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Copyright of Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology is the property of Editorial of the University of Almeria (Spain) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The implementation of ludic approaches in the teaching of mathematics has generated a growing interest due to its potential to improve learning and academic performance in this discipline. The objective of this study was to design a system of ludic tasks for the development of mathematical problem-solving skills in sixth grade elementary school students. The sample consisted of 43 sixthgrade students of the Luis Alfredo Noboa Icaza Educational Unit during the 2023-2024 school year, divided into an experimental group (n=22) and a control group (n=21). A combination of classroom observation, pre-and post-tests, validation by expert criteria and statistical analysis was used, including the Mann-Whitney U test. The results revealed that the experimental group experienced significant improvements compared to the control group in terms of cognitive, procedural, and attitudinal skills related to mathematical problem-solving. The implementation of playful activities such as the "Math Treasure Hunt" and the "Math Problem Challenge" fostered a stimulating educational environment that promoted active participation, collaboration among students, and the practical application of mathematical concepts. These findings suggest that the integration of playful tasks in the curriculum can be an effective strategy to improve mathematics learning at the elementary school level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Com a afirmação da Educação Matemática como área de investigação e, mais recentemente, com a emergência da Educação Matemática Inclusiva, as pesquisas sobre a superdotação matemática suscitam discussões sobre a sua definição. Ainda que diferentes autores se refiram à teoria de Krutetskii como a mais completa tentativa de explicação do fenômeno, sua obra é frequentemente citada pelo fato de ser considerada pioneira, mas, raramente, destacam as potencialidades de análise que sua concepção de superdotação matemática apresenta. Este artigo é um estudo teórico, bibliográfico e tem como objetivo discutir a relevância da teoria krutetskiiana para os estudos sobre a superdotação matemática na atualidade. Foi possível identificar convergência com teorias de superdotação contemporâneas e que, do ponto de vista da pesquisa científica, a teoria krutetskiiana nos apresenta ricos elementos que podem nos ajudar a refletir sobre os aspectos teórico-metodológicos de nossas investigações.

The objective of this article is to evaluate an application built using Classcraft for learning integration techniques and determine its effectiveness in terms of learning and participant motivation. The evaluation of the application contributes to understanding the potential of game-based apps as effective teaching tools. The methodology used in the evaluation consisted of administering a survey to the participants to gather information about their experience with the application. The survey consisted of qualitative questions, where the evaluated aspects included the perception of the design of the application, its formative nature, as well as open-ended questions that allowed students to express positive aspects and areas for improvement. The results of this work indicate that the application was well-received by the participants, most participants reporting a positive evaluation, reduced stress, clarity in the exercise development, acquisition of new knowledge, motivation, and skill development. In conclusion, the evaluation results support the participants' positive perception of the integration topic and demonstrate the potential of game-based apps as effective teaching tools. These findings suggest that gamification is a promising strategy to improve assessment, learning, and motivation in the context of teaching integration techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Educación XX1 is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Voces y Silencios is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Miradas is the property of Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research describes the teachers' conceptions about the competences in mathematics as regulators in the quality of education in the different Educational Institutions in Caquetá. That is why the purpose of this document is the characterization of the conceptions of math competences in teachers from the municipality of Florencia focused on the curricular contents, didactic and learning assessment to identify if there are significant differences between the emerging categories in relation to their function, capacity and performance of their applicability by the teachers. Due to the mixed nature of the inquiry, a scope is chosen where teacher's situations, customs and attitudes are described in face of the dependent and independent variables of the sample. The data was collected through the implementation of structured surveys to 73 mathematics teachers which were analyzed by the ANOVA variance index from the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program; finding multifactoriality in the conceptions when identifying and describing 16 emerging categories related to mathematical thinking, classroom work and content assessment instruments, resulting in the Significant Sociocultural Learning the most prevalence. Due to the above, the research is a strategic description for the reality of teaching knowledge about the implementation of educational components (competencies) described by the Ministry of National Education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sixth students of the José Consuegra Higgins District Educational Institution (Barranquilla, Colombia) present low academic performance in the mathematical skills of Interpretation and representation. In this context, a didactic strategy is supported by the creation of digital educational resources in eXelearning. From a quantitative approach, descriptive scope, and type of quasi-experimental design with four groups of students; The methodology was approached from the diagnostic, design, implementation, and evaluation phases. The results of the pretest and posttest data of the parametric Student's t-test for related groups, applied to the control group, yielded a sig. Bilateral = 0.775 > 0.05 indicating that there is no statistically significant difference between the pretest and posttest of the control group; On the other hand, the Wilcoxon non-parametric test for related groups applied to the experimental group yielded a two-sided sig.=0.00 < 0.05, in this sense there is a statistically significant difference between the pretest and posttest of the experimental group. Consequently, it is concluded that the pedagogical intervention achieved an improvement in the development of the mathematical skills of Interpretation and representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Educación is the property of Universidad Pedaggica Nacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este artículo presenta una revisión de la literatura sobre estudios en educación que profundizan en el reconocimiento de estrategias de enseñanza y aprendizaje de conceptos de matemáticas en estudiantes diagnosticados dentro del trastorno del espectro autista. Esta investigación de corte cualitativo realiza un metaanálisis de artículos, comunicaciones en eventos científicos, capítulos de libros, libros y tesis, que contienen entre sus resultados estrategias de trabajo, metodologías y referenciales teóricos que contribuyen al planteamiento de propuestas de enseñanza. En particular, esta revisión constituye una línea base para la formación de profesores de matemáticas que acompañan estudiantes con estas características. En especial, entre los principales resultados encontrados se vislumbran investigaciones que provienen de diferentes paradigmas investigativos, y pretenden una inclusión como proceso de integración en un entorno escolar o el aprendizaje instrumental de las matemáticas. Por último, esta revisión muestra algunas experiencias que contribuyen para la formación de profesores de matemática que pretendan la atención a la diversidad.

