgence au format numérique de cette activité nous a amenés à médiatiser la collaboration tangible et présentielle vers la modalité distancielle, sans possibilité de re-conception globale du scénario pédagogique. Nous décrivons le dispositif mis en place, le déroulement de l’activité, puis analysons ses succès et limites, à partir de nos analyses et des retours des apprenants.

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Dans le monde, les technologies sont de plus en plus utilisées en psychothérapies, et plus largement dans le domaine de la santé mentale. Parmi ces technologies, les jeux vidéo et les robots ont donnée lieu à un grand nombre de recherches. Pour autant, ces études ne décrivent pas précisément : d'une part, les modalités d'utilisation de ces technologies dans les dispositifs en psychothérapie ; d'autre part, quel niveau de fonctionnement en psychothérapie (explicite ou implicite) est concerné par ces dispositifs. Cette recherche poursuit donc l'objectif de présenter les principales orientations thérapeutiques de ces dispositifs, tout en les croisant aux niveaux de fonctionnement en psychothérapie. Pour conduire cette revue, nous avons utilisé une perspective qualitative et conceptuelle, en suivant trois étapes clés (définition du périmètre de l'étude, recherche documentaire et analyse de la littérature), et consistant en une intégration des publications organisées d'une manière thématique, et regroupées ensuite par orientation en psychothérapie. D'une part, trois orientations thérapeutiques sont distinguées : l'utilisation des technologies comme des objets thérapeutiques en eux-mêmes (à la manière des serious game) ; l'utilisation de ces technologies pour faciliter l'adhésion, l'alliance et la communication thérapeutiques (« médiation relationnelle » soignant-patient ou psychothérapeute-patient) ; l'utilisation des jeux vidéo et des robots comme des cyber-médiations en psychothérapie (« médiation thérapeutique » psychothérapeute-patient). D'autre part, ces trois orientations ne semblent pas occuper le même espace au sein des deux niveaux de fonctionnement en psychothérapie. La différence entre la première et la troisième orientation semble tenir en la présence systématique ou non du psychothérapeute. Les limites de cette recherche sont nombreuses, la démarche étant essentiellement qualitative et conceptuelle. Des études complémentaires devront être entreprises. Par ailleurs, les limites potentielles de ces utilisations sont soulignées : les études contrôlées et randomisées sont rares, et les publications sans données expérimentales sont parmi les plus courantes. De plus, les données longitudinales font défaut, notamment en ce qui concerne le maintien et la généralisation des résultats dans le temps. Technologies are used increasingly today in psychotherapy and especially in the field of mental health. Among these technologies, video games and robots have given rise to a large amount of research. However, these studies don't describe precisely the modalities of use of these technologies in psychotherapeutic settings, or which, level of functioning in psychotherapy (explicit or implicit) is concerned by these devices. The aim of this research is to highlight the main therapeutic orientations of the devices while crossing them at the levels of functioning in psychotherapy. To conduct this review we used a qualitative and conceptual perspective and followed three key steps (definition of the perimeter of the study, documentary research and analysis of the literature). The literature has been organized in a thematic way and researches have been gathered according to their orientation in psychotherapy. Three therapeutic orientations are distinguished: the use of technologies as therapeutic objects in themselves (in the manner of serious games); the use of these technologies to facilitate adherence, alliance and therapeutic communication ("relational mediation" caregiver-patient or psychotherapist-patient); the use of video games and robots as cyber-mediations in psychotherapy ("therapeutic mediation" psychotherapist-patient). On the other hand, these three orientations do not seem to occupy the same space within the two levels of functioning in psychotherapy. The difference between the first and third orientations seems to be the systematic presence or not of the psychotherapist. The limitations of this research are numerous, the approach being essentially qualitative and conceptual. Further studies should be undertaken. Additionally, the