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La crise climatique actuelle conduit à des spéculations de toutes sortes où les enjeux politiques de pouvoirs et ceux liés aux conséquences économiques rivalisent dans une surenchère médiatique permanente. Ce contexte pourrait paraître anecdotique s'il n'entraînait pas des conséquences directes sur la population et spécifiquement auprès des plus jeunes particulièrement inquiets face au désastre écologique annoncé. Les études récentes menées auprès de la jeunesse relèvent des réactions inédites regroupées derrière différents termes qui sont loin de faire consensus dont le plus emblématique est sans doute celui « d'éco-anxiété » qui se trouve utilisée sans limite. Notre contribution propose une mise au point sur ce qu'est l'éco-anxiété, ses enjeux, les troubles associés et les perspectives à envisager pour une prise en charge adaptée. The current climate crisis is leading to speculation of all kinds where the political stakes of power and those related to the economic consequences compete in a permanent media one-upmanship. This context might seem anecdotal if it did not have direct consequences on the population and specifically on the youngest who are particularly worried about the ecological disaster that has been announced. Recent studies conducted among young people have revealed unprecedented reactions grouped behind different terms that are far from gaining consensus, the most emblematic of which is undoubtedly that of "eco-anxiety", which is used without limit. Our contribution provides an overview of what eco-anxiety is, its challenges, the associated disorders and. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les patients atteints de maladies chroniques, a fortiori de maladies auto-immunes et/ou systémiques rares associées à une incertitude diagnostique importante, ont une représentation de leur maladie et un vécu de leur hospitalisation parfois prolongé(e) qui peuvent être traumatiques et anxiogènes. Cette étude avait pour objectif d'évaluer l'impact d'une intervention non médicamenteuse d'hypnose médicale dans la réduction de l'état de stress et l'amélioration du vécu des patients hospitalisés dans un Service de médecine interne. Nous avons mené une étude prospective sur 24 patients hospitalisés dans le Service de médecine interne du CHU de Lille en 2023. Douze patients ont bénéficié d'une intervention non médicamenteuse d'hypnose médicale dite du « lieu de sécurité » (groupe cas) et ont été comparés à 12 patients n'en ayant pas bénéficié (groupe témoin). Le stress était évalué par le questionnaire STAI et le vécu de l'hospitalisation par un questionnaire de satisfaction. Les 24 patients dont 13 femmes avaient un âge moyen de 55 ± 17 ans à l'inclusion. À l'entrée en hospitalisation, la médiane de l'état de stress (STAI-ETAT) entre les deux groupes était de 43,5 (38,0 ; 56,6) dans le groupe cas versus 42,0 (37,0 ; 48,5) dans le groupe témoin (p = 0,45). Dans le groupe cas, le questionnaire STAI-ETAT réalisé immédiatement après la séance d'hypnose était significativement plus bas en médiane par rapport à celui du début d'hospitalisation (30,0 [25,5 ; 36,5] vs 43,5 [38,0 ; 56,5] p = 0,003) témoignant d'une réduction significative du stress. À la fin de l'hospitalisation, on observait également une persistance significative de la réduction significative en médiane entre les cas et les témoins (29,5 [26,5 ; 35,0] pour les cas vs 41,5 [33,5 ; 45,5] pour les témoins p = 0,002). Le vécu de l'hospitalisation était meilleur dans le groupe cas (médiane 5,0 [4,5 ; 5,0] vs 4,0 [4,0 ; 4,5], p = 0,016). Cette étude suggère que l'hypnose médicale est une intervention non médicamenteuse d'accompagnement prometteuse dans la réduction du stress ressenti et dans l'amélioration du vécu de cette dernière chez des patients hospitalisés dans un Service de médecine interne. Patients with chronic illnesses, especially rare autoimmune and/or systemic diseases associated with significant diagnostic uncertainty, have a representation of their illness and a sometimes prolonged hospitalization experience that can be traumatic and anxiety-provoking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a non-medicinal medical hypnosis intervention in reducing the stress state and improving the experience of patients hospitalized in an internal medicine department. We conducted a prospective study of 24 patients hospitalized in the Internal Medicine Department of Lille University Hospital in 2023. Twelve patients received a non-drug medical hypnosis intervention known as the "place of safety" (case group) and were compared with 12 patients who did not (control group). Stress was assessed by the STAI questionnaire and hospitalization