Copyright of Revista Complutense de Educación is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La presente investigación educativa tiene por objetivo diseñar una propuesta de secuencia didáctica identificando los elementos teóricos, metodológicos y herramientas para el uso del ábaco Nepohualtzintzin en las operaciones aritméticas, cuyo fin es desarrollar habilidades con un aprendizaje significativo. El enfoque es cualitativo, usando la observación y cuestionarios. La investigación se realizó en tres etapas: documental, indagación y análisis. Los resultados obtenidos en el estudio de caso en su etapa inicial (cuestionario diagnóstico de conocimientos aritméticos) señalan que el 92% de los estudiantes tiene un rezago en la enseñanza del aprendizaje memorístico por descubrimiento autónomo y no llegan a un aprendizaje-significativo (aprendizaje a largo plazo). La revisión y el análisis de la propuesta institucional que ofrece la UNAM para la enseñanza de Matemáticas en la Escuela Nacional Preparatoria (ENP) proporcionaron evidencias de la saturación de contenidos y no de la comprensión que se otorga en el nivel medio-superior a la enseñanza de conceptos y al razonamiento matemático (Rivera, 2012a), de modo que solo se logra en la enseñanza un aprendizaje memorísticoreceptivo.

La resolución de problemas es el centro potencial de las matemáticas, su capacidad de desarrollar el pensamiento y el razonamiento analítico en los seres humanos. El propósito de este estudio es analizar los efectos de la implementación del método de Polya en la resolución de problemas matemáticos, en estudiantes de primero de secundaria pertenecientes a un Centro Educativo particular en Lima, Perú. La metodología utilizada es de tipo cuantitativo, el método hipotético deductivo y de diseño cuasi experimental. Se tomó como muestra a 60 estudiantes pertenecientes a primero de secundaria de un colegio privado en Lima; para la recolección de datos se aplicó una encuesta y como instrumento se utilizaron dos pruebas de conocimiento, "pre-test" antes de la aplicación del método Polya, y “post-test”. Los resultados muestran la existencia de diferencias estadísticas significativas en las pruebas de “pre-test” y “post-test”, lo cual se obtuvo gracias a la aplicación del estadígrafo, las diferencias fueron de efecto pequeño en los estudiantes del grupo experimental comparándolos con los efectos que debería causar, de acuerdo con la literatura revisada. Se concluye que, si no se tiene un seguimiento adecuado como constante retroalimentación y apoyo individualizado, los resultados de mejoría inicial no podrán mantenerse.

