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Las principales disputas que han tenido lugar en el seno del tomismo contemporáneo han estado marcadas por un fuerte criticismo respecto a la escuela tomista dominicana. Las tesis más discutidas pueden sintetizarse en torno a la comprensión del esse y su énfasis en el conjunto de la filosofía del ser. El dominico canadiense Lawrence Dewan quiso contrarrestar este criticismo equilibrando este énfasis sobre el esse haciendo valer el papel de la forma en el pensamiento de Tomás de Aquino. La forma, que es algo divino en las cosas, no es sólo mera potencia receptiva, sino causa del esse y mediadora del acto creador del ente. En este artículo vamos a estudiar detenidamente las ideas principales del tomismo dewaniano a la luz de los aspectos más originales de la enseñanza del Aquinate, desde una perspectiva crítica.

É comum ter uma noção diminuta do princípio de não contradição, uma vez que normalmente ele é posto apenas como um princípio lógico, mas ele é antes de tudo um princípio ontológico, ele é a própria manifestação ulterior do ser. Com efeito, ele nos ajudará responder a pergunta central, como o ser se manifesta na multiplicidade dos entes? Deste modo, é sobretudo necessário apresentar a manifestação do ser por meio de seu princípio ontológico nos planos ontológico, ôntico e gnosiológico do real. A partir disso, esclarecer a impossibilidade de demonstração do princípio de não contradição, e como isso leva ao princípio do terceiro excluído; explicar o princípio de identidade como síntese e afirmação do pensamento, estabelecendo a coincidência entre ser e pensar; e também relacionar o princípio de não contradição com a predicação semântica essencial e acidental. Para isso, é utilizada uma abordagem qualitativa com um caráter bibliográfico de natureza descritiva, fazendo uso da análise doutrinal. Como resultado, é perceptível a presença de um mesmo princípio nos entes de todas as naturezas. Concluindo que o ser, mediante o princípio de não contradição, se manifesta na multiplicidade dos entes.

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A distinção de essência e existência figurou como uma das questões fundamentais da metafísica durante a escolástica. Duns Scotus rejeita expressamente a tese de que a essência e a existência de um ente sejam distintas realmente (realiter). Para compreender essa rejeição, analisamos neste artigo a noção de coisa (res) na doutrina de Scotus, especialmente na sua crítica a Henrique de Gand acerca do estatuto ontológico dos criáveis, levando em consideração a recepção da doutrina das primeiras noções do intelecto de Avicena. Scotus e Henrique adotam escopos distintos da noção de res e concluem divergentemente acerca da questão da essência e existência no contexto da criação do mundo. Também analisamos o argumento de Scotus quanto à natureza da simplicidade encontrada na criação, e como o Doutor Sutil argumenta pela rejeição de uma composição real (realis) necessária no ente criado rejeitando também, consequentemente, a distinção real de essência e existência.

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Digital transformation impacts longstanding business models and enables enterprises to create new ones. This transformation leads to increased competition that forces enterprises to compete, not only between companies but also between the entire supply chain and business networks. The emerging concept of digital business ecosystems (DBE) allows enterprises to concentrate on network co-creation and co-evolution of bundled services and products across enterprise boundaries. This exploratory study introduces a maturity model derived from existing DBEs. Based on employing a design science methodology, we reviewed 22 scientific publications, interviewed 28 senior experts from practice and derived a maturity model from the results. We applied the maturity model through an online survey to 29 DBEs from different industry sectors and compared it with 22 maturity assessment approaches from other domains. The maturity model enables researchers to compare and assess existing DBEs and helps practitioners to identify areas for improvement in the collaboration within DBEs.

