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With the continuous development of the international civil aviation transportation industry, the importance of aviation safety has become increasingly important, and Chinese disruptive behaviors have gradually increased by natural reasons, objective factors, and digital era. By analyzing the scope, reasons and legislative status of disruptive behavior on Chinese civil aircraft, the author explored legislative ways to further restrain disruptive behaviors on civil aircraft. In order to improve Chinese aviation transportation safety, the author studied the Tokyo Convention, the Montreal Convention and the International Civil Aviation Convention vertically, and compared the practice of foreign legislation horizontally of disruptive behaviors, so as to make recommendations on relevant laws, jurisdiction, punishment measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Besides the fact that civil and military aerospace are governed by the same physics and design fundamentals, differences exist between the initial and continued airworthiness criteria for these two aviation fields. Whereas civil aerospace is highly regulated by national and international organizations, the military is mainly governed by national regulations or, in multinational projects, by agreed-upon regulations. A trend exists towards the homogenization of rules in both fields; however, due to national security interests, these are generally agreed upon on a case-by-case basis. This review aims to provide an overview of the processes employed for initial and continued airworthiness of civil and military aviation, focusing on the similitudes and differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of intense competition in the global civil aircraft market, aircraft manufacturers exhibit a high degree of innovative activity. Development of more efficient powerplants, navigation systems, radio electronics, and aviation materials facilitates creation of high-tech modern aircraft. Successful commercialization of innovations requires active marketing support for the development, production, and market promotion of modern civil aircraft. The problem of commercialization of innovations has been discussed in numerous research publications, which note the key role of marketing in promoting new and modified goods and services. However, the issues of marketing of innovations in such a knowledge-intensive and high-tech industry as aeronautical engineering have not received due attention in theoretical studies and research publications. The objective of the article is to identify the features and promising opportunities of marketing management of the implementation and commercial development of innovative products and technical and technological solutions in civil aeronautical engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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To ensure or increase enterprises' preference in the increasing competition in the civil aviation sector, they should give importance to customer satisfaction and, therefore, to personnel behavior. This study aims to investigate the effect of interactional justice on unethical behavior and the role of turnover intention in this interaction on personnel who are directly related to the customer and the organization. In this study, which was designed with quantitative research methods, the data obtained from 409 civil aviation workers in 2022-2023 using the convenience sampling method were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS 22 programs. In the findings obtained, it was seen that the effect of interactional justice perceptions on unethical behaviors was not significant and the intention to quit job did not have a moderating role in the relationship between interactional justice perceptions and unethical behavior. In addition to these results, it was seen that employees' intention to leave their jobs positively and significantly affects their unethical behaviors, and interactional justice perceptions affect their intention to leave their jobs negatively and significantly. Although it is possible to mention that the interactional justice perceptions have a negative effect on their unethical behaviors, it is seen that this effect is not significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to ensure or increase the preference of enterprises in the increasing competition in the civil aviation sector, it should give importance to customer satisfaction and therefore to personnel behavior. It is aimed to investigate the effect of interactional justice on unethical behavior and the role of turnover intention in this interaction on personnel who are directly related to the customer and the organization. In this study, which was designed with quantitative research methods, the data obtained from 409 civil aviation workers in 2022-2023 using the convenience sampling method were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS 22 programs. In the findings obtained, it was seen that the effect of interactional justice perceptions on unethical behaviors was not significant and the intention to quit job did not have a moderating role in the relationship between interactional justice perceptions and unethical behavior. In addition to these results, it was seen that employees' intention to leave their job positively and significantly affects their unethical behaviors, and interactional justice perceptions affect their intention to leave their job negatively and significantly. Although it is possible to mention that the interactional justice perceptions have a negative effect on their unethical behaviors, it is seen that this effect is not significant.

The specifics and prospects of development of the Russian civil aircraft industry under sanctions pressure from Western countries have been considered. The study analyzes secondary data from open sources. The main provisions and conclusions of the work are as follows. The United States of America and its European satellites have imposed comprehensive sanctions against Russian air carriers, including a ban on aircraft deliveries. Lessors who owned foreign airplanes made demands for their return, and foreign registrars suspended airworthiness certificates for domestic airplanes. Western sanctions against Russian airlines have caused significant damage to Russia, but have also become a serious stimulus for the domestic aviation industry development. Significant time and investment will be required to resolve the problems encountered. Russia has the necessary potential to restore the aviation industry and ensure safe passenger and cargo transportation in the required volume. The country is currently working systematically to revitalize the industry, implementing advanced developments and establishing serial production of a wide range of civil aircraft. The success of the domestic aviation industry development depends mainly on the state’s efforts, as it has the access to almost all production and design capacities. In addition, effective measures are needed to influence the air transportation industry in order to balance the supply and demand for aircraft.

