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Academic Digital Library is a web-based system that provides access to various academic information and services. This article aims to investigate UiTM Digital Library's efficiency in meeting post-graduate students' needs by correlating their satisfaction with the following predictors: technological and individual factors, digital library engagement, and perceived benefits. The questionnaire was developed based on the instruments used by previous researchers. An online questionnaire was distributed to UiTM Selangor post-graduates, obtaining a sample of 341 respondents. The results of this study indicate that postgraduate students were aware of digital reference services offered by an academic library. The finding also revealed the level of usage and satisfaction regarding digital reference services. The result of this study will enable library management to recognize the usage of digital reference services among students. The findings will help address libraries and encourage students to use digital reference services to seek information effectively and efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 epidemic influenced the student population of the PTAR li-brary on the City Campus of Melaka in a number of ways, one of which was a change in the frequency and volume with which students utilised the campus's information resources. During and after the COVID-19 pandemic, the experiences of one of the University Library branches at UiTM were detailed in this article. Because of the widespread disruption to traditional classroom settings caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of online courses backed by electronic libraries has become increasingly popular. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of physical and digital learning materials, as well as customer satisfaction, in a PTAR library prior to and during the COVID-19 epidemic. Applications, printed materials, documents, and films were the least-used media due to the constraints of working or studying from home, insufficient infrastructure, a lack of working space, and data subscrip-tions or wifi libraries. The global epidemic was considered to have both posi-tive and negative repercussions for academic libraries. It was suggested that the pattern, concept, and styles of modern information resources and facilities be expanded, that the library capitalise on its many open access re-sources, open data, open educational materials, open services, and open re-pository, and that the library acquire electronic devices immediately. This study aims to evaluate the pattern and scope of use of information resource facilities and services at PTAR Melaka City Campus, as well as the use of the digital library platform at the UiTM Melaka City Campus library. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to review and reflect upon the qualitative and quantitative methods applied and lessons learned in the process of completing the project "Creating accessibility and usability of digital library (DL) guidelines to support blind and visually impaired (BVI) users." This study focuses on the following issues: 1) The recruitment of BVI users, scholars/experts, and DL developers and associated challenges and solutions; 2) The use of data collection methods for diverse DL stakeholders and associated challenges and solutions; 3) The application of data analysis techniques and associated challenges and solutions. It is a challenge to recruit large numbers of BVI participants, and it is an effective approach to establish connections with trusted organizations and institutions - particularly BVI-related organizations - to promote the studies. Multiple data collection methods (questionnaires, think-aloud protocols, transaction logs, diaries, interviews, and focus groups) were used throughout the research project. As BVI users utilize screen readers to understand DL interfaces and simultaneously express their actions and thoughts, the challenge associated with think-aloud protocols can be resolved by offering orientation training and clear instructions. Both quantitative and qualitative data analysis methods were used throughout the project. Descriptive analysis is the most commonly employed quantitative method since statistical analysis cannot be performed due to small sample size. For qualitative analysis, it is critical for sighted researchers to understand BVI users by collaborating with blind researchers and carefully reviewing the video and transcript data to enhance the open coding process. Future research on the methodology applied in BVI-related studies is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The field of library science has gone through a significant transformation because of the World Wide Web (WWW). Traditional libraries are becoming digital and virtual due to their accessibility and desire to preserve information for future generations. The goal of the study, discussed in this article, is to increase public knowledge of Karnataka Digital Public Library (KDPL). The data has been obtained from KDPL’s website. A total of 11,33,396 items are now available in the digital library, including 10,63,044 e-books and films, 63,150 e-Journals, 344 simulation labs, and 6858 exams. The first digital public library in the nation was established by the Karnataka Government under the Karnataka Digital Public Library programme. The numbers show that Bengaluru urban leads the pack with 1,21,70,940 customers, followed by Haveri in second place with 22,28,442 subscribers, following Mangaluru (21,44,694), Mysuru (17,25,417), Gadag district (16,89,458), and Kalaburagi (16,69,874). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The library, as an institution providing access to knowledge, information, and resources of public significance, plays an indispensable role in satisfying the educational and cultural needs of society. To meet the users' needs, the library must continuously adapt to changes in time, technology, and society. For this reason, the library must have a creative, flexible, and agile identity. An agile approach involves a quick and efficient response to user demands, and it also implies teamwork, constant communication, and the development of new library work concepts, which are integral to the creative economy. Although the methodology of agile management has improved teamwork, many face fear of failure and the drastic changes that this approach entails. Within this paper, a case study of the Subotica City Library (hereinafter referred to as SCL) is presented, which has implemented agile management in its operations to enhance its library practices. SCL applies a multifunctional and team strategy that enables the development of collaborative library work and the digitization of local cultural heritage. This strategy involves the creation of a program that encourages creative thinking, improvement, collaborative work in the library, and the digitization of local collections, using agile management that emphasizes the value of collaboration and research within libraries. This paper aims to explore the importance, advantages, and position of agile management in libraries, using the example of SCL. In addition to the theoretical aspect, this paper also focuses on practical library work and the digitization of SCL's cultural heritage using agile management methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to determine the requirements and find out the challenges for the use of digital library services for rural areas of Capricorn District Municipality, Limpopo province. The research questions of the study are: What are the requirements for the use of digital library services in rural areas of Capricorn District Municipality? What are the challenges of accessing digital library services in rural areas? Design/methodology/approach: Data was analysed thematically and deductively in this study, as researcher required to accomplish the purpose of the study through consistent structure (Zalaghi and Khazaei, 2016). In deductive analysis, the researcher starts with a set of categories, which