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Объёмистые корма (грубые, сочные), являясь основой рациона лактирующих коров в Вологодской области, требуют постоянного контроля качественных и питательных характеристик. В статье приведены фактические показатели питательности и химического состава кормов для предприятий молочного скотоводства региона. По результатам анализа прослеживается динамика ухудшения таких важных показателей как сырой протеин, клетчатка, отдельных химических элементов. Исследования проводились в лаборатории химического анализа Северо-Западного научно-исследовательского института молочного и лугопастбищного хозяйства по общепринятым методикам зооанализа. Качественные показатели, питательная ценность и химический состав объёмистых кормов в Вологодской области указывают на необходимость совершенствования региональной системы кормопроизводства для более лучшей обеспеченности сбалансированности рационов высокопродуктивных молочных коров., Bulky feeds (coarse, juicy), being the basis of the diet of lactating cows in the Vologda region, require constant monitoring of quality and nutritional characteristics. The article presents the actual indicators of nutritional value and chemical composition of feed for dairy cattle breeding enterprises in the region. According to the results of the analysis, the dynamics of deterioration of such important indicators as crude protein, fiber, and individual chemical elements is traced. The research was carried out in the laboratory of chemical Analysis of the Northwestern Research Institute of Dairy and Grassland Farming according to generally accepted methods of zooanalysis. Qualitative indicators, nutritional value and chemical composition of bulky feeds in the Vologda Oblast indicate the need to improve the regional system of feed production for better provision of balanced diets of highly productive dairy cows., Горное сельское хозяйство, Выпуск 5 2022

This bachelor thesis is focused on the quality and level of nutrition of high-yielding dairy cows of Czech spotted cattle. The work is divided into two parts. The first part consist of theoretical base of researching issues. Practical part is focused on evaluate factors participating on the quality and level of feeding and nutrition of dairy cows in clinical practice.

In the diploma thesis on the complex evaluation of livestock production in the farm with regard to the nutrition and rearing economy of individual categories of cattle, a theoretical and practical part was elaborated. The work was carried out in the company JINOS - AGRO s.r.o., which has animal production focused on breeding Holstein cattle and milk production. The theoretical part of the thesis deals generally with cattle breeding, economy of cattle breeding, animal welfare, bulky feed and compound feed. In the practical part I evaluated the analysis of large feeds, composition and price of feed ration, rearing of individual groups of cattle, milk yield, milk price development and breeding economy. The data obtained in 2014-2018 were evaluated in the thesis.

Under operational conditions the concept of nutrition and efficiency of milk cows (the breed: Holstein Friesian cattle) was assessed in the chosen agricultural enterprise during the years 2015 and 2016, as well as the production of feed for the milk cows and the economical aspect of milk production during the period of decreasing prices of its purchase. The thesis embodies the assessment of the negative impact of a low rainfall total in the locality of monitored enterprise specialising in the production of bulky feed. Because of this fact the feed amount of productive milk cows were changed in 2016. An interannual decrease of milk yield about 1,92 l per 1 peace of kettle and 1 day was recorded on the grounds of the change of feed doses. The decrease in efficiency and consequently the decrease in delivery of market milk to trade in 2016, together with low prices of purchase of milk, had direct influence on a low economical profits in the area of milk production and milk-cows breeding of the monitored enterprise.