93 results on '"guanches"'
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2. Más allá de la jaula identitaria.
- Author
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Pablo Estévez Hernández
- Subjects
identidad ,canariedad ,guanches ,etnicidad ,migración ,Social Sciences - Abstract
Este ensayo es una revisión de notas tomadas para un homenaje temprano a la figura del antropólogo canario Fernando Estévez, escrito entre 2016 y 2017. Ya que ha pasado más de un lustro desde su fallecimiento, creemos que es un buen momento para revisar lo que se ha agrupado de su obra aquí, no solo por el carácter bibliográfico y documental del mismo, sino por las propuestas abiertas en torno al «conector» de este trabajo de revisión: indagar en el concepto de identidad, especialmente en una Canarias marcada por los procesos de globalización y la presencia de migrantes representada negativamente en las narrativas identitarias.
- Published
- 2023
3. History of Mummy Studies
- Author
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Buikstra, Jane E., Nystrom, Kenneth C., Shin, Dong Hoon, editor, and Bianucci, Raffaella, editor
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. HALLAZGOS DE MOMIAS EN LOS INICIOS DE LA ARQUEOLOGÍA CIENTÍFICA EN TENERIFE (1867-1915).
- Author
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Mederos Martín, Alfredo and Escribano Cobo, Gabriel
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Historia de Canarias is the property of Universidad de La Laguna and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Casa del Samarín, una estación de grabados rupestres en deterioro. Documentación, análisis y diagnóstico en Los Llanos de Ifara, Granadilla, Tenerife
- Author
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Alba Fuentes-Porto, Carlos García-Ávila, and Efraín Marrero-Salas
- Subjects
estación rupestre ,estructura circular ,guanches ,fotogrametría ,reconstrucción 3d ,monitorización ,Museums. Collectors and collecting ,AM1-501 ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
En el presente artículo nos respaldamos en técnicas de documentación y análisis digital para profundizar en la caracterización de la estación de grabados rupestres denominada como Casa del Samarín o Tagoro del Rey, situada en Los Llanos de Ifara, Granadilla de Abona (Tenerife). En el enclave arqueológico, de adscripción guanche, se analizan 21 paneles con diversas tipologías de grabados. Se pueden distinguir los clasificados como geométricos-lineales, geométricos de tendencia oval y rectangular, así como los figurativos. Los bloques que conforman la estación de grabados pertenecen a un afloramiento rocoso de basalto, desde el cual se adosan otros bloques que se disponen formando un círculo. La planta que describe el conjunto de bloques se define como "cabaña" o estructura de superficie. Las acciones antrópicas y una fuerte insolación, unido a la problemática intrínseca de las rocas basálticas, condicionan la conservación de este conjunto. Ante la amenaza que supone su deterioro paulatino, perseguimos asegurar su representación digital, inventariar sus grabados, monitorizar su estado de conservación y comprender los procesos de degradación que le afectan. Para ello nos valemos de la georreferenciación y el levantamiento fotogramétrico del sitio, así como de calcos digitales, para generar registros tridimensionales (3D) de precisión. Esta documentación geométrica se realiza con una secuenciación trimestral para observar la evolución de los cambios materiales. El registro patológico se realiza por medio de fichas de registro, encargadas de enumerar, describir y clasificar las lesiones observadas por escrito; también de mapas de daños 3D, que recogen su alcance y ubicación. Además, las propias texturas de los modelos 3D se someten a un procesamiento de imagen para destacar las características cromáticas; por otra parte, el análisis computacional de sus geometrías permite detectar la aparición de cambios formales a lo largo de las secuencias registradas. El protocolo llevado a cabo en cuanto a registro y documentación incidieron no sólo en el diagnóstico y análisis de esta estación de grabados, sino también en la redefinición arqueológica del propio yacimiento. Lo más destacado: • Se aborda el registro fotogramétrico y calco digital de una estación rupestre, en avanzado estado de deterioro, con el fin de registrar su estado actual y contribuir a su conservación digital. • La observación en detalle de los elementos analizados y la representación cenital a partir de la fotogrametría, han contribuido a la redefinición arqueológica del propio yacimiento. • El análisis computacional de la información geométrica, unido a un registro del estado de conservación sistemático, nos ha permitido subrayar los problemas que afectan a su preservación.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. LOGOFAGIAS EN LA ESCRITURA DE ANDRÉS SÁNCHEZ ROBAYNA: BÚSQUEDAS ONTOLINGÜÍSTICAS Y FANTASMAS DE LA HISTORIA COLONIAL CANARIA.
- Author
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LAGUIAN, Claire
- Abstract
Copyright of Tropelías: Revista de Teoría de la Literatura y Literatura Comparada is the property of Prensas Universitarias de Zaragoza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
7. LA INTENSIFICACIÓN DE LA BÚSQUEDA DE MOMIAS GUANCHES EN TENERIFE DURANTE LA SEGUNDA MITAD DEL SIGLO XIX. LA CAMELLITA, HOYA BRUNCO, ARAYA, AGUA DE DIOS, ESCOBONAL, AJABO, MARTIÁNEZ, TENO, ANAGA, SAN ANDRÉS Y BARRANCO DE SANTOS...
- Author
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Martín, Alfredo Mederos and Cobo, Gabriel Escribano
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Historia de Canarias is the property of Universidad de La Laguna and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Las Cuevas de Bencomo (La Orotava, Tenerife). De la historiografía al dato arqueológico.
- Author
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Salas, Efrain Marrero, García Ávila, Juan Carlos, Hernández, Ithaisa Abreu, González, Hacomar Ruiz, Ríos, Santiago Sossa, and Cancel, Sandra
- Subjects
- *
CAVES , *CAVING , *ARCHAEOLOGY , *CONCEPTS , *QUARRIES & quarrying - Abstract
The Bencomo Caves are one of the most significant spaces in the archaeology of Tenerife, especially linked to the emblematic character of the traditional identification with the Mencey de Taoro. However, this space had not been the result of a systematic excavation that would shed light on what would be its chronology and possible functionality, sometimes linked to the problematic concept of auchón. The present article shows the results obtained from the archaeological interventions, in which the caves were cleaned and reused as sheepfolds, and their excavation and detailed recording was carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. CASA DEL SAMARÍN, UNA ESTACIÓN DE GRABADOS RUPESTRES EN DETERIORO. DOCUMENTACIÓN, ANÁLISIS Y DIAGNÓSTICO EN LOS LLANOS DE IFARA, GRANADILLA, TENERIFE.
- Author
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Fuentes-Porto, Alba, García-Ávila, Carlos, and Marrero-Salas, Efraín
- Subjects
GLOBAL Positioning System ,IMAGE processing software ,GEOGRAPHIC information systems ,PETROGLYPHS ,DOCUMENTATION ,IMAGE analysis ,ELECTRONIC data processing - Abstract
Copyright of Virtual Archaeology Review is the property of Virtual Archaeology Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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10. La infancia olvidada: una aproximación a las comunidades infantiles aborígenes de las islas Canarias
- Author
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Rodríguez-Caraballo, Selene and Rodríguez-Caraballo, Selene
- Abstract
Los niños y niñas aborígenes han sido despojados de un discurso histórico propio. Por eso, desde la Arqueología de la Infancia planteamos una breve aproximación de un estudio de cuatro individuos subadultos procedentes de Tenerife y La Gomera para intentar conceptualizar la infancia aborigen, además de conocer sus modos de vida y qué actividades realizaban. Así, hay evidencias documentales y funerarias que permiten conocer la vida de los niños y niñas desde que nacían hasta que formaban parte de su comunidad., Aboriginal children have been stripped of their own historical discourse. For this reason, from the Archeology of Childhood we propose a brief approach to a study of four subadult individuals from Tenerife and La Gomera to conceptualize aboriginal childhood, in addition to knowing their lifestyles and what activities they carried out. Thus, there are documentary and funerary evidence that allows us to know the life of children from the time they were born until they were part of their community.
- Published
- 2023
11. DESCUBRIMIENTOS Y EXHIBICIÓN DE MOMIAS GUANCHES EN LA PRIMERA MITAD DEL SIGLO XIX. MUSEOS EUROPEOS (MONTPELLIER, GÖTTINGEN, SAN PETESBURGO, GINEBRA) Y GABINETES CIENTÍFICOS INSULARES DE SAVIÑÓN Y MEGLIORINI.
- Author
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Mederos Martín, Alfredo and Escribano Cobo, Gabriel
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Historia de Canarias is the property of Universidad de La Laguna and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. EL INICIO DEL COLECCIONISMO ILUSTRADO DE MOMIAS GUANCHES DURANTE EL SIGLO XVIII. BARRANCO DE ERQUES Y ACANTILADO DE MARTIÁNEZ (TENERIFE, ISLAS CANARIAS).