experience by a satisfaction questionnaire. The 24 patients, 13 of whom were women, had a mean age of 55 ± 17 years at inclusion. On admission to hospital, the median STAI-ETAT between the two groups was 43.5 (38.0; 56.6) in the case group versus 42.0 (37.0; 48.5) in the control group (P = 0.45). In the case group, the median STAI-ETAT questionnaire taken immediately after the hypnosis session was significantly lower than at the start of hospitalization (30.0 [25.5; 36.5] vs. 43.5 [38.0; 56.5] P = 0.003), indicating a significant reduction in stress. At the end of hospitalization, there was also a significant persistence of the median significant reduction between cases and controls (29.5 [26.5; 35.0] for cases vs. 41.5 [33.5; 45.5] for controls P = 0.002). Experience of hospitalization was better in the case group (median 5.0 [4.5; 5.0] vs. 4.0 [4.0; 4.5], P = 0.016). This study suggests that medical hypnosis is a promising non-medicinal supportive intervention for reducing perceived stress and improving the experience of stress in patients hospitalized on an internal medicine ward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To characterize the effects of adjunctive brexpiprazole on patient life engagement and depressive symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) using patient-reported outcomes. Methods: An 8-week, Phase 4, open-label, interventional study was conducted at 15 Canadian trial sites between April 2021 and May 2022. Adult outpatients with MDD (at least moderately severe) and inadequate response to 1–2 antidepressants continued their current antidepressant and received oral adjunctive brexpiprazole 0.5–2 mg/day. Co-primary endpoints were change from baseline to Week 8 in Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (IDS-SR) 10-item Life Engagement subscale score, and IDS-SR 30-item total score. Safety was assessed by standard variables. Results: Of 122 enrolled patients, 120 (98.4%) were treated (mean [ SD ] dose: 1.2 [0.4] mg/day) and analyzed, and 111 (91.0%) completed the study. Statistically significant least squares mean improvements to Week 8 were observed on IDS-SR10 Life Engagement subscale score (baseline mean [ SD ]: 16.1 [4.7]; change [95% confidence interval]: −8.11 [−9.34, −6.88]; p < 0.001) and IDS-SR total score (baseline mean [ SD ]: 41.3 [9.8]; change [95% confidence interval]: −17.38 [−20.08, −14.68]; p < 0.001). Improvements were observed from Week 2, onwards. Treatment-emergent adverse events with incidence ≥5% were fatigue (n = 13, 10.8%), headache (n = 13, 10.8%), insomnia (n = 12, 10.0%), nausea (n = 9, 7.5%), tremor (n = 8, 6.7%), and weight increase (n = 7, 5.8%). Six patients (5.0%) discontinued due to adverse events. Mean (SD) change in body weight from baseline to last visit was +1.9 (3.4) kg. Conclusions: Using an exploratory patient-reported outcome measure, patients with MDD and inadequate response to antidepressants who received open-label adjunctive brexpiprazole showed early and clinically meaningful improvement in patient life engagement, which should be further assessed in a prospective randomized controlled trial. Patient-rated depressive symptoms (on the validated 30-item IDS-SR) also improved. Adjunctive brexpiprazole was well tolerated, and no new safety signals were observed. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04830215. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Burns are a major public health issue. Psychiatric issues require special attention. According to research, lowering stigma and anxiety and raising self-esteem are efficient ways to encourage the social reintegration of burn patients. The current study was aimed at investigating the association between burn patients' anxiety, depression, low self-esteem levels and the total body surface area (TBSA) affected by burn injuries. This single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2022. A sample size of 200 burn patients was calculated. Any patient with a prior psychiatric diagnosis was disqualified from the trial except for nicotine dependency. The patients were evaluated for anxiety, depression and self-esteem using specific scales. The data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using SPSS 25.0. There was male predominance as 55% (n=110) of participants were males. The age range was 18-70 years, and the average age of participants was 36.4±8.6 years. About 68.50% of participants were married, 29.50% were unmarried and 2% were divorced/widowed. Men tended to experience anxiety symptoms more frequently. More than half (58.0%) suffered from burns involving 20-39% of total body surface area (TBSA). No significant relationship was found between TBSA and anxiety, depression or