potential limitations of these uses are highlighted: randomized controlled studies are rare and publications without experimental data are among the most common. Also longitudinal data are lacking, particularly with respect to the maintenance and generalization of results over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La loi de l’adaptation de la société au vieillissement du 1er janvier 2016 traduit une forte mobilisation autour de la problématique de la socialisation de nos aînés. Elle prévoit un budget de 700 millions d’euros afin d’assurer l’accompagnement indispensable aux seniors ; d’une part, par le développement de la « silver économie », réorganisant la société en accordant une place centrale aux personnes âgées et, d’autre part, par la possibilité d’une autonomie de qualité, par l’aménagement des infrastructures urbaines, des logements, des services communs et la revalorisation de leurs allocations. Dans ce contexte social, l’association Silver Geek lutte contre « l’illectronisme » des seniors, en proposant des ateliers d’initiation au numérique pour les personnes âgées, via une approche ludique, utilisant tablettes et consoles de jeux. L’activité eSport se développe chez les seniors dans des lieux sociaux, des centres hospitaliers, des Résidences Autonomies ou encore des EHPAD. Ces pratiques vidéoludiques, comme le bowling sur la console Nintendo Wii U, entraînent des améliorations de l’état de santé physique et cognitive, de la mobilité et de la sociabilité des seniors.Au-delà de ces bénéfices, notre recherche 2vies’UP vise à interroger les enjeux psychiques et psychosociaux spécifiques, non pas du jeu vidéo en lui-même, mais de la compétition eSport, notamment sur les motivations d’accomplissement et la dépressivité des seniors. Nous proposons de présenter, ici, les premiers résultats.

This research studies the association between immersion in Virtual Reality (VR) videogames and emotional activation. Responses to a videogame in a VR setting and in a no VR setting were compared. The study uses a within-subject design with 97 university students. Heart rate and self-perceived emotional state were measured. Results show higher immersion levels and heart rate in the VR condition. Perceived emotional state predicted immersion in both conditions, nevertheless, in the no VR condition higher scores in both, positive and negative, emotions were related with higher immersion experience, while in the VR condition only positive emotions were related with higher immersion. The implications and relevance of these findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Physiotherapy Canada is the property of University of Toronto Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

L’expérience interactive du jeu vidéo permet à tout joueur de concourir à la narration de sa partie. D’un jeu vidéo à l’autre, le dispositif lui laisse une certaine latitude dans la mise en scène des événements et dans leur déroulement. En tant que « co-créateur de son expérience ludique », le joueur entre dans The Stanley Parable (Galactic Cafe, 2013) en conflit ouvert avec un personnage singulier : le narrateur. Figure allégorique s’il en est, ce personnage de narrateur – simple voix hors champ dictant le cours de l’action – est le symbole d’une contrainte structurelle qui s’exerce habituellement de manière impersonnelle. Alors que la plupart des jeux vidéo ont tendance à faire passer le fil d’un scénario pré-écrit pour une suite de décisions appartenant au joueur seul, la contradiction est ici tendue à l’extrême : la contrainte de la narration est personnalisée et l’on peut lui désobéir. Lorsque Stanley, avatar du joueur, arrive devant deux portes, la voix lui intime de prendre celle de gauche. Libre à lui de prendre celle de droite. Une lutte s’instaure alors entre le joueur et le narrateur pour le contrôle de l’histoire.Cette lutte entre narrateur et avatar, au cœur de la mécanique ludique de The Stanley Parable, nous semble questionner la place du joueur dans le dispositif du jeu vidéo. À l’instar des films de la Nouvelle Vague, le jeu de Galactic Cafe parodie les codes et les canons de l’industrie et va jusqu’à les déconstruire pour proposer une expérience singulière de jeu. Cette lutte entre le joueur et le narrateur, explicitée par la mise en scène, n’est-elle pas à l’image de l’ambivalence entre poïèse et esthèse qui structure toute expérience vidéoludique ? N’est-elle pas l’expression imagée d’une lutte intérieure que connaît tout joueur ?