Considering several sources that cause global position system (GPS) interference in civil aviation and the challenges faced by interference recognition algorithms in terms of efficiency and accuracy, we propose an improved You Only Look Once (YOLO)v7‐CHS algorithm (YOLOv7‐CHS) and investigate its effectiveness in identifying GPS signals and different types of interference signals. First, continuous wavelet transform (CWT) is introduced as a method for processing and analyzing signals in the time–frequency (TF) domain to effectively obtain their temporal and spectral characteristic information. Second, the ConvNeXt structure is integrated into the YOLOv7 backbone network to create a ConvNeXtBlock (CNeB) module to enhance the classification and recognition accuracy of interference signals. Additionally, an attention mechanism is introduced to further improve model recognition accuracy. To effectively improve the capability of signal feature extraction and mitigate the impact of background noise on TF feature suppression, we have integrated the efficient channel attention (ECA) channel attention module with the convolutional block attention module (CBAM) spatial attention module, thereby proposing a hybrid CBAM and ECA (HCE) attention module. Last, to address issues arising from accidental deletion of detection frames and multipath interference negatively affecting model recognition performance, we have employed the soft nonmaximum suppression (Soft‐NMS) algorithm while selecting an optimal loss function through comparative analysis. The comparative evaluation experimental results under different circumstances show that YOLOv7‐CHS achieves recognition accuracies of 98.0% and 99.6% for various types of signals, respectively. These values represent an increase of 1.7% and 1%, respectively, compared to YOLOv7. Moreover, in terms of lightweight indicators, YOLOv7‐CHS exhibits a significant improvement in performance: the frames per second (FPS) is increased by 75.1, the number of parameters (Params) was reduced by 4.75 M, and giga floating point operations per second (GFLOPs) were reduced by 65.9 G while effectively enhancing recognition capabilities. The proposed YOLOv7‐CHS not only improves signal recognition accuracy but also reduces model Params and computational complexity, achieving a lightweight model with promising application prospects in the rapid detection and recognition of GPS interference sources in civil aviation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective communication, collaboration, and coordination among teams are vital for successfully executing flight operations. Aim of the study is to assess the intra-team communication, coordination, and collaboration skills of cabin crew candidates, to understand their sense of belonging aimed at fostering team spirit, and to evaluate their awareness of acting as a cohesive unit. An ancillary objective of the study is to determine whether the demographic characteristics demonstrate statistically significant differences concerning the research variables. In light of these objectives, quantitative research methods were employed, utilizing a face-to-face survey technique that included a scale encompassing five main dimensions: collaboration, communication, team flexibility, sense of belonging, and team competencies. Primary data were obtained from 387 participants who were in the position of cabin crew candidates, accessed through convenience sampling in the airline industry. The acquired data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software package. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that cabin crew candidates exhibited high levels of team dynamics, including belonging, collaboration, communication, and flexibility, as well as overall team skills. Correlation analysis revealed positive and significant relationships among these variables. In light of these findings, certain inferences and evaluations are expected to contribute to both the literature and the practice of civil aviation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To characterize the impact of a RFI signal on the effective carrier-to-noise power density ratio, C/N0, of a GNSS receiver is very important for civil aviation standardization procedures in order to define Radio Frequency Interference (RFI)/jamming robustness test for two reasons. First, the prediction of the effective C/N0 is fundamental to predict the minimum performance attainable by an airborne GNSS receiver and to adjust the tests accordingly. Second, the receiver’s estimation of the effective C/N0 can allow the detection of the jamming presence and thus can help the receiver to adapt to the RFI situation. This problematic is analyzed with the introduction of three C/N0 definitions, statistical C/N0 which is the statistical prediction of the effective C/N0, real C/N0 which is the true effective C/N0 faced by the receiver and estimated C/N0 which is the value provided by a C/N0 estimator. Three conditions of validity are given to establish a relationship of equality between the three terms: ergodicity, centered RFI contribution at the correlator output and C/N0 