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Forest pastures represent the basis of livestock feed in the high mountains of the north region of Morocco. Unfortunately, the forage supply of pastoral species is subject to a continuous decrease, which exposes the livestock to under nutrition. In order to manage this situation and to improve the herd nutrition, knowledge of the energy and protein content and the digestibility of consumed plant species is essential. The analyses of 22 main pastoral forage species showed that the energy and protein values of these species are moderately low for UF (0.28 to 0.52 UFV/kg DM) and very low for PDI (16 to 52 g/kg/MS). The most abundant species consumed by goats, namely Quercus ilex, Quercus canariensis, Quercus suber and Pistacia lentiscus, present low energy (0.33 UF/kg DM) and low protein forage (28 g PDI/kg DM) foods. In general, these species are characterized by a satisfactory digestibility. This varies from 53% to 90% for the organic matter digestibility (DMO %). Some species have a lower DMO (52% to 66%). This is the case of Ceratonia siliqua, Cytisus scoparius, Olea europaea, Quercus Suber, Quercus ilex, Arbutus unedo, Rubus ulmifolius, Tetraclinis articulata. Similarly, a low protein digestibility is noted in Phillyrea media, Arbutus unedo and Pistacia lentiscus (64%, 65% and 66% respectively). On this basis, it appears that the pastures in these areas are also degraded in terms of nutrition.

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Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The effect of the use of Curcuma longa powder as phytobiotic on feed intake and in vivo digestibility of nutrients was studied in 40 guinea pigs of English breed. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of incorporating graded levels of Curcuma longa powder on feed intake and in vivo digestibility in Guinea pigs. Forty (40) Guinea pigs (20 males and 20 females) of English breed, mean weight 452 ± 75 g were allocated to four experimental treatments in a completely randomized design. Each treatment contains 10 Guinea pigs (5 males and 5 females). Three experimental rations were formulated from the basal diet (0%) by adding 0.25, 0.5 and 1% C. longa powder corresponding to R0%, R0.25%, R0.5% and R1% respectively. Digestibility test was carried out for a period of 17-days (10 days for adaptation and 7 days for data collection). The inclusion of Curcuma longa powder significantly improved (p <0.05) feed intake regardless of the level of inclusion in the diets. Dry matter (DM) digestibility of the ration containing 0.25% Curcuma longa was comparable to that of the rations with 0 and 1% C. longa. The digestibility of crude fiber (CF) of Guinea pigs fed with 0.25% C. longa was comparable to those fed with 0.5 and 1% C. longa, but significantly higher than control ration without C. longa. In conclusion the inclusion of Curcuma longa powder at 0.25% improved feed intake and digestibility in Guinea pigs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Animal Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this study is to determine the diet of the most appropriate Opuntia able to cover maintenance requirements in extreme drought with the least economic cost of the ration and its impact on digestibility, feeding level and blood glycemia and uremia. The incorporation of spineless Opuntia was conducted on 16 dry ewes, maintenance, in cross breed: (diet 1 versus diet 4) and (diet 2 versus diet 3), divided into 4 lots: diet 1 control (barley straw + barley grain), diet 2 (Opuntia + straw), diet 3 (straw + Opuntia + faba bean), diet 4 (Opuntia) only, by comparing them. The results showed that the digestibility of Opuntia improves the digestibility of organic matter in straw-based diets; it is in the range of 0.72, 0.63, 0.67, and 0.74, respectively. Analysis of variance of feeding levels showed that there is a significant difference at p<0.01. The regime 2 recorded a mean weight gain of 26 g. He covered the maintenance requirements and the cost of the ration evaluated 12.5 DA is 0.11 €. The results of blood glycemia (g/l) has remained the standards of the sheep. Uremia the régime 3 has increased significantly. The incorporation of Opuntia has been able can meet the energy needs of animals and that the cladode Opuntia can substitute at barley grains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Avaliou-se química e biologicamente o resíduo de polpa de frutas desidratadas destinadas à indústria de alimentos enriquecidos. No estudo de digestibilidade, foram utilizados 12 leitões castrados, híbridos comerciais, com peso inicial de 12,2 ± 1,6 kg, distribuídos individualmente em gaiolas. Os tratamentos foram dieta basal e dieta-teste, com substituição de 30% da matéria seca na dieta basal. Os resultados da composição química foram: matéria seca, 89,54%; amido, 71,1%; glicose, 5,4%; frutose, 2,2%; proteína bruta, 5,33%; energia bruta, 3771 kcal/kg; matéria seca digestível, 96,01%; energia digestível, 3448 kcal/kg; energia metabolizável, 3389 kcal/kg. O estudo de metabolismo e a análise bromatológica indicaram o resíduo de polpas como alternativa a ser avaliada em dietas de leitões. No ensaio de desempenho, foram utilizados 90 leitões com peso inicial de 6,60 ± 0,76 kg, distribuídos em blocos casualizados, com seis repetições e três animais por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos consistiram de níveis de inclusão do resíduo de polpa (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%) em substituição ao milho da dieta-controle. As fases estudadas foram inicial-1(14 dias), inicial-2 (21 dias) e período total. Não houve diferenças entre os níveis de inclusão estudados sobre as variáveis de desempenho. Em dieta farelada, o resíduo de polpa de frutas desidratadas pode substituir totalmente o milho.It was evaluated chemically and biologically the powdered fruits pulp residue, used in human food industry. In the digestibility study it was used 12 commercial hybrids barrows piglets, with initial weight 12,2 ± 1,6 kg, allotted in individual cages. The treatments were a basal and a test diet. In the test diet the fruits pulp residue replaced 30% of the basal dry matter. The following values were obtained: dry matter 89,54%, starch 71,1%, glucose 5,4%, fructose 2,2%, crude protein 5,33%, gross energy 3771 kcal/kg, apparent digestible dry matter 96,01%, digestible energy 3448 kcal/kg, metabolizable energy 3389 kcal/kg. By bromatologic results and metabolism study, the powdered fruits pulp residue was characterized as an alternative to be evaluated in piglet diets. In the performance assay 90 piglets with initial weight of 6,60 ± 0,76 kg were allotted in a randomized block design, with six replications and three animals per experimental unit. The treatments were levels of powdered fruits pulp residue (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) replacing the corn of the control diet. The studied phases were initial-1 (14 days), initial-2 (21 days) and total period. On the performance there was no difference between the studied inclusion levels. For meal diets, the fruits pulp residue can replace the corn.

