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Copyright of Foreign Literature Studies is the property of Foreign Literature Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Communication History is an expression that proves to be problematic in the light of theoretical and conceptual analysis, as this article clarifies and discusses, when examining the proclamations made by its main spokespersons. Both methodological and empirical works are taken into account, with the purpose of evaluating how this object of knowledge is defined and approached, comparing it with what is effectively presented in the investigations, published by scholars from different generations and contexts. It is argued that there is a tendency to confuse the subject with others, especially Media History. An important exception is the cultural historian Robert Darnton, although a careful examination of his historiographical project with an ethnographic bias ends up revealing that his proposal for communication tends to reorient the field under no less problematic parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article questions the idea that Islamic communication is rooted purely in the religion itself. By studying the field of Islamic communication studies in Indonesia, it analyzes discourses which produce knowledge of Islamic communication. Foucauldian archaeological method is employed to examine literatures, textbooks, and other sources which form regulated statements about Islamic communication tradition in Indonesia, developed by both public university scholars and Islamic scholars in the nation. The author argues that Islamic communication traditions in Indonesia are the product of modern developmentalism discourse which dominated in the New Order era (1966–1998). As a consequence, Islamic communication tradition in Indonesia is currently unable to provide an alternative perspective in much broader communication studies. This article proposes revisiting the history of Islamic communication within certain local contexts and use of the Islamic discourse as a criticism toward every kind of domination, including the domination of knowledge termed Islamic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractPerforming arts can be used as a medium to convey social messages in the form of ideas and even social criticism of the actual conditions that occur in society. Slightly different from performing arts, ceremonial arts have greater involvement of religious rituals that are integrated with the values that exist in society. The Kebo Ketan ceremony, which is held in Sekaralas Village, Ngawi Regency has a mission to convey a message of social cohesiveness for the village community. The purpose of this study is to analyze the communication process in conveying messages of social cohesiveness through the Kebo Ketan ceremonial art in the Sekaralas village community. This study uses a qualitative approach using ethnographic methods to understand the cultural dimensions, everyday interactions, and rituals that are mediated to form communication. Primary data was obtained from semi-structured in-depth interviews with several identified informants including the founder and chairman of the Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) Kraton Ngiyom, activists of the Kebo Ketan ceremony, the Secretary and also members of Kraton Ngiyom, the Head of Sekaralas village and the head of RT 8 of the village. The information obtained from several informants was also supported by direct observations in the field. After the information is collected, data analysis is performed using open coding. The findings from this study are that the Kebo Ketan ceremony is an art form that can be used to convey a message of social cohesiveness in Sekaralas Village, although there are still some deficiencies, because the message of social cohesion has not been fully interpreted and understood properly and the community still considers ceremonial art as entertainment. The implications of this research show that the Kebo Ketan ceremonial used as a medium for communication to convey messages to traditional communities. However, conveying the message must consider the ability of the traditional communities to interpret it.

Kitaplar, defterler, haritalar, çeşitli çizimler, sanat eserleri, eski mecmualar, fermanlar, salnameler ve kitabeler yüzlerce yıllık tarihin diri materyalleri olarak geçmişin bilgisini günümüze ulaştırmakta birer iletişim vasıtası olarak değerlendirilebilir. Bu çalışmada da bir iletişim aracı olarak Osmanlıdan günümüze kalan mezar taşı kitabelerinde o zamanın insanının bu zamanın insanına hangi mesajlar ulaştırdığı, o zamanın insanı ile günümüz modern dünyanın insanı arasındaki duygu, düşünce ve algılarının arasında benzerliklerin olup olmadığı hususu bilimsel merak konusu olmuştur. Böylece Osmanlı toplumunun kültürel belleğinin günümüze kadar önemli taşıyıcı unsurlarından birisi olarak değerlendirilen mezar taşı kitabeleri çalışmada ele alınarak 15. ve 19. yüzyıllar arasında mezar taşı kitabeleri örneğinde o dönemin insanının ölümün mutlak gerçeği karşısındaki duygu ve düşüncelerinin neler olduğunun araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın örneklemini Bursa Muradiye Medresesi bünyesinde bulunan Mezar Taşları Müzesinde yer alan 71 adet okunabilirliği olan Osmanlıca yazılmış olan mezar kitabeleri oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın temel sorusu kitabelerde yer alan yazılı metinlerde okuyucuya verilen mesajların hangi temalarda toplandığı şeklinde belirlenmiştir.