estimator characteristics. To evaluate this last condition, Narrow-Wideband Power Ratio (NWPR), Signal-to-Noise Variance (SNV), Beaulieu and Moments Methods (MM) estimators are inspected and their expected mean value in presence of a generic RFI is theoretically derived. Finally, a full analysis is conducted for a RFI chirp signal showing that not all chirp signals are able to allow a statistical prediction of its effective C/N0 (condition of validity 1) and that NWPR and SNV are the more robust estimators (condition of validity 3) against this type of RFI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A growing threat for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) service is Radio Frequency Interference (RFI). An important class of GNSS RFI signatures is time dependent frequency pattern signals, generically termed here as chirp signals radiated by Personal Privacy Devices which are jammers with a continuously growing (and illegal) use. The analysis of the impact of chirp signals on GNSS receivers is of the utmost importance in civil aviation. Civil aviation spectrum regulations characterize the Radio Frequency environment of the Safety-of Life GNSS service at signal processing level by comparing the effective carrier-to-noise power density ratio (C/N0,eff), calculated from a degradation of the nominal C/N0, to a C/N0 threshold. Therefore, in this work the mathematical model of the theoretical C/N0 degradation of the received useful signal in presence of a chirp signal is derived from the traditional calculation of the Spectrum Separation Coefficient (SSC) and the theoretical RFI chirp signal power spectrum density, whihc is also developed in this work. Moreover, the impact of the chirp signal characteristics on the SSC and C/N0 degradation are commented. Finally, the applicability of the proposed model based on the SSC is also analyzed from the GNSS signal, receiver local replica and RFI chirp signal characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cold wave is a hazardous event experienced in the middle latitudes during the winter that significantly influences civil aviation. This study utilized the fifth‐generation ECMWF reanalysis (ERA5) data and aerodrome routine meteorological reports (METARs) from 36 airports in China to analyze the impacts of a cold‐wave event from November 26 to 30, 2022. We assessed the effects on wind, visibility, thunderstorms, precipitation, ground‐icing conditions, in‐flight aircraft icing conditions, and clear air turbulence. The results indicated that regions affected by the cold wave shifted from northwest to southeast, with notable impacts on wind, precipitation, and icing conditions. Strong winds, particularly crosswinds, affected airports in coastal regions and narrow valleys, enhancing wind speeds and creating hazardous conditions. Ground‐icing conditions were prevalent, with 23 out of 36 airports experiencing significant icing, notably in Northeast, Central, southern, and eastern China. In‐flight icing conditions were identified in the lower and middle troposphere, primarily affecting Northwest, Northeast, and Central China and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. At cruising levels, the cold wave introduced light clear air turbulence. This study provides valuable insights for improving civil aviation operations during cold‐wave events, emphasizing the need for preventive measures and early warning systems to mitigate potential risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the International Air Transport Association (IATA), Vietnam is among the countries with the rapid development of civil aviation (CA). This development is a positive sign to enhance the role and position of Vietnam civil aviation in the civil aviation community. But at the same time, the increase in flight operations poses challenges to flight safety, increases the load on airspace and airports, and pollutes the environment. The Ho Chi Minh City (HCM) airspace is one of the largest and busiest airspace in Southeast Asia. Every year, thousands of flights depart, arrive, and cross the HCM (VVTS) airspace. In addition, aviation operations in the HCM airspace are becoming increasingly complex (they include activity of state aviation, civil and general aviation), which requires the continuous improvement of airspace management. Airspace management, in turn, requires a certain flexibility and a quick response to difficulties arising in the airspace. One of the important components of the HCM airspace is the airspace of the HCM Area Control Centre (ACC1 airspace). At present, the structure of the HCM ACC airspace, which is divided into 6 sectors, shows signs of congestion, which leads to an increase in the workload of air traffic controllers (ATC). Therefore, the HCM ACC airspace redesign is imperative. In this regard, the authors of the article consider the issue of dividing the HCM ACC airspace into 8 sectors and the proposals which are necessary for its implementation. According to the authors, the HCM airspace redesign will contribute to improving air traffic management (ATM) quality, increasing airspace capacity, and reducing ATC workload.