- Author
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Mederos Martín, Alfredo and Escribano Cobo, Gabriel
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Historia de Canarias is the property of Universidad de La Laguna and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Footpaths Marked by Changes in Geological Clasts as Indicators of Mobility in Tenerife, Canary Islands.
- Author
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Arnay-de-la-Rosa, Matilde, García-Ávila, Carlos, Marrero-Salas, Efraín, Criado-Hernández, Constantino, and González-Reimers, Emilio
- Subjects
VOLCANIC fields ,CANARIES ,TRAILS ,ISLANDS ,UPLANDS - Abstract
Studies on the mobility of past populations are useful in the interpretation of trade and lifestyle. Preservation of ancient paths is uncommon. In Tenerife, a volcanic island of the Canary Archipelago, ancient paths are still preserved, due to the dry climatic conditions and the presence of extensive lava fields in inhospitable areas of the Island. The Guanches who inhabited this island before the Spanish conquest, those surviving in the highlands after the conquest, and modern goatherders, utilised a still identifiable net of paths to access the central mountains. Clasts in the beds of these paths have suffered variable abrasion, depending on the time during which the path was used and on the number of people and/or animals that have walked on it. We estimated roundness of 1819 clasts collected at different parts of the net of paths crossing different lava fields of known antiquity. Significant differences in roundness of clasts among different parts of the paths allowed an inference about the relative importance of each of the paths constituting the net. Therefore, assessment of roundness of the clasts of the beds of paths may aid in the understanding of the migrations of people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. La conquista de las Canarias: un ensayo bélico para América (1402-1501).
- Author
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GARCÍA DE GABIOLA, JAVIER
- Subjects
- *
MILITARY science , *CONQUERORS , *MERCHANTS , *POPULATION , *HISTORY - Abstract
The conquest of the Canary Islands could be thought as a kind of essay of the later struggle for America, in which the Conquistadores, groups of merchants, adventurers and religious, agreed between them and with their kings their economic contributions and rights over the plunder and land as a commercial company. His rivals, the primitive Guanches, opposed a heroic and unexpected resistance to the Castilian conquest, which could only triumph after 100 years of fighting, thanks to the skills of men like Bethencourt, Rejón, Vera or Lugo, models for Cortés or Pizarro. This study will focus on the purely military aspects of the conflict, describing the campaigns with a certain level of detail to better understand the tactics and strategies applied that decided the outcome of the war, emphasizing, among other aspects, in a scientific approach to the numerical strengths of the armies at stake, especially on the part of the Guanches. Thus, the natives counted on superior numbers to the Castilians, but not of the size mentioned by the chronicles. Based on population estimates and the number of warriors mobilized in the smaller islands (easier to count reliably by the chroniclers), around a 5-10% of the population would act as warriors. This percentage has been applied to the larger islands, also reducing proportionally these figures based on the total number of kingdoms that opposed the Castilians, since not all of them did so. Therefore, their figures would not exceed 1,000 o 2,000 warriors, so twice or one and a half times more than the Spanish, at most. With this smaller disproportion and thanks to the superior technology and the support of Guanches like Guanarteme, the Conquistadores would eventually prevail in 1501-1506. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
15. La integración de la isla de Tenerife en el dominio lingüístico hispánico
- Author
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MITEVA, YULIYA
- Subjects
guanches ,Historia social de la lengua ,Tenerife ,hispanización ,Canarias - Abstract
Antes de culminar el largo proceso histórico de la Reconquista, la Corona de Castilla ya había iniciado su ruta atlántica. La integración del archipiélago canario en el dominio político castellano llevó más de un siglo. Tenerife fue la última isla en ser conquistada y sus habitantes, los guanches, opusieron una tenaz resistencia a los intentos de los castellanos por dominarlos. A diferencia de otros archipiélagos de la Macaronesia, las Canarias se encontraban habitadas y Tenerife, junto con la vecina isla de Gran Canaria, fue una de las más densamente pobladas. Las siete islas pertenecían al dominio lingüístico beréber, eran una provincia lejana del mundo beréber. Tras la conquista, la isla de Tenerife queda definitivamente integrada en el espacio político de Castilla. Con la puesta en marcha de la colonización, se inicia el lento proceso de su integración en el dominio lingüístico hispánico. Me propongo analizar este proceso desde una perspectiva socio-histórica, porque estoy convencida de que para entender los procesos de cambio y sustitución de lengua hay que abordarlos dentro del campo de la historia social y de la sociolingüística histórica.
- Published
- 2023
16. Defendiendo la Montaña Sagrada. La pintura 'Paisaje de las Indias Occidentales' de Jan Mostaert y la Conquista de Gran Canaria.
- Author
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Jansen, Maarten E. R. G. N.
- Abstract
The painting Landscape of the West Indies at the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, is attributed to Jan Mostaert from Haarlem (ca. 1475-1555 / 56). Several identifications have been proposed for the region that is represented and for the event that takes place there (a conflict between Spanish conquerors and an indigenous people that defends a great mountain). After critically reviewing the existing hypotheses, this article continues the path indicated by Martínez de la Peña (1970) and Peter Mason (2015, 2017), who have identified several details of the painting as typical of the Canary Islands and its original inhabitants. This article proposes that the mountain of central importance in the painting corresponds to the Roque Bentaiga of Gran Canaria, that the striking stone arch is the nearby rock formation called "Ventana del Bentaiga" and that the snow-topped mountain in the background must be the Teide, a volcano on the neighbouring island of Tenerife, visible from this area. The conclusion is that the painting depicts the battle that took place at this site in 1483 between the troops of the Spanish conquistador Pedro de Vera and the Canaries who opposed them with fierce resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. APORTES MUTUOS ENTRE LA CULTURA DE LAS ISLAS CANARIAS Y AMÉRICA LATINA EN LOS CAMPOS DEL FOLKLORE, RELIGIÓN E IDIOMA.
- Author
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Koszla-Szymańska, Małgorzata
- Abstract
Copyright of Zeszyty Naukowe Uczelni Vistula/ Vistula University Working Papers is the property of Vistula University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
18. 'Guanchinescan Antiquities'. Commerce and collecting of archeological remains from the Canary Islands
- Author
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Carmen Ortiz García
- Subjects
anthropology ,archeology ,mummies ,guanches ,restitution of human remains ,museums ,collecting ,History (General) ,D1-2009 - Abstract
The aim of this paper is a long-term examination of the history of the collecting of material culture and bio-anthropological remains from the Canary Islands ancient settlers since the 18th century onward. This traffic of objects was determined to a great extent by the presence of mummification in their funerary rites and by the academic controversy surrounding their ethnic origins. In relation to these facts, the text analyzes the different agents and the different interests involved in the knowledge and the international circulation of these objects formerly belonging to the so-called “guanches.” Finally, the current situation of this traffic and the latest cases of moving of mummies and other human remains from ancient Canary Islanders that are preserved in museums or collections will be addressed.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Logophagies in the writing of Andrés Sánchez Robayna: ontolinguistic searches and ghosts of canarian colonial history
- Author
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Laguian, Claire, Laguian, Claire, Littératures, Savoirs et Arts (LISAA), and Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)
- Subjects
[SHS.LITT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature ,guanches ,[SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature ,fantasmas ,Andrés Sánchez Robayna ,logofagias ,silencio ,islas Canarias ,memoria postcolonial ,General Medicine - Abstract
International audience; La obra del escritor español Andrés Sánchez Robayna viene marcada por una gran variedad de expresiones del silencio, y en este artículo queremos proponer una lectura que se apoye en los aportes teóricos del crítico Túa Blesa sobre los trazos del silencio en la poesía contemporánea. Se trata de intentar entender cómo las logofagias se articulan, sobre qué radican, y cómo dialogan con las búsquedas ontolingüísticas que catalizan la creación robayniana. Estas huellas blancas y silenciosas visibles, heredadas de la tradición mallarmeana, establecen numerosos ecos con los ensayos, los textos autopoéticos y los Diarios que Robayna dedica a menudo al espacio insular canario, una tierra que suscita su deseo y su creación. Nos interesará destacar varios fragmentos del poeta canario que aluden al vacío memorial y sagrado, a estos dioses fantasmales que vagan tras la colonización, visibles e invisibles, callados, e intentaremos ver los puntos de encuentro que puede haber entre las expresiones logofágicas robaynianas y la búsqueda de los fantasmas del pasado precolonial.