Copyright of Medien & Kommunikationswissenschaft is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper explores how infrastructural ideologies function as tools in geopolitical struggles for dependence and independence between world powers. Meese et al. (2020) suggest that controversies around 5G stem from infrastructural anxieties best examined in the framework of geopolitics. We build on this work by analysing the emerging infrastructural ideology and sociotechnical imaginaries (Jasanoff and Kim, 2015) of 5G in light of the changing global division of labour. Sociotechnical imaginaries refer to the vision of technologies themselves, while ideologies refer to the totality of social relations, translating the objective reality of material conditions to subjective lived experience (Bory, 2020). The Western imaginaries around 5G infrastructures reflect, deflect, translate and sublimate the infrastructural anxieties tied to the development and deployment of new network paradigms by China as an emerging hegemon. The controversial nature, contradictory content and fragmented presentation of 5G is a necessary part of living through the trauma of lost historical agency on the part of Western superpowers. We engaged in code ethnography (Rosa, 2022) of GSM, internet and 5G technologies, as well as participant observation in the main standard-development organisations of the internet and 5G. Our methodological assumption, taken from world systems theory (Wallerstein, 2004), is that the character and content of imaginaries and their underpinning ideologies creatively translate the position of actors in the global division of labour. This paper contributes to the understanding of the role of media infrastructures in geopolitical power tussles and straddles the fields of materialist media studies, science and technology studies and international relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marshall McLuhan, the celebrated, and sometimes vilified, Canadian media theorist, experienced a resurrection of sorts with the advent of digital media. This article looks at what makes his style and intellectual method distinctly "electric," beyond the metaphorical sense, and attempts to determine exactly when and why McLuhan "converted" to a brand of thought that remains highly pertinent in our electronic age of computer networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the social and organizational structure determined by the capitalist productionconsumption relations, the contents produced by the media have an ideological function within the framework of power relations. In especially news texts, social realities are reconstructed consciously in line with the language and policies of the Powers. Based on this, in this study, the contents produced in various media about Matild Manukyan, the owner of brothels, who was frequently on the agenda with his tax record holders in Turkey for a period, were discussed in the context of media, power-power relations, representation in the media and ethics. Descriptive content analysis was used as a method, and the news published in national newspapers and some other media contents related to the subject were examined. As a result, it has been determined that the media uses the same language with political and economic powers, even on sex work issue which has big ethically/moral problems, and creates an ethical gap by excluding many issues and concepts such as human rights violations, trafficking in women, and violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Konya Art Journal / Konya Sanat Dergisi is the property of Konya Art Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medien & Kommunikationswissenschaft is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper analyzes the coverage of the femicides of Aurelia Briant (1984) and Alicia Muñiz (1988) in the Argentine newspapers La Nación and Diario Popular. It is a research with a qualitative approach that articulates categories of socio-semiotic, critical discourse analysis and enunciation theory. The results indicate that in one of the crimes the predominant interpretive key was that of a crime of passion, while the other constituted a condition of possibility to make visible what is currently called gender violence. And both are linked differently with the recent past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recognition of misinformation as a public health threat and interest in infodemics, defined as an inundation of information accompanying an epidemic or acute health event, have increased worldwide. However, scientists have no consensus on how to best define and identify misinformation and other essential characteristics of infodemics. We conducted a narrative review of secondary historical sources to examine previous infodemics in relation to four infectious diseases associated with pandemics (ie, smallpox, cholera, 1918 influenza, and HIV) and challenge the assumption that misinformation is a new phenomenon associated with increased use of social media or with the COVID-19 