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Youth screen media activity is a growing concern, though few studies include objective usage data. Through the longitudinal, U.S.-based Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, youth (mage = 14; n = 1415) self-reported their typical smartphone use and passively recorded three weeks of smartphone use via the ABCD-specific Effortless Assessment Research System (EARS) application. Here we describe and validate passively-sensed smartphone keyboard and app use measures, provide code to harmonize measures across operating systems, and describe trends in adolescent smartphone use. Keyboard and app-use measures were reliable and positively correlated with one another (r = 0.33) and with self-reported use (rs = 0.21-0.35). Participants recorded a mean of 5 h of daily smartphone use, which is two more hours than they self-reported. Further, females logged more smartphone use than males. Smartphone use was recorded at all hours, peaking on average from 8 to 10 PM and lowest from 3 to 5 AM. Social media and texting apps comprised nearly half of all use. Data are openly available to approved investigators ( https://nda.nih.gov/abcd/ ). Information herein can inform use of the ABCD dataset to longitudinally study health and neurodevelopmental correlates of adolescent smartphone use.

This study investigates the effectiveness of Apple's privacy labels, introduced in iOS 14, in promoting transparency around app data collection practices with respect to the GDPR. Specifically, we address two key research questions: (1) What special categories of personal data, as regulated by the GDPR, are collected and used by apps, and for which purposes? (2) What disparities exist between app-stated permissions and the apparent unnecessary data gathering across various categories in the iOS App Store? By analyzing a comprehensive dataset of 541,662 iOS apps, we identify common practices related to prevalent use of sensitive and special categories of personal data, revealing widespread instances of unnecessary data collection, misuse, and potential GDPR violations. Furthermore, our analysis uncovers significant inconsistencies between the permissions stated by apps and the actual data they gather, highlighting a critical gap in user privacy protection within the iOS ecosystem. These findings underscore the need for stricter regulatory oversight of app stores and the necessity of effective privacy notices to build accountability and trust and ensure transparency. This study offers actionable insights for regulators, app developers, and users towards creating secure and transparent digital ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces ESMira, a server and mobile app (Android, iOS) developed for research projects using experience sampling method (ESM) designs. ESMira offers a very simple setup process and ease of use, while being free, decentralized, and open-source (source code is available on GitHub). The ongoing development of ESMira started in early 2019, with a focus on scientific requirements (e.g., informed consent, ethical considerations), data security (e.g., encryption), and data anonymity (e.g., completely anonymous data workflow). ESMira sets itself apart from other platforms by both being free of charge and providing study administrators with full control over study data without the need for specific technological skills (e.g., programming). This means that study administrators can have ESMira running on their own webspace without needing much technical knowledge, allowing them to remain independent from any third-party service. Furthermore, ESMira offers an extensive list of features (e.g., an anonymous built-in chat to contact participants; a reward system that allows participant incentivization without breaching anonymity; live graphical feedback for participants) and can deal with complex study designs (e.g., nested time-based sampling). In this paper, we illustrate the basic structure of ESMira, explain how to set up a new server and create studies, and introduce the platform's basic functionalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Youth screen media activity is a growing concern, though few studies include objective usage data. Through the longitudinal, U.S.-based Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, youth (mage = 14; n = 1415) self-reported their typical smartphone use and passively recorded three weeks of smartphone use via the ABCD-specific Effortless Assessment Research System (EARS) application. Here we describe and validate passively-sensed smartphone keyboard and app use measures, provide code to harmonize measures across operating systems, and describe trends in adolescent smartphone use. Keyboard and app-use measures were reliable and positively correlated with one another (r = 0.33) and with self-reported use (rs = 0.21–0.35). Participants recorded a mean of 5 h of daily smartphone use, which is two more hours than they self-reported. Further, females logged more smartphone use than males. Smartphone use was recorded at all hours, peaking on average from 8 to 10 PM and lowest from 3 to 5 AM. Social media and texting apps comprised nearly half of all use. Data are openly available to approved investigators ( https://nda.nih.gov/abcd/ ). Information herein can inform use of the ABCD dataset to longitudinally study health and neurodevelopmental correlates of adolescent smartphone use.