The current study examines the effects of honeysuckle (Lonicera iberica M. Bieb.) (Li) and barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) (Bv) extracts in cryopreserved duck semen on sperm quality due to their proposed antioxidant effects. Of both extracts, 0.1% and 0.2% were added to the duck semen extender and the sperm quality was evaluated after thawing. For this purpose, semen was collected from six 1-year-old drakes by abdominal massage (for 4 weeks, twice a week, 48 ejaculates). Semen volume, sperm density, motility, and viability were determined. An extender containing 6% dimethylformamide (DMF) cryoprotectant (sodium lactate 3 g; sodium chloride 6 g; potassium chloride 0.4 g; calcium chloride dihydrate 0.3 g; dextrose monohydrate (D-glucose) 50 g) and Li and Bv extracts were used. After pooling, collected duck semen samples were randomly divided into 5 equal parts in amount. Then, using an extender at a 1:3 ratio, control (without Li- or Bv-additive), 0.1% Li, 0.2% Li, 0.1% Bv, and 0.2% Bv groups were formed. Semen samples divided into groups were subjected to freezing procedure and preserved in liquid nitrogen. Then, the sperm quality parameters of the groups were assessed after the semen samples were thawed at 37°C. Our findings revealed that the use of plant extracts in different concentrations in the cryopreservation of duck semen can positively affect sperm quality after thawing. Consequently, the extender with 0.1% Bv extract proved to be potentially useful for the long-term preservation of duck semen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artigo pretende discutir a interpretação de Heidegger relativamente a como a metafísica tradicional concebeu as noções de “ser” e de “ente”. De fato, conforme o autor, o pensamento ocidental entendido como metafísica confundiu ser e ente. Em seu início com Platão e Aristóteles, no momento em que o problema concernente ao sentido de ser ganhou fôlego no pensamento desses filósofos, esse tema já caiu no esquecimento e o que ambos conquistaram em suas reflexões se quedou trivializado durante toda a história do pensamento ocidental, com muitas deturpações e incompreensões, até a Lógica de Hegel. Em decorrência disso, analisaremos também as consequências dessa posição fundamental, visto que ao não pensar a diferença ontológica, a metafísica tornou-se onto-teo-logia.

Depois da sua passagem para a fé católica, Edith Stein reformulou suas concepções filosóficas apropriando-se do conceitual tomasiano. Neste artigo, abordaremos como ela abordou as questões acerca da eternidade do ser e da criação dos entes, comparando com a concepção original de Tomás de Aquino e mostrando como esse diálogo entre os pensamentos medievais e contemporâneos foi desenvolvido de uma maneira original na obra “Ser finito e ser eterno: Ensaio de uma ascensão ao sentido do ser”.

A fugacidade é própria de todo o ente, pois esse recebe o ser e não tem por si a sua existência. Já a eternidade é atributo único do Ser, de Deus, pois é o necessário por si. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo visa refletir sobre a efemeridade dos entes corruptíveis e dos entes incorruptíveis, bem como acerca da eternidade de Deus na terceira via tomásica. Deste modo, em primeiro lugar, apresentar-se-á a referida prova acerca da existência de Deus. Num segundo momento, será tecido um apontamento acerca da efemeridade dos entes corruptíveis, os quais sofrem os efeitos da dinâmica da geração e corrupção. Depois, verificar-se-á que os entes incorruptíveis também possuem uma existência efêmera, pois podem ser aniquilados por Deus. Por fim, será elucidado que Deus é o Ser necessário por si e por isso é eterno. Haja vista que Deus concede e mantém a existência de todo o ente.