- Published
- 2020
20. PROJECT FOR A SOCIAL HISTORY OF THE LANGUAGE OF THE GUANCHES
- Author
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MITEVA, YULIYA
- Subjects
toponymy ,guanches ,Historia social de la lengua ,Social history of the language ,Tenerife ,Canary Islands ,Toponimia ,hispanización ,Hispanization - Abstract
With the conquest of the Canary Islands a new linguistic frontier was opened in the middle of the Atlantic. Throughout the peninsular Middle Ages the frontier faced the Christians who spoke Romance and the Andalusian Muslims who spoke Arabic. Now Castilian faces another rival, the Berber languages of the indigenous communities of the Canary archipelago. My objective is to study from a socio-historical point of view how the process of change and substitution of the language of the Guanches, the indigenous population of the Island of Tenerife, developed after its incorporation into the Crown of Castile. In what way was the human and linguistic map of the island of Tenerife changed after the European conquest? Where can we locate the first centers of Castilianization? How far did its acculturative power reach? Were there any nuclei of cultural and linguistic resistance? Where were they located? What was the final fate of the aboriginal language? These are just some of the questions the social historian of language is faced with.
- Published
- 2022
21. La intensificación de la búsqueda de momias guanches en Tenerife durante la segunda mitad del siglo xix. La Camellita, Hoya Brunco, Araya, Agua de Dios, Escobonal, Ajabo, Martiánez, Teno, Anaga, San Andrés y barranco de Santos (1850-1899)
- Author
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Mederos Martín, Alfredo and Escribano Cobo, Gabriel
- Subjects
guanches ,siglo XIX ,coleccionismo de antigüedades ,momias - Abstract
La segunda mitad del siglo xix fue el momento de mayor número de hallazgos de momias en la isla de Tenerife con un mínimo de 25 individuos. Parte de los hallazgos se debieron a hallazgos casuales, algunos de ellos enviados a la Real Academia de la Historia y al Museo Arqueológico Nacional en Madrid o depositados en la colección Casilda de Tacoronte, pero en tres casos se trató de encargos para museos extranjeros, como ocurrió en Araya (1862), San Andrés (1890) y barranco de Santos (1892). Una novedad fue la demanda de coleccionistas canarios que habían emigrado a América, lo que acabó propiciando la salida de tres momias de la colección Casilda para Argentina y otra para Cuba. The second half of the 19th century was the time with the highest number of mummy finds on the island of Tenerife, with a minimum of 25 individuals. Part of the findings were due to chance finds, some of them sent to the Royal Academy of History and the National Archaeological Museum in Madrid or deposited in the Casilda collection on Tacoronte, but in three cases they were commissions for foreign museums, as happened in Araya (1862), San Andrés (1890) and ravine of Santos (1892). A novelty was the demand from Canarian collectors who had emigrated to America, which ended up propitiate the departure of 3 mummies from the Casilda collection for Argentina and another for Cuba.
- Published
- 2022
22. Evidence of Helminth Infection in Guanche Mummies: Integrating Paleoparasitological and Paleogenetic Investigations.
- Author
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Jaeger, Lauren Hubert, Gijón-Botella, Herminia, del Carmen del Arco-Aguilar, María, Martín-Oval, Mercedes, Rodríguez-Maffiotte, Conrado, del Arco-Aguilar, Mercedes, Araújo, Adauto, and Iñiguez, Alena Mayo
- Subjects
HELMINTHIASIS ,GUANCHES ,PALEOPARASITOLOGY ,MITOCHONDRIAL DNA ,ENTEROBIUS - Abstract
The Guanches, ancient inhabitants of the Canary Islands, Spain, practiced mummification of their dead. A paleoparasitological and paleogenetic analysis was conducted on mummified bodies (n = 6) (AD 1200, Cal BP 750) belonging to the Guanche culture from Gran Canaria Island. Coprolite and sediment samples (n = 19) were removed from below the abdominal region or sacral foramina. The samples were rehydrated in 0.5% trisodium phosphate solution for 72 hr at 4 C, and the paleoparasitological investigation was conducted by spontaneous sedimentation method and microscopic examination. The results revealed the presence of well-preserved eggs of Ascaris sp., Trichuris trichiura, Enterobius vermicularis, and hookworms. Ancient DNA was extracted from sediment samples to elucidate the ancestry of the mummies and for molecular detection of Ascaris sp. infection. Results of paleogenetic analysis demonstrated Ascaris sp. infection using 2 molecular targets, cytb and nad1. The mtDNA haplotypes U6b, U6b1, and HV were identified, which confirmed records of Guanche ancestry. The excellent preservation of Guanche mummies facilitated the paleoparasitological and paleogenetic study, the results of which contribute to our knowledge of Guanche culture and their health status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Casa del Samarín, una estación de grabados rupestres en deterioro. Documentación, análisis y diagnóstico en Los Llanos de Ifara, Granadilla, Tenerife
- Author
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Fundación CajaCanarias, Fuentes-Porto, Alba, García-Ávila, Carlos, Marrero-Salas, Efraín, Fundación CajaCanarias, Fuentes-Porto, Alba, García-Ávila, Carlos, and Marrero-Salas, Efraín
- Abstract
[EN] In the archaeology of the Canary Islands (Spain), there are many studies based on the usage of new technologies to contribute to the identification and description of rock art engravings through high-resolution digital models (Martín, 2005; Martín, Velasco, González & Ramírez, 2007; Senén & Cuenca, 2016; Navarro & Cancel, 2019). This paper is supported by these documentation techniques and digital analysis in order to deepen into the characterization of the damaged rock art station Casa del Samarín (House of Samarín), or Tagoro del Rey, in Los Llanos de Ifara, south of the island of Tenerife (Figs. 1). Twenty-one panels conserved in situ were documented (Fig. 6). Geometric-linear, geometric with an oval and rectangular trend and figurative ones can be distinguished. The blocks [1] that compose the engravings station belong to a rocky basalt outcrop, to which other free-standing blocks are attached, forming a circle. The shape that describes this set of blocks is defined as a "cabin" or circular-shaped structure. This set of engravings, made on a basalt rocky outcrop with a planar factory, show a tendency to suffer from exfoliation and are affected by internal stresses. The intrinsic characteristics of this stone support, together with their exposure to anthropic actions and strong insolation, condition its fragility, with the risk of losing part of the representations that it houses. Given the threat posed by its gradual deterioration, we seek to ensure its digital preservation through precision three-dimensional (3D) records, the engravings inventory, the record of their conservation state and the understanding of the degradation processes that are affecting the outcrop. What has been explained will be addressed quarterly, to observe the evolution of any material changes every three months. The registration work consisted of taking four photogrammetric surveys in eight months; the surveys were georeferenced by means of a centimetric Global Navigation Satellite, [ES] En el presente artículo nos respaldamos en técnicas de documentación y análisis digital para profundizar en la caracterización de la estación de grabados rupestres denominada como Casa del Samarín o Tagoro del Rey, situada en Los Llanos de Ifara, Granadilla de Abona (Tenerife). En el enclave arqueológico, de adscripción guanche, se analizan 21 paneles con diversas tipologías de grabados. Se pueden distinguir los clasificados como geométricos-lineales, geométricos de tendencia oval y rectangular, así como los figurativos. Los bloques que conforman la estación de grabados pertenecen a un afloramiento rocoso de basalto, desde el cual se adosan otros bloques que se disponen formando un círculo. La planta que describe el conjunto de bloques se define como "cabaña" o estructura de superficie. Las acciones antrópicas y una fuerte insolación, unido a la problemática intrínseca de las rocas basálticas, condicionan la conservación de este conjunto. Ante la amenaza que supone su deterioro paulatino, perseguimos asegurar su representación digital, inventariar sus grabados, monitorizar su estado de conservación y comprender los procesos de degradación que le afectan. Para ello nos valemos de la georreferenciación y el levantamiento fotogramétrico del sitio, así como de calcos digitales, para generar registros tridimensionales (3D) de precisión. Esta documentación geométrica se realiza con una secuenciación trimestral para observar la evolución de los cambios materiales. El registro patológico se realiza por medio de fichas de registro, encargadas de enumerar, describir y clasificar las lesiones observadas por escrito; también de mapas de daños 3D, que recogen su alcance y ubicación. Además, las propias texturas de los modelos 3D se someten a un procesamiento de imagen para destacar las características cromáticas; por otra parte, el análisis computacional de sus geometrías permite detectar la aparición de cambios formales a lo largo de las secuencias registradas. El protocol