are then used to categorize and organize data (Bertram and Christiansen, 2020). The researcher got familiar with data from the interviewing process and when transcribing data from audio tape. The transcription process was done for the coding purposes. Coding allows the researcher to simplify and focus on specific characteristics of data. Findings: The study findings advocate for the establishment of digital libraries in rural areas. The library authorities are challenged to adapt digital ways of information provision. Since librarians have been providing digital content in libraries for use on users' laptops and other gadgets, this implies that the Department of Sport, Arts and Culture has been lagging behind in finding innovative ways to provide information, especially in rural areas. To successfully keep libraries as sources of information, transformative measures have to be taken, and where possible, revisit the policies and keep drifting with the societal changes. The library authorities have to delve into new ways of providing LIS to the communities. Unquestionably, information and communication technologies have penetrated our societies and became a way of life. In addition, there are unlimited benefits which can be derived from digital technologies, especially given the lack of physical libraries in rural areas. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, the academic research is original and has not been published anywhere before. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Italian Central State Archive has recently created a system, called the Digital Library, for the management and access to all its databases, to all digital or digitized inventories, as well as to all digital collections, created as part of previous projects or in progress with important new digitization campaigns. The contribution illustrates its structure, functions and prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - This paper describes the possibilities of using assistive software to efficiently create image datasets from digital library documents. The software described, in addition to the usual ways of working with data, uses machine learning features that have the potential to both make the work of annotators easier and to change annotation practices. At the same time, the emphasis is on simplicity and openness of the whole process. The aim is to highlight these elements through practical examples. Design / methodology / approach - After an introductory section, the possibilities for selecting and separating data from digital library documents are presented. At the same time, the limitations of these approaches are pointed out. Based on these insights, possible approaches and the use of assistive software are then explored in order to overcome these limits. The methods are described based on the practical use of the software in the annotation process. The validation of the machine learning features is performed using, among others, the visualization technique Class Activation Mapping and the F-score metric. Results - The described approaches and the use of assistive software with machine learning features proved to be very beneficial. The software not only makes the work of the annotators easier but also considerably faster and more accurate. The versatility of the tested machine learning model also proved to be a great positive, allowing to extend the annotation processes beyond the initially assumed use and thus giving room for further research in this area. Originality / value - The technical paper highlights possible approaches to use assistive software to facilitate the creation of datasets for documents with a limited number of identifiers, such as a digital library, without the need for commercial tools. It also shows practical examples of how machine learning can be used to make these processes more efficient. Examples of how these processes can be used universally are also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study provides a web-based view of the University library website in India. The study intended to gain some insight into the user access and usability of the University Library website. The University library website is an access point for libraries in this digital era. This Covid-19 pandemic affected the Library usage pattern drastically. The library website gives the user access to library resources and services. Information Architecture examines the flow of Information on a website. A good website has a user-friendly information design and does not just focus on website appearance- 'looks'. The research design involved 40 participants at a given time and space. Testing was conducted on the Bangalore University library website using the post-graduate students studying at the University. The Usability testing was conducted to test the navigation through the Library website. A demographic study of the test subjects was also used to understand the needs and evaluate the homepage of the Bangalore University Library, Bangalore (BUBL) website. User experience and usability of the BUBL website were tested using a set of tasks performed by the library users. The study found the trust level of the BUBL website to be high in users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digital transformation of libraries is the theme of the paper which is divided into two parts: the hybrid library and the library of the future. Based on an extensive analysis of the literature, especially centered on German-language libraries, the digital transformation of libraries is described. The first part analyzes the innovation in the concept of the hybrid library. The second part outlines the future of libraries presented as an evolution of current trends of distributed collections and data curation. In conclusion, the new role of librarians is described as "embedded" in the user research workflow and interconnected in an ongoing dialogue with users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bibliotheken stellen bereits seit einigen Jahren ihre bibliografischen Metadaten als Linked Open Data zur Verfügung. Die Idee dahinter ist, Daten aus verschiedenen Quellen und Formaten (Datensilos), die derzeit nicht oder nur schwer zugänglich sind, in möglichst einheitlicher Form miteinander zu verknüpfen. Dieser Artikel fasst die aktuellen Entwicklungen zusammen und es werden die vier grundlegenden Möglichkeiten, Linked Open Data zu veröffentlichen, miteinander verglichen. Abschließend werden die Initiativen der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek auf diesem Gebiet vorgestellt. Libraries are opening their bibliographic metadata as linked open data. The idea behind is to harmonise heterogeneous data sources (data silos) of different origin to improve their accessibility and interoperability. This article summarises relevant developments in this area and compares the four options to provide linked open data. Finally, the initiatives of the Austrian National Library in this area are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term "Digital Humanities (DH)" suggests a sub-field of the humanities that makes the ideal utilisation of digital media, as well as the practices and instructions that are naturally associated with it, to explore a broad spectrum of topics. This sub-field is fast developing an increasingly significant sphere of academic research. The conversion to digital has brought about a considerable transformation to several underlying library services, and one of the most fundamental examples of a field where a basic foundation of digital skills can be used to promote the development of an emerging discipline is the field of digital humanities. In the past, only a few studies on digital humanities were conducted. There was a disparity in the amount of research done on the role of librarians concerning digital humanities libraries. This article presents a comprehensive review of previous literature on "Digital Humanities and Libraries," which included contributions from a diverse range of authors. These factors include the origins and history of DH and libraries, as