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The past 20th century has witnessed a renewed interest in the approaches of Aristotelian philosophy, especially from the hand of the German philosopher Martin Heidegger. Well, along with this return to the study of peripatetic philosophy, a new interest in the philosophy of being of Thomas Aquinas has emerged as a parallel, particularly in his notion of esse ut actus essendi. This has led to various lines of research, sometimes confronted, which have dealt mainly with the question of the Tomasian reception of the notion of being and the aspects involved in it. In this work we will try to make known some important aspects of this reception, as well as of those different lines of interpretation confronted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Storage of incubating eggs is a normal and important practice after egg collection from the poultry house and often a necessity in hatchery management. However, egg storage duration and storage environmental conditions can affect egg quality and hatching parameters. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of egg storage duration on egg quality, hatching parameters, and post-hatch performance of meat-type ducks. A total of 756 eggs were collected from a 32 weeks old breeder duck flock. Before incubation, the eggs were divided into three groups and were stored for 2, 7 or 14 d. At the end of the storage period, 7 eggs per treatment were examined to assess egg quality traits. Eggs were incubated for 28 d and hatching parameters were recorded. After hatching, the ducklings were reared according to their respective storage duration groups with 4 replicates and 15 birds per pen using a completely randomised design. Results showed that egg weight loss during storage was negatively influenced (p < 0.05) by prolonged duration. Storage of eggs for 14 days resulted in a decrease (p < 0.05) in Haugh unit and albumen weight and adversely affected embryo viability and hatchability. Extended egg storage duration did not affect (p > 0.05) egg weight loss during incubation. Embryo mortality was significantly higher (p < 0.05) for the eggs stored for 14 days. Post-hatch performance revealed that weight gain, feed conversion ratio, liver weight, and leg muscle were negatively affected (p < 0.05) by storage duration. It was concluded that the effect of egg storage duration on hatching trends in ducks are similar to that reported in chickens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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En este artículo, expondré el concepto heideggeriano de phýsis entre los años 1927-30. Este concepto aparece en la doctrina de la Welteingang des Seienden, en el marco de una ‘radicalización de la ontología’, proyecto metafísico que luego hará crisis y llevará a Heidegger a reinterpretar la pregunta por el sentido del ser como pregunta por la verdad del Ser. Mostraré que la cuestión de la phýsis aporta elementos en esa crisis y posterior cambio de enfoque, en el ámbito filosófico-histórico y en el fenomenológico. Mi hipótesis es que el empleo del concepto de phýsis en el contexto de la doctrina de la Welteingang des Seienden es un recurso especulativo que pretende aclarar el sentido en que el ente natural es, pero sin aparecer dentro del mundo, en términos de ‘tránsito’ desde el completo ocultamiento (phýsis) al desocultamiento (alétheia). Esto tendrá consecuencias respecto a la evaluación de la tradición metafísica, entendida como un preguntar por la phýsis en el doble sentido de ente en totalidad y ser de lo ente o esencialidad.

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La influencia de Martin Heidegger en el medio filosófico contemporáneo es indiscutible. Sin embargo, no siempre resulta claro qué significa el que Heidegger comprenda la filosofía como una ontología, esto es, como una interrogación por el ser. Con miras a esclarecer esto, y por lo general empleando un vocabulario distinto al de Heidegger, el presente artículo ofrece la interpretación de su filosofía como una forma no positiva de investigación ontológica. Esto es, como un desarrollo de la pregunta por el ser que rechaza toda tentativa de respuesta. Para ello se analizan dos aspectos estructurales del pensamiento de Heidegger: su objeto (el ser del ente) y su condición (que haya cosa y que ésta de alguna manera se estropee).

El presente artículo indaga sobre el poder dinámico y causal del ente finito. Busca fundamentar el accionar del mismo desde su estructura metafísica dando así razón de su causalidad. En este sentido el estudio se desarrolla en el ámbito de lo que santo Tomas de Aquino ha llamado filosofía primera que es, dentro de la disciplina sapiencial, la perspectiva que investiga sobre las diversas especies de causas, como aquellas que dan mayor certeza al conocimiento, y esto con principal acento en la causalidad eficiente y final. El matiz mencionado tiene su fundamento en el ente como sujeto-objeto de la metafísica y lleva en sí la proyección a la teología filosófica como aquella parte de la sabiduría que se dedica a estudiar la causa primera de todo lo real.

Trataremos da questão acerca do ser no pensamento do filósofo Martin Heidegger na sua famosa obra: Ser e Tempo. Ser, debatido e analisado por inúmeros outros pensadores, é um dos principais pilares da filosofia heideggeriana. Ser mostra-se na tradição como conceito complexo e ao mesmo tempo usual, comum e cotidiano. Ser, segundo Heidegger, deveria significar o ponto central no debate da tradição filosófica, mas sempre permaneceu como conceito obscurecido e velado. Heidegger pretende retomar e esclarecer a questão do ser, tendo como ponto de partida a existência humana, o ente privilegiado em seu modo de ser e existir

Trataremos da questão acerca do ser no pensamento do filósofo Martin Heidegger na sua famosa obra: Ser e Tempo. Ser, debatido e analisado por inúmeros outros pensadores, é um dos principais pilares da filosofia heideggeriana. Ser mostra-se na tradição como conceito complexo e ao mesmo tempo usual, comum e cotidiano. Ser, segundo Heidegger, deveria significar o ponto central no debate da tradição filosófica, mas sempre permaneceu como conceito obscurecido e velado. Heidegger pretende retomar e esclarecer a questão do ser, tendo como ponto de partida a existência humana, o ente privilegiado em seu modo de ser e existir, o Dasein.