This study investigates how growth opportunity, investment opportunity set, and company size impact the valuation of digital banks that are publicly traded on the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2022. The sample selection method employed was full sampling, consisting of 13 companies as samples, and panel data regression analysis was utilized in this study with the assistance of E-views 12 software. According to the research findings, there are several discoveries. First, growth opportunities do not affect company value. Second, investment opportunity sets do affect company value. Third, the company size affects company value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silence shared between partners is a rich and understudied feature of romantic relationships. Within relationships, silence may be experienced in meaningfully different ways as a function of the motivations underlying it. These internally rich experiences may affect partners differently than silence that occurs spontaneously (i.e., without intentional initiation). In four studies, we tested the motives of silence and corresponding affect and relationship quality, operationalized through psychological need satisfactions and inclusion of other into self. Studies relied on complementary methods to explore the phenomenon of silence, namely cross-sectional, daily diary, and experimental designs. Findings across studies showed that intrinsically motivated silence was felt with more positive affect and less negative affect, and that relationships were closer and more need satisfying during intrinsically motivated moments of silence. Introjected and externally motivated silences, on the other hand, were often linked to more negative affect and lower relational outcomes. Spontaneous moments of silence were not consistently linked to affect or need satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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User-generated passwords often pose a security risk in authentication systems. However, providing a comparative substitute poses a challenge, given the common tradeoff between security and user experience. This paper integrates cryptographic methods (both asymmetric and symmetric), steganography, and a combination of physiological and behavioural biometrics to construct a prototype for a passwordless authentication system. We demonstrate the feasibility of scalable passwordless authentication while maintaining a balance between usability and security. We employ threat modeling techniques to pinpoint the security prerequisites for the system, along with choosing appropriate cryptographic protocols. In addition, a comparative analysis is conducted, examining the security impacts of the proposed system in contrast to that of traditional password-based systems. The results from the prototype indicate that authentication is possible within a timeframe similar to passwords (within 2 s), without imposing additional hardware costs on users to enhance security or compromising usability. Given the scalable nature of the system design and the elimination of shared secrets, the financial and efficiency burdens associated with password resets are alleviated. Furthermore, the risk of breaches is mitigated as there is no longer a need to store passwords and/or their hashes. Differing from prior research, our study presents a pragmatic design and prototype that deserves consideration as a viable alternative for both password-based and passwordless authentication systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The southwest coast of India experiences frequent Indian oil sardine (IOS) nearshore aggregation events, especially in the coastal waters off Kerala. These ephemeral dense IOS aggregation events are known as "Sardine Run". To investigate the reason and provide a scientific basis for these sporadic events, satellite/model-derived physical, meteorological, and biological parameters were analysed. Sea Surface Temperature during a majority of events was in the range of 26–29 °C, agreeing with the reported temperature conditions for IOS in the Arabian Sea. Additionally, a marginal lowering of SST as an effect of precipitation before most of the events might have attracted IOS towards the near-coastal waters in addition to the phytoplankton diet availability, resulting in the aggregation event. However, different scenarios also depicted coastal warming and probable hypoxic conditions in degrading IOS habitat and resulting in beach aggregation events. During most of the IOS aggregation events, the wind and surface current direction was alongshore/coastward, which complemented the propagation of live IOS shoals towards the beach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thanks to the MAC addresses, determinations can be made to the manufacturer of a device, up to which country it is sold to. MAC addresses of the devices can be determined with forensic software. However, despite the continuous development of operating systems, the progress of forensic software remains insufficient in terms of Mac operating system (macOS). The aim of this study is to analyze the MAC address records of the phones connected to a computer with macOS, to detect the problems which occured during the analysis and to offer solutions to these problems. In order to achieve this goal, this article suggests a methodology consisting of the preparation of the working environment, the collection of data, the analysis of the data and the evaluation of the results. In accordance with this methodology, a total of ten different applications were used by phones with iOS and ANDROID operating systems. Obtained results showed that the MAC address records falling to the operating system did not work correctly every time, the connection type affects the results, and there are multiple MAC address records for one phone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The multiple forced expiratory maneuvers that must be performed during methacholine test require a high degree of collaboration and can lead to fatigue. However, impulse oscillometry (IOS) is a noninvasive test, quick and easy to perform, that does not require effort-dependent maneuvers. Objectives: The primary endpoint was to evaluate the relationship between IOS and spirometry during the methacholine test. The secondary endpoint was to study the predictive value of baseline IOS in the development of bronchial hyperreactivity. Methods: Observational, prospective, cross-sectional study, with recruitment of consecutive patients from the pulmonology department with clinical suspicion of bronchial asthma with negative bronchodilator test and normal FeNO. Results: Twenty-five patients were included, with a mean age of 49 ± 18 years. Thirteen patients (52%) had a positive methacholine test. The correlation between IOS indices and FEV1 was significant (p < 0.05) in all cases. The indices with the highest predictive power were R5-20 and AX. The optimal cutoff points were an increase of greater than 32.96% in R5, greater than 120.83% for X5, an increase of 30.30 [kPa l-1s-1] in R5-20, and an increase of 1.01 [kPa l−1] for AX. Baseline oscillometry demonstrated a strong predictive value in the