This paper focuses on the neglected subject of the beginnings of civil aviation in Nigeria in the aftermath of World War I. Until now, the literature on civil aviation in British colonial Africa had focused largely on Kenya, Central and South Africa and on post-World War II West Africa. This paper, relying on previously unexploited archival material, examines policy debates and options considered by the Colonial Office, the Air Ministry and the Nigerian colonial government. The unique, pioneering aviation drive of Nigeria's Governor Hugh Clifford took place in the context of immediate post-World War I dynamics: economic vicissitudes, Anglo-French rivalry in West Africa and the policy interface between London and the colonies. This paper demonstrates that aviation development in Nigeria had roots in the early 1920s, and that the initiative was not a metropolitan monopoly, thereby illustrating the extent of colonial gubernatorial autonomy vis-à-vis London. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper aims to investigate the interrelationship of service quality experience with customer satisfaction, purchase intention and also test the mediating role of customer satisfaction. Specifically, it intends to examines the direct relationship of service quality with customer satisfaction & purchase intention. The purpose of this study is to test this relationship in context of the domestic civil aviation market in India. The SERVPERF scale was adapted, and modified using scale development procedures for simultaneously measuring customer satisfaction & purchase intention. This modified self-reporting questionnaire was distributed to flyers of various domestic airlines, waiting inside the domestic terminals using convenience random sampling technique. Thus, a total of 864 samples were collected from various airports geographically dispersed across the country. The data collected was computed for analyzing the factor structure using exploratory factor analysis and, the measurement model was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis. Similarly, the hypothesized relationships, were tested using a structural equation model (SEM). The findings supported all the hypotheses, confirming the interrelationship of service quality experience with customer satisfaction & purchase intention along the mediating role of customer satisfaction. Finally, it provides theoretical and practical implications of the findings on the business sustainability of the domestic scheduled commercial airlines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to comprehensively explore sustainability practices, guidelines, and emerging trends in the airline industry through an in-depth analysis of their sustainability reviews. A thorough bibliometric analysis of airline sustainability was conducted using the Scopus Database. Additionally, employing text-mining techniques, a meticulous analysis focused on the sustainability reports of the leading 20 airlines compared to the subsequent 20, considered as followers, in the textual examination of sustainability reports. The results revealed thematic disparities between these two cohorts. The top 20 airlines prioritized significant concerns such as safety and other sustainability-related aspects like biodiversity. In contrast, follower companies placed a higher emphasis on financial considerations. This analysis illuminates the primary focuses of airlines and the spectrum of sustainability-related issues. Moreover, offering valuable insights for both researchers and industry practitioners, this study presents a repository of pertinent data related to sustainability practices in the aviation sector. Integrating text mining and bibliometric analysis emphasizes essential facets of airline sustainability, resulting in a comprehensive overview of the research landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the significant expansion of civil aviation, particularly in the low-altitude economy, there is a significant gap between the escalating demand for airworthiness certification of novel aircraft designs, such as electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) vehicles, and the inefficiency of the current safety assessment process. This gap is partially attributed to safety assessors' limited exposure to these innovative aircraft models in the safety assessment process, necessitating extensive efforts in identifying precedents and their handling strategies. Complicating matters further, pertinent case studies are scattered across diverse, unstandardized digital formats, obliging assessors to navigate voluminous electronic records while concurrently establishing links among fragmented information scattered across multiple files. This study introduces an advanced information integration methodology, comprising a multi-level path-based architecture and a self-updating algorithm. The proposed method not only furnishes safety assessors with pertinent knowledge featuring explicative interconnectedness automatically, but also dynamically enriches this knowledge corpus through operational usage. Additionally, we devise a suite of evaluative criteria to validate the capacity of our method in processing and consolidating relevant safety datasets. Experimental analyses affirm the efficacy of our proposed approach in streamlining and refreshing safety assessment data. The automation of the retrieval of analogous cases, which relieves the reliance on expert knowledge, enhances the efficiency of the overall safety appraisal procedure. Consequently, this research contributes a solution to enhancing the velocity and accuracy of aircraft certification processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Besides the fact that civil and military aerospace are governed by the same physics and design fundamentals, differences exist between the initial and continued airworthiness criteria for these two aviation fields. Whereas civil aerospace is highly regulated by national and international organizations, the military is mainly governed by national regulations or, in multinational projects, by agreed-upon regulations. A trend exists towards the homogenization of rules in both fields; however, due to national security interests, these are generally agreed upon on a case-by-case basis. This review aims to provide an overview of the processes employed for initial and continued airworthiness of civil and military aviation, focusing on the similitudes and differences.