Traducción del francés de La constitution de l’étant dans le thomisme contemporain: Tomas Tyn, Johann Baptist Lotz, Cornelio Fabro, publicado originalmente en M. Raffray (Dir.), Actus essendi. Saint Thomas d’Aquin et ses interprètes. Parole et Silence, Paris, 2019, pp. 369-433, estudio en el que se analiza cómo fue entendida la metafísica tomista según los mencionados autores.

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The aim of the study was to determine the effect of dietary antioxidant supplementation to ducks kept under constant high environmental temperature (30 ± 1°C for 24 h per day during days 14 to 42 d) on their antioxidant status, rectal temperature, production parameters, nutrient digestibility and the chemical composition of their meat. Fourteen days old mixed-sex Cherry Valley type hybrid ducks were randomly placed into three experimental groups, each containing 20 birds in 5 replicates. This was repeated two times and in total 900 ducks was used. Ducks were housed in a high environmental temperature room (HT: constant 30 ± 1°C for 24 h, relative humidity 62 ± 5%) during 28 days. The three experimental diets (T1, T2, T3) were maize-soybean meal based. T1 was a control diet only with premix. T2 and T3 had differently increased concentration of Vitamin E, C, selenium and zinc (T2: 540 mg/kg, 998 mg/kg, 0.60 mg/kg, 97 mg/kg and T3: 1540 mg/kg, 1996 mg/kg, 0.90 mg/kg, 148 mg/kg) respectively. It was concluded that the digestibility of crude protein and dry matter, the rectal temperature and the chemical composition of duck breast and leg meat were not affected (P > 0.05) by dietary treatments under heat stress. However, several production parameters (feed intake, live weight at 14 d and 42 d, daily weight gain; feed conversion ratio) and serum antioxidant capacity (malondialdehyde, superoxide-dismutase, antioxidant capacity of water- and lipid-soluble compounds, glutathione-peroxidase) of 14-42 day old ducks were significantly improved (P < 0.05) with antioxidant supplementations (T2, T3). The improved antioxidant capacity of the serum in the T2 and T3 groups thus led to an increase in duck performance under heat stress. Based on the present results, at high environmental temperature in the summer we recommend using T2 (Vitamin E: 540 mg/kg diet, Vitamin C: 998 mg/kg diet, Se: 0.60 mg/kg diet and Zn: 97 mg/kg diet) supplementation in practical duck nutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the key concepts that has survived throughout the history of philosophical thought has been, without a doubt, that of entity. Through it, some philosophers who have had a notable role in the birth of metaphysics as a first science, have built a worldview of reality placing it at the center of its philosophy. Étienne Gilson, asserting the Noetic role of Christian Revelation, dedicated part of his teaching to the study of how it has played a decisive role in the metaphysical understanding of being. The biblical text of Ex. 3, 14 helped the history of metaphysics to put being as the foundation of essence, and not the opposite as, according to Gilson, Greek thought did. In short, from this delicate relationship between essence and being is born an adequate explanation or not of what we can call an understanding of reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Legal representation is a juridical instrument that allows its possessors, by virtue of the law, to act in the name and stead of another. Legal representation is applied to juridical persons in relation to the power to officially represent an entity by someone who, based on the law or the statutes of the entity, has received the function of externalising this will in a juridically binding manner. The article examines the various aspects of the question and some of the principal problems associated with it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Abstract: This year marks the 128th anniversary of the birth of Kahlil Gibran, who was born in 1883, and died tragically at the early age of 48. Few writers are in a position to speak as directly and resonantly to our times as Gibran was. A man of broad human sympathy for all creation, he held a passionate belief in the unity of mankind. His message of peace and reconciliation is more timely and more sorely needed than ever as relations between Christian, Muslim and Jew, between East and West, become ever more pressing matters of concern. Keywords: Kahlil Gibran, East-West relations, Club of Rome, dialogue for con ict resolution, understanding between cultures and religions, spiritual revolution. Título en español: El duradero legado de Kahlil Gibran. Resumen: Este año marca el 128 aniversario del nacimiento de Kahlil Gibran, nacido en 1883 y fallecido trágicamente a la temprana edad de 48 años. Pocos escritores están en posición de dirigirse tan resonantemente a nuestros tiempos como él. Simpatizaba con toda la creación y creía apasionadamente en la unidad de la humanidad. Su mensaje de paz y reconciliación más oportuno y necesario que nunca en estos tiempos en que las relaciones entre cristianos, musulmanes y judíos, entre oriente y occidente se han convertido en grandes materias de preocupación. Palabras clave: Kahlil Gibran, relaciones oriente-occidente, Club de Roma, diálogo para resolución de conflictos, entendimiento entre culturas y religiones, revolución espiritual.