El estudio PISA ha puesto de manifiesto una brecha de género en el rendimiento matemático del alumnado español. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar el diferente impacto en el rendimiento en matemáticas en función del género de variables relacionadas con características de los estudiantes y de los centros educativos a los que asisten. Se considera la muestra española de la edición del año 2018 de PISA que, al presentar una estructura jerárquica, permite aplicar una metodología basada en la regresión multinivel a dos niveles. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el hecho de hablar en casa un idioma que no sea el castellano ni ninguna otra lengua cooficial y la disminución de la tasa de alumnos por profesor influyen negativamente, en exclusiva, en el rendimiento en matemáticas de los chicos, mientras que la condición de inmigrante y la titularidad pública del centro educativo afectan, también en sentido negativo, solo al desempeño matemático de las chicas. A partir de estos resultados se podrían plantear medidas específicas por género para paliar el efecto de las variables que merman el rendimiento matemático de los estudiantes en España

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Various studies have reported that emotional intelligence is a predictive factor of academic performance, so this work aimed to establish the relationship between the traits of emotional intelligence and mathematical skills presented by students from the pre-university center of the National University José Faustino Sánchez Carrión (CPU-UNJFSC) from Lima Peru. A descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational quantitative study was proposed in a sample of 226 pre-university students enrolled in the CPU-UNJFSC, who applied a modified emotional intelligence questionnaire from the BarOn Emotional Coefficient Inventory and the EVAMAT test for the evaluation of competition in mathematics. 50.44 % of the students reflected a medium level of Emotional Intelligence (IE) and 72.57 % of the students presented a medium level in mathematical skills, observing a slight but significant association between both variables. Formal education must not only transmit cognitive aspects, but also include the emotional aspects, employing integrative strategies that allow the integral development of individuals and success in all the goals that are proposed.

La presente investigación se basó en un estudio mixto mediante el cual a través de entrevistas semiestructurada se abordó la percepción del docente en el contexto actual de la institución educativa, paralelamente abordando con ellos alternativas basadas en la lúdica para dinamizar los procesos de aprendizaje dentro del aula de clase dado el bajo rendimiento reportado típicamente a final de periodo. Este proceso permitió establecer las falencias que presenta el colegio en material didáctico, lo cual limita significativamente la interiorización de estos procesos dentro de la planeación académico, así como también influye la apatía de algunos docentes y la rutina estandarizada que, excluye indirectamente toda iniciativa tendiente a la lúdica. En respuesta a este panorama, se formuló un portafolio de actividades lúdicas de fácil aplicación en el aula, basadas en el trabajo colaborativo y participación activa de los estudiantes, coordinados por el docente, permitiendo un mayor protagonismo del alumno. Así las cosas, esta investigación permitió establecer la multiplicidad de factores que intervienen en un problema, en este caso, la dificultad en la aplicación de la lúdica en el aula obedece a cuestiones de disponibilidad de recursos, actitud docente y del estudiante; además de la apatía al cambio de metodología de enseñanza, principalmente en docentes de avanzada edad. Así pues, la reflexión que deja es a la innovación, a la búsqueda de alternativas que permitan mejores y más motivantes espacios de aprendizaje, basados en un protagonismo significativo del estudiante y la creatividad del docente.