The article is devoted to the justification of the need to unify the national legislation of Ukraine with the acts of the European Union in the field of human rights, in particular, the rights of air passengers. The article summarizes the analysis of the effectiveness of existing legal acts and mechanisms aimed at ensuring a high level of protection of the rights and safety of air passengers in specific situations. It is claimed that Ukraine undertakes to bring national legislation in the field of air passenger rights protection into full compliance with EU acts, despite the biggest challenge on the way to building democracy in Ukraine - the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation and the closure of Ukrainian airspace for today. The development of legal mechanisms to protect the rights of air passengers is determined not only by the desire to ensure their safety during travel, but also contributes to the development of the aviation industry in general. The need to pay attention to the protection of the rights of air passengers in the process of implementation of EU acts is emphasized, since human rights standards require proper study and implementation for the effective use of common air space, restoration of air navigation infrastructure. The main attention is focused on the peculiarities of the harmonization of national and European standards, which requires significant efforts and a large number of measures on the part of the state, in particular, the proper implementation of EU acts regarding the rights of air passengers and the protection of consumer rights. Next steps regarding further obligations of Ukraine were also analyzed. Increasing attention to the protection of the rights of air passengers is of practical importance for increasing the effectiveness of cooperation between Ukraine and the EU in the field of human rights and creating a modern legal framework for aviation regulations regarding the rights of air passengers in the country. Tasks that need to be completed for the successful integration of Ukraine into the common aviation space of the EU are highlighted. The experience of law enforcement for the protection of the rights of EU air passengers will contribute to the restoration of our state’s capabilities for the safety of civil aviation flights. Conducting research in this direction is a relevant and necessary scientific search. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article emphasizes the significance of non-technical skills in the civil aviation industry. It presents a comprehensive framework of 15 non-technical skills that are crucial for superior performance in the sector, including communication, leadership, problem-solving, and teamwork. The document discusses the importance of these skills for air traffic controllers, aircraft maintenance professionals, and cabin crew members, and highlights the regulations governing their training. It also addresses the challenges faced by human resource managers in assessing the impact of non-technical skills training and suggests strategies for overcoming these challenges. The article calls for further research to validate the model for each profession and develop a competency reference and questionnaire. [Extracted from the article]

As an integral part of the civil aviation network, the freight network is an indispensable and important channel in the logistics and transportation. As the construction of the cargo network continues to increase, the environment has become more complex. The challenges posed by its risks place higher demands on the robustness of the freight network. The improvement of network robustness, the establishment of preventive measures, and the stabilization of transportation network are the basis for health management and construction of aviation network. Therefore, in this paper, the robustness of the civil aviation air cargo network was deeply studied by combining the SCARA robot dynamics model. On the basis of the general situation of the development of the freight network, a basic understanding of the complex characteristics of the network structure was obtained. Then the robustness analysis provided support for the subsequent network optimization, and a robust controller was constructed using the dynamic model. Finally, the network state changes under random attack and selection attack were observed through simulation experiments. The simulation data has showed that the degree of change in the outer freight network after re-identification and optimization is very significant. The growth rates of the number of routes, average degree, network efficiency and clustering coefficient were 12.16%, 10.07%, 13.14% and 5.47%, respectively, the average path length also decreased by 4.63% due to the increase of isolated nodes. This shows that the optimal control under the SCARA robot dynamics model improves the overall robustness of the civil aviation air cargo network, which has important practical value for planning and improving the structure of the air cargo network, maintaining stable cargo transportation capacity, and improving logistics efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article considers the application of the analysis method using graph theory to determine critical points in the air networks of Ukraine, Turkey and Moldova. The goal is to identify critical points in the above-mentioned aerial networks. The reason is the probability of resuming air traffic between Ukraine and neighboring countries (with the exception of the Russian Federation). The data on the network is obtained from collections of aeronautical information. Modeling was performed in the Python software environment using libraries for processing and visualizing the received data. The main criteria used to determine the criticality of a radio navigation point are Betweenness centrality and Closeness centrality. In addition, the collection and comparison of statistical data on the number of routes and radio navigation points in each of the studied countries will be performed. The obtained data are useful, because it will give an opportunity to compare the results with those obtained during the study of the Ukrainian network and for air navigation service providers to improve the existing network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The airport collaborative decision making can effectively improve the operational efficiency of airports， so as to improve the operational efficiency of the whole civil aviation transportation network. The relevant standards，policy files and research papers of collaborative decision making are compiled in this paper. The development history of in airports and the current situation of research and application on collaborative decision making in academia and industry，both in China and abroad are collated. The future development trend of collaborative decision making in airports and the challenges faced by collaborative decision making in the current period are discussed and analyzed. Some suggestions for the development of collaborative decision making in airports based on the actual situation in China are given. The theoretical support and basis for improving the operational efficiency and economic benefits of airports and the whole air transportation network are summarized. The study in this paper can provide theoretical support and basis for operational efficiency and economic efficiency of the whole air traffic network.

With the rapid development of the civil aviation industry, flight delays caused by convective weather are becoming increasingly severe. In terminal airspace with complex traffic environments, these delays can propagate to subsequent arrivals and departures, thereby affecting the operational efficiency of the terminal airspace and potentially disrupting the entire air traffic system. Accurate short-term forecasting of convective weather can help reduce flight delays, improve airspace utilization, and decrease the workload of air traffic controllers. This study, grounded in supervised deep learning, addresses civil aviation operational requirements by developing a short-term forecasting model for convective weather based on a Convolutional Neural Network-Transformer (CNN-Transformer). The model leverages eight types of weather products from civil aviation weather radar and ERA5, including basic reflectance, echo top, vertically integrated liquid, relative humidity, temperature, U-component of wind, V-component of wind, and vertical velocity. The training was conducted using 241 datasets, totaling 23,881 samples. To evaluate the model’s validity, ablation studies were performed on each parameter, and its performance was compared with the Centroid Method, Optical Flow, CNN-CNN, and CNN-Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-LSTM). According to six evaluation indicators, traditional radar echo extrapolation showed better forecast accuracy within 1 hour, while the CNN-Transformer-based short-term forecasting model for convective weather demonstrated superior performance for 2-6 hour forecasts.