pandemic. On the contrary, we found that the spread of health misinformation has always been a public health challenge that has necessitated innovative solutions from medical and public health communities. We suggest expanding beyond the narrow scope of addressing misinformation to manage information ecosystems, defined as how people consume, produce, interact with, and behave around information, which include factors such as trust, stigma, and scientific literacy. Although misinformation can spread on a global scale, this holistic approach advocates for community-level interventions that improve relationships and trust between medical or public health entities and local populations., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Copyright of Publizistik: Vierteljahreshefte für Kommunikationsforschung is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper analyzes the coverage of the femicides of Aurelia Briant (1984) and Alicia Muñiz (1988) in the Argentine newspapers La Nación and Diario Popular. It is a research with a qualitative approach that articulates categories of socio-semiotic, critical discourse analysis and enunciation theory. The results indicate that in one of the crimes the predominant interpretive key was that of a crime of passion, while the other constituted a condition of possibility to make visible what is currently called gender violence. And both are linked differently with the recent past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Photo opportunities enable tight scripting and image control while catering to the media's need for visual content. This research traces how, since 1955, Canadian finance ministers and the media have exhibited a uniquely Canadian interest in the minister's budget day shoes. Analysis: A review of newspaper coverage about the federal budget indicates that news stories contributed to the myth of parliamentary tradition that evolved into packaged photo ops. Interviews with journalists and a finance minister's staff, among others, provide insights about photo-op management in a permanent campaigning environment. Conclusion and implications: The case study adds to knowledge about strategic communication in government and the evolution of media-state relations in Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When the first university schools of journalism and communication started in Spain in 1971, only a few European and North American countries had preferentially adopted an academic model. Variety was their dominant feature, exhibiting diverse professional cultures and sometimes political contexts. In countries with a long journalistic tradition such as the UK, learning on the job was the practice at that time. Labor unions were also prevalently responsible for the training of aspiring journalists in France and Germany. In contrast, in the USA, university journalism schools had been established some decades before. In addition, teaching and research in communication evolved via different paths in those countries that had a more noteworthy influence on Spain. The beginning of university-based schools of communication theoretically contributed to the establishment of a more suitable institutional platform for the delivery of communication research trends in the West. An analysis of historical, political, and institutional contexts converging in Spain in the 1970s is useful to describe how the first university schools were shaped in terms of both their incipient teaching and research challenges. A review of the literature covering both fields in Spain and other countries, along with some previously published archival sources, helps us to frame the case of Spain from a transnational viewpoint that considers the impact of contemporary foreign influences. The resulting broader comparative perspective provides a better overarching understanding of the case, even to the point of measuring the extent to which it can be considered a pioneer in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a national narrative of the rise of public relations (PR) as an academic discipline in China, particularly how the PR discipline has emerged and figured in global and local historical events and struggled for legitimacy throughout China's modernization from 1985 to 2018. Based on our historical review, five distinct periods in search of academic legitimacy have characterized the national modernization in China. Universal theoretical perspectives – PR's introduction as a discipline in a modernizing economy – are inadequate to explain this history. By showing divergent forces affecting academic legitimacy, this study contributes a historical perspective on understanding the PR discipline in China within a glocalization context. Our paper proposes a 'glocal' framework to show the divergent historical stresses affecting PR's academic legitimacy in China's recent historical context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The China-Arab relationship can date back to ancient times. This humble paper aims to study this relationship since the