- Published
- 2021
24. Reescrituras contemporáneas de la esclavitud en las islas Canarias: los fantasmas memoriales en la novela histórica Epistolario de un nativo (2019) de Pedro Óscar Martínez Quintana
- Author
-
Claire Laguian
- Subjects
DP1-402 ,Colonization ,Esclavage ,Convergence of struggles ,Slavery ,History of Spain ,Colonisation ,Canary Islands ,Hantologie ,Historical novel ,Novela histórica ,Fantology ,Revivalism ,Islas Canarias ,Fantología ,Îles Canaries ,Revivalisme ,Guanches ,Convergencia de las luchas ,Convergence des luttes ,Roman historique ,Colonización ,Revivalismo ,Esclavitud - Abstract
Poco se difundió sobre la historia de la colonización y de la esclavitud en las islas Canarias, y queda entonces en el imaginario canario contemporáneo un vacío epistémico y memorial importante por la destrucción total de las culturas y lenguas autóctonas, tras los crímenes de la colonización y la aculturación. El acceso a fuentes históricas que les devuelvan la voz a los pueblos canarios originarios es imposible, y frente a estos fantasmas del pasado y a la búsqueda actual de una identidad guanche, la literatura se enfrenta a este reto de apoderarse de los relatos de la esclavitud. La novela histórica Epistolario de un nativo (2019) de Pedro Óscar Martínez Quintana es una de las muestras de lo que puede suponer una reescritura contemporánea del pasado colonial espectral con su trabajo histórico, su contradiscurso ante el relato oficial del Estado español, su mitificación y sus contradicciones, sin olvidar sus estratagemas ficcionales y su posicionamiento desde un presente que se alimenta de las luchas políticas de las minorías. L’histoire de la colonisation et de l’esclavage dans les îles Canaries est peu diffusée, et il reste au sein de l’imaginaire canarien contemporain un vide épistémique et mémoriel, du fait de la destruction totale des cultures et des langues autochtones après les crimes de la colonisation et l’acculturation. L’accès aux sources historiques qui puissent rendre leur voix aux peuples canariens originels est inexistant, et face aux fantômes du passé et à la recherche actuelle d’une identité guanche, la littérature affronte le défi de s’emparer des récits de l’esclavage. Le roman historique Epistolario de un nativo (2019) de Pedro Óscar Martínez Quintana est une des démonstrations de ce que peut supposer une réécriture contemporaine du passé colonial fantasmatique avec son travail historique, son contre-discours face au récit officiel de l’État espagnol, sa mythification et ses contradictions, sans oublier ses stratégies fictionnelles et son positionnement depuis un présent qui se nourrit des luttes politiques des minorités. Not many publications exist about the history of colonization and slavery in the Canary Islands, and then a significant epistemic and memorial void remains in the contemporary Canarian imagination due to the total destruction of the native cultures and languages after the crimes of colonization and acculturation. There is no access to historical sources that would give voice to the native Canarian peoples, and due to these ghosts of the past and to the current search for a Guanche identity, literature faces this challenge of taking hold of the stories of slavery. The historical novel Epistolario de un nativo (2019) by Pedro Óscar Martínez Quintana is one of the examples of what a contemporary rewriting of the spectral colonial past can mean with its historical work, its counter-discourse in front of the official story of the Spanish State, its mythification and its contradictions, without forgetting its fictional stratagems and its positioning from a present that draws inspiration from the political struggles of the minorities.
- Published
- 2021
25. Från massmord till turistattraktion : En analys av hur den kanariska ursprungsbefolkningens mänskliga kvarlevor har behandlats
- Author
-
Gomez Kobayashi, Tamara and Gomez Kobayashi, Tamara
- Abstract
The Canary Islands are a popular tourist destination. But, behind the good weather and the beautiful beaches there is a traumatic story. Guanches, the island's indigenous people, died as a result of the Spanish colonization. Only a few aspects of Guanche's life remain - their human remains and their material culture. The purpose of this study is to see how Guanche's human remains are treated and whether it has thus affected how they are displayed today in museums. In order to draw conclusions, El Museo Canario's osteological exhibition has been evaluated. The exhibition has barely changed since 1880 and has clearly been influenced by factors such as colonialism, nationalism, tourism and ethnicity. The ethics behind this exhibition have also been discussed. The conclusion of this discussion was that El Museo Canario has adhered to ethical considerations. However, there are aspects of the exhibition that could be improved. Articles from El Museo Canario's publication from 1880–1900 and 2007–2011 have also been reviewed. This was done in order to see how research purposes have changed over time. The results of this analysis show that there are clear differences in research purposes depending on the year of publication. This change in mindset is not reflected on El Museo Canario's osteological exhibition., Las Islas Canarias son un destino turístico popular. Pero, detrás del buen clima y las hermosas playas hay una historia traumática. Guanches, indígenas de la isla, murieron como resultado de la colonización española. Hoy solo quedan algunos aspectos de la vida de los Guanche - sus restos humanos y su cultura material. La intención de este estudio es ver cómo se tratan los restos humanos de Guanche y, en consecuencia, como ha afectado las exhibiciones en los museos. Para poder hacer conclusiones, se ha evaluado la exposición osteológica de El Museo Canario. La exposición apenas se ha cambiado desde 1880 y claramente ha sido influenciada por factores como el colonialismo, el nacionalismo, el turismo y la etnicidad. La ética detrás de esta exposición también ha sido discutida. La conclusión de esta discusión fue que El Museo Canario se ha adherido a consideraciones éticas. Sin embargo, hay aspectos de la exposición que podrían mejorarse. Además, se han examinado artículos de la publicación de El Museo Canario de 1880–1900 y 2007–2011 para ver cómo los motivos de investigación se han cambiado con el tiempo. Los resultados de este análisis muestran que existen claras diferencias entre los motivos de investigación según el año de publicación. Este cambio de mentalidad no se refleja en la exposición osteológica de El Museo Canario.
- Published
- 2020
26. Descubrimientos y exhibición de momias guanches en la primera mitad del siglo XIX. Museos europeos (Montpellier, Göttingen, San Petesburgo, Ginebra) y gabinetes científicos insulares de Saviñón y Megliorini
- Author
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Gabriel Escribano Cobo, Alfredo Mederos Martín, UAM. Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología, and Patrimonialiación de los legados documentales y fotográficos en la arqueología española (CeDAP)
- Subjects
geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Scientific expeditions ,coleccionismo de antigüedades ,General Medicine ,Art ,Historia ,guanches ,Cave ,siglo XIX ,Cabinet (room) ,Saint petersburg ,Humanities ,media_common ,momias - Abstract
La exhibición de dos momias en el Gabinete de Historia Natural de París despertó el interés de diversas expediciones científicas que hicieron escala en Tenerife en la primera mitad del siglo xix. La de Nicolas Baudin en 1800 coincidió con el descubrimiento de una cueva con momias en El Sauzal y tres acabaron en los museos de las universidades de Montpellier y Göttingen y otra en el gabinete de Saviñón. Otra momia fue entregada a la expedición rusa de von Krusenstern de 1803, actualmente en el museo de San Petesburgo. Una nueva cueva con momias se descubrió ca. 1815 en Tacoronte y pasaron al gabinete científico de Megliorini, mientras que otra se localizó en Valleseco, Santa Cruz, hacia 1823, y fue vendida en el Puerto de la Cruz a un comerciante suizo para el museo de Ginebra. The exhibition of two mummies in the Natural History cabinet in Paris aroused the interest of various scientific expeditions that made a stopover in Tenerife in the first half of the 19th century. Nicolas Baudin’s expedition in 1800 coincided with the discovery of a cave with mummies in El Sauzal and three ended up in the university museums of Montpellier and Göttingen and one in the cabinet of Saviñón. Another mummy was given to von Krusenstern’s Russian expedition of 1803, currently in the museum of Saint Petersburg. A new cave with mummies was discovered ca. 1815 in Tacoronte, which ended up in the scientific cabinet of Megliorini. Another mummy located in Valleseco, Santa Cruz, around 1823, was sold in Puerto de la Cruz to a Swiss merchant for the Geneva museum.