development of bronchial hyperreactivity, with a sensitivity of 61.5% and a specificity of 91.7%, using the cut-off point of 160.0% for R5. Conclusions: IOS may be a valuable alternative to forced spirometry in detecting bronchial hyperreactivity during the methacholine test, showing a good correlation between both tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to determine how comfortable people in Generation Z are with the operating systems on iOS and Android smart devices, and then compare those levels. Generation Z consists of those born between 1996 and 2010. They have been using technology since they were very young. This research was conducted because the operating systems of smart devices continue to improve, which has a significant impact on their usability. However, there is little research comparing iOS with Android, particularly among Generation Z. Generation Z is able to use smartphones to support a multitude of activities, whether in the use for learning, communicating, and being able to access digital-based content. Aside from the positive impacts of smartphones, Generation Z is also susceptible to the negative impacts of smartphone dependence, such as sleep disturbances and addiction (Rahma et al., 2024). The core themes of this research are usability and reliability. The basic concept that drives this research is usability, which refers to how easy and enjoyable it is for users to utilise the operating system on smart devices. This research uses an internet survey with questionnaires filled out by members of Generation Z, the purpose of this survey is to find out how comfortable Generation Z is in using iOS and Android. Furthermore, this study can help operating system developers to continuously improve the user experience of operating systems and prioritise the demands of an increasingly technologically sophisticated demographic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New results that employ Zr‐in‐rutile thermometry (ZiR) and quartz‐inclusion‐in‐garnet (QuiG) barometry constrain the P–T conditions of garnet formation in blueschists and eclogites from the island of Syros, Greece. QuiG barometry reveals that garnet from different regions across the island formed at pressures ranging from 1.1 to 1.8 GPa and ZiR thermometry on rutile inclusions in garnet constrains the minimum temperature of garnet formation to have been 475–550°C. Most importantly, there is no systematic difference in the conditions of garnet formation from different regions across the island and these results are nearly identical to those obtained from the islands of Sifnos and Ios, Greece. A model is proposed whereby the rocks from all three islands were initially metamorphosed along a relatively shallow geotherm of around 11°C/km to a depth of around 45 km and were then subjected to metamorphism along a geotherm of around 7–8°C/km, which could have been caused by either an increase in the dip of the subduction zone or an increase in the rate of subduction. Garnet formed along this steeper geotherm was accompanied by the release of significant H2O from the breakdown of chlorite over a duration of 1 Ma or less based on thermal and diffusion modeling. It is concluded that rocks from Syros, Sifnos and Ios all followed a similar, roughly counter‐clockwise prograde P–T path and that the present outcrop configuration is largely due to a complex exhumation history. Plain Language Summary: The metamorphism of rocks in subduction zones releases large quantities of H2O, which ultimately helps flux melting in the overlying mantle leading to explosive island arc volcanism and provides a trigger for large earthquakes. One of the dominant processes that produce large amounts of H2O is the formation of the mineral garnet. Here, we present results that constrain the pressure and temperature conditions for the formation of garnet from three islands in the Greek Cyclades: Syros, Sifnos, and Ios. Our results indicate that garnet formed in different rocks on all three islands in a similar subduction channel along a trajectory where the pressure increase was relatively rapid and the temperature remained nearly constant. The duration of garnet formation in the entire suite of samples is estimated to have occurred in 1 million years or less, during which time significant quantities of fluid are inferred to have been released and which most likely had a major impact on volcanism and seismicity in the region while subduction was active. Key Points: Blueschist and eclogite assemblages do not necessarily reflect equilibrium crystallizationExhumation following garnet growth must occur within 1 Ma to preserve compositional zoningThe prograde subduction P–T path in the Cyclades is concave upward with initial shallow subduction followed by near isothermal loading [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile smartphone operating systems have garnered widespread popularity due to their open-source nature and high performance. However, the convenience of these systems has also led to a rise in malware distribution. Traditional signature-based detection methods often fail to identify unknown threats, prompting the need for more effective solutions. In this study, we propose an advanced machine learning-based model for detecting malware on smartphones. Our model leverages dynamic and static analysis techniques to select and infer features, followed by a novel feature extraction method using sampling and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce dimensionality without adversely impacting the accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in significantly enhancing malware detection accuracy and efficiency on smartphone operating systems. By analyzing the dynamic behavior of applications and incorporating innovative detection methods, our research contributes to a more robust and proactive approach to smartphone security. Through rigorous evaluation using real-world and synthetic datasets, we validate the efficacy of our model in accurately identifying malware instances and guiding users towards safe application downloads. Overall, our study provides a promising avenue for mitigating the escalating threat of malware on mobile devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Study objectives are to detect small airways disease in asthma and to study T2 inflammatory markers (eosinophil count, IgE, phenotyping) in association with small airways disease. Methods and patients The retrospective study at OPC at Al Qassimi Hospital of EHS included 83 patients with confirmed asthma diagnosis. Based on their ACT scores, patients were divided into two groups. An assessment of demographic data, blood eosinophils, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, IgE, PFE25-75, FEV1%, R5-20, X5 and AX was carried out. Analyzing and collecting data. Results In this study, a significant correlation was found between the R5-20, X5, and AX values of the small airway and the asthma control test. Uncontrolled asthmatics had a higher fractional exhaled nitric oxide level and blood eosinophilic count. Conclusion In asthma management, small airways clinical impact should be investigated actively. Impulse oscillometry is an excellent marker for asthma control.

Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi telah mengalami kemajuan yang pesat hingga mengubah perilaku dan budaya masyarakat dalam mendapatkan pelayanan dan bersosialisasi termasuk juga bagi kemajuan dunia pendidikan. Aplikasi “Platform Sekolah Pintar” hadir membantu institusi untuk bertransformasi digital sehingga menjadi organisasi yang efisien, efektif, inovatif dan akseleratif. Permasalahan klasik di sekolah atau pondok pesantren adalah uang saku siswa yang belum bisa dikelola dengan baik, seringnya kasus kehilangan uang, kesenjangan sosial, penggunaan uang cash yang tidak terkontrol atau sering disalahgunakan, Serta resiko penularan virus melalui transaksi uang cash disaat pandemik. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, maka kami melaksanakan kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat berupa “Sosialisasi Program Kartu Jajan di MTSN 2 Kota Kediri sebagai Bentuk Layanan Digitalisasi Sekolah.” Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menggunakan model pengembangan instruksional, seperti observasi langsung; pelatihan serta monitoring dan evaluasi. Adapun instrumen yang digunakan meliputi: Presentasi, wawancara, dokumentasi serta forum diskusi kelompok. Luaran yang dicapai adalah memberikan tambahan wawasan dan Penerapan Kartu Jajan Digital berbasis mobile sebagai Media Digitalisasi Sekolah sehingga dapat menguatkan reputasi Sekolah dalam implementasi Smart School berbasis teknologi di era teknologi digital.

This study investigates the effectiveness of Apple’s privacy labels, introduced in iOS 14, in promoting transparency around app data collection practices with respect to the GDPR. Specifically, we address two key research questions: (1) What special categories of personal data, as regulated by the GDPR, are collected and used by apps, and for which purposes? (2) What disparities exist between app-stated permissions and the apparent unnecessary data gathering across various categories in the iOS App Store? By analyzing a comprehensive dataset of 541,662 iOS apps, we identify common practices related to prevalent use of sensitive and special categories of personal data, revealing widespread instances of unnecessary data collection, misuse, and potential GDPR violations. Furthermore, our analysis uncovers significant inconsistencies between the permissions stated by apps and the actual data they gather, highlighting a critical gap in user privacy protection within the iOS ecosystem. These findings underscore the need for stricter regulatory oversight of app stores and the necessity of effective privacy notices to build accountability and trust and ensure transparency. This study offers actionable insights for regulators, app developers, and users towards creating secure and transparent digital ecosystems.

Objective Study objectives are to detect small airways disease in asthma and to study T2 inflammatory markers (eosinophil count, IgE, phenotyping) in association with small airways disease. Methods and patients The retrospective study at OPC at Al Qassimi Hospital of EHS included 83 patients with confirmed asthma diagnosis. Based on their ACT scores, patients were divided into two groups. An assessment of demographic data, blood eosinophils, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, IgE, PFE25-75, FEV1%, R5-20, X5 and AX was carried out. Analyzing and collecting data. Results In this study, a significant correlation was found between the R5-20, X5, and AX values of the small airway and the asthma control test. Uncontrolled asthmatics had a higher fractional exhaled nitric oxide level and blood eosinophilic count. Conclusion In asthma management, small airways clinical impact should be investigated actively. Impulse oscillometry is an excellent marker for asthma control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When forming a relationship, people can to some extent include their partner's resources, perspectives and identities in their own identity (i.e., inclusion of the other in the self, or IOS). In this study, which was conducted with 169 couples, we examine the association of three sources of IOS: (a) the IOS of one member of the relationship; (b) the IOS of their partner; and (c) the similarity of both partners' IOS with indicators of relational quality (partner conflicts, satisfaction with the relationship and sexual satisfaction) and quality of life (life satisfaction and stress). Using a multilevel approach, the results showed that higher IOS was related to higher levels of relational quality in the person and their partner, and with higher levels of quality of life in the person but not in their partner. Likewise, couples showed a strong similarity in IOS, which was indicative of higher relational quality and quality of life. These results underscore the importance of analysing the (inter)personal mechanisms and their consequences at different levels (i.e., individual and couple). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Powered by the rising popularity of deep learning techniques on smartphones, on-device deep learning models are being used in vital fields such as finance, social media, and driving assistance. Because of the transparency of the Android platform and the on-device models inside, on-device models on Android smartphones have been proven to be extremely vulnerable. However, due to the challenge in accessing and analyzing iOS app files, despite iOS being a mobile platform as popular as Android, there are no relevant works on on-device models in iOS apps. Since the functionalities of the same app on Android and iOS platforms are similar, the same vulnerabilities may exist on both platforms. In this article, we present the first empirical study about on-device models in iOS apps, including their adoption of deep learning frameworks, structure, functionality, and potential security issues. We study why current developers use different on-device models for one app between iOS and Android. We propose a more general attack against white-box models that does not rely on pre-trained models and a new adversarial attack approach based on our findings to target iOS's gray-box on-device models. Our results show the effectiveness of our approaches. Finally, we successfully exploit the vulnerabilities of on-device models to attack real-world iOS