Tang Dynasty in the seventh century in general and its development in the Ming Dynasty in the fourteenth century in particular. It focuses on the following goals: First, discovering the most important information about the influence of the two ancient civilizations with each other before the Ming Dynasty; Second, analyzing the achievements made during the Ming Dynasty and the characteristics of the Sino-Arab relationship in this era; Third, comparing the Sino-Arab relationship during the Ming Dynasty with that in previous eras and analyzing the similarities and differences among them. The paper relies on the descriptive-analytical method to present the most important issues in the ancient Chinese-Arab relationship such as the spreading of Islam and the Arabic in China and the attitudes of the central government towards them, then it also explains those issues by analyzing the texts, explains the reasons for their emergence and development and analyzes the similarities and differences among them. Thus it is appropriate to borrow the comparative approach as well. يمكن إرجاع العلاقة الصينية العربية إلى الزمن القديم. سعى هذا البحث المتواضع إلى دراسة هذه العلاقة منذ أسرة تانغ الملكية في القرن السابع ميلاديا بصورة عامة وتطورها في الأسرة مينغ الملكية في القرن الرابع عشر ميلاديا بصورة خاصة. وركز البحث على أهداف آتية: أولا اكتشاف أبرز المعلومات حول تأثر الحضارتين العريقتين بعضهما بالآخر قبل عهد أسرة مينغ الملكية؛ ثانيا تحليل المنجزات المحققة في عهد أسرة مينغ الملكية وخصائص العلاقة الصينية العربية في هذا العصر؛ ثالثا مقارنة العلاقة الصينية العربية في عهد أسرة مينغ الملكية مع تلك في العهود السابقة وتحليل أوجه التشابه والاختلاف بينهما. اعتمد هذا البحث على المنهج التحليلي الوصفي، بحيث يعرض أهم القضايا في العلاقة الصينية العربية القديمة كقضية نشر الإسلام واللغة العربية في الصين وموقف الحكومة المركزية تجاهه وغيرها، ثم شرح تلك القضايا بتحليل النصوص المعنية بها وتعليل أسباب ظهورها وتطورها وتحليل أوجه الشبه والاختلاف بينها، فليس أنسب إلى ذلك من الاستضاءة بشيء من المنهج المقارن كذلك

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Demokrat Parti (DP) döneminin ilan ve reklam politikalarının, yasal düzenlemeler ve uygulamalar ile, bunların basındaki yansımaları çerçevesinde irdelenmesidir. Bu kapsamda, 1950-1960 yılları arasında yayımlanan en yüksek tirajlı yedi gazetenin (Ulus, Zafer, Hürriyet, Milliyet, Cumhuriyet, Akşam, Vatan) tüm sayıları, Başbakanlık Cumhuriyet Arşivi Yassıada Mahkemeleri Belgeleri (BCAYMB), İstanbul Ticaret Odasına kayıtlı sicil arşiv belgeleri, yine konuyla ilgili kitap, makale ve yayımlanmamış tezler incelenmiş ve elde edilen veriler betimleyici yöntem ile irdelenmiştir. Dp iktidarının basında ilan ve reklamlar ile ilgili politikaları, yasal düzenlemeleri ile uygulamaları nelerdi; bunlar hakkında ilgili çevrelerin yorumları, olumlama ve eleştirileri nelerdi; ilan ve reklamlar basın ile iktidar arasındaki ilişkilerde nasıl bir rol oynadı ve bu politikalar DP’nin genel olarak basın politikaları açısından nasıl değerlendirilmelidir gibi sorulara cevaplar aranmıştır. Basının en önemli gelir kaynaklarından biri olan ilan ve reklamlara dair mevzuat ve uygulamalar, bir ülkedeki basın özgürlüğü hakkında önemli anlam taşımaktadır. Zira bunlar zaman zaman, basını denetleme ve baskı altına alma konusunda önemli araçlar haline gelebilmektedir. Böylece bu çalışma, söz konusu dönemde uygulanan basın politikalarını derinlikli bir bakış açısıyla, farklı disiplinler çerçevesinde kapsamlı olarak ele alarak, Türkiye basın tarihi ile ilan ve reklam tarihi çalışmalarına katkıda bulunması açısından önemlidir. Bu yaklaşım ile dönemin basın-iktidar ilişkilerini hem siyasal hem de ekonomik yönleriyle ortaya koymanın yanı sıra, döneme dair eleştirilerde siyasal iktidara odaklı yaklaşımlara alternatif olarak, dönemin basınına da eleştirel bir bakış mümkün olmuştur. DP döneminin basın politikalarına ilişkin genel kanı, 1954’e kadar basın özgürlükleri bağlamında olumlu bir çerçeve çizilirken, 1954’te baş gösteren ekonomik ve buna bağlı olarak sosyal ve siyasal sıkıntılarla birlikte bu olumlu çerçevenin bozulduğu yönündedir. Bu noktada tüm bu çalışmaların temel dayanağı, DP’nin iktidarının ilk dönemlerinde çıkarmış olduğu özgürlükçü basın yasalarıdır. Ancak DP’nin basın politikalarının bu şekilde değerlendirilmesi eksik olmakla birlikte yanıltıcı da olacaktır. Çünkü bu çalışmada elde edilen veriler ışığında görülmüştür ki, 1950–1960 döneminde DP’nin ilan ve reklamlara ilişkin olarak çıkardığı sekiz kararnamenin altısı 1950-1954 yılları arasına, hatta bu altı kararnamenin de beşi DP iktidarının ilk yılına rastlamaktadır. DP’nin ilan ve reklamlarla ilgili yasal düzenlemelerine dair bu basit kronolojik sınıflandırma bile DP iktidarının hem önemli bir ekonomik değer, hem de basın üzerinde önemli bir ekonomik güç olarak ilan ve reklamların farkında olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bununla birlikte, Türk basın tarihinde basın özgürlüğü açısından oldukça sorunlu bir dönem olarak anılan bu dönem için, yalnız siyasal iktidarın değil, bizzat o dönemin basınının da sorumluluklarının olduğu söylenebilir.