- Published
- 2021
27. Aproximación micromorfológica a los procesos de formación de yacimiento de la Cueva de Las Estacas, Buenavista del Norte, Tenerife
- Author
-
García Villa, Pedro, Mallol Duque, Carolina, and Grado En Historia
- Subjects
Micromorfología ,Guanches ,Formación de yacimiento - Abstract
El empleo de técnicas geoarqueológicas de alta resolución, como la micromorfología de suelos, es un requisito indispensable para el correcto análisis y estudio de los yacimientos arqueológicos; son metodologías que se complementan y aportan información adicional a los resultados de campo y al análisis de los materiales. Este trabajo aporta un análisis microestratigráfico preliminar de parte de la secuencia de la Cueva de Las Estacas de Buenavista del Norte, Tenerife, examinando los procesos de formación del yacimiento, que abarca aspectos deposicionales, sindeposiconales y postdeposicionales que caracterizan el depósito estudiado. Se trata de un paquete sedimentario profundamente marcado por su cercanía al mar y por el aporte eólico de sedimentos. Estos resultados han arrojado luz sobre el conocimiento del medio físico donde vivían parte de las primeras poblaciones aborígenes canarias, ya que las dataciones obtenidas hasta la fecha sitúan a Las Estacas como uno de los yacimientos más antiguos de Tenerife. High resolution geoarchaeological techniques, such as soil micromorphology, are a prerequisite to analyze and interpret archaeological sites correctly. These techniques combine and contribute additional information to macroscale field data and to the analysis of the archaeological material record. This study provides preliminary results of a microstratigraphic analysis involving part of the Las Estacas Cave sequence, in Buenavista del Norte, Tenerife. The goal is to approach site formation processes including depositional, syndepositional and postdepositional aspects. Las Estacas’ deposit is strongly influenced by its closeness to the sea and by aeolian sedimentary input. Considering the early dates of the site, these results have shed light on our knowledge of the physical environment inhabited by early Canary Island aboriginal societies.
- Published
- 2021
28. APPROACHING LEXICAL LOSS IN CANARIAN SPANISH UNDERGRADUATES: A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT.
- Author
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González-Cruz, María Isabel
- Subjects
LEXICAL grammar ,GUANCHE language ,UNDERGRADUATES ,SOCIOLINGUISTICS ,SPANISH language ,LINGUISTICS ,DIALECTS ,GUANCHES - Abstract
Canarian Spanish is one of the most widely studied varieties of Spanish. Apart from significant distinguishing phonetic and grammatical features, this variety is notable for a number of characteristics at the lexical level. In their 2009 two-volume Diccionario ejemplificado de canarismos (henceforth DEC), Corrales and Corbella collected a total of 19,000 entries and 25,000 meanings and expressions, with examples taken from about 1,300 written records. All these Canarianisms represent the history, natural resources and popular knowledge in the Canarian dialect, thus showing the richness and variety of its vocabulary. Our aim here is to check whether part of this lexical repertoire is being lost, as previously warned of by Medina (1997). We provide data obtained in a survey completed by 100 young university students of Canarian origin at the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria on their knowledge and use of a small corpus of Canarianisms taken from the DEC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Reflexiones en torno al 'Pleito de los naturales'
- Author
-
Gómez Gómez, Miguel Ángel
- Subjects
Mentalidades ,Candelaria ,Guanches ,Pleitos - Abstract
El conflicto generado a finales del siglo XVI entre los guanches de Tenerife, los regidores del Concejo y los frailes dominicos por llevar a la Virgen de Candelaria en las procesiones dio origen a un curioso proceso que duró varios siglos. Los guanches defendieron sus derechos, llegando incluso a acudir al rey buscando justicia. Este trabajo analiza los distintos episodios y reflexiona sobre los motivos y la mentalidad de los litigantes.
- Published
- 2020
30. The beginning of the illustrated mummies collecting in Tenerife during the XVIIth century. Erques ravine and Martiánez cliff
- Author
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Gabriel Escribano Cobo, Alfredo Mederos Martín, and UAM. Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología
- Subjects
geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Siglo XVIII ,Coleccionismo de antigüedades ,media_common.quotation_subject ,coleccionismo de antigüedades ,General Medicine ,Art ,Ilustración ,Arqueología ,guanches ,Cave ,Humanities ,siglo XVIII ,media_common ,momias - Abstract
Para los siglos xvi y xvii sólo tenemos referencias puntuales a la visita de una o varias cuevas con momias guanches por Thomas Nichols ca. 1558 y Evan Pieugh en 1646, ambas en las inmediaciones de Candelaria y Güímar. La primera exploración con interés coleccionista se produjo en 1764 en el barranco de Erques por Luis Román. Al menos se recuperaron tres momias, una de las cuales se envió a Madrid y dos años después, en 1766, fue entregada a la colección de la Real Biblioteca. Un segundo grupo de momias salió en 1772, una o dos llegaron a París y otras tres a Londres, de las cuales una pasó al Museo Británico y otra al Trinity College en Cambridge, For the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries we only have specific references to the visit of one or several caves with guanche mummies by Thomas Nichols ca. 1558 and Evan Pieugh in 1646, both in the vicinity of Candelaria and Güímar. The first exploration with a collector interest was in 1764 in a cave in the Erques ravine by Luis Román. At least 3 mummies were recovered, one of them was sent to Madrid and two years later, in 1766, was delivered to the collection of the Royal Library. A second group of mummies was send in 1772, one or two arrived in Paris and three others to London, of which one went to the British Museum and another to the Trinity College in Cambridge
- Published
- 2020
31. Epistemicidio indígena, identidad fantasma. Los guanches en el arte y la literatura de vanguardia en Canarias
- Author
-
Gil Hernández, Roberto
- Subjects
guanches ,psicoanálisis ,fantología ,vanguardia ,colonialidad ,identidad guanches ,phantology ,vanguard ,coloniality ,psychoanalysis ,identity ,Antropología ,Sociología ,Historia del Arte - Abstract
El giro espectral ha hecho posible el surgimiento de un espacio inédito desde el que aproximarse a las epistemologías precoloniales. Me refiero, por ejemplo, al rol crucial que grupos étnicos ya desaparecidos, como los guanches, han jugado en algunas de las manifestaciones artísticas y literarias más populares de la sociedad canaria contemporánea. En tanto que fantasmas, estos nativos han asumido un papel preponderante en la cultura moderna de las Islas, aunque, como pretendo demostrar, solo con la penetración del movimiento de vanguardia su naturaleza fantológica ha sido útil para empezar cuestionar su colonialidad histórica. En este artículo, que se rige por los presupuestos teóricos del psicoanálisis lacaniano y del pensamiento descolonial, pretendo acreditar el modo en que el epistemicidio indígena todavía representa un serio desafío para la constitución de la identidad canaria. Indigenous epistemicide, ghost indentity. Guanches in Avant-Garde Art and Literature in the Canary IslandsAbstract: The spectral turn has made possible the emergence of an unpublished space from which to approach the precolonial epistemologies. I speak, for example, to the crucial role that ethnic groups already disappeared, like the Guanches, have played in some of the artistic and literary manifestations of contemporary canarian society. As ghosts, these natives have assumed a preponderant role in the modern culture of the Canary Islands, although, as I intend to show, only with the penetration of the Avant-Garde movements, its hauntological nature has been useful to question its historical coloniality. In this article, which follows the theoretical assumptions of Psychoanalysis and Decolonial Thought, I pretend to demonstrate the way in which, the indigenous epistemicide still represents a challenge for the constitution of the Canarian Identity.
- Published
- 2020
32. From genocide to tourist attraction : An analysis of how the remains of the indigenous people of the Canary islands were treated
- Author
-
Gomez Kobayashi, Tamara
- Subjects
ética ,colonialismo ,History and Archaeology ,ursprungsbefolkning ,kolonialism ,museiutställning ,exposiciones de museos ,Islas Canarias ,Archaeology ,Kanarieöarna ,Guanches ,El Museo Canario ,etik ,Arkeologi ,pueblos indígenas ,Historia och arkeologi - Abstract
The Canary Islands are a popular tourist destination. But, behind the good weather and the beautiful beaches there is a traumatic story. Guanches, the island's indigenous people, died as a result of the Spanish colonization. Only a few aspects of Guanche's life remain - their human remains and their material culture. The purpose of this study is to see how Guanche's human remains are treated and whether it has thus affected how they are displayed today in museums. In order to draw conclusions, El Museo Canario's osteological exhibition has been evaluated. The exhibition has barely changed since 1880 and has clearly been influenced by factors such as colonialism, nationalism, tourism and ethnicity. The ethics behind this exhibition have also been discussed. The conclusion of this discussion was that El Museo Canario has adhered to ethical considerations. However, there are aspects of the exhibition that could be improved. Articles from El Museo Canario's publication from 1880–1900 and 2007–2011 have also been reviewed. This was done in order to see how research purposes have changed over time. The results of this analysis show that there are clear differences in research purposes depending on the year of publication. This change in mindset is not reflected on El Museo Canario's osteological exhibition. Las Islas Canarias son un destino turístico popular. Pero, detrás del buen clima y las hermosas playas hay una historia traumática. Guanches, indígenas de la isla, murieron como resultado de la colonización española. Hoy solo quedan algunos aspectos de la vida de los Guanche - sus restos humanos y su cultura material. La intención de este estudio es ver cómo se tratan los restos humanos de Guanche y, en consecuencia, como ha afectado las exhibiciones en los museos. Para poder hacer conclusiones, se ha evaluado la exposición osteológica de El Museo Canario. La exposición apenas se ha cambiado desde 1880 y claramente ha sido influenciada por factores como el colonialismo, el nacionalismo, el turismo y la etnicidad. La ética detrás de esta exposición también ha sido discutida. La conclusión de esta discusión fue que El Museo Canario se ha adherido a consideraciones éticas. Sin embargo, hay aspectos de la exposición que podrían mejorarse. Además, se han examinado artículos de la publicación de El Museo Canario de 1880–1900 y 2007–2011 para ver cómo los motivos de investigación se han cambiado con el tiempo. Los resultados de este análisis muestran que existen claras diferencias entre los motivos de investigación según el año de publicación. Este cambio de mentalidad no se refleja en la exposición osteológica de El Museo Canario.