Video games and human-computer interfaces, in their development, were fed by drama and performing arts in order to integrate the consideration of the user and the human in their design. Today, the appearance of an “immersive theater” confirms this rapprochement. Through the sociocritical analysis of the creative process of two plays, Greenhive Green by Punchdrunk Enrichment and The Lost Generation by Madame Lupin, this article draws a parallel between theater residency programs and playtests or early versions in the video game industry. Through a common vocabulary, processes and ambitions, immersive theater and video game seem to constitute a mirror to a dominant participatory ideology where the entrepreneurial, autonomous and self-reliant is valued, as suggested in the Adam Alston’s analysis of the Punchdrunk company’s work. However, like a participatory political theater – the Theatre of the oppressed developed by Augusto Boal –, some artists are appropriating these tools in order to construct art in a collaborative, critical way and in resistance to industry, where audience integration makes the co-construction of an aesthetic experience turned towards emancipation possible.

De nombreuses études scientifiques se sont focalisées sur les profils psychologiques et les motivations à jouer des joueurs ayant un usage problématique et excessif des jeux vidéo. Pourtant, ce sous-ensemble de joueurs n'est pas représentatif de la communauté des « gamers ». La présente étude vise à explorer les profils de personnalité des joueurs en population générale et leurs motivations à jouer afin d'identifier d'éventuelles différences ou similarités avec les profils des non-joueurs et ceux des joueurs problématiques. À l'aide d'un questionnaire en ligne, nous avons évalué les traits de personnalité (Big Five Inventory) et les motivations à jouer (Motivation to Play in Online Games Questionnaire) de 883 adultes francophones. Notre échantillon comprend des non-joueurs, des personnes jouant exclusivement hors ligne et des personnes jouant en ligne (joueurs occasionnels, joueurs réguliers et hyperjoueurs). Les personnes jouant hors ligne, les joueurs réguliers et les hyperjoueurs ont des niveaux d'Extraversion plus bas que ceux des non-joueurs. Les hyperjoueurs ont des niveaux d'Agréabilité plus élevés que les non-joueurs. Plus les personnes s'investissent dans les jeux, plus leurs scores de Neuroticisme augmentent et plus leurs motivations à jouer sont fortes. Les « gamers » en population générale semblent avoir des profils de personnalité assez similaires à ceux des non-joueurs sur le plan de la personnalité. Des études complémentaires sont nécessaires pour identifier un éventuel « point de basculement » entre le fort investissement dans les jeux vidéo (groupe des hyperjoueurs) et le jeu excessif (joueurs ayant un usage problématique). Numerous scientific studies have focused on the psychological profiles and motivations to play of video gamers with problematic or excessive use of video games. However, this subset of gamers is not representative of the gaming community. The present study aims at exploring the personality profiles of gamers in non-clinic population and their motivations to play in order to identify possible differences or similarities with the profiles of non-gamers and problematic gamers. We assessed personality traits (Big Five Inventory) and motivations to play (Motivation to Play in Online Games Questionnaire) of 883 francophone adults through an online survey. Our sample included non-gamers, people who play exclusively offline and people who play online (casual gamers, regular gamers and hardcore gamers). Offline gamers, regular gamers and hardcore gamers have lower levels of Extraversion than non-gamers. Hardcore gamers have higher levels of Agreeableness than non-players. The more people tend to be involved in video gaming, the more their Neuroticism scores and their motivation to play increase. Gamers in general population appear to have personality profiles that are quite similar to non-gamers personality profiles. Further research is needed to identify a possible "tipping point" between high investment in video games (hardcore gamers) and excessive gaming (problematic gamers). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les cognitions inadaptées – pensées et croyances irrationnelles sur nous-mêmes, sur le monde réel et sur les jeux vidéo – font partie des facteurs expliquant le développement et le maintien de l'addiction aux jeux vidéo. Cependant, aucun outil validé ne permet de les évaluer. L'adaptation et la validation française d'un tel outil est l'objectif de cette étude. L'échelle de cognitions liées aux jeux vidéo a été traduite, adaptée et validée en différentes étapes. Premièrement, une version française claire et fidèle à l'originale a été élaborée. Deuxièmement, des analyses factorielles exploratoires (n = 262) ont permis de déterminer une nouvelle structure factorielle en 5 facteurs et 15 items, statistiquement et théoriquement cohérente. Les facteurs identifiés sont : émotions positives, besoin d'achèvement, préoccupation cognitive, confort virtuel et besoin de reconnaissance. Troisièmement, des analyses factorielles confirmatoires (n = 187) ont permis de valider la structure avec des indices d'ajustement satisfaisants : RMSEA =.055, RMR =.027, GFI =.917, CFI =.939, TLI =.920, IFI =.941. Quatrièmement, des corrélations ont permis de conclure que notre outil avait une bonne validité externe, démontrant des liens significatifs avec d'autres variables, déjà démontrés dans la littérature. Enfin, une approche test–retest (n = 27) a permis de confirmer la bonne stabilité temporelle de notre outil (r =.94, p <.001). La présente étude a ainsi permis de développer un nouvel outil mesurant les cognitions inadaptées des joueurs et présentant de bonnes qualités psychométriques. Cet outil trouvera son utilité, tant dans la recherche que dans la pratique. Maladaptive cognitions – irrational beliefs and thoughts about the self, the real and virtual worlds – are part of the variables, which explain the development and the maintaining of gaming addiction. However, no French instrument had yet been fully designed and validated to assess these cognitions. The present study aimed to adapt and validate, in French, such an instrument: the Internet Gaming Cognitions Scale (IGCS). This scale is composed of 24 items and 4 factors assessing maladaptive cognitions among players – beliefs about game reward value and tangibility, maladaptive and inflexible rules about gaming behaviour, over-reliance on gaming to meet self-esteem needs and, finally, gaming as a method of gaining social acceptance. In the present study, the IGCS was back-translated, adapted and validated in several steps. Firstly, two bilingual individuals back-translated the English scale. Committee analysis, clearness and validity assessing allowed us to design a clear and faithful French version. Secondly, exploratory factor analysis (n = 262) was conducted to determine the new structure of the scale, which was statistically and theoretically valid. Nine items had to be removed from the original version. Actually, five factors – with 15 items left – were identified: positive emotions, need of completion, cognitive salience, virtual comfort and need of social recognition. Thirdly, acceptable and/or satisfactory MacDonald's Omegas confirmed the identification and the relevance of these five factors. Fourthly, confirmatory factor analyses (n = 187) were conducted to validate the structure with satisfactory fit indices: RMSEA =.055, RMR =.027, GFI =.917, CFI =.939. Only Chi2 was unsatisfactory, but was compensated for by good TLI (.92) and IFI (.94). Fifthly, correlations allowed us to conclude that our scale had a good construct validity showing previously demonstrated links with other variables (weekly gaming time, addiction). Convergent validity was also found with similar constructs. The latter were assessed through the assessment of cognitions, emotions, and behaviours involved in gaming. Finally, test–retest reliability was assessed (n = 27), concluding with a good consistence across time (r =.94, P <.001). The present study allowed us to design and validate a French scale, which assesses gamers' maladaptive cognitions and shows good psychometric attributes. This scale would be very useful in research and practical fields, knowing how much maladaptive cognitions play a role in the development and the maintenance of gaming disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cet article porte sur l’habiter posthumain représenté dans les jeux vidéo cyberpunk de la franchise WATCH_DOGS. Après une redéfinition du posthumain en termes ontogéographiques, les spécificités de l’habiter posthumain seront décrites en tant que transversion, phénomène entendu comme le fruit d’un mouvement dynamique allant de l’inversion (introjection du milieu humain dans les limites physiques du corps par le biais de la technique) à l’éversion (projection du corps dans le milieu par le biais de la technique). S’ensuivra une analyse portant sur la manière dont WATCH_DOGS traite de la transversion dans le cadre de la ville intelligente vue comme une ville posthumaine.

The purpose of this article is to question the centrality of narrative as the driving force behind narration in video games. After having shown how it is appropriate to move from a logic of discourse to a logic of world, we propose, by taking up the notion of worldness used by Klastrup and Tosca and adapting it to the videogame context, the model of the narrator-investigator which allows us to conceive videogame narration as the reconstruction of a database through a world – in its fictional, pragmatic and technical manifestations - which itself organizes the conditions of its exploration. In this way, the narrative finds itself off-centre in a world logic that is communicated to the player through a multiplicity of processes.