apps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To describe and discuss the benefits and drawbacks of various dental caries diagnostic techniques, including the use of intraoral scanners for caries diagnosis based on near‐infrared imaging (NIR) technology. Material and Methods: A MEDLINE search from 1980–2023 focused on dental caries diagnostic techniques, emphasizing intraoral scanners using NIR technology. Alternative caries detection methods were also evaluated for their advantages and limitations, enabling a comparison with NIR. The review included traditional caries tools, the latest detection methods, and NIR's role in intraoral scanners, drawing from case reports and both in vivo and in vitro studies. Keywords like "caries detection," "intraoral scanners," and "Near Infrared Imaging (NIRI)" guided the search. After screening titles and abstracts for relevance, full texts with valuable insights were thoroughly analyzed. The data was grouped into three: traditional diagnostics, advanced digital methods, and intraoral scanner‐based detection. Results: This comprehensive narrative review described and discussed the current state of dental caries diagnostic methods, given the insufficient number of clinical investigations suitable for a systematic review. Traditional caries diagnosis techniques have shown variable accuracy dependent on a dentist's experience and the potential over‐removal of healthy tooth structures. Intraoral scanners have emerged as a novel caries detection method, because of their integration of NIR technology. Various studies have confirmed the efficacy of NIR in detecting interproximal caries and in the early diagnosis of non‐cavitated caries. Specifically, intraoral scanners have demonstrated promising results, proving comparable to established diagnostic methods like bitewing radiography. Nevertheless, while the integration of NIR into intraoral scanners seems promising, the technology still faces challenges, notably its accuracy in detecting secondary and subgingival cavities. However, with anticipated integrations of AI, NIR in intraoral scanners could revolutionize early caries detection. Conclusions: Intraoral scanners with NIR technology offer non‐destructive imaging, real‐time lesion visuals, and enhanced patient communication. Although comparable to bitewing radiography in some studies, a universally accepted diagnostic tool is lacking. Future research should compare them with existing methods, focusing on clinical outcomes, cost‐effectiveness, and patient acceptance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global populist backlash is considered threatening to the multilateral order, but its impact on individual attitudes toward international organizations, like the International Monetary Fund (IMF), is understudied. We bridge insights from research on the IMF and populism to develop a theoretical framework centered on three propositions. We argue that populist individuals should be more prone to blame the IMF for economic problems than non-populists, but that this effect is highly conditional on sovereignty intrusion, escalating when an IMF program exists and as the program becomes more onerous. In contrast, IMF scapegoating by populist politicians should be largely ineffective. Analyzing survey data from across the European Union and an original survey experiment in Greece, we find support for each contention. The paper advances understanding of the partisan politics of the IMF and shows that the implications of the populist wave for international order are more complex than often assumed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The two mobile operating systems Android and i(Pad)OS have dominated the smartphone and tablet market for years and app providers have to offer their apps for both systems in most cases in order to be competitive or to be able to reach the majority of potential customers. In native app development, separate applications have to be written and maintained for each platform. Often, apps are developed for one platform first and the second app is developed at a later stage, after some feedback could be collected. This porting from one system to the other can be either (partially) automated or manual, but in any case, it has its challenges. Both systems were designed with different approaches and differ greatly in some parts from each other – not only visually, but also in terms of the underlying structure. To illustrate the porting process, the Android app “Schoolstart Screening App”, which was developed for the Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research of Austria by Graz University of Technology at the OU Educational Technology, was ported so that it can be used also on iPads. Automated approaches were discussed and the chosen process is explained to get a good overview of the topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract New results that employ Zr‐in‐rutile thermometry (ZiR) and quartz‐inclusion‐in‐garnet (QuiG) barometry constrain the P–T conditions of garnet formation in blueschists and eclogites from the island of Syros, Greece. QuiG barometry reveals that garnet from different regions across the island formed at pressures ranging from 1.1 to 1.8 GPa and ZiR thermometry on rutile inclusions in garnet constrains the minimum temperature of garnet formation to have been 475–550°C. Most importantly, there is no systematic difference in the conditions of garnet formation from different regions across the island and these results are nearly identical to those obtained from the islands of Sifnos and Ios, Greece. A model is proposed whereby the rocks from all three islands were initially metamorphosed along a relatively shallow geotherm of around 11°C/km to a depth of around 45 km and were then subjected to metamorphism along a geotherm of around 7–8°C/km, which could have been caused by either an increase in the dip of the subduction zone or an increase in the rate of subduction. Garnet formed along this steeper geotherm was accompanied by the release of significant H2O from the breakdown of chlorite over a duration of 1 Ma or less based on thermal and diffusion modeling. It is concluded that rocks from Syros, Sifnos and Ios all followed a similar, roughly counter‐clockwise prograde P–T path and that the present outcrop configuration is largely due to a complex exhumation history.