- Published
- 2020
33. The aboriginal settlement in the mincipality of La Laguna (Tenerife, Canary Islands)
- Author
-
Alfredo Mederos Martín, Gabriel Escribano Cobo, Vicente Valencia Afonso, and UAM. Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología
- Subjects
Tenerife ,Guanches ,Menceyato de Tegueste ,Prospección arqueológica ,La Laguna ,Arqueología - Abstract
La investigación arqueológica en el municipio de La Laguna, parte del antiguo menceyato de Tegueste, ha sido secundaria en relación con el municipio vecino de Tegueste, donde Diego Cuscoy realizó estudios regulares entre 1961-73. Aunque ha habido diversas excavaciones en cuevas funerarias como Las Goteras (1933), El Becerril (1944), Milán (1946) o La Palmita (1952), con unos 100 enterramientos en conjunto, corresponden a la fase inicial de Diego Cuscoy donde documentaba poco sus excavaciones. Por otra parte, solo se ha realizado una campaña en una cueva de habitación, El Calabazo (1985). La investigación en las últimas tres décadas, desde la primera prospección sistemática de La Laguna en 1989, se ha orientado hacia una catalogación patrimonial. Nuestra prospección, desarrollada principalmente entre 2002 y 2004, trató de contrastar el poblamiento aborigen del municipio, normalmente minusvalorado porque se consideraba un área de pasto por la presencia de una gran laguna, en relación con la distribución de los grabados rupestres. Los yacimientos aborígenes se conservan en los espacios que han sido menos antropizados, como los acantilados de las zonas litorales de valle Guerra y Bajamar, cauces de barrancos como las Cuevas, Milán, Goleta, el Río o Santos y cimas de montañas con gran visibilidad que presentan canales y cazoletas de carácter ritual, The archaeological investigation in the municipality of La Laguna, part of the old Chiefdom of Tegueste, has been secondary in relation to the neighboring municipality of Tegueste, where Diego Cuscoy conducted regular studies between 1961 and 1973. Although there have been several excavations in funerary caves such as Las Goteras (1933), El Becerril (1944), Milán (1946) or La Palmita (1952), with about 100 burials, correspond to the initial phase of Diego Cuscoy where he documented little in his excavations. On the other hand, only one campaign has been carried out in a domestic cave, El Calabazo (1985). Research in the last three decades, since the first systematic exploration of La Laguna in 1989, has been oriented towards a heritage cataloging. Our survey, developed mainly between 2002 and 2004, tried to contrast the aboriginal settlement of the municipality, usually undervalued because it was considered a pasture area due to the presence of a large lagoon, in relationship with the distribution of rock engravings. Aboriginal sites are conserved in spaces that have been less anthropized, such as the cliffs of the coastal areas of Valle Guerra and Bajamar, ravines such as Cuevas, Milán, Goleta, Río or Santos and mountain peaks with high visibility that they present channels and bowls of ritual character
- Published
- 2020
34. ENDOFOBIA EN CANARIAS.
- Author
-
Benítez, José Tomás Bethencourt
- Subjects
- *
GUANCHES , *COLONIZATION , *PSYCHOLOGY , *SOCIAL history , *HISTORY - Abstract
Endophobia is racism against natural or the native ones of a certain nation and is the opposed one to the xenophobia defined as racism against the foreigners of any nation. Endophobia is the more practiced racism type and simultaneously more hidden by part of the entire European metropolis that have maintained and still they maintain colonies in the African, American or Asian continent. The case of the Canary Islands, archipelago located to less than 100 km. of the African continent and to more than 1,500 km. of the European continent, it is analyzed in the present article. Native and original the Guanche people, of those seven African islands, militarily was invaded, conquered, colonized and enslaved in century XIV on the part of the then Spanish European state, formed by the kingdoms of Castilla and Aragon, before the peoples of the present countries of Latin America were colonized. The Canary Islands continue being a colonial property of Spain, in the heat of century XXI, having consequently still pending their process of national liberation, to which from political psychology it is being contributed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
35. The Quest for Independence?
- Author
-
Aldrich, Robert and Connell, John
- Abstract
The aspiration for independence is not simply reducible to economic categories or a history of development. Colonisation and decolonisation remain fundamentally a question of dignity. In no more than two decades between the 1950s and 1970s, vast colonial empires that had taken centuries to assemble almost totally disappeared. All the colonial powers witnessed, and sometimes expedited and encouraged, the disintegration of their global realms. The world map was rapidly transformed. As decolonisation proceeded, it was initially assumed that there were necessary limits to the process, limits that were a function of size: small colonies, in population and area, would not have the viability necessary for independence. Central to this was economic viability, a hazy notion, but one that implied that independent states should be more or less able to balance imports and exports, and that, over time, their need for external assistance would disappear. Elsewhere in the world, micro-states already existed. In Europe a few tiny states retained independent status even when surrounded by a larger state. Thus San Marino, encircled by Italy and with a population of just 20,000, was a sovereign state, with all the panoply of statehood (flag and stamps, if not currency, and diplomatic rights). Similarly Monaco, the Vatican City, Liechtenstein and Andorra all had independent political status, though few were represented in the United Nations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. The last of the Atlanteans.
- Author
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Conde, Mario García and Delgado, Héctor Roldán
- Subjects
- *
GUANCHES , *EMBALMING , *NEUROSURGERY , *BELIEF & doubt , *SKULL surgery , *ETHICS - Abstract
The article focuses on the scientific contributions of the Guanches in Canary Island. The Guanches have been known for their embalming techniques which reflects their religious beliefs. The skull surgery is being performed for therapeutic purposes and magic-religious objectives. The Canarian neurosurgery was able to contribute to the development of the Spanish neurosurgery.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Paleodietary analysis of the prehistoric population of the Canary Islands inferred from stable isotopes (carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen) in bone collagen
- Author
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Arnay-de-la-Rosa, M., González-Reimers, E., Yanes, Y., Velasco-Vázquez, J., Romanek, C.S., and Noakes, J.E.
- Subjects
- *
STABLE isotopes , *COLLAGEN , *NITROGEN isotopes , *CARBON isotopes , *FOOD consumption ,GRAN Canaria (Canary Islands) - Abstract
Abstract: Nitrogen and carbon isotope compositions were measured in the bone collagen from a total of 86 prehispanic samples of the Canary Islands, and hydrogen in 70, all of them with enough amount of bone collagen, and adequate N and C content. These samples belong to prehistoric population of El Hierro (n = 27), Tenerife (n = 18), and Gran Canaria (n = 41). Isotope compositions were also obtained for prehistoric and modern food resources that were likely consumed by these people. Marked differences were observed among the three islands regarding the three isotopes analyzed: the δ 15N values were highest among the population of Gran Canaria (10.8‰ ± 0.9‰), who also showed the highest δD values (7 ± 8‰). The population of El Hierro showed the highest δ 13C values (−18.6‰ ± 0.7‰). These data suggest a high consumption of marine products by the population from El Hierro, and also an important consumption of terrestrial meat or marine, piscivore fish, by the population from Gran Canaria, together with domesticated C3 plants (barley and/or wheat), fruits of Ficus carica and other wild species, and goat products. Additionally, marked differences were observed between men and women, which suggest that women consumed a more vegetal-based diet, a finding which is in agreement with the higher proportion of teeth with carious lesions among women. In our study, a high δD is associated with a high δ 15N, suggesting a relation with animal protein (either marine or terrestrial) consumption. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. On the extinction of the Dune Shearwater ( Puffinus holeae) from the Canary Islands.