The nutritional value and the effect of three levels of supplementation with Leucaena leucocephala on the weight gains and digestibility efficiency of total crude proteins (TCP) were assessed in West African Dwarf goats at the University of Dschang in West Cameroon. Twenty-four goats, about two years of age and with a mean weight of 9.9 ± 2.1 kg, were divided into four groups of six animals. The goats in the supplemented groups received 390 g (group 2), 780 g (group 3) and 1170 g (group 4) of fresh leaves of L. leucocephala corresponding to 7.1, 14.2 and 21.3 g TCP per animal per day, respectively, whereas those of the control group (group 1) did not receive any supplement. Animals were weighed every other week to assess weight gains. L. leucocephala, and Trypsacum laxum samples were fed to the animals in the metabolic cage and feces from the same animals were used to determine TCP digestibility efficiency. Results showed that L. leucocephala had high nutrient contents. The average weights of goats in groups 2 and 3 were statistically similar (P > 0.05) and significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of goats in groups 1 and 4. The mean daily weight gains of goats in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 18, 46.7, 48.6 and 10.5 g, respectively. The apparent digestibility coefficient of the dry matter was 68.8 ± 2.2, 70.7 ± 1.6 and 72.2 ± 1.1%, and that of TCP was 79.2 ± 1.3, 72.7 ± 2.4 and 72.1 ± 3.1% for the animals that received 390, 780 and 1170 g per day of fresh leaves of L. leucocephala, respectively. Finally, 390 g of fresh leaves (i.e. 157.6 g of dry matter) of L. leucocephala seemed to be the optimum quantity to include in the diet of West African Dwarf goats without the risk of side effects.

During the dry season in semiarid regions, animals are maintained on low quality forage residues with a need for protein supplement, when animal productivity is to be considered. In this study, Calopogonium mucunoides hay was fed to donkeys during the dry season to test its palatability and nutritive value. Twelve adult donkeys were allotted to three groups and fed different rations as follows: Group A received corn straw and 0.5 kg supplement mixture (corn bran and cottonseed cake), Group B received Calopogonium mucunoides hay and 0.25 kg supplement mixture, and Group C received Calopogonium mucunoides hay and 0.5 kg supplement mixture. Forage and water intake, body weight, and fecal dry matter were measured. There was no significant difference in intake of the three rations but digestibility was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the C. mucunoides-fed groups. Notwithstanding its low palatability or acceptability by livestock species, C. mucunoides, as forage legume, is a high crude protein source which could effectively replace agro-industrial protein supplements, which are becoming more difficult to find by smallholders

La qualité des protéines pour l’alimentation de l’homme est un sujet très ancien mais les différentes méthodes proposées jusqu’ici pour évaluer la qualité protéique ont été largement critiquées, pour des problèmes conceptuels et méthodologiques. Depuis quelques années des avancées ont pu être faites grâce à l’emploi d’isotopes stables dans la phase postprandiale chez l’homme. Ces techniques proposent des mesures fines et conceptuellement adaptées pour évaluer la qualité des protéines et explorer le concept de qualité protéique. Ces approches ont montré que les différences globales de qualités entre sources protéiques chez l’homme au bon statut nutritionnel sont bien plus faibles que cela n’était attendu. Parallèlement, la nature des protéines alimentaires pourrait avoir des effets métaboliques plus subtils, au niveau de certains tissus ou au niveau des voies métaboliques secondaires de certains acides aminés, dont il faudra mesurer l’étendue et évaluer les conséquences physiologiques et fonctionnelles.