Ensuring robust security in the Internet of Things (IoT) landscape is of paramount importance. This research article presents a novel approach to enhance IoT security by leveraging collaborative threat intelligence and integrating blockchain technology with machine learning (ML) models. The iOS application acts as a central control centre, facilitating the reporting and sharing of detected threats. The shared threat data is securely stored on a blockchain network, enabling ML models to access and learn from a diverse range of threat scenarios. The research focuses on implementing Random Forest, Decision Tree classifier, Ensemble, LSTM, and CNN models on the IoT23 dataset within the context of a Collaborative Threat Intelligence Framework for IoT Security. Through an iterative process, the models’ accuracy is improved by reducing false negatives through the collaborative threat intelligence system. The article investigates the implementation details, privacy considerations, and the seamless integration of ML-based techniques for continuous model improvement. Experimental evaluations on the IoT23 dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system in enhancing IoT security and mitigating potential threats. The research contributes to the advancement of collaborative threat intelligence and blockchain technology in the context of IoT security, paving the way for more secure and reliable IoT deployments.

A necessidade das empresas de entregar aplicativos, modernos, rápidos e funcionais é cada vez mais latente no mercado de tecnologia, devido ao grande público que possui dispositivos móveis. O processo de desenvolvimento passou por mudanças significativas devido a questões relacionadas ao desenvolvimento tecnológico e a grande adoção da tecnologia no cotidiano das pessoas ao redor do mundo. Como resultado desses avanços, surgiram questões importantes para aumentar a produtividade das equipes e melhorar a manutenibilidade dos sistemas tais como o controle do espaço que os aplicativos ocupam nos dispositivos dos usuários, arquitetura de aplicações para dispositivos móveis, injeção de dependência dentre outros temas importantes para a plataforma. Este artigo visou uma pesquisa bibliográfica a fim de citar desafios comuns para estabelecer a constituição de aplicativos modulares, habilitando a modernização, manutenibilidade e entregas rápidas e consistentes para empresas que necessitam de um aplicativo escalável, foi listado pontos chaves para produzir aplicativos com ênfase no sistema operacional iOS. Contribuindo para a comunidade de tecnologia sobre esse assunto, no qual há pouca literatura sobre arquitetura de aplicativos.

MobiScout is an iOS application designed to monitor users' driving habits and physiological conditions on the road. This app offers a cost-effective, next-generation solution for data collection and analysis in naturalistic driving studies. MobiScout captures real-time data, encompassing physiological information, using sensors on mobile phones, smartwatches, and Bluetooth-enabled OBD equipment. The software records data such as speed, braking, pulse rate, and acceleration, while the phone's camera captures both the interior and exterior views of the car. Data can either be streamed to cloud storage in real-time or stored locally in areas without WIFI. The acquired data serves to enhance our understanding of typical traffic behavior, driver performance, and surrounding conditions.

High‐pressure rocks from the island of Ios in the Greek Cyclades were examined to resolve the P–T conditions reached during subduction of the two distinct lithotectonic units that are separated by the South Cycladic Shear Zone (SCSZ)—the footwall complex composed of Hercynian basement gneisses, schists and amphibolites, and the hangingwall complex composed of blueschists and eclogites. A combination of elastic tensor quartz inclusion in garnet (QuiG) barometry and Zr‐in‐rutile (ZiR) trace element thermometry was used to constrain minimum garnet growth conditions. Garnet from the hangingwall (blueschist) unit record formation pressures that range from 1.5 to 1.9 GPa and garnet from the footwall basement complex record garnet formation pressures of 1.65–2.05 GPa. ZiR thermometry on rutile inclusions within garnet establishes the minimum temperature for garnet formation to be ~480–500°C. That is, there is no evidence in the QuiG and ZiR results that the rocks of the blueschist hangingwall and basement experienced different metamorphic histories during subduction. This is the first reported observation of blueschist facies metamorphism in the Hercynian basement complex. A model is proposed in which initial subduction occurred along a relatively shallow P–T trajectory of ~11°C/km and then transitioned to a steeper, nearly isothermal trajectory at a depth of ~45 km reaching similar peak metamorphic conditions of ~500–525°C at 2.0 GPa for all samples. Such a change in the subduction path could be accomplished by either an increase in the rate of subduction or an increase in the angle of the subduction zone. The present juxtaposition of samples with contrasting mineral assemblages and garnet growth histories is interpreted to have arisen from differences in bulk compositions and variations in the preservation of high‐pressure prograde mineral assemblages during exhumation. The existence of similar P–T conditions and prograde paths in the two units does not require that the rocks were all metamorphosed at the same time and that the SCSZ experienced little movement. Rather, it is suggested that the two units experienced prograde and peak metamorphism at different times and were subsequently juxtaposed