The information flows of communication systems during aircraft ground handling operations at one of the largest airports in the Russian Federation are studied to determine the minimum sufficient resource of the radio communication system as one of the communication channels. The technological schedule of aircraft maintenance is given and its example shows the complexity and parallelism of aircraft maintenance processes. Also on the basis of the technological maintenance schedule the list of necessary communication resources with description of specific works of each group and their expected load is developed. Three stages of research for modernization of communications are described. At the first stage, the available and necessary conditions for the functioning of communication systems under conditions of frequency resource shortage are established and the communication technology to be implemented is determined (in this case it referred to the construction of DMR Tier III radio network). At the second stage, statistics on the use of the radio network is accumulated, specific tasks, the work of groups, and their radio exchange is analyzed. At the third stage, based on the data obtained earlier, a conclusion is made about certain weaknesses of the system, recommendations are developed for its modification to reduce the number of customer service failures and improve the efficiency of aircraft ground handling operations, as well as for the work of emergency and security services. The study showed several key indicators, namely: the availability of communication channels, the number of communication channels to fulfil the technological service schedule, retention of the communication channel, and strict adherence to negotiation regulations.

The carbon peaking and carbon neutralization goals have brought significant pressure and challenges to China’s civil aviation industry. Research on carbon reduction strategies for the industry has attracted great attention from China and abroad. This study summarizes the development status of and requirements for the low-carbon development of the global aviation industry (particularly commercial aircrafts), analyzes the carbon reduction status and problems of China’s civil aviation industry, and proposes corresponding development goals and basic ideas. Through industrial planning, product innovation, low-carbon energy utilization, and airline operation, carbon neutralization of China’s civil aviation industry is expected to be achieved by 2060, thus to form a green and low-carbon development pattern. Technological innovation is the key driving force for promoting the low-carbon transformation of the civil aviation industry. Therefore, we propose the following suggestions: planning the development and key technology research of low-carbon commercial aircrafts, accelerating the commercial application of sustainable aviation fuels, and developing intelligent aviation to promote low-carbon operations.

International tourism is highly dependent on air travel, which enhances destination countries’ economic growth and living standards while causing environmental degradation. This study investigates the effect of air travel on environmental degradation in BRICS nations. The study used feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) to evaluate the environmental Kuznets curve using data spanning 1995 to 2018. The study finds evidence of N-shaped EKC in the economies of the BRICS nations. We also find a positive relationship between tourism, urbanization, and environmental degradation (as measured by CO2 and SO2 emissions from civil aviation) and a negative relationship between economic development and environmental degradation. To achieve sustainable growth and environmental protection and promote green technology, the BRICS governments should devise policies that address the aviation industry’s short- and long-term needs.

The object of the study is the personnel potential of aviation. The paper considers the problem of the effectiveness of monitoring the quality of airline personnel. According to the results of the study, it was stated that the stable growth in the volume of international cargo and passenger air transportation requires full-fledged provision of aviation with highly qualified specialists, a shortage of which has been observed in airlines in most countries of the world for several years. It is emphasized that a shortage of highly qualified specialists can be avoided only with the introduction of monitoring of the qualitative composition of the aviation personnel potential according to the competence approach. An algorithm has been developed for monitoring the qualitative composition of human resources based on the audit of compliance of professional competencies of civil aviation personnel with international standards of ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization), EASA (European Union Aviation Safety Agency), IATA (International Air Transport Association) using triangulation of mixed methods. The expediency of using the monitoring results as a fundamental basis for building a centralized information platform with open access to information resources on the qualitative composition of the personnel potential of airlines and the industry is justified. It is reasonable that the implementation in practice of the algorithm for monitoring human resources according to the competence approach will allow stakeholders to have a clear understanding of the level of professional competence of personnel and the need to improve it in the short term, which will accelerate the elimination of the existing shortage of highly qualified specialists by timely taking measures to amend state programs for training civil aviation specialists, improving their qualifications and certification. It is emphasized that the application of this algorithm is possible in the presence of a sectoral qualifications framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Detailed research on the effect of geomagnetic storms (GSs) on air crash investigations, which is a very important space weather event and could be the main reason for most aircraft accidents, especially unexplained accidents, has not been done by this time. In this study, we investigated the effect of GSs depending on seasonal changes, solar activity, and geomagnetic activity (GA) over 115 years of aircraft accidents from the decreasing phase of the Solar Cycle (SC) 15 to the increasing phase of SC 25. In our analysis, the accident rates of 1959 air crash events correspond to 68 %, 22 %, 8 %, and 2 % due to mechanical and pilotage reasons, unknown reasons, bad weather conditions, and turbulence that might be related to GSs are obtained for latitudes between ± 10⁰ ≤ φ ≤ ±90⁰ in the northern and southern hemispheres. The MATLAB R2018a Programming Language is used to determine and draw all data in our statistical analyses. Nevertheless, we reconstructed the GA indices such as Dst, K p , A p , aa , and am for 1919–2023 by using the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Forecasting Model for years without observations and therefore missing data. The first important result is that the number of aircraft accidents increased in the decreasing phases of solar activity cycles (SACs) depending on the effective structure of the coronal holes rather than increasing phases. The second important result is that the highest number of accidents occurred in the equinoxes in March and September (and mostly at the beginning of October) while the lower number of accidents was seen in the solstices such as June and December. The third important result is that the rate of accidents depends on how many storms were seen in the decreasing phase of SACs. The SC maximum intensity value that reaches the higher number, or even the duration of the SC will not affect aircraft accidents directly. The GA indices do not follow a regular pattern according to the SC shows that we should look at the geomagnetic structure of the intensity of three elements of a magnetic field of Earth as D (Declination), H (Horizontal), and z (Vertical), and therefore their intensities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air transport terrorism is as old as the emergence of civil aviation itself. Illegal acts such as “air piracy” (aircraft hijacking); “aircraft destruction”; and kidnapping of passengers (“hostage-taking of passengers”) were popular ways of terrorizing air transport. To guide against the continuous perpetration of these heinous acts, the International Civil Aviation Organization member states wagged war through certain instruments such as definition, punishment, extradition of the offenders and the State with jurisdiction over the offence are stated in the anti-air terrorism conventions. Yet the various acts of terrorism persist to the extent that new emerging aviation terrorism activities are springing up either for political, economic or religious ideology. It is on this note that this paper analyses the instruments from the Islamic law perspective to the dynamism and development of Islamic law in its interaction with modern issues or practices such as civil aviation terrorism. The paper is doctrinal wherein qualitative legal research methodology is adopted. The primary and secondary sources of international civil aviation and Islamic law are analysed to achieve the aim and objectives of the paper. It is found that the act of air terrorism is rightly impermissible under Islamic law. It further finds that the definition of the offence under Islamic Law is wider than that of conventional law; jurisdiction is universal; punishment is more severe; and extradition is compulsory. The paper concludes that the act of terrorism in whatever form is tantamount to waging war against the principle of Maqasid al-Shari‘ah. The paper therefore recommends an urgent review of international civil aviation law instruments against air terrorism, particularly the provisions relating to punishment and jurisdiction, to be in line with Islamic law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Civil aviation's contribution to the increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is well established. Similarly, the tourism or leisure travel sector is known as the major driver of commercial air travel. While mitigation efforts to reduce the sector's impact, such as carbon offsetting, are available, availing of such efforts has cost implications for the traveler. This present research combined the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the value-beliefnorm (VBN) theory to determine the influences on air travelers' willingness-to-pay (WTP) for green air travel. A total of 305 respondents were surveyed for this paper. The findings were generally consistent with literature on the applicability of TPB and VBN as influences on pro-environmental behavior. Results showed that attitudes and subjective norms significantly influence WTP. The results also established that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control significantly mediated the effects of egoistic, altruistic, and biospheric values on air travelers' WTP for green air travel. Businesses may consider the findings in designing green products, crafting messaging calling for increased pro-environmental behavior, and evaluating the premium that customers are willing to pay to patronize green products or behave pro-environmentally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clustering is an important means to solve the poor scalability of aeronautical ad hoc networks (AANET). To improve the stability and performance of AANET and avoid unnecessary waste of resources caused by civil aircraft in communication, we proposed a zero-overhead clustering algorithm according to the real-time position of the aircraft based on the known trajectory. Firstly, the route and trajectory models are used to obtain geographical coordinates by the aircraft positioning algorithm. On this basis, the geographical cluster and cluster head region are divided in order to complete the cluster setting. Considering the aircraft maintenance cluster generation time updates, we use the communication sub-cluster generation algorithm to control the size of the cluster, and also, the flexibility of cluster hops is guaranteed by the subsidiary cluster members. The continuity of communication and the scalability of the cluster are maintained by the gateway node, thereby forming a network structure and increasing the stability of clusters. Finally, the actual route data are used to simulate the performance of the algorithm. The experimental and analytical results show that clustering and maintenance of the algorithm have zero overhead. Additionally, compared with the traditional algorithm, our proposed method can maintain a reasonable number of clusters, reduce the frequency of cluster head