This article provides a historical perspective on media practices in refugee camps. Through an analysis of archival material emerging from refugee camps in Germany between 1945 and 2000, roles and functions of media practices in the camp experience among forced migrants are demonstrated. The refugee camp is conceptualized as a heterotopian space, where media practices took place in pre-digital media environments. The archival records show how media practices of refugees responded to the spatial constraints of the camp. At the same time, media practices emerged from the precarious power relations between refugees, administration, and activists. Opportunities, spaces, and access to media practices and technologies were provided, yet at the same time restricted, by the camp structure and administration, as well as created by refugees and volunteers. Media activist practices, such as the voicing of demands for the availability of media, demonstrate how access to media was fought for within the power structures and affordances of the analogue environment. While basic media infrastructure had to be fought for more than in the digital era and surveillance and control of media practices was more intense, the basic need for access to information and connectivity was similar in pre-digital times, resulting in media activism. This exploration of unconsidered technological environments in media and refugee studies can arguably nuance our understanding of the role of media technologies in “refugee crises”.

Copyright of Medien & Kommunikationswissenschaft is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This thematic issue of Media and Communication features articles that address the workings of democracy as understood through the lens of media history. The intersection of democracy and media history brings together two impossibly expansive terms, so expansive that the articles herein cannot provide any meaningful closure to the questions that even a cursory consideration of media history and democracy would provoke. Instead of closure, what these authors develop is a demonstration of the value of media history to our understandings of democracy. Historical methods of inquiry are necessary components for any meaningful understanding of media or democracy, and the authors gathered here work from a multi-hued palette of historiographical approaches. One finds in this issue a careful attention to how issues related to media history and democracy can be investigated through consideration of intellectual history, the history of political debates, journalism history, and the history of media organizations and institutions. These articles make a strong case for the continued relevance of media history to understanding the democracy and the media.

Copyright of Historia: Questoes & Debates is the property of Universidade Federal do Parana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Publizistik: Vierteljahreshefte für Kommunikationsforschung is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A quote that always comes to mind about the diverse and ubiquitous field of communication is one by Watzlawick, Beavin, and Jackson (1967, p. 51) which states "one cannot not communicate". Simply put, we are always communicating - whether it is verbally or nonverbally, and this process has evolved over time as people, societies, and technologies have. Due to the multiple dimensions associated with this continuously progressing field of study, communication is an enigmatic phenomenon which is difficult to fully explain. Yet, it has existed from the beginning of time and is very integral to our societies, to our lives. Communication officially entered the academic arena as a discipline of disciplines in the mid-20th Century; before then, it was addressed through various other disciplines such as Sociology - in relation to people, and Engineering and Technology - in relation to different physical media used to communicate. As it developed over the years, different perspectives have been used in an attempt to describe and better understand this field of study. From the powerful effects paradigm in the early 1930s to the limited effects paradigm in the 1960s, communication was often presented using a top-down approach. With the changing communication landscape and the introduction of the use of mass media by grassroots people in the 1990s, this field has undergone another paradigm shift - from the diffusion perspective to the participatory perspective. This paper attempts to cohesively describe the paradigmatic shifts in understanding communication as it traces the history of this field of study. When we truly understand communication - where it began and what has occurred since then, we begin to see that, truly, as John Dewey (cited in Carey, 1989, p. 13) puts it, "of all things, communication is the most wonderful.". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides a historical perspective on media practices in refugee camps. Through an analysis of archival material emerging from refugee camps in Germany between 1945 and 2000, roles and functions of media practices in the camp experience among forced migrants are demonstrated. The refugee camp is conceptualized as a heterotopian space, where media practices took place in pre-digital media environments. The archival records show how media practices of refugees responded to the spatial constraints of the camp. At the same time, media practices emerged from the precarious power relations between refugees, administration, and activists. Opportunities, spaces, and access to media practices and technologies were provided, yet at the same time restricted, by the camp structure and administration, as well as created by refugees and volunteers. Media activist practices, such as the voicing of demands for the availability of media, demonstrate how access to media was fought for within the power structures and affordances of the analogue environment. While basic media infrastructure had to be fought for more than in the digital era and surveillance and control of media practices was more intense, the basic need for access to information and connectivity was similar in pre-digital times, resulting in media activism. This exploration of unconsidered technological environments in media and refugee studies can arguably nuance our understanding of the role of media technologies in "refugee crises". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radio Sutatenza and Acción Cultural Popular created during the second half of the twentieth century a successful and innovative adult literacy model using radio as a powerful tool. After four decades, this institution related to the Catholic Church fell as fast as it was built. Although not all of its former associates are willing to talk about it, some of them blame for this decline to the Responsible Procreation Campaign, a revolutionary strategy that provided guidance to the colombian peasants about population growth. After reviewing primary and secondary sources, the article traces the history of the campaign and presents alternative views about the decline of this initiative.