along the SCSZ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's technologically advanced era, the ubiquitous use of smart mobile devices has become a significant aspect of daily life, thereby presenting a valuable opportunity for investigative purposes. These devices, when equipped with the right tools and subjected to thorough inspection methodologies, can yield a treasure trove of concealed information, which can be crucial in various investigative scenarios. Among these devices, the Apple iPhone stands out due to its widespread popularity and adoption across a diverse global user base. Its advanced features and user-friendly characteristics have made it a preferred choice for a wide array of individuals, ranging from students and teachers to business professionals and individuals from various other fields. This widespread usage underscores the importance of understanding the nuances of iPhone data in investigative contexts. This article delves into the intricate concept of identifying a potentially dangerous person by leveraging the data available on these smart devices. It meticulously discusses the importance of context in categorizing an individual as potentially dangerous and sheds light on the various factors that play a pivotal role in this classification process. To aid in this endeavor, the article introduces a comprehensive diagram that outlines the step-by-step procedure for assessing the potential danger posed by an individual. Furthermore, the article explores the fundamental techniques of mobile device forensics, particularly focusing on devices operating on the iOS platform. It presents the findings from practical research, offering insights into the type of data that can be extracted during a forensic investigation of these devices. A novel approach is proposed for classifying individuals as potentially dangerous based on the analysis of Bluetooth data obtained from their mobile devices. This method is elucidated through the presentation of pseudocode, which details the algorithmic steps involved in this classification process. To enhance the effectiveness of this method, the article suggests incorporating additional data sources. These include information pertaining to saved Wi-Fi networks that the device has connected to and GPS coordinates that have been logged during the operation of various system applications inherent to the iOS operating system. Finally, the article emphasizes the critical need for the practical implementation and rigorous testing of this proposed method. It underscores the importance of validating and refining the approach to ensure its effectiveness and reliability in identifying potentially dangerous individuals through the forensic analysis of mobile device data. This comprehensive approach not only broadens the scope of mobile device forensics but also contributes significantly to the field of security and investigative research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectivesTo develop a smartphone application providing sound therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for treating tinnitus and performing a proof-of-concept pilot study evaluating its potential efficacy.MethodsAn interactive smartphone application available on iOS and Android platforms was developed, which provided an 8-week tinnitus-specific CBT and personalized and frequency-matched sound therapy. Included patients presented to our tertiary clinic between 2017 and 2018, while those waitlisted were regarded as controls. Three surveys were administrated: Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS).ResultsA total of 30 patients enrolled in this study consisting of 20 treatment and 10 control patients and mean age was 55.4 ± 11.6 years. Treatment and control patients had similar age, sex, and pre-enrolment GAD and PSS (all P > .05). Baseline THI scores were also similar between treatment and control cohorts (50.1 ± 21.9 vs 62.0 ± 20.7; P = .15). After 8 weeks, though changes in GAD and PSS scores were similar (P > .05), the treatment group reported a significantly greater improvement in THI scores (17.7 ± 15.8 vs 5.3 ± 10.5, P = .04).ConclusionsThis pilot study demonstrated potentially promising efficacy of a smartphone-based CBT and sound therapy platform for treating tinnitus and encourages future randomized controlled trials on this treatment modality.

The emergence of the Internet of Things technologies and the increase and convenience of smart home devices have contributed to the growth of self-installed home security systems. While home security devices have become more accessible and can help users monitor and secure their homes, they can also become targets of cyberattacks and/or witnesses of criminal activities, hence sources of forensic evidence. To date, there is little existing literature on forensic analysis and the security and privacy of home security systems. In this paper, we seek to better understand and assess the forensic artifacts that can be extracted, the security and privacy concerns around the use of home security devices, and the challenges forensic investigators might encounter, by performing a comprehensive investigation of the SimpliSafe security system. We investigated the interaction of the security system with the SimpliSafe companion app on both Android and iOS devices. We analyzed the network traffic as the user interacts with the system to identify any security or privacy concerns. Our method can help investigators working on other home security systems, and our findings can further help developers to improve the confidentiality and privacy of user data in home security devices and their applications.