well as the current state of DH and libraries. The theory and concepts of digital humanities as a field of study are examined, as well as the potential mapping of these theories and concepts to traditional university library collections and services. The research concluded that effective cultural heritage digital initiatives are best carried out through the formation of constructive partnerships between DH scholars and community groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linking quality information within an electronic medical record or patient electronic record is not a new concept to health sciences librarians. Over time LATCH (Literature Attached to the Chart), InfoButtons, Clinical-e, Digital Libraries, Ask-A-Librarian, and MyChart information links have brought access by librarians to information resources within the electronic and patient health records. Bringing information to the fingertips of the patient care team members and patients and their families builds health literacy. It offers the opportunity to learn and make informed decisions about diagnostic tests, diseases and conditions, drugs and other therapies. This column highlights these electronic enhancements and the partnerships the health science librarians had with IS departments to bring these to fruition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper compared and contrasted the open access (OA) self-archiving policies of different organizations registered in OpenDOAR, ROAR and ROARMAP databases. It highlights and discusses key policies along with several issues to suggest an institute-specific model policy framework in the line of recommendations and best practises of IDRs (Institutional Digital Repositories) listed in global tertiary sources in green open access ROARMAP, OpenDOAR and ROAR. This paper focuses on IDR policy issues concerning rights, access, and user interfaces. A total of 66 repositories have been selected after overlap checking and based on the selection parameters mentioned in the methodology section. It has been discovered that most IDRs lack policies in the four areas mentioned. Several policy issues are missing, and some of the policy issues used by these repositories are still being developed and improved. Based on the study, some suggestions for the development of IDR policies have been made. It has implications for administrators, funding agencies, policymakers, and professional librarians in developing repository policies of their own. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reading list systems are widely used in tertiary education as a pedagogical tool and for tracking copyrighted material. This article explores the make-up of reading lists across a whole university. We investigated the experience of academics and librarians when creating reading lists. A mixed-method approach was employed in which we performed a transaction log analysis on reading lists at a single university, from 2016 to 2020. A questionnaire was then answered by both academics and academic liaison librarians about their experience with reading lists. The results of our analysis found that uptake of reading lists varies widely between different academic disciplines. Academic engagement with reading lists was found to show only incremental growth over time, and overall satisfaction by academics with the reading list system was low. We explore implications for reading lists implemented through digital Libraries and recommend developing discipline-specific support to increase reading list numbers and to integrate pedagogical features to increase academic buy-in. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital libraries are established to meet the demands of students who are ever in need of information which are current, updated and available at a go, to satisfy their academic needs. However, in spite of the benefits accrued to the use of digital library, postgraduate students, hardly make meaningful use of digital libraries probably because of lack required information which could be made available if digital libraries collaborate with other digital libraries. The study therefore investigates library cooperation and use of digital library by postgraduate students in selected universities in South-west, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study comprised 29,017 postgraduate students and 363 library personnel in 12 universities in Southwest, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted to draw a sample size of 385 from the postgraduate population, while simple random technique with a sampling fraction of 50% was used to draw a sample size of 182 from the library personnel population. The predominant purpose of digital library use by postgraduate students in the selected universities is for examination preparation (... = 3.36) and to complete assignment (... = 3.29). There is a low frequency of digital library use by the postgraduate students. The prominent area of library cooperation among the digital libraries was Inter-library lending (... = 3.43). The study identified erratic power supply (... = 3.25), slow internet speed (... = 3.15) and inaccessibility of some websites (... = 3.13), as some predominant challenges to digital library use by the postgraduate students. There is a weak, positive but not statistically significant relationship between library cooperation and digital library use by postgraduate students (r = .146, P > 0.05). Library cooperation influences the use of digital library by postgraduate students. Libraries should prioritise investment in collaborating with other institutions and stakeholders to share best practices, develop common standards, and promote interoperability of digital resources, as this can help to improve the quality and availability of digital resources and facilitate access to resources across different institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital repositories play a crucial role in organizing and preserving vast collections of digital content. Efficiently ingesting large amounts of data into these repositories is a common challenge faced by institutions. This paper explores the use of bulk upload techniques in DSpace, an open-source digital repository software, to streamline the ingestion process and enhance repository management. We discuss the benefits of bulk upload in terms of time savings, metadata consistency, and scalability. Additionally, we delve into the technical aspects of implementing bulk upload in DSpace, covering the Simple Archive Format (SAF), metadata mapping, and handling of digital files. Furthermore, we highlight real-world examples and best practices for utilizing bulk upload in DSpace. By adopting this approach, institutions can significantly improve their efficiency in managing and preserving digital content, ensuring a seamless user experience, and facilitating knowledge dissemination. Here, an experimental method of research/case study technique is utilized to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the design model for implementation of the bulk uploading of documents in Dspace at Bennett University is practiced. The feedback is gathered in order to identify the flaws and make the necessary improvements. Simple Archive Format (SAF) is a utility that converts Bitstream/Content files plus a metadata.csv file into a Simple Archive Format package, making bulk uploads to the DSpace repository simple. All question papers were digitized using a high-quality scanner, an Excel file with Dublin core information was created, and Excel was converted to CSV format in order to import all old question papers in bulk into the Bennett University Digital Repository Services. The study indicates that it is essential to pay close attention to the precise format of metadata leveraging the Dublin core and the file's location. It is an experiment conducted by the Bennett University Library and the research was confined to Bennett University digital repository. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Medical librarians support curriculum and research by delivering appropriate and high-quality information and facilities to students and faculty members. COVID-19 pandemic disrupted physical teaching and learning worldwide endorsing virtual education which was supported by digital information resources. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent of utilization of physical and digital learning resources along with customer satisfaction in a health science library before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An online self-administered questionnaire was administered using Microsoft Forms to students and faculty members. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24. Qualitative variables were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. A Chi-square test was carried out to compare customers' satisfaction with the utilization of information resources before and during the pandemic. A p-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: A total of 230 participants were included in the study. The library was visited by 18.7% and 26.1% of customers daily, and weekly respectively before the COVID-19 pandemic. However, none of them used the library daily during a pandemic, while digital library usage increased during this time. A significant reduction in the level of customers' satisfaction was observed with the physical library services in coronavirus outbreaks compared to satisfaction before the pandemic, p=0.028. Participants were satisfied with the utilization of digital library services during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period, p=0.024. Conclusion: The use of digital libraries surged during the pandemic resulting in a rapid adaptation of electronic books and journals. Librarians' have played a vital role in the current catastrophe by improving awareness of stakeholders regarding e-resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine how the usage and understanding of open-source digital repositories affect measurements. This paper examines a DSpace and EPrints case study at Fiji National University. The idea of a digital repository is essential in research communities. Facilitating research in an open-access setting is essential. Open-access digital library software such as DSpace, EPrints, and Greenstone can address these problems. In contrast, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has fundamentally changed how individuals' access and engage with information. Since they provide accurate and up-to-date information and support an academic institution's primary objective, digital sources of information have become crucial to the current library collections in the academic environment. Nevertheless, as information and communication technology (ICT) has advanced, how individuals' access and engage with information has seen a revolutionary change, and the phrase "digital library" has proliferated throughout the library community. The effects of the pandemic, namely restrictions, closures, and other lockdown measures implemented to keep people safe and make it difficult or impossible to visit many locations and cultural events, have become increasingly evident with the advanced use of digital repositories in university libraries. Despite this, the epidemic has raised users' and researchers' awareness of digital access, making it more straightforward for people to obtain information, services, and other material resources online without considering the physical requirement to visit these places. Technological breakthroughs have caused significant changes in modern culture. The sharing and preserving of information, which has substantial worth and will last for decades, is essential for a generation's legacy. To gain skills for this software, professionals in the library and information science (LIS) area have gone through training on a variety of platforms. Universities and organizations can access digital research and educational materials thanks to the most popular institutional repository software products, DSPACE and EPrints. Other institutional repository software programs are available, subsequently, more original content in digital formats is produced and never released through conventional channels. Institutions and universities need to maintain their valuable assets. The purpose of this study is to examine the outcomes of increasing librarians awareness and use of DSpace and EPrints, two open-source digital repositories, as well as the value of training workshops for librarians at the Fiji National University. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examined administration and management of digital libraries: an overview. The concept management was clearly defined and explained in the context of the work; thereafter the term digital library was explained succinctly as an age that is characterized by efficient and effective conversion, storage, diffusion and dissemination of data to users. The various services that are performed in the digital environment were listed as follows: Circulation Services (Reader Services); Serial Services; Electronic Library Services; Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) Services. Social Media. In the context of this study, some difficulties that prevent a digital library from operating smoothly include: Librarians lacking the necessary abilities to successfully handle these services; inadequate cash provided by the university administration to purchase the required equipment; attitude issue with librarians still favoring the traditional method of service delivery over change; Lack of maintenance culture: Lack of maintenance culture is one of the biggest challenges to maintaining university libraries in the digital world. This attribute is not only associated with libraries but also with the Nigerian government and elites. The management of university libraries in digital libraries becomes challenging without the maintenance culture spirit; Insecurity in the face of advancing information technology: Confidence is necessary for managing people and physical resources efficiently in university libraries. The library manager must be up to date on contemporary advances in order to manage university libraries in a digital environment with strong confidence. In the face of advancing information technology, many librarians lack confidence; No clearly defined ICT Policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to explore the realm of literature about personalization of digital library services. This paper focuses on users' unique needs and will identify different types of personalized services. Therefore, this study has identified different types of services personalization in the context of digital academic libraries. Design/methodology/approach: In this research, the systematic review method has been used to obtain the relevant indicators of different types of personalization in the context of libraries. To explain basic indicators, a Delphi method has been used. The Delphi panel's members consisted of 15 experts (faculty members, researchers, professional users and software designers). A purposeful sampling and the Delphi fulfillment process were performed in three rounds. After collecting data, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), inferential statistics (binomial distribution test) and the Kendall coordination coefficient were used to determine the consensus rate among experts. Findings: A total of 103 indicators were extracted for different types of personalization through a systematic literature review. Of these, 90 indicators were considered significant in the experts' view. Generally, content personalization, interactive personalization, collaborative personalization and information retrieval personalization are the main components of personalization types, each of which has its own indicators. Originality/value: This study has dealt with the issue of what is personalized in the context of digital academic library. The findings should be helpful and effective in the development of a holistic view on personalization of services in digital libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Goal. The paper presents the project The Local