The present study explores the effect of two instructional methods for children with different levels of mathematical skills. One of these methods uses a conventional approach to learning multiplication and emphasizes the memorization of all arithmetic facts, whereas the other method is based on psychological principles and combines: a) the memorization of a small subset of problems aided by color cues and a portable time-table, with b) the use of single-step rules. One hundred and sixty second-grade children (aged 7-8) received instruction in one of these approaches – either the conventional method or the memory and rules method (M&R) – over the course of 6 months as part of their normal school education. Moderation analysis revealed that children with poor mathematical skills in the conventional group scored significantly better than their counterparts in the M&R group, whereas a significant advantage was observed in the M&R group for those children with strong mathematical skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El estudio puesto a consideración, muestra la importancia del uso del Khan Academy (KA) en el aprendizaje de Cálculo I en estudiantes universitarios de las Escuelas Profesionales de Ingeniería. Por las peculiaridades, la investigación abraza el enfoque cuantitativo, con diseño experimental de tipo cuasiexperimental con pretest y postest. La muestra fue de tipo no probabilístico intencional, desprendido en el grupo experimental constituidos por 93 estudiantes; mientras que, el grupo de control por 82 estudiantes de las carreras de ingeniería. Con respecto al instrumento, se asumió las pruebas pedagógicas validadas por 5 jueces representados por docentes del área de Cálculo I. Después de la experimentación que tuvo lugar en 10 sesiones de aprendizaje, se arribó a la conclusión. El uso de la plataforma del Khan Academy permitió promover el aprendizaje del Cálculo I en los tópicos de la derivada, los estudiantes que conformaron el grupo experimental, obtuvieron logros académicos considerables, además demostraron mayor confianza, autonomía y motivación durante el aprendizaje. Desde el aspecto tecnológico, el uso de la plataforma en línea, permitió rastrear las interacciones del estudiante al manipular las herramientas e interactuar con las actividades de la plataforma.

Investigaciones recientes han evidenciado que la memoria de trabajo es esencial para el desarrollo de las habilidades matemáticas. El estudio tuvo como objetivo estudiar la mediación de la capacidad matemática con respecto a la memoria de trabajo, en un grupo de estudiantes. El diseño es no experimental, cuantitativo y correlacional; para la evaluación de variables se utilizó la Batería Evaluación Neuropsicológica Infantil, y una prueba sobre habilidades matemáticas en un grupo de estudiantes de educación básica primaria. Los datos analizados indican que se encuentra una correlación significativa entre memoria de trabajo y las habilidades matemáticas en el grupo evaluado. Se puede apreciar que un entrenamiento de la amplitud de memoria de trabajo puede fortalecer significativamente las habilidades matemáticas de los estudiantes.

Recent research has shown that working memory is essential for the development of mathematical skills. The aim of the study was to study the mediation of mathematical ability with respect to working memory in a group of students. The design is nonexperimental, quantitative, and correlational; for the evaluation of variables the Neuropsychological Assessment of Children Battery and a test on mathematical skills in a group of primary school students were used. The data analysed indicate that a significant correlation is found between working memory and mathematical skills in the assessed group. A training of the working memory range can significantly strengthen the students' mathematical skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to verify a possible relationship between vocal performance and mathematical skills. The study has polled 60 vocal students and 6 voice teachers, analysed educational records, and conducted an independent singing examination. Using the Student's t-test, it was found that vocal performance estimates carried among student with different levels of mathematical competency indicated a connection between vocal performance and mathematical abilities. The results revealed that vocal students with relatively well-developed mathematical skills outperformed those with poor mathematical abilities by around 33 percentage points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Higher Education in Cuba is a particular transformational process; indeed, the development of knowledge in the society requires new demands in the universities. One of this demand is precisely the educational inclusion of young university students, for the achievement of the necessary professional skills in their performances. Particularly, those who have a diagnosis on stuttering and the ones who are studying pedagogical careers, need special attention by a language specialist (speech therapist) so that they can achieve their independence required by the exercise of the profession from a quality education. The speech therapy cabinet office is an excellent place to favor the educational inclusion of young university students with a diagnosis of stuttering, however, there is a limited level of knowledge by teachers, students and managers about the role they play in this regard. This article is aimed at evaluating the work that is done from the speech therapy cabinet of the Central University "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas (Villa Clara province, Cuba), to favor the educational inclusion of a young woman with Stuttering diagnosis. In order to achieve this purpose, an exploratory research was implemented through a case study, which constituted the initial phase of a further study. As a result, the diagnosis of the real state of the work that is carried out from the speech therapy cabinet was obtained, in relation to the educational inclusion of a young woman with a diagnosis of stuttering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artigo apresenta alguns resultados advindos de uma pesquisa de Mestrado sobre o desempenho de crianças com indícios de Discalculia do Desenvolvimento, utilizando-se como um dos instrumentos para a avaliação, o Teste de Transcodificação. O objetivo é analisar a repotencialização de habilidades matemáticas relacionadas à transcodificação numérica - TN, após o período de intervenções psicopedagógicas. A pesquisa ocorreu em dois momentos: a avaliação de 13 crianças com idades entre 9 e 12 anos e reavaliação das crianças, após o período de 10 sessões de intervenções. Para analisar os resultados obtidos, seguiu-se o indicado pela literatura do teste e realizou-se o Teste t de Student. A partir dos resultados numéricos, gráficos e tabelas foram construídos com a pretensão de ilustrar as variações no desempenho em relação às habilidades de cada uma das crianças. Após a análise do pós-teste, verifica-se que, de modo geral, as crianças apresentaram melhoras.