- Author
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Rando, Juan Carlos and Alcover, Josep Antoni
- Subjects
- *
PUFFINUS , *EXTINCT animals , *HUMERUS , *COLLAGEN , *CARBON isotopes , *ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry , *HUMAN settlements , *GUANCHES - Abstract
Insular ecosystems have been subjected to severe hardship during the last millennia. Large numbers of insular bird species have undergone local disappearances and full extinctions, and a high number of insular birds are currently categorised as endangered species. In most of these cases, extinction—or endangerment—is in direct relation to the arrival of ‘aboriginal’ and/or imperialist waves of human settlement. Insular bird extinction events have been documented to have occurred at times corresponding to aboriginal settlement at many archipelagos and isolated islands, such as the Hawaiian Islands, New Zealand, the West Indies or the tropical Pacific Islands. However, no bird extinctions could be attributed to the first settlers of the Canary Islands—until now. The first accelerator mass spectrometer radiocarbon (14C) dating of collagen from a bone of the Dune Shearwater Puffinus holeae (3395 ± 30 year BP), an extinct bird from the Canary Islands, indicates a late Holocene extinction event. This relatively recent date, together with some features of this bird (large body size, breeding areas situated at very accessible places) and the absence of its bones from the entire archaeological record suggests that the extinction occurred close to the time that the first human settlement occurred on the islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Temporal evolution of the ABO allele frequencies in the Canary Islands: the impact of the European colonization.
- Author
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Fregel, Rosa, Betancor, Eva, Suárez, Nicolás, Cabrera, Vicente, Pestano, Jose, Larruga, Jose M., and González, Ana M.
- Subjects
- *
COLONIZATION , *BLOOD groups , *ANTHROPOLOGY , *INDIGENOUS peoples - Abstract
The indigenous Canary Islands population suffered a strong cultural and genetic impact when they were colonized by Europeans in the fifteenth century. The molecular analysis of the ABO blood group gene on aboriginal and seventeenth to eighteenth century remains confirms the demographic history of the islands depicted by previous archaeological, anthropological, and genetic studies. ABO allele frequencies clearly related Canarian aborigines with North African Berber populations, its most probable source of origin, and is far related to Iberian and to the current population of the archipelago. The historical sample shows a congruent intermediate position testifying already a strong European influence that would go in augment since then to present times, affecting all the islands with the important exception of La Gomera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Sociolinguistics aspects of Spanish in the Canary Islands.
- Author
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Samper-Padilla, José Antonio
- Subjects
SPANISH language ,SOCIOLINGUISTICS ,VARIATION in language ,GUANCHES - Abstract
These pages present, in summary form, the features that typify a linguistic modality that, situated halfway between the Spanish of Spain and that of the Americas, has its own well-defined personality within the broad range of geographical variation that is Spanish. These pages also show the confrontation that occurs between forms of various origins — traditional and innovative — within the limited space of the islands, where we find an array of solutions resulting from the different impact of the various social determinants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Transculturización, adaptación, reajustes e influencias en el léxico de la época de los Austrias: interacciones en los zoónimos Canarios.
- Author
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M. Cáceres Lorenzo
- Subjects
LEXICOGRAPHY ,EUROPEANIZATION ,COLONIZATION -- Social aspects ,MIXED languages ,ONOMASIOLOGY ,ANIMALS ,GUANCHES ,CULTURAL imperialism ,SPANISH colonies - Abstract
The strong historical link between the Canary Islands and the Americas has facilitated the existence of a tight lexical relationship between both territories. This connection began right from the period of their conquest and colonization. So, the creation of the new lexical repertoires in the Canaries and America shares the same processes, timing and features. But this likeness, often studied and justified, could not hide the peculiarities of the Canarian lexicon that follow from the historical and social facts of the Canarian Europeanization process. These singularities appear in different jargons, but perhaps it is specially evident in the case of animal names: the lack of terms derived from the language of the guanches, the scarce presence of words coming from the west of the Spanish mainland, contrary to what happens in other repertoires, and the degree of wealth and the spread of literacy, are the most important characteristics of this lexical field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
42. Ancient mtDNA analysis and the origin of the Guanches.
- Author
-
Maca-Meyer, Nicole, Arnay, Matilde, Rando, Juan Carlos, Flores, Carlos, González, Ana M., Cabrera, Vicente M., and Larruga, José M.
- Subjects
- *
GUANCHES , *INDIGENOUS peoples , *MITOCHONDRIAL DNA , *POPULATION genetics , *HUMAN genetics - Abstract
The prehistoric colonisation of the Canary Islands by the Guanches (native Canarians) woke up great expectation about their origin, since the Europeans conquest of the Archipelago. Here, we report mitochondrial DNA analysis (HVRI sequences and RFLPs) of aborigine remains around 1000 years old. The sequences retrieved show that the Guanches possessed U6b1 lineages that are in the present day Canarian population, but not in Africans. In turn, U6b, the phylogenetically closest ancestor found in Africa, is not present in the Canary Islands. Comparisons with other populations relate the Guanches with the actual inhabitants of the Archipelago and with Moroccan Berbers. This shows that, despite the continuous changes suffered by the population (Spanish colonisation, slave trade), aboriginal mtDNA lineages constitute a considerable proportion of the Canarian gene pool. Although the Berbers are the most probable ancestors of the Guanches, it is deduced that important human movements have reshaped Northwest Africa after the migratory wave to the Canary Islands.European Journal of Human Genetics (2004) 12, 155-162. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201075 Published online 24 September 2003 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Kamishibai: Leyendas Guanches en la Educación Primaria
- Author
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González Expósito, Carlos Jesús, Martín Hernández, Ulises, and Grado En Maestro De Educación Primaria
- Subjects
Materiales didácticos ,Kamishibai ,Cuentacuentos ,Guanches ,Literatura ,Leyendas ,Educación Primaria ,Mitos - Abstract
En el marco de Educación Primaria en Canarias son bastantes los recursos didácticos que se pueden encontrar a la hora de presentar el estilo de vida de los antiguos pobladores de las Islas Canarias. Sobre este tema existen a su vez diversas formas de presentar la narración de leyendas que tratan exclusivamente sobre los antiguos pobladores. Se han creado cuentos ilustrados, historias breves, poesías, etc. Pero no se ha trabajado con una técnica de reconocido éxito utilizada en la actualidad como herramienta de cuentacuentos: el Kamishibai. Pues es aquí donde surge una posibilidad atractiva de acercar al alumnado de Educación Primaria hasta la vida y costumbre de los antiguos canarios enmarcando dicha oportunidad en las áreas de Ciencias Sociales y Lengua Castellana y Literatura. Presento una propuesta didáctica basada en la creación de un material didáctico con temática de una leyenda de los antiguos pobladores de Canarias, cuyo formato narrativo es la técnica japonesa de contar cuentos Kamishibai. Within the framework of Primary Education in the Canary Islands, there are many didactic resources that can be found when presenting the lifestyle of the ancient inhabitants of the Canary Islands. On this subject there are in turn different ways of presenting the narrative of legends that deal exclusively with the ancient settlers. Illustrated stories, short stories, poems, etc. have been created. But it has not worked with a technique of recognized success used nowadays as a tool of storytelling: the Kamishibai. It is here that an attractive possibility arises to bring the students of Primary Education up to the life and custom of the old Canarian framing this opportunity in the areas of Social Sciences and Spanish Language and Literature. I present a didactic proposal based on the creation of a didactic material with the theme of a legend of the ancient inhabitants of the Canary Islands, whose narrative format is the Japanese Kamishibai storytelling technique.
- Published
- 2019
44. Defendiendo la Montaña Sagrada. La pintura ‘Paisaje de las Indias Occidentales’ de Jan Mostaert y la Conquista de Gran Canaria
- Author
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Jansen, M.E.R.G.N.
- Subjects
West Indies ,Jan Mostaert ,Indias Occidentales ,guanches ,conquista española ,Gran Canaria ,Roque Bentaiga ,Teide ,Margarita de Austria ,paisaje sagrado ,Guanches ,Spanish conquest ,Margaret of Austria ,sacred landscape - Abstract
La pintura Paisaje de las Indias Occidentales en el Rijksmuseum de Amsterdam, Países Bajos, se atribuye a Jan Mostaert de Haarlem (ca. 1475-1555/56). Tanto sobre el lugar como sobre el evento representado (un conflicto entre conquistadores españoles y un pueblo indígena que defiende una gran montaña) se han propuesto varias identificaciones. Después de un examen crítico de las hipótesis existentes este artículo continúa el camino indicado por Martínez de la Peña (1970) y Peter Mason (2015, 2017), quienes han identificado varios detalles de la pintura como propios de las Islas Canarias y de sus habitantes originales. Este artículo propone que la montaña de central importancia en la pintura corresponde al Roque Bentaiga de Gran Canaria, que el llamativo arco de piedra es la cercana formación rocosa llamada ‘Ventana del Bentaiga’ y que el monte nevado al fondo ha de ser el Teide, un volcán de la vecina isla de Tenerife, visible desde este área. La conclusión es que la pintura representa la batalla que tuvo lugar en este sitio en 1483 entre las tropas del conquistador español Pedro de Vera y los canarios que les opusieron feroz resistencia., INDIANA, Bd. 35, Nr. 2 (2018)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Black and Asian Studies - Madeira research.