History Digital Library of the Primorsko-Goranska County, whose initiator and coordinator is the Rijeka City Library, and which undoubtedly represents a logical continuation of the functional connecting of public and school libraries in Primorsko-Goranska County. Approach/methodology. The project was implemented through several phases. In the first phase, we established a shared repository on the Indigo platform. Then the files and metadata were migrated from SVeVid, the digital library of the Rijeka City Library, using the Omeka system to the new system with a more complex metamodel. The Mali Lošinj digital library, which had already been digitized and prepared for publication on the platform Indigo, was also placed in the same repository. In the second phase, the digital collections of the Crikvenica City Library and the Viktor Car Emin City Library in Opatija, were also migrated from the Omeka system, and the functionalities of the Portal itself have been refined. At the same time, the existing local history periodicals of the Rijeka City Library, that had already been digitized, were also placed in the repository, as well as the other materials that were digitized in the meantime. In the following stages, the valuable local history material stored in public and school libraries of the Primorsko-Goranska County will be gradually digitized and uploaded on the portal. The results. The Local History Digital Library of the Primorsko-Goranska County was established as a digital repository on the Indigo platform that enables storage and standardization processing of the library material and its presentation, as well as creation of additional content. Each library included in the project has its own web page on the portal, with the possibility of searching the entire content of the repository or exclusively the content included in the digital collection of a specific library. In addition to the local history part, the portal also contains an informative section that includes the newsletters of the local and regional self-government units that the Rijeka City Library receives as the county legal deposit copies, and for which the consent for publication has been obtained from the copyright holder. Originality/value. The project "Local History Digital Library of the Primorsko-Goranska County" is innovative in its a pproach because the targeted area for the project is not just one library, but the entire jurisdiction of the county central library (Rijeka City Library), whereby one union repository contains several digital libraries from different institutions. This project can serve as a model for similar projects in other environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. This paper aims to consider the concept and perception of digital transformation on the example of the Bogdan Ogrizović Library and Reading Room in Zagreb, which represents one of the key focal points of the social and cultural life of the city of Zagreb. Approach/methodology/design. The paper presents the results of a research conducted using a quantitative research method with the help of a survey on a convenient sample of respondents. Results. The conducted research has confirmed the hypothesis that the users perceive changes in the library's services and holdings caused by the changes in information and communication technology, which is one of the manifestations and tools of digital transformation with regard to library's operations and the users' perception of the library. More than half of the respondents stated that they perceive the library equally in terms of library materials, space, and services. In each of these categories, the respondents perceive the library most through library materials, then somewhat less as a space, and least through services. The users see the library of the near future as an institution that provides a combined service: in digital and paper format, which indicates a balanced approach to library development and implies that the digital sphere will not abolish the paper one, at least not in the near future. The librarians are also expected to possess not only the professional knowledge, but also communication and IT skills. In general, the respondents are aware of the existing changes in the library, but they expect additional changes, new contents and services in the digital form. Limitations. The results of the research are limited by the number of respondents and the sample and cannot be generalized to the entire population of users of the City of Zagreb Library network (which also includes the Bogdan Ogrizović Library and Reading Room). Despite this fact, the research results are an important indicator of changes in public libraries under the influence of information and communication technology, which requires continuous research. Practical application. The results of the research can be applied when creating strategic and operational (annual) work plans of the public library where the research was conducted, as well as in other public libraries. Social significance. The results of the conducted research provide an insight into the work of one of the most popular public libraries in Zagreb, which contributes to better knowledge of the work of public libraries in general and their greater visibility in society. Originality/value. The paper presents the original results of the research on public library users in a period of great economic and social changes in which libraries also participate by (digitally) transforming their services, thus trying to attract new users, primarily the younger generation who are increasingly oriented towards digital media on the Internet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the pandemic, a consortium of libraries in the Milan area (Italy) interviewed the community and applied sentiment analysis to quickly understand the community's feelings toward online services. The model compares both sentiment analysis and topic detection using algorithms that identify sentiments and topics. The results highlight the preference for paper books but the interest in learning more about digital services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Libraries of today are not just a place to consult books and other pedagogical materials but have completely transformed into a space where users can interact, create, and collaborate. Library and information centres are creating spaces called makerspaces in this digital transformation era, whereby researchers work together and share ideas in their various areas of specialisation. Makerspace are relatively new phenomena that create a collaborative and innovative environment for individuals to work on projects and learn about emerging technologies. Technology-centred makerspaces are increasingly being built in academic libraries, typically featuring high-tech machines and software that facilitate creation and design. This study investigated the creation and adoption of technology-centred makerspaces in academic libraries and the impact that makerspaces have on academic innovation. The study utilized literature review analyzed secondary data from articles, journals, periodicals, and publications to identify the need to design makerspaces, what is required in setting up a makerspace, and how academic libraries utilize makerspaces. The benefits accrued from makerspaces, barriers to effective adoption of these spaces, factors enabling adoption of makerspaces, and the state-of-the-art facilities offered by the library were also explored in this study. It is recommended that library management should not hesitate to establish makerspaces in their respective academic libraries, as this will aid in promoting knowledge-sharing, collaboration, creativity, and innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Risk assessment according to ISO 31000 standard is a systematic and logical process that includes identification, analysis and measurement. The risk identification process involves determining the type and source of potential risks. Risk analysis involves determining the estimated level of risks in terms of indices such as the probability