The aim of the study was to compare the meat traits of Pekin ducks from two strains: A55 of Polish origin and F11 of French origin and their crossbreeds slaughtered at weeks 7 and 8 of age. In total, 240 ducks were used in the study, which were allocated to 6 groups having 40 birds per group as follows: group I - ♂ F11; II - ♂ F11; III - ♂ A55; IV - A55; V - ♂ AF51; VI - AF51. The study revealed that the origin of birds influenced to some extent the body weight during growth. In the early period (day 1-week 2), the highest body weight was found in AF51 birds of both sexes, and the lowest in F11 birds of both sexes. In the later period (week 8 to 7-8), the body weight was highest in ♂ F11, A55, and AF51 crossbreeds, and the lowest in AF51 and A55. Most differences among these groups were significant. Genotype also influenced the pre-slaughter body weight of ducks. For birds slaughtered at week 8 there were no significant inter-group differences in this trait. The origin of ducks had no effect on other traits such as dressing percentage, weight of wings, weight of carcass remains and offal, the weight of muscles and carcass fatness. There were significant differences in the pre-slaughter body weight of F11 and the weight of gutted carcasses in AF51. This indicates that the rearing of ducks may be completed at 7 weeks, since in this study age at slaughter had no significant effect on meat characteristics such as dressing percentage, weight of wings, weight of carcass remains and offal, weight of muscles, and fatness of duck carcasses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper researches the relevance of the ancient word ἐόν on Heidegger's interpretation of the Greek philosophy. The ἐόν is the more fundamental word of the Western tradition, but it was forgotten since the emergence of the basic concepts of Plato-Aristotle's metaphysics. Since the grammatical exegesis to the prehistory of metaphysic (Homer, Anaximander, Parmenides, Heraclitus), Heidegger recovered the signification of the ancient word ἐόν and his result is that the word appears as the common thread of thought of being within the history of being. Heidegger's ontological phenomenology carries out a hermeneutic of the fundamental texts of metaphysical tradition to disclose the phenomenological intuition of being from the word ἐόν, which is the participle of the all participles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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La finalidad del presente escrito consiste en plantear dos tesis respecto de la naturaleza de la metafísica y de su objeto en el marco del pensamiento de Aristóteles, los cuales suponen y certifican a la vez la irreductibilidad de las ontologías platónica y aristotélica. A través de tal planteamiento se tratará de dejar claro que la sustancia aristotélica no es una noción operacional o puramente taxonómica, sino que posee un contenido ontológico propio e invariable, y que en dicho contenido radica la diferencia específica de la ontología aristotélica respecto de la platónica.

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo retomar la temática expuesta por Martín Heidegger, en su artículo “El concepto hegeliano de experiencia”, para rescatar sus reflexiones en el campo de la ontología. Se busca abrir nuevamente la discusión en un mundo metafísico donde se consolida lo que el autor llama “la imagen del mundo”, y donde se considera esta, erróneamente, como la única forma de enfrentarse y apoderarse de la realidad.