Copyright of Mendive - Revista de Educacion is the property of Universidad de Pinar del Rio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Apuntes Universitarios: Revista de Investigación is the property of Universidad Peruana Union Filiar Tarapoto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este artigo apresenta uma análise de teses, dissertações e artigos, no âmbito nacional, tendo como foco principal propostas de intervenções psicopedagógicas para estudantes do Ensino Fundamental com Discalculia do Desenvolvimento - DD, usando-se da Revisão Sistemática da Literatura - RSL, como método de pesquisa. Tem-se como questão guia de pesquisa “Como intervenções psicopedagógicas podem auxiliar estudantes do Ensino Fundamental com DD?”. Desse modo, o objetivo é verificar a existência de propostas psicopedagógicas para serem desenvolvidas com esses estudantes, potencializando e reabilitando as habilidades matemáticas em defasagem na DD. Para selecionar as produções, utilizou-se da base de dados Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações - BDTD e em relação à seleção dos artigos, optou-se pelo Google Acadêmico. Evidencia-se que o Brasil ainda carece de pesquisas na área da Educação Matemática que tenham como preocupação a avaliação, pois a falta de instrumentos padronizados impede que os profissionais de fato compreendam especificamente as áreas debilitadas e estabeleçam um plano de intervenção eficaz para os estudantes em tratamento terapêutico.

Este trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa sobre a relação entre a leitura musical e a matemática onde analisa a utilização dessa leitura para o desenvolvimento de habilidades matemáticas do ensino fundamental. Em decorrência da aprovação de leis que dispõem sobre a obrigatoriedade do ensino de música nas escolas, da sistematização de habilidades por meio de documentos de caráter normativo e da estreita relação que a matemática tem com a música, esta ultima, por sua vez, caracterizando-se como um artifício didático, constituem a base e o ponto norteador deste trabalho. A pesquisa foi feita por meio de um estudo bibliográfico dos conceitos musicais, de habilidades da BNCC e de trabalhos científicos que relacionam a matemática com a música. O resultado mostra que muitos conceitos matemáticos são essenciais na leitura musical e que essa leitura interdisciplinar favorece o desenvolvimento de habilidades matemáticas. Dessa forma, ela possibilita a utilização da música como ferramenta para o ensino/aprendizagem. A leitura de partituras musicais, por ser considerada, de certa forma, uma leitura de números, se transforma na manipulação de contas matemáticas que contribuem para o desenvolvimento de habilidades matemáticas.

Copyright of Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology is the property of Editorial of the University of Almeria (Spain) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Contabilidade e Organizações is the property of Revista de Contabilidade e Organizacoes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Actualidades Pedagógicas is the property of Revista Actualidades Pedagogicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Psychology, Society & Education is the property of Psychology, Society & Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La perspectiva de género va cobrando auge en nuestro tiempo como una alternativa de equidad entre hombres y mujeres; a pesar de ello, existe la tendencia a considerar que los hombres y las mujeres presentan diferencias significativas en el desarrollo lingüístico y las habilidades matemáticas. El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar si hay diferencia entre hombres y mujeres en el desarrollo de estas habilidades, partiendo de la premisa de que las mujeres desarrollan habilidades lingüísticas y los hombres habilidades matemáticas. Para ello se realizaron dos estudios, en el primero se parte de las creencias que manejan los docentes con respecto al género y en el segundo se aplicó el Test WISC-R a 486 alumnos de nivel primaria, para establecer la diferencia en habilidades lingüísticas y matemáticas entre hombres y mujeres, obteniendo como resultado que las mujeres desarrollan más el área lingüística, los hombres la ubicación espacial, pero no se mostró diferencia en el desarrollo de habilidades matemáticas.