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The somatic consequences of the COVID-19 are numerous and often serious, but mental health has been a neglected aspect at least in the first few months of the pandemic. The purpose of this mini-review is to assess the way COVID-19 has impacted populations already weakened by somatic diseases or mental disorders, and also triggered the emergence of other mental disorders. We extracted from PubMed database papers addressing in the paediatric population the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health (containment, stress, anxiety, depression), maltreatment, video games, neurodevelopment disorders (Attention-Deficit with Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Tourette syndrome). We considered 600 references and retained 140; very few studies were conducted in France. Themes such as the need to develop teleconsultation, sleep disorders, eating disorders and obesity have emerged. Overall, the level of evidence for these studies is low (observational, non-randomized, uncontrolled), but the results question all the more that the consequences on future generations are largely unknown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Angles: French Perspectives on the Anglophone World is the property of Societe des Anglicistes de l Enseignement Superieur and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Angles: French Perspectives on the Anglophone World is the property of Societe des Anglicistes de l Enseignement Superieur and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nous proposons une étude sur une session de jeu vidéo multi-joueurs sur le dispositif Kinect dans lequel le corps du joueur sert de contrôleur pour interagir avec le dispositif. Nous allons particulièrement nous focaliser sur le rôle central du corps des joueurs comme médium d’interaction homme-machine, dans le processus d’appropriation et de résistance du dispositif. L’analyse s’inscrit selon les principes de l'ethnométhodologie (Garfinkel 1967/2007), de l’analyse conversationnelle multimodale (Goodwin, 2000 ; Mondada, 2007, 2009 ; Nevile et al., 2014) et de la linguistique interactionnelle (Selting & Couper-Kuhlen, 2001 ; Mondada, 2008). Nous discuterons notamment le rôle et la place du geste en comparaison à l’expression corporelle en tant qu’unité linguistique de communication.

Introduction: Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) is associated with several psychiatric disorders. Previous research on IGD has predominantly focused on Massively Multiplayer Online Role-playing Games (MMORPGs), considered to be pro-social games as they foster interpersonal relationships necessary for in-game progress. Sociotropy is a personality trait characterized by a cognitive approach to dealing with interpersonal relationships. Individuals with high sociotropy have a strong desire for approval from others. Beck's cognitive theory of depression posits that high sociotropy can lead to depressive symptoms when faced with interpersonal stress. We used the I-PACE model to account for the consequences of distal factors such as sociotropy on the development and maintenance of IGD. The aim of this study was therefore to compare MMORPG players with players of other game genres in terms of sociotropy, social anxiety and depression. We hypothesized that sociotropy could serve as a predictor of IGD, particularly among MMORPG players., Methods: A total of 233 French videogame players recruited from specialized internet gaming forums participated in the study via questionnaires. Different scales were used to assess depression and social anxiety symptoms, IGD intensity, and sociotropy and autonomy., Results & Discussion: MMORPG players reported higher psychological distress than players of other game genres. For all players, sociotropy, rather than autonomy, was found to be a predictor of social anxiety symptoms and IGD intensity. Sociotropy and depression explained IGD intensity only for MMORPG players and not for players of other game genres. The social dimension appears to be more prominent among MMORPG players and could be one of the main personality traits predicting this specific internet gaming disorder. The treatment implications for internet gaming disorder are discussed., (Copyright © 2024 L'Encéphale, Paris. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Boys and young men more frequently live out aspects of their psychic and social alienation online. This paper explores some of the risks and dangers that can arise from retreats into the two-dimensional world of cyberspace. It focuses more specifically on videogaming called MOBA, multi-player online battle arena games, in which players point and shoot at others. A case example emphasizes the clinical problems emerging from violent fantasies that seek a false form of containment in cyberspace. Themes of destructive fantasizing are further amplified through images of apocalypse, which are often prevalent in combat arena videogames. Textual sources from the Book of Revelation offer possible understanding for various elements of destructiveness as it appears in vulnerable male psyches. Therapeutic contact that combines a relational, containing approach and a broadly spiritual and soulful perspective can provide a path to healing such violent splits within the psyches of boys and young men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to tackle the question of adapting literary works into video games, this article will propose a case study about the lunar diptych written by Jules Verne (From the Earth to the Moon and Around the moon) adapted as a video game created by Kheops Studio called Voyage: Inspired by Jules Verne. Focusing on the texts, the cutscenes, the level design and the gameplay, we will look at how the game developers grabbed the original material to transpose it but above all propose a rewrite of the novels, conserving Verne's spirit, where didacticism is still at the heart of the project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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L'objectif de ce travail était d'examiner la proposition d' internet gaming disorder (addiction aux jeux vidéo) du DSM-5, de rendre compte de la controverse immédiate survenue à la suite et d'examiner l'apport du diagnostic de gaming disorder de la CIM-11. Une analyse descriptive a été élaborée à partir des documents princeps du DSM-5 et des critiques faites pour inventorier les points faisant débat. Une analyse critique a été réalisée afin de répondre à ces points. Enfin, nous avons examiné l'apport du diagnostic de gaming disorder de la CIM-11. L'analyse critique propose des réponses aux points de débat soulevés concernant la définition, la pertinence clinique des critères diagnostiques, la prévalence, l'évolution et les comorbidités de l'addiction aux jeux vidéo du DSM-5. L'apport du gaming disorder de la CIM-11 a pu être examiné et les controverses entourant ce diagnostic ont été rapportées. Des réponses cohérentes ont été obtenues concernant la définition de l' internet gaming disorder. La prévalence, ses comorbidités et leur évolution restent débattues. Des différences de validité des critères diagnostiques sont retrouvées. Le craving semble être un critère potentiel. Il reste à définir si l'approche du gaming disorder reflètera mieux le trouble de l'usage des jeux vidéo. L'addiction aux jeux vidéo est de plus en plus reconnue. Les récentes recherches ont permis une avancée dans la compréhension de cette pathologie mentale. Des études complémentaires sont nécessaires pour répondre aux incohérences restantes. The objective of this work was to examine the proposal of the DSM-5 Internet Gaming Disorder diagnosis and to report on the immediate controversy that has arisen as a result and examine the contribution of the gaming disorder diagnosis proposed for the ICD-11. A descriptive analysis was developed based on the Internet Gaming Disorder chapter of the DSM-5, the descriptive related article and the comments published following this article to identify points discussed. A critical analysis was then carried out to examine whether it was possible to respond to these points. Finally, we examined the contribution of the gaming disorder diagnosis. The descriptive analysis presented the diagnosis of Internet Gaming Disorder, its criteria and comments. The critical analysis provided answers to the points of debate raised, and reports the various arguments in the literature regarding the definition of this disorder, its categorization as a behavioral addiction, the clinical relevance of its diagnostic criteria, its prevalence, its evolution and its comorbidities. The contribution of gaming disorder, to be published in ICD-11, could be examined and the controversies surrounding this diagnosis were reported. Consistent responses were obtained regarding the definition of Internet Gaming Disorder as a behavioral addiction. The inaccuracies about offline gaming and Internet addiction have been removed. The diagnostic threshold has been determined. However, the prevalence of the disorder, its co-morbidities, and its evolution remain debated. Significant differences in the validity of diagnostic criteria have been found, and craving appears to be a potential new criterion. The diagnosis of gaming disorder proposes a new method for evaluating this disorder. Nevertheless, it remains to be seen whether the application of this approach will better reflect the disorder of video game use than that proposed by the DSM-5. Behavioral addiction to video games most likely exists, and this diagnosis is increasingly recognized. Controversies and studies on this subject over the past five years have led to progress in the understanding of this disorder and a uniform theoretical approach. Answers have been provided to many points of the debate, but further studies are needed to address the remaining inconsistencies in current conceptualizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]