This study investigates the impact of a Company's Growth Potential on Firm Value, with a specific focus on empirical testing and analyzing the relationship between the variables. The research was carried out at the Indonesia Stock Exchange, concentrating on banking companies as the primary objects of observation. The observation period spanned from 2015 to 2021. In this study, the population consisted of 46 companies, and a sample of 10 companies was selected for detailed examination. The researchers aimed to measure the influence of the Company's Growth Potential, serving as a proxy for the Investment Opportunity Set (IOS), on the firm value of these selected entities. The results of the analysis revealed a significant and positive impact of the Company's Growth Potential on the firm value of the observed banking companies. This finding suggests that higher growth potential positively correlates with increased firm value, indicating that companies with promising investment opportunities tend to have higher market valuations. These findings contribute to the existing literature on corporate finance and provide valuable insights for investors, financial analysts, and decision-makers in the banking sector. The study underscores the importance of considering growth potential as a key indicator when evaluating the firm's value and investment opportunities within the dynamic landscape of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Further research could expand on these findings and explore other factors influencing firm value in different industries or regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes the Comfortdenture system, which allows for the fast and precise production of full dentures. The workflow has been optimized to provide patients with a well-fitting and aesthetically pleasing prosthesis in just two sessions. There is the option to work either with a special key set or based on existing dentures. Dental practices with an intraoral scanner can also digitally capture the prosthesis and transmit the data to the laboratory. The Comfortdenture system enables a quick and comfortable provision of high-quality prostheses to patients. [Extracted from the article]

The emergence of the Internet of Things technologies and the increase and convenience of smart home devices have contributed to the growth of self-installed home security systems. While home security devices have become more accessible and can help users monitor and secure their homes, they can also become targets of cyberattacks and/or witnesses of criminal activities, hence sources of forensic evidence. To date, there is little existing literature on forensic analysis and the security and privacy of home security systems. In this paper, we seek to better understand and assess the forensic artifacts that can be extracted, the security and privacy concerns around the use of home security devices, and the challenges forensic investigators might encounter, by performing a comprehensive investigation of the SimpliSafe security system. We investigated the interaction of the security system with the SimpliSafe companion app on both Android and iOS devices. We analyzed the network traffic as the user interacts with the system to identify any security or privacy concerns. Our method can help investigators working on other home security systems, and our findings can further help developers to improve the confidentiality and privacy of user data in home security devices and their applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recientemente se ha publicado un nuevo producto cartográfico en formato vectorial destinado para su descarga directa y uso sin conexión desde las aplicaciones Mapas de España y Mapas de España Básico del Centro Nacional de Información Geográfica a partir de las fuentes de creación del Mapa Topográfico Nacional y del Modelo Digital del Terreno 1:25.000 (MDT25) del Instituto Geográfico Nacional. El producto está compuesto por un archivo de sombreado en formato ráster, un archivo de datos en formato vector y archivos comprimidos que incluyen toda la simbología del producto. Para ello, se han utilizado diferentes softwares como GDAL, Adobe Illustrator o Mapbox. Partiendo del objetivo inicial de que el producto ocupara menos de 2 Gigabytes, se ha hecho un estudio pormenorizado de la información disponible para representar cada una de las capas del producto en su nivel mínimo de representación, para que ocuparan lo menos posible. En cuanto a la simbolización, se ha creado un estilo compuesto de fuentes tipográficas de libre uso y de archivos de simbolización (denominados sprites) de tipo puntual, lineal y superficial interpretando la simbología del Mapa Topográfico Nacional. Finalmente se ha hecho una conversión y compresión de todos estos recursos en cada uno de los niveles de representación para crear el producto final. Recently a new cartographic product in vector format was published for its direct download and off-line use from National Centre of Geographic Information mobile applications Mapas de España and Mapas de España Básico as of National Geographic Institute National Topographic Map and Terrain Digital Model (1:25.000). The product consists of a hillshade file in raster format, a data file in vector format and zipped files which include all the symbolization. For that purpose, different software are used like GDAL, Adobe Illustrator or Mapbox. Based on the product initial objective to take up less than 2 gigabytes of storage, a detailed study of available information was done to represent each feature in its minimum level of representation, to take up less as possible. In terms of symbolization, a style was done consist of free use typographic fonts and point, line and polygon symbolization files (called sprites) interpreting National Topographic Map symbology. Finally, all features were transformated and compressed in each level of representation to create the final product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Few studies have evaluated the marginal fit of computer-aided design—computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) monolithic zirconia crowns fabricated through completely digital workflow; however, the internal fit of these restorations is not well known. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the marginal and internal fit of monolithic zirconia crowns fabricated by using digital workflow, including intraoral scanner (IOS) scans, and compare the results to those of a semi-digital workflow, which combined conventional impressions, poured casts, and extraoral scanner (EOS) scanning. Materials and methods: A typodont right mandibular first molar was prepared for a complete-coverage ceramic crown and scanned using an IOS. The conventional impressions of the preparation were also made, and stone casts were poured and scanned by using an EOS. Virtual models were generated for both workflows, and identical virtual anatomic contour crowns were designed using CAD software. Monolithic zirconia crowns were fabricated for both IOS (ZI; n = 10) and EOS (ZE; n = 10) groups. The silicon replica technique was used to evaluate the marginal and internal fit of the crowns. Measurements were made at 13 points on buccolingual and mesiodistal cross-sections per specimen with a ×6.5 to ×50 zoom stereo microscope. The results from both groups were statistically compared using the Independent Samples t-tests and the Mann–Whitney U test (α = 0.05). Results: Mean gap values at all measurement locations for ZE were significantly higher than those for ZI (p ≤ 0.002). Overall mean values ranged between 29 and 43 µm (median: 28–42 µm) for ZI and 42 and 75 µm (median: 43–77 µm) for ZE. Conclusion: Completely digital workflow through intraoral scans provided significantly better marginal and internal fit for CAD-CAM monolithic zirconia crowns compared with the semi-digital workflow, where stone casts obtained from conventional impressions were scanned with an EOS. Yet, both workflows provided an acceptable marginal and internal fit for CAD-CAM monolithic zirconia molar crowns (