replacement, reduce the number of cluster members entering and leaving the cluster and avoid the loss of control of cluster heads to cluster members. So, it has important application value in the field of civil aviation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid growth of urbanization in China has led to a substantial escalation in the demand for civil aviation services, consequently propelling China to the third-largest contributor of carbon emissions within the aviation sector. Using the 2012–2021 data on takeoffs and landings of civil aviation aircraft in China, the aircraft engine emission factor database of the Base of Aircraft Data (BADA) from EUROCONTROL, this paper investigates the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of atmospheric pollutants, primarily carbon emissions from Chinese civil aviation aircraft in 19 megacities. The results indicate that (1) China's aviation CO2 emissions equivalent between 2012 and 2022 has been on an upward trajectory, peaking at 186.53 MT in 2019 with an average annual growth of 12.52%. The trend, albeit momentarily interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, appears to persist. (2) CO2 constitutes the highest proportion of aircraft emissions at 83.87%, with Cruise Climb Descent (CCD) cycle emissions accounting for 96.24%. CO2 and NOX, with the highest increase rates in the CCD and Landing and Takeoff (LTO) phases, respectively, are identified as the chief culprits in aviation-related greenhouse effects. (3) There is a marked spatial imbalance, with 19 megacities contributing 62.08% of total CO2 emissions, compared to the 207 least-emitting cities contributing just 9.29%. (4) The pattern of city carbon emissions is changing, with rapid growth rates in the western cities of Xinjiang, Tibet, Shaanxi, and Guizhou, and varied growth rates among megacities. The implications of this study emphasize the urgency for advancements in aviation fuel technology, rigorous management of CCD phase pollutants, strategic carbon emission controls in populous cities, fostering green aviation initiatives in western regions, diverse carbon mitigation tactics, and strengthening the precision and surveillance of aviation carbon accounting systems. Collectively, this study paints a grand picture of the complexities and challenges associated with China's urban sprawl and aviation carbon emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of gender is a concept that is a not innate, which is acquired later by society. This distinction made by the society causes one of the parties to be superior to the other or to create inequalities. Countries accept the equality of men and women primarily as an indicator of a modern, democratic and contemporary state, and then in order to strengthen a human resource. In line with acceptance, it implements public policies to ensure gender equality. In Turkey, gender equality policies are produced in the name of equality in public services, from education to health, from employment to political participation. One of the public institutions that produce public policies in order to ensure gender equality and balance between men and women is the Directorate General of Civil Aviation. With the aim of creating gender equality, a guideline has been prepared for the Development of Gender Balance in Civil Aviation. Based on this instruction, more than one activity and project were carried out. One of them is the "Aviator Women Registry" project. With this project, which was carried out in order to identify the contributions of Turkish women in aviation and to set a role model, women who broke new ground in the history of Turkish aviation were registered. The main purpose of the study is to look at the studies carried out by the DGCA on gender equality and to reveal the effect it has created with the formation of the Aviator Women's Registry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The initial evaluation index system of civil aviation flight cadets' competency was established using NVivo version 11.0 through qualitative analysis. The competency evaluation index system of civil aviation flight cadets was determined using questionnaire surveys and SPSS version 26.0, and includes four dimensions - core quality, ethical discipline, psychological quality and leadership - and another 23 indexes. The competency model was constructed using AMOS version 23.0 through factor analysis and a structural equation model, and the weight coefficient of each index at all levels was finally determined. The results showed that self-confidence and optimism, attention distribution and situational awareness are the three most important indicators affecting the competency of civil aviation flight cadets. Therefore, the model can provide references for the scientific evaluation of civil aviation flight cadets' competence and provide support for airlines and colleges to train flight cadets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The negative environmental effects of global civil aviation growth since the 19th century lead to the emergence of the "sustainable aviation" concept. This study aims to determine the current status of sustainability discussions in developing Turkish civil aviation and its alignment with global sustainable aviation policies. The research data are collected through document analysis and key expert interviews. Document analysis is to review reports on sustainable aviation and to compare two cases of AirFrance‐KLM and Turkish Airlines. Semi‐structured interviews are conducted with key experts from airline companies, public institutions, and subsidiary services in the Turkish aviation sector. The analysis results are presented under the themes of "institutional, conceptual, Turkey's current situation, motivations, role of international organizations, cooperation and coordination, problems and obstacles." The results show that the Turkish civil aviation industry is enthusiastic about catching up with international standards and is successful in keeping up with the latest technologies. The private sector is leading the sector by targeting global competitiveness. Current deficiencies stem from legislation, incentives, obligations, resources, and environmental awareness. The main contribution is to be the first source and guide for future studies that aim to shed light on policymaking in Turkey as an emerging country case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]