and potential consequences of the risk. The measurement involves comparing the estimated levels of risks with respect to the analysis criteria and eventually the risk ranking. The present study aims to assess (identify, analyze and measure) the risks of professional expertise of human resources at digital libraries according to ISO 31000 standard. Methods: The present research is an applied nature and to implement it, survey and analytic methods have been applied with Shannon Entropy to weight risks and fuzzy TOPSIS to evaluate them. Primarily the most important risks were identified using the relevant resources and the results of previous researches, a process which led to the formulation of a questionnaire consisting of 38 items. First the demographic characteristics were described and the central statistical indices (mean and median) as well as the dispersion index (standard deviation) were examined. Next, using the weighted average index to the criteria defined by Shannon's entropy method and their application in TOPSIS software, positive and negative ideal options were determined. In the risk assessment stage, risks were prioritized by comparing the distance of each one from the positive and negative ideal options. The content validity and reliability equals 0.955 according to Cronbach's alpha test. Findings: 18 professional expertise risks were identified. Risk of having the necessary knowledge about semantic web languages and tools with the minimum distance from the positive ideal point by the value (0.0103) and the maximum distance from the negative ideal point by the value (0.104), and the maximum coefficient close to (0.9103) ranked first. It means that this risk has the closest distance to the ideal positive point and is the most important. Risk of employees' ability to provide digital reference services ranked 18th with the minimum distance from the negative ideal (0.0114) and the maximum distance from the positive ideal (0/1043), and the minimum proximity coefficient (0.0982). That is, it has the maximum distance from the positive ideal option and is the least important. Conclusions: Among the 18 risks of professional expertise of human resources at digital libraries identified, the risk of "having the necessary knowledge about semantic web languages and tools" is the first priority. This reveals that the human resources of academic digital libraries are not in a good position in terms of up-to-date knowledge and modern information technologies and the semantic web that underlies ontologies and linked data, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Digital Library on Green Mobility (DLGM) aims to provide a platform for sharing ideas, knowledge, and documents among stakeholders of various organisations and institutions involved in Low Carbon Transport in India.1 It offers full-text access to national and state-level policies, regulations, reports, articles, books, standards, case studies, etc., on green mobility. Following a case study approach, the study highlights the process of developing a knowledge-sharing platform and the success of DLGM in meeting critical objectives. The usage trend and user behaviour of DLGM were also analysed to draw inferences to improve website usability. We briefly discuss how different insights from DLGM can be obtained to benefit a diverse set of stakeholders, such as policymakers, practitioners, private companies, and researchers, for evidence-based gap identification, decision-making, and way forward in various green mobility topics. The study contributes to the original findings based on users' and website accessibility surveys undertaken by authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Research support services (RSS) is an emerging and popular area in university libraries, whose increasing importance has been well documented since the early 2010s. This study aims to identify the status of RSS provided in the university libraries of Pakistan and to compare the results with relevant international studies. The research also reports on the perception of librarians regarding the application of RSS in Pakistani university libraries. Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative survey was conducted of the chief librarians/head librarians working in the 175 university libraries of Pakistan. A structured questionnaire was designed and pre-tested with national and international research experts, faculty members and library professionals. SPSS was used to calculate descriptive statistics. Results of the study were compared with previous literature from an international perspective. Findings: Results of the study indicated that most of the university libraries are providing basic RSS and that they have good collections of both general and subject-specific works to meet the needs of researchers. Most respondents not only were interested in providing RSS but also emphasized that libraries should upgrade their collection to meet researchers' requirements. However, results of the study also indicated that there was noticeably less support for both the more advanced and newer research support services. Practical implications: Because the delivery of RSS enables libraries to help meet a university's strategic research goals, the findings will be of interest to university library and information science executives, policymakers and administration. The suggested recommendations highlight those service areas which are most in need of improvement. Originality/value: This research provides an updated perspective on the delivery of research support services by university libraries in Pakistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digital library has gained significant importance in recent years as it provides a more suitable solution to access the knowledge or resources available anywhere and at any time. National Digital Library of India (NDLI) is a digital platform that provides access to substantial digital storage of resources and encourages and inspires learning among the nation's people. This study aimed to analyze the awareness of the National Digital Library of India (NDLI) among the students, teachers and research scholars of India and tried to assess its utilization and backdrops for further improvement. The empirical study was conducted in India, and the primary data were collected using Google Forms. Snowball sampling was used to collect data from 384 respondents, including students, research scholars and teachers. The study detected that the overall level of awareness of NDLI was low (39.3%) among the different groups, and students had the lowest (50.2%) level of awareness among other groups of respondents comparatively. A strong association was seen to exist between educational qualification and respondents' level of awareness. Apart from these, the users found the NDLI app useful; 54% of respondents were able to access the required content using the app and 71% of the users rated 'good' the app's performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As we know, it is possible to have a more practical and productive result if skills and habits are formed and developed in various applications of knowledge. In this process, the dialectic unity of knowledge, skills and habits acts as an important factor in ensuring optimality and determining development. Skills are more related to job position, workplace. One is irrelevant without the other. Taking into account the high dynamics of the development of digital activity, we can say that these skills are of vital importance. The interdisciplinary nature of skills, that is, the content or semantic load of skills, can span several different subject areas. The need for constant updating of digital skills is a result of the rapid development of technological equipment and information systems. As a rule, competitiveness factors of mobility and skills to be combined in virtual space to solve common problems across administrative and international borders exist and are developing with an increasing trend. The role of international standards, in which a comprehensive system is formed by the