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Submitted by Leticia Schettini (leticia@ufrrj.br) on 2021-09-10T12:38:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2019 - Alex Alves Magalh?es dos Santos.pdf: 1167888 bytes, checksum: 25715641971f6d3b05be4bc878500197 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-10T12:38:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2019 - Alex Alves Magalh?es dos Santos.pdf: 1167888 bytes, checksum: 25715641971f6d3b05be4bc878500197 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-03-27 CAPES - Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior This work of literature review aims to establish connections of the contents of Newton's binomial under a combinatorial perspective for high school students,and it also deals with a didactic sequence on the subject, which can be applied in the classroom by the mathematics teacher.As a High school teacherwas observed that students havepresented several deficiencies in mathematics, especially in combinatorial and probability.Many know only formulas, do not understand their applications, while others have complete ignorance in such matters, and most of them can?t solve common problems of counting Elementary school. However, it was aroused interest on part of the students, even those with no aptitude for the exact disciplines, when exercises were applied that were associated with daily situations, such as the Mega-Sena game.It is verified the student absence of interest in the High Schools, majority, is fruit of the little value given by the teachers to the subjects. There is no doubt that the study of Newton's binomial is fantastic, provided there is an understanding of how binomial expansion occurs. The purpose is to contribute to new approaches of action and, consequently, to be an exciting topic for students, thus developing significantly their ability to gather ideas and reason logically Este trabalho de revis?o de literatura tem por objetivo estabelecer conex?es dos conte?dos do Bin?mio de Newton sob uma perspectiva combinat?ria para alunos do Ensino M?dio e, tamb?m trata de uma sequ?ncia did?tica sobre o referido tema, que pode ser aplicada em sala de aula pelo professor de matem?tica. Como professor do Ensino M?dio observou-se que os estudantes apresentam v?rias defici?ncias em matem?tica, especialmente, em combinat?ria e probabilidade. Muitos conhecem apenas f?rmulas, n?o entendem suas aplica??es, enquanto que outros apresentam completo desconhecimento em tais assuntos e, grande parte deles, n?o conseguem solucionar problemas comuns de contagem do Ensino Fundamental. No entanto, despertava interesse da parte dos alunos, mesmo aqueles sem aptid?es para as disciplinas exatas, quando eram aplicados exerc?cios que estavam associados ?s situa??es do cotidiano, como, por exemplo, o jogo da Mega-Sena. Verifica-se que a aus?ncia de interesse dos alunos nas Escolas do Ensino M?dio, grande parte, ? fruto do pouco valor dado pelos docentes aos assuntos. N?o resta d?vida, que o estudo do Bin?mio de Newton ? fant?stico, desde que haja o entendimento de como ocorre a expans?o binomial. O prop?sito ? contribuir para novas abordagens de atua??o e, consequentemente, ser um tema instigante para os alunos, desenvolvendo, assim, significativamente sua capacidade de reunir as ideias e raciocinar logicamente.

Se presenta la construcción de modelos de pobreza multidimensional basados en analisis empirico combinatorio y combinatorio. Este enfoque metodologico complementa los modelos tradicionales de pobreza multidimensional, tales como Bourguignon and Chakravarty (2003), Deutch and Silver (2005), Alkire and Foster (2007), Alkire and Foster (2009), entre otros. Estos modelos conservan un análisis unidimensional, y, no desarrollan los atributos entre dimensiones e individuos. Por lo tanto, esta investigación propone complementar y mejorar los modelos existentes anteriormente señalados. This document constructs multidimensional poverty models based on the combinatory and mathematic empirical analysis. This methodological approach helps complement traditional multidimensional poverty models, such as: Bourguignon and Chakravarty (2003), Deutch and Silver (2005), Alkire and Foster (2007), Alkire and Foster (2009), among others. These models maintain a unidimensional analysis, even though the relationship protecting dimensions is independent; however, they do not develop the transactional attributes between dimensions and individuals. Therefore, our research is aimed at complementing and improving the existing models above mentioned. Páginas 85-104

Infrastructure and tourism is gradually increasing along the China&ndash, Russia border with the development of the China&ndash, Mongolia&ndash, Russia economic corridor. Facing the issues of thermal comfort and rainstorm-flood risk in the neighborhood area between China and Russia, we constructed homologous evaluation models to analyze spatial regularity and internal variations of their effect. Among the results, approximately 55% of the area was classified into the categories of &ldquo, comfort&rdquo, and &ldquo, high comfort&rdquo, in summer. Oppositely, the situation of most areas in winter corresponds to physical discomfort. On the other hand, the high-risk area of rainstorm-flood in spring and summer is principally located in the northern and southern regions, respectively, while this is further expanded in autumn. After that, the risk level turns to medium and low. Subsequently, a comprehensive assessment coordinate system of the two results was constructed to identify the distribution pattern of a seasonal suitable area for traveling in binary ways. The evaluation shows that Great Khingan Range in the north-western Heilongjiang province is the preferable place among most of seasons, especially in summer. While on the Russian side, the corresponding area is mainly spread over its southern coastal cities. The study is expected to provide recommendations for reasonable year-round travel time, space selection, and risk decision support for millions of people traveling between China and Russia.

This study tested and analyzed four selection operators (Elitist, Tournament, Roulette wheels and Bi-classist) and defined the best one. The forest planning problem test was based on the Johnson & Schermann (1977) type I model encompassing 52 eucalyptus stands, where 254 forest management prescriptions were created. The genetic algorithm (GA) was built in Visual Basic® Microsoft® and its sets of parameters were: initial population (300), crossover (10%), mutation (10%) and replacement (60%). The measuring variables were: minimum, median and maximum values; coefficient of variation for the fitness and the processing time. It was also applied the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test with 5% of the probability to check the differences among selection operators of 30 samples. The results showed that the selection operators presented different efficiency and effectiveness according to Kruskal-Wallis test for 5% of probability. The decreasing sequence of efficiency was: Roulette wheels, Tournament, Elitist and Bi-classist. The lower percentage deviations matched from the exact solution were: 2.75% (Elitist), 2.15% (Tournament), 0.90% (Roulette wheels) and 2.40% (Bi-classist). The best selection operator tested was the one that follows the Roulette wheels.

El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar determinados aspectos relacionados con la gestión de la demanda turística internacional en Costa Rica. Los tour operadores y agencias de viajes, entre otros agentes, tienen dificultades para satisfacer la demanda turística por actividades como caminatas por senderos, observación de aves, observación de flora y fauna, visita a volcanes, entre otras. La oferta de esas actividades es organizada sin conocimiento de la mejor opción combinatoria o paquetes. Se analiza la tendencia global de las preferencias de los visitantes en 2001-2007. El modelo de análisis se basa instrumentos de la teoría microeconómica y herramientas estadísticas.