self-esteem. Psychiatric issues are highly prevalent in burn victims. More research is necessary to determine the extent and determinants of psychological issues in burn patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Notre travail a visé à évaluer l'anxiété, la dépression et le trouble de stress post-traumatique post-maladie à coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) et à identifier les facteurs associés. Nous avons mené une étude transversale durant la période allant du 1er mars 2021 au 15 mai 2021 à l'unité COVID-19 du service de pneumologie à l'hôpital Hédi Chaker Sfax (Tunisie). L'évaluation psychométrique a été réalisée à l'aide des échelles « Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale », « Impact of Event Scale-Revised » et « Self-Reported Instrument Measuring COVID-19 Related Stigma ». Notre étude a inclus 154 patients. La prévalence de l'anxiété, la dépression et le trouble de stress post-traumatique étaient de 24,7 %, 11 % et 13,6 % respectivement. Nous avons constaté une association entre la dépression et le sexe féminin (p = 0,025), l'atteinte gastro-intestinale (p = 0,002) et la stigmatisation (p = 0,002). Nous avons trouvé une association entre l'anxiété et le niveau scolaire (p = 0,034), ainsi qu'entre l'anxiété et l'asthénie (p = 0,032). L'anxiété, la dépression et le trouble stress post-traumatique étaient indépendants de la majorité des caractéristiques de la maladie, notamment la sévérité de la COVID-19. Our study aimed to assess anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder in post coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and identify associated factors. Our study is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study carried out during the period from March 1 to May 15th 2021 on patients who were hospitalized and discharged from the COVID-19 unit in the pneumology department at the Hédi Chaker hospital in Sfax (Tunisia). Patients who met all of the following criteria were included: aged 18 and over; having a diagnosis of COVID-19 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and/or by CT scan; monitored at the COVID-19 unit and who their clinical conditions did not require intensive care; survivors after 3 months of discharge; and having given their informed and informal consent to participate in the study. Our study included 154 patients. The prevalence of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder was 24.7%, 11% and 13.6% respectively. We found an association between depression and female gender (P = 0.025), gastrointestinal involvement (P = 0.002) and stigma (P = 0.002). We found an association between anxiety and grade level (P = 0.034), and between anxiety and asthenia (P = 0.032). Anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder were independent of the majority of disease characteristics including the severity of COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mesurer les niveaux d'impact de l'événement, de dépression, d'anxiété et de stress chez la population générale du Sénégal durant la pandémie de la COVID-19, et en déterminer les facteurs associés. Il s'agissait d'une étude descriptive transversale réalisée au moyen d'un questionnaire en ligne auto-administré. L'impact de l'événement et l'état de santé mentale de la population ont été évalués par l'échelle révisée d'impact de l'événement (IES-R) et l'échelle de stress, d'anxiété et de dépression dans sa version courte (DASS21). L'analyse statistique a été effectuée avec le logiciel Jamovi version 1.6.23. Les facteurs associés aux troubles dépistés ont été déterminés par une régression logistique en analyse univariée puis multivariée. Ont été retenues 447 réponses au questionnaire. Environ un cinquième de notre population (19 %) a signalé un impact psychologique modéré à sévère de la pandémie. Et 13,4 %, 5,1 % et 15,2 % ont reporté respectivement des niveaux modérés à extrêmement sévères de dépression, d'anxiété et de stress. Le fait de vivre à Dakar et de ne pas avoir été scolarisé a été associé à tous les troubles étudiés. D'autres facteurs associés avaient été retrouvés. Notre étude a permis de déterminer la prévalence du syndrome de stress post-traumatique, de la dépression, de l'anxiété et du stress dans la population générale du Sénégal pendant la pandémie de la COVID-19. Elle montre que la pandémie affecte effectivement la santé mentale de la population sénégalaise. Cette incidence est fortement influencée par la zone géographique et le niveau d'éducation. Assessing of Impact of Event, depression, anxiety and stress levels in the Senegalese general population during the COVID19 pandemic and identifying associated factors. Socio-demographic data, psychological impact of the pandemic, and