world community, which provides products and processes with "openness" features, is growing and forms the unique laws of information technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This study focuses on presenting the state of university libraries in Yemen, drawing upon observational research and in-depth interviews with 4 key university leaders, 12 teaching education program (TEP) chairpersons, 9 college deans, 6 vice-deans, 20 teaching professors, and 34 teacher training students within one higher education institution. The observational research has also covered five libraries of three private universities and two state ones. The findings outline the challenges faced by library users: the presence of traditional libraries, traditional resources and services, and the implementation of new policy. The study highlights the urgent need to redesign libraries, to increase libraries' budgets, and to establish digital resources and services, as well as a national library association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Based on the investigation of the position of user service for constructing digital libraries in the big data era, this paper points out that not only data resources of modern digital library have the characteristics of big data, but also the existing library services need to use big data methods to achieve reform and innovation, including resource transferring, resource utilization, social identity, thinking innovation. We focus on the importance of user services and types of big data resources that digital libraries can utilize, which include big data within libraries such as user behavior data and digital literature resource, and other big data outside libraries such as scholarly big data. We also examine the problems and potential of digital libraries in the age of big data relative to data, technology, services, and users. Using existing big data resources and considering the characteristics of current users' needs from the perspective of users, more effective ideas and methods to improve existing services in digital library can be put forward. At the same time, it is the personalized need of users in the age of big data that constitute the driving factor for the development of digital library from resource-sharing service to user-oriented service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an educational research carried out with the aim of generating information on the use of the SolarSPELL Digital Library, as an educational innovation strategy for teaching climate change in rural communities of the Fiji Islands. SolarSPELL works with the energy generated by an integrated solar panel and provides access through its own wifi network. It offers a variety of open educational resources, selected for their potential to strengthen educational practices and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda. Based on the research question, a case study was selected, as it allows intensive study a complex phenomenon in a short period of time and analyzes the object of study in a specific context. The DIAPASON instrument was applied in the community or school libraries that participate in the pilot program. The results show that SolarSPELL contributes to the digital transformation of educational practices and the value of the librarians being able to have a greater number of bibliographic resources on climate change. Currently, the project "Schools that Learn Post COVID-19" took up these results to carry out a pilot in rural communities in Chiapas, Mexico. The results emphasize the need for the librarian of the future to incorporate into their work, actions focused on improving the quality of education that allow potentiating the sustainable development of their communities, improving collective knowledge and raising awareness about this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Institutional Repositories (IRs) are an effective way of managing and disseminating institutions’ in scholarly communication. More specifically, an IR enhances the visibility and discoverability of the content and validates the repository’s importance. Knowledge Organisation System (KOS) strengthens the digital content organisation, connects users with collections, and improves information retrieval functionalities. This paper investigates the present status of user interface features and incorporates KOS in the institutional repository of technical institutions, restricted to Centrally Funded Technical Institutions in India. A group of twenty-four web-accessible institutional repositories was identified, and their KOS and user interface features were evaluated. It was found that user interfaces of all IRs under study comply with essential search and navigation functionalities, such as simple and advanced search, browsing, faceted or filtering approaches, and integration with multiple KOS. Only a few of them include complex KOS, such as control vocabulary. All repositories show their search results in both normal-text and metadata views. Some have specific display features, such as highlighting the query or displaying a thumbnail. Google is one of the most popular search engines that indexes IR content for visibility and discoverability, and approximately 90 per cent of repositories are linked with NDLI. Global visibility and impact participation are moderate, and they require attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development of effective tools for cultural-heritage education is becoming more and more important in the times we live in. Interactive user activities and visual elements are necessary for better understanding of and immersion in the cultural heritage world. Objectives of our research include the applicability and criteria covered by tools for presenting cultural heritage content. The study is based on an empirical approach, divided in three stages. In the first phase we chose the instruments to be evaluated. The second phase identifies the criteria for evaluating these tools. In the third phase we perform an analysis of how these criteria are met and finally present the results. Our analysis showed that the reviewed instruments do not support all of the necessary specific functionalities and requirements. We think it is necessary to raise awareness among the respective scientific communities and developers of such tools that being able to access and use them smoothly is important for preserving our cultural heritage and educating children in this subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attention is focused on the relevance of the use of distance learning technology, in particular on the development, use and integration of a digital library with the modular object-oriented dynamic learning environment Moodle. The problem of development, integration and use of digital libraries, in particular the National Defence University of Ukraine named after Ivan Cherniakhovskyi (NDUU) digital library, is analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Name ambiguity is a prevalent problem in digital library domain where mapping of bibliographic records to authors is a major issue. The unprecedented growth of the bibliographic records and absence of unique identifiers are further exacerbating the problem. Specifically, name ambiguity affects various bibliometric analysis tasks that include record management as well as scientific assessment of the authors thereby necessitating the name disambiguation. The name disambiguation task is to assign the records, possibly with the ambiguous authorship, to corresponding authors. While existing techniques are good at extracting abstract features from set of records with a common author name that can be subsequently used for clustering the records based on unique author identities, however, such techniques usually perform poorly in disambiguating isolated individual record entries that arrive continuously. Disambiguation of only newly arrived records, rather than the whole records of the digital library is challenging, however, computationally rewarding and thus, not only preferable but becoming the necessity