Social historical knowledge about the development of a field of study, such as international communication (IC), is hard to preserve. Development of research in IC’s base field of communication was cross-fertilised by visitors from several disciplinary domains. Newcomers to IC find it hard to uncover the field’s opening-up, from its first tilling to present harvests. There is need for intergenerational dialogue between senior and younger scholars; one such attempt, this conversation, coincides with the celebration of a key moment in IC development history; 2018 is the 50th anniversary of the Intercultural and International Communication Program (ICP) at the School of International Service (SIS), AU, Washington D.C. - arguably the oldest graduate program in the field. It also anticipates the 25th Anniversary of The Journal of International Communication in 2019. The conversation encompasses earlier IC scholars’ past contributions to theory and institution building; and to prospects for IC inquiry. The discussants are ICP’s founder (a US-based American of Iranian descent) and a graduate researcher (an Australia-based Chinese) who completed a Master’s degree that has a direct line of descent from ICP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article makes the case for a comparative approach to communication technologies throughout history, arguing that various types of comparisons could enrich both historical research and technology theorization. The article proposes a critical typology of five categories of comparison: The deterministic category compares the supposedly direct effects of major changes in communication technology; the all-encompassing category integrates technologies into wider evolving complexes where various technologies interact; the discursive category examines the utopian and dystopian discourses accompanying technological changes, and their power to shape technology; the deconstructing categpry contrasts distinct phases in the history of a supposedly singular technology; and the one-dimensional category focusses on a single social domain to see how it has been transformed by different technological changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This thematic issue of Media and Communication features articles that address the workings of democracy as understood through the lens of media history. The intersection of democracy and media history brings together two impossibly expansive terms, so expansive that the articles herein cannot provide any meaningful closure to the questions that even a cursory consideration of media history and democracy would provoke. Instead of closure, what these authors develop is a demonstration of the value of media history to our understandings of democracy. Historical methods of inquiry are necessary components for any meaningful understanding of media or democracy, and the authors gathered here work from a multi-hued palette of historiographical approaches. One finds in this issue a careful attention to how issues related to media history and democracy can be investigated through consideration of intellectual history, the history of political debates, journalism history, and the history of media organizations and institutions. These articles make a strong case for the continued relevance of media history to understanding the democracy and the media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Embracing the de-Westernizing debate in communication research (Wang, 2013) and the call to decolonize media studies (Thussu, 2009), this article contextualizes the practices of contemporary community radio stations through internationalizing the history of community broadcasting. In contrast to other histories of community media (Lewis, 1984; Milan, 2013; Rennie, 2006; Rodriguez, 2001), this research reflects on the growth and spread of community radio practices analysed in four distinct periods of development. These periods organize the activities and efforts of communities (social movement actors, non-state/corporate actors) deploying radio technology to create media by and for the community. This analysis assembles a longer timeline and global (internationalized) landscape for mapping the development of community radio. This article contributes new analysis that indicates the spread of community radio as an institution is rooted in a history of struggle and media activism engaged among disparate movements and actors who often captured the airwaves in defiance of state-run and for-profit broadcasters.