El artículo presenta los resultados de la evaluación realizada a estudiantes que ingresan a la carrera de Pedagogía en Educación General Básica, de dos instituciones universitarias regionales pertenecientes al Consejo de Rectores en Chile, en habilidades de razonamiento y conocimiento matemático y comprensión lectora. Corresponde a una evaluación diagnóstica de tipo descriptiva y comparativa de corte transversal, a una población compuesta por 80 alumnos, a quienes se les aplicó instrumentos debidamente validados con un Alfa de Cronbach α=0.82 en Matemática y de α=0.64 en Comprensión Lectora. Para el análisis de la información, se utilizaron métodos descriptivos univariados y multivariados. Los resultados evidencian, en general, un dominio descendido en ambas habilidades o por debajo de lo esperado al ingreso de la Educación Superior, especialmente en las habilidades matemáticas.Based on a comparative cross-assessment diagnosis conducted in two Council of Rectors (CRUCH) universities in southern Chile in 2009, this paper shows the results of Math reasoning and reading comprehension skills assessment of entrant students from the Primary School Teaching Program. Data for this paper comes from a test with Cronbach's Alpha reliability of 0,82 in Math and 0,64 in Reading Comprehension, which was applied to a sample of 80 students. Data analysis required one-variable and multivariable descriptive methods and the results dramatically showed either a low command of both skills or far lower than expected performance for entrant students from the Primary School Teaching Program, especially in Maths.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue explorar la relación existente entre un conjunto de variables cognitivo-lingüísticas, como son la conciencia fonológica, la competencia lectora y matemática, y las funciones ejecutivas en las etapas iniciales de escolarización. Tanto las variables cognitivas como las lingüísticas analizadas tienen una alta dependencia de las funciones ejecutivas que permiten la planificación y supervisión intencional del comportamiento. Dos de los procesos más importantes implicados son los que nuclean el modelo de Miyake. Determinar la influencia que estos procesos de arriba-abajo tienen sobre el rendimiento cognitivo-lingüístico puede ser un objetivo interesante desde el punto de vista de la evaluación de las dificultades de aprendizaje en la escuela. Con la finalidad de hacer un estudio exploratorio se seleccionaron 16 niños y niñas 2º de Educación Primaria de un colegio público con edades comprendidas entre los 7 y 8 años. Los datos sobre conciencia fonológica y competencia lectora fueron obtenidos a través del LOLEVA, los relacionados con las Funciones ejecutivas se obtuvieron a través del CHEXI cubierto por el profesorado, y el índice de competencia matemática (ICM) se obtuvo a través del TEMA-3. Los resultados muestran que tanto las medidas cognitivas, como las lingüísticas tienen una alta correlación con las funciones ejecutivas evaluadas, pero no en todas las tareas ni con el mismo peso. De igual modo, entre las medidas de los dominios lingüístico y matemático parecen existir relaciones claramente significativas, posiblemente mediadas por su dependencia básica de las funciones ejecutivas.

We found that existing theory about mathematical skills is not appropriated when using it to analyze students' performance. This fact suggested us to discuss such theories and to propose a new conceptualization of the term 'mathematical skills'. The latter improves the existing ones and allows to know how students evolve in their skills. The new conceptualization includes students' control about his own performance in addition to the requirement of getting a correct answer in a right way. This article focuses in the theoretical approach to the concept, explaining the reasons that guide our work, and we establish relations between skills and heuristics. Finally, we propose considerations that could be the beginning of future research work to improve its adquisition. The methodology used is qualitative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]