due to tremendous growth in the number of bibliographic records with the time, which is likely to continue. In this regard, we propose an online author name disambiguation approach for evolving digital library. Our approach involves representation learning of records in an online manner in evolving (academic networks) digital library using dynamic graph embedding and clustering of latent representation of records. We show the use of our online name disambiguation method in batch setting (for static or initial records of digital library) and incremental setting (for new records of digital library). Significant improvement, over existing state-of-the-art methods in terms of various evaluation metrics, has been observed which indicates the effectiveness of the proposed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The greatest blessing of Allah to Believers in the world is the Holy Qur'an. The whole Universe, the heaven, the earth and the creatures living in it cannot be like this blessing. From the first century Hijri to the present, countless commentaries of this great book have been written. This book has been served; no other book in the world has been served in this way. It is necessary for a Muslim to understand its meaning and laws of God as much as possible and try to follow them. For this purpose, the scholars have written numerous commentaries, all of them are based on ancient commentaries, But due to their existence in hard form, firstly they were not easily accessible to every person and secondly due to their high cost, it was also difficult to buy them, now they are available in soft form in digital libraries and various websites which can be found in every person's personal computer and smart phone, in this paper we will present an introductory study of the primary sources of the Qur'an with reference to the popular Islamic digital library “Maktabah Shamilah”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an insight into the development phases of the digitization of German university libraries and presents the influence of primarily technical disciplines on the design of digital libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid growth of research publications has placed great demands on digital libraries (DL) for advanced information management technologies. To cater to these demands, techniques relying on knowledge-graph structures are being advocated. In such graph-based pipelines, inferring semantic relations between related scientific concepts is a crucial step. Recently, BERT-based pre-trained models have been popularly explored for automatic relation classification. Despite significant progress, most of them were evaluated in different scenarios, which limits their comparability. Furthermore, existing methods are primarily evaluated on clean texts, which ignores the digitization context of early scholarly publications in terms of machine scanning and optical character recognition (OCR). In such cases, the texts may contain OCR noise, in turn creating uncertainty about existing classifiers' performances. To address these limitations, we started by creating OCR-noisy texts based on three clean corpora. Given these parallel corpora, we conducted a thorough empirical evaluation of eight Bert-based classification models by focusing on three factors: (1) Bert variants; (2) classification strategies; and, (3) OCR noise impacts. Experiments on clean data show that the domain-specific pre-trained Bert is the best variant to identify scientific relations. The strategy of predicting a single relation each time outperforms the one simultaneously identifying multiple relations in general. The optimal classifier's performance can decline by around 10% to 20% in F-score on the noisy corpora. Insights discussed in this study can help DL stakeholders select techniques for building optimal knowledge-graph-based systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this work was due to critical literature reviews often being used as a crucial tool for the research outputs of different ideologies to access and develop the knowledge base. The main aim of this paper is to review current literature on digitization in libraries considering different facets like process of selection, acquisition, conversion, creation of metadata, storage, preparing for long term access and issues and challenges for managing these through a review of literature. The current study follows a literature review process where there is analysis of 56 full papers on different aspects of digitization and digital libraries after a filtration from 110 research papers from 2010 to 2019. A number of major issues and challenges like high budget, diversity in records, efficiency and hard labor, document security, quality control, information retrieval, and manipulation of metadata associated with digitization and digital library management with correspondence solutions to them were identified. The study provides valuable information to researchers and librarians working in the field of digitization by illustrating the process, challenge, and implication in libraries as were outlined by various scholars from different corners of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to discuss the challenges and opportunities for modernization and upgrading of various undergraduate college libraries in Barak Valley, Assam's southernmost region. The current status of automation, infrastructure, and accommodation for teachers, students, and staff in Barak Valley college libraries was discussed. Participation in Library Consortiums and National Library Networks of various college libraries was also attempted. User feedback on library building planning, architectural modelling, and infrastructure facilities, librarians' and users' perspectives on college library modernization, user perceptions of library personnel's helpful attitudes, and user advocacy, among other things, were studied. Finally, identify the barriers and limitations of modernization issues, and make recommendations and closing statements. The findings revealed issues and opportunities for college libraries to be modernised and updated. The majority of libraries lack building planning, architectural modelling, up-to-date automation software, skilled labour, and adequate seating for library users in reading rooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes and compares selected open access self-archiving policies of various repositories of elite organizations registered in OpenDOAR, ROAR, and ROARMAP databases to report a multi-faceted panoramic overview on open access archiving policy. This paper discusses three open-access policies, viz. archiving policies, version policies, and withdrawal policies against different parameters. These policies and related issues have been discussed based on existing scholarly literature and best practice guidelines available at the national and international levels. The purpose of this paper is to suggest best practice guidelines and to provide a roadmap for developing an institute-specific IDR (the institutional digital repository) in the line of global recommendations. A total of 161 repositories were selected after overlap checking and based on the selection parameters mentioned in the methodology section. All these policies mentioned above must be formulated properly as it is found that the majority of IDRs do not have such policy guidelines. Some of the key issues are not properly covered and missing in literature even within the policy. Finally, recommendations have been made against each policy to develop IDRs globally. The paper's outcomes will be useful to future researchers and policymakers who will set up IDRs or have already developed IDRs for their organization. The outputs/results of this study may be used as a guiding tool and helpful to the open-access advocates, including policymakers’ library professionals, in developing repository policy for their organization. The policy framework could also be adapted to any institution irrespective of size and geographic location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]