- Author
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Pereira, Cliff
- Subjects
SLAVERY ,WINE industry ,GUANCHES ,NATIVE Americans ,AFRICANS ,SLAVE trade ,ASIANS ,COLONIES ,HISTORY - Abstract
The author focuses on the relative lack of information on slavery in literature and museums in Madeira. He states that most Madeiran guide-books mention slavery but few talk about where the slaves originated, which includes North Africans, sub-Saharan Africans, Guanches from the Canary Islands, and Native Americans. He mentions that few books concerning Madeira's wine industry talk about the connection between the slave trade and British wine companies. He comments on the links between Madeira and Portuguese colonies in Asia and the lack of information on Asians who came to Madeira. He talks about Sarah Lee Bowdich, the first recorded white woman who wrote an account of her travels in West Africa and Madeira and on Sarah Forbes-Davies, an African who was the god-daughter of Queen Victoria.
- Published
- 2007
46. Mystery of the Guanche.
- Author
-
Spence, Caroline
- Subjects
- *
GUANCHES , *INDIGENOUS peoples , *ETHNOLOGY - Abstract
Examines the theories behind the arrival of the Guanche, the first inhabitants of the Canary Islands. Implications of the similarities of Guanche and Egyptian culture; Arrival of the Guanche through the sea.
- Published
- 2000
47. About the world. Tribute to Professor Fernando Estévez González
- Author
-
Henríquez Sánchez, Mayte and Clavijo Redondo, Miguel Ángel
- Subjects
teoría social ,guanches ,arte ,turismo ,patrimonio ,antropología ,identidad ,Canarias ,museología - Abstract
Fernando Estévez González (1953-2016) es un referente en la teoría social y la museología y la antropología de Canarias. Profesor universitario desde 1982, impartió numerosas asignaturas durante más de treinta y siete años en diversas facultades de la Universidad de La Laguna, siendo además director y, posteriormente, coordinador del Museo de Historia y Antropología de Tenerife. Entre sus aportaciones se encuentran sus influyentes estudios historiográficos sobre los aborígenes canarios, sus trabajos sobre la cultura material, el patrimonio, el turismo, el arte o las identidades. Fernando Estévez González (1953-2016) is a reference in the social theory, the museology and the anthropology of the Canary Islands. Professor since 1982, he taught many subjects for more than thirty-seven years in different faculties at the University of La Laguna, being also director and, later, coordinator of the Museum of History and Anthropology of Tenerife. Among his contributions are his influential historiographical studies on aboriginal canaries, his work on material culture, heritage, tourism, art or identities.
- Published
- 2017
48. Acerca del mundo. Homenaje al profesor Fernando Estévez González
- Author
-
Henríquez Sánchez, Mayte and Clavijo Redondo, Miguel Ángel
- Subjects
teoría social ,guanches ,arte ,turismo ,patrimonio ,antropología ,identidad ,Canarias ,museología - Abstract
Fernando Estévez González (1953-2016) es un referente en la teoría social y la museología y la antropología de Canarias. Profesor universitario desde 1982, impartió numerosas asignaturas durante más de treinta y siete años en diversas facultades de la Universidad de La Laguna, siendo además director y, posteriormente, coordinador del Museo de Historia y Antropología de Tenerife. Entre sus aportaciones se encuentran sus influyentes estudios historiográficos sobre los aborígenes canarios, sus trabajos sobre la cultura material, el patrimonio, el turismo, el arte o las identidades. Fernando Estévez González (1953-2016) is a reference in the social theory, the museology and the anthropology of the Canary Islands. Professor since 1982, he taught many subjects for more than thirty-seven years in different faculties at the University of La Laguna, being also director and, later, coordinator of the Museum of History and Anthropology of Tenerife. Among his contributions are his influential historiographical studies on aboriginal canaries, his work on material culture, heritage, tourism, art or identities.
- Published
- 2017
49. The boundaries of the chiefdom of Taoro (Tenerife, Canary Islands) and the site of the Mencey Cave
- Author
-
Mederos Martín, Alfredo, Escribano Cobo, Gabriel, and UAM. Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología
- Subjects
Sistema de parentesco ,Tenerife ,Guanches ,Prospección arqueológica ,Matrilineal ,Menceyato de Taoro ,Arqueología - Abstract
Las fronteras del menceyato de Taoro se situaban al este en el barranco del Pino, actual límite entre Santa Úrsula y La Orotava, también llamado de Benitomo, de Bentore, de Bentorejo, Hondo o de la rambla Grande. En este barranco se suicidó ritualmente el mencey de Taoro. El límite occidental era el barranco del Dornajo en Los Realejos, antiguo barranco del Agua o de los Sauces. Había dos cuevas vinculadas al mencey de Taoro, una se encontraba en el barranco de Tafuriaste, al oeste de La Orotava, y la principal, donde nació el mencey, se encontraba en el barranco del Pino, en la denominada Altura de Quinquiquirá, próximo a los dos únicos tagorores o lugares de reunión en Taoro. La ubicación de la residencia del mencey de Taoro en el límite con el menceyato de Tacoronte hace presuponer un control de parte del territorio de Tacoronte en la fase previa a la conquista de Tenerife. En el siguiente barranco al del Pino, en dirección oeste, en el barranco de La Florida, se ha encontrado la principal cueva funeraria de La Orotava, con restos de 32 individuos, datado uno de ellos a finales del siglo VII d.C., The boundaries of the Menceyato of Taoro, a “Kingdom” in medieval sources but Chiefdom from an anthropological point of view, were, to the east, the ravine of Pine, current limit between Santa Ursula and La Orotava, also called Benitomo, Bentore, Bentorejo, Hondo —deep— or the rambla Grande —great riverbed—. In this ravine ritually the King of Taoro killed himself. The western boundary was the ravine Dornajo in Los Realejos, former ravine of Water or the Sauces —Sallow—. There were two caves linked to the King of Taoro, one was in the ravine Tafuriaste, west of La Orotava, and the principal, where the king born, was in the ravine of Pine, in the so-called height Quinquiquirá, near two tagorores or meeting places at Taoro. The location of the residence of the King of Taoro on the border with the kingdom of Tacoronte does assume control of the territory of Tacoronte in the previous phase to the conquest of Tenerife. In the next ravine to the Pine, heading west, in the ravine of Florida, it found the main burial cave of La Orotava, with remains of 32 individuals, one of them dating to the late seventh century AD.
- Published
- 2017
50. 'Guanchinescan Antiquities'. Commerce and collecting of archeological remains from the Canary Islands
- Author
-
Ortiz García, Carmen
- Subjects
arqueología ,History (General) ,antropología ,restitución de restos humanos ,coleccionismo ,collecting ,guanches ,restitution of human remains ,archeology ,mummies ,D1-2009 ,museos ,anthropology ,museums ,momias - Abstract
The aim of this paper is a long-term examination of the history of the collecting of material culture and bio-anthropological remains from the Canary Islands ancient settlers since the 18th century onward. This traffic of objects was determined to a great extent by the presence of mummification in their funerary rites and by the academic controversy surrounding their ethnic origins. In relation to these facts, the text analyzes the different agents and the different interests involved in the knowledge and the international circulation of these objects formerly belonging to the so-called “guanches.” Finally, the current situation of this traffic and the latest cases of moving of mummies and other human remains from ancient Canary Islanders that are preserved in museums or collections will be addressed. Se propone un examen de largo recorrido de la historia del coleccionismo de cultura material y restos bioantropológicos de los antiguos pobladores de las Islas Canarias a partir del siglo XVIII. Este tráfico estuvo muy determinado por la presencia de momificación en sus ritos mortuorios y por la controversia académica sobre su origen étnico. Se analizan en el texto los diferentes agentes e intereses involucrados en el conocimiento y circulación internacional de objetos pertenecientes a los llamados “guanches”. Finalmente, se aborda la situación actual respecto a este tráfico y los últimos casos de traslado de momias y restos humanos de antiguos canarios conservados en distintos museos y colecciones.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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