Lipid content in duck meat can show a very large variation. It influences the nutritional and sensory attributes of the meat and perhaps it influences meat susceptibility to oxidation during cold storage of fresh or processed meat. By combining the duck genotype (Muscovy duck, Pekin duck and mule) and the nutritional level (ad libitum or overfed) we were able to obtain duck fillets exhibiting a large variation in lipid content and to distribute them into 3 classes (2.0 to 3.5%, 4.0 to 5.5% and 5.9 to 7.9% fat). Storage at +4°C or -20°C of raw meat or at +4°C of dry-cured fillets did neither affect the colour and fatty acid composition of the meat nor its susceptibility to lipid or protein oxidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El siguiente trabajo pretende realizar un análisis en torno a la noción de ens en Cayetano. Sobre todo a partir de dos expresiones que introduce Tomás de Vio y que podrían tener asidero en la letra de Aristóteles; nos referimos a los términos esse essentiae y esse actualis existentiae. También nos detendremos en el origen doctrinal de dichas expresiones y en las consecuencias del uso de las mismas cuando Cayetano interpreta a Tomás de Aquino.

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Considering that it is only possible to understand the being of the Latin American woman overcoming the denial of the being of the entity that she is, the reader will be able to find a reflection from the philosophy of the liberation of E. Dussel in which the ontological denial is evident and women's practice, due to the imposition of a way of being (housewife, sexual object, realization through man, exclusive role of mother and educator of children) from a phallocratic systemic totality. Therefore, if we want to overcome this denial it is necessary to start from the Dusselian analectics to understand that erotic domination is a sociocultural product in Latin America, since the conquest and colonization of this continent brought new ways of to be and being in this territory; to the apprehension of new concepts and premises (the Aristotelian passive potentiality, the Dusselian can-be, Levinasian the let being be) for elucidating the affirmation of the being that has been denied in order to understand it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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El objetivo de este ensayo es presentar una reflexión surgida a partir de la introducción y el primer capítulo del texto Prolegómentos para una historia del concepto de tiempo de Martín Heidegger. Esta reflexión interroga por el estatuto epistemológico de la psicología y por la naturaleza filosófica de su objeto de estudio. Pretende cuestionar los objetos de estudio que se proponen desde su enfoque cientificista a partir de los aportes de Heidegger en torno a la particularidad de las ciencias sociales y a la necesidad de introducir una reflexión preteórica que cuestione por el ente mismo del fenómeno, en este caso, del fenómeno de lo mental.

The aim of this paper is to present a reflection arising from the introduction and first chapter of the text prolegomena to a history of the concept of time by Martin Heidegger. This reflection questions the epistemological status of psychology and the philosophical nature of its object of study. It Intends to question the study objects that are proposed from its scientist approach, a portions of the contributions of Heidegger about the particularity of the social sciences and the need for a pre-theoretical reflection that questions the being itself of the phenomenon, in this case, the phenomenon of mind. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.

Se puede ver en Ser y tiempo el intento de establecer una moral de la autenticidad, pues la vida humana se considera como constante proyectarse hacia adelante, estableciendo metas e intentando cumplirlas a partir de la decisión y de la responsabilidad que surge de la propia comprensión de uno mismo como proyecto individual e intransferible. Pero esta moral de la autenticidad solo sería aceptable para Heidegger si se considerase como fundamento ontológico o metafísico independiente de las verdades, valores o principios que a su vez se utilizarían como criterios para las conductas o comportamientos concretos.

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El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar el marco regulatorio del ente que articula, coordina y, o representa al conjunto de organizaciones cooperativas de un país y, por extensión, al sector de economía social y solidaria. Comprende el estudio de su concepto, antecedentes, sistema, naturaleza, objetivos, miembros, financiamiento, estructura organizativa, sus atribuciones y funciones, así como una relación sucinta de los entes nacionales superiores en Iberoamérica. Recibido: 25 mayo 2014 Aceptado: 30 junio 2014 Publicación en línea: 18 diciembre 2015