mental health status of participants were collected using an online questionnaire administered to the general population of Senegal between April 1st and April 30th 2021. Psychological impact and mental health status were assessed, respectively, by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale 21 (DASS21). The data were analyzed by Jamovi software, version 1.6.23. Logistic regression in univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine statistically significant associations with a significance level of P < 0.05. We enrolled 447 respondents with 19% reporting a moderate to severe psychological impact of the outbreak. Respectively 13.4%, 5.1% and 15.2% had moderate to extremely severe symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Statistically significant associations with higher odds of severe levels of psychological impact of the event, depression, anxiety, and stress were represented by five characteristics: Living in Dakar, no formal education, a personal medical chronic disease, a close family member with a chronic medical disease and poor to very poor self-reported health status. This study determined the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and stress in the Senegalese general population during the COVID19 pandemic. Our study assessed the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and stress in the general population of Senegal during the COVID pandemic19. It confirms that the pandemic has truly an impact on the mental health of the Senegalese population. This impact is strongly influenced by geographic area and level of education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Changing lifestyles, health care, growing age, and life expectancy have contributed to the occurrence of old age in communities. The elderly population are rising who are aged 60 or older in the present scenario. They are more prone to psychosocial problems such as stress, loneliness, low self-esteem, and anxiety. These problems impact their psychological health. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at selected communities of Amritsar, Punjab. A total of 200 older adults were involved using the purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a predesigned sociodemographic pro forma and a five-point Likert scale to assess psychosocial problems among the elderly. The data collection method employed was interviewed. In the psychosocial problems assessment tool, a total of 35 items were included, which were further categorized as follows: no psychosocial problem (0--35), mild psychosocial problem (36--70), moderate psychosocial problem (71--105), and severe psychosocial problem (106--140). Results: The average age of the older adults was 69.31 ± 6.63 years, 65.5% were males and 34.5% were females. Regarding psychosocial problems, 69% had moderate, 16% had mild, 10.5% severe, and 4.5% had no problems. The median score was 90 (18). The median score was 17.50 (7) for stress, 38 (17.75) for loneliness, 18 (7.75) for anxiety, and 14 (7) for self-esteem. All the four domains, stress, loneliness, anxiety, and self-esteem, had a statistically significant relationship (P < 0.01). A statistically significant association was found between self-esteem, type of family, and anxiety with educational level. Conclusion: The study concluded that older adults in communities have significant psychosocial problems such as stress, loneliness, self-esteem, and anxiety. Collaboratively, health professionals, local community leaders, and social workers can formulate and execute a health awareness campaign to avoid these issues that cause the aged much anguish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. La pandémie de COVID-19 a intensifié les effets des facteurs de risque associés à la santé mentale des adolescents, en particulier les préoccupations financières. Par ailleurs, on sait que le soutien social offre une protection contre les problèmes de santé mentale pendant les périodes de stress. C'est dans ce cadre que nous avons exploré l'effet des préoccupations financières sur les variations des symptômes d'anxiété et de dépression chez les adolescents canadiens avant et pendant la pandémie, pour déterminer si le soutien social apporté par la famille et les amis modérait ces variations. Méthodologie. Nous avons analysé des données couplées sur deux ans provenant des vagues 2018-2019 (avant la pandémie) et 2020-2021 (pendant la pandémie) de l'étude COMPASS pour 12 995 élèves canadiens du secondaire. Nous avons réalisé une série de régressions linéaires multiniveaux pour explorer les principales hypothèses à l'étude. Résultats. Les élèves ont obtenu un score moyen de 7,2 (écart-type: 5,8) pour l'anxiété (échelle GAD-7) et de 10,0 (6,5) pour la dépression (échelle CESD-10), et 16,1 % des élèves ont déclaré avoir eu des préoccupations financières pendant la pandémie. Les préoccupations financières ont constitué un facteur de prédiction important et statistiquement significatif de scores d'anxiété plus élevés (+1,7 entre ceux qui ont répondu « vrai/le plus souvent vrai » et ceux qui ont répondu « faux/le plus souvent faux ») pendant la pandémie, mais non en ce qui concerne les scores de dépression. Il existe un lien entre un faible soutien de la part de la famille et des amis et l'anxiété ainsi qu'entre un faible soutien de la part de la famille et la dépression. Aucune interaction importante n'a été observée entre le soutien social et les préoccupations financières. Conclusion. Les préoccupations financières liées à la pandémie ont été fortement associées à l'anxiété dans notre large échantillon d'adolescents canadiens. Les initiatives cliniques et sanitaires doivent tenir compte des préoccupations financières des adolescents et de leurs liens avec l'anxiété en période de crise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sante Mentale au Quebec is the property of Revue Sante Mentale au Quebec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction. Parmi les répercussions généralisées de la pandémie de COVID-19, l'aggravation marquée des symptômes d'anxiété et de dépression est devenue une préoccupation urgente. Dans cette étude, les auteurs ont analysé la prévalence des symptômes d'anxiété et de dépression au Canada de septembre à décembre 2020, en évaluant les influences démographiques et socio-économiques ainsi que le rôle potentiel des diagnostics de COVID-19 et des expériences négatives liées à la maladie. Méthodologie. Les données ont été tirées de l'Enquête sur la COVID-19 et la santé mentale réalisée par Statistique Canada, qui a utilisé un plan d'échantillonnage à deux degrés pour recueillir les réponses de 14 689 adultes dans les dix provinces et les trois capitales territoriales, en excluant moins de 2 % de la population. Ces données ont été recueillies au moyen de questionnaires électroniques auto-administrés ou d'entrevues téléphoniques. Nous avons utilsé des techniques d'analyse comme les fréquences, les tableaux croisés et la régression logistique pour évaluer la prévalence des symptômes d'anxiété et de dépression, les caractéristiques sociodémographiques des Canadiens présentant des symptômes accrus d'anxiété et de dépression et l'association de ces symptômes avec les diagnostics de COVID-19 et les expériences négatives vécues pendant la pandémie. Résultats. L'étude a révélé que 14,62 % (intervalle de confiance [IC] à 95 % : 13,72 % à 15,51 %) des répondants présentaient des symptômes de dépression et que 12,89 % (IC à 95 % : 12,04 % à 13,74 %) ont fait état de symptômes d'anxiété. Aucune différence nette n'a été observée quant à la prévalence des symptômes entre les personnes infectées par la COVID-19 ou les proches d'une personne infectée et les personnes n'ayant pas vécu ces situations. Toutefois, il y avait de fortes associations entre les fac-teurs de risque classiques de symptômes de dépression et d'anxiété et les expériences négatives vécues pendant la pandémie, comme des problèmes de santé physique, la solitude et des difficultés dans les relations personnelles au sein du ménage. Conclusion. L'étude fournit un aperçu du lien entre COVID-19 et santé mentale au sein de la population canadienne en révélant une prévalence accrue des symptômes d'anxiété et de dépression associés aux épreuves liées à la COVID-19 et aux déterminants courants de ces symptômes avant la pandémie. D'après nos résultats, la santé mentale en période de pandémie a été principalement façonnée par les déterminants classiques des symptômes de dépression et d'anxiété ainsi que par les expériences négatives vécues au cours de la pandémie. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To date, very few studies have focused on reducing stress during pregnancy. Yet, stress can have negative impacts on the mother and her child. À systematic review without date limitation was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane. The studies were evaluated using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Finally, 16 studies were selected: 14 randomized controlled trials, one pilot study, and one mixed-method observation study. Of the 16 studies, 9 included mindfulness interventions, 3 used music therapy or aromatherapy, and 4 implemented relaxation interventions. The results show a significant reduction in stress and anxiety in pregnant women for all interventions. Other effects were observed such as an increase in mindfulness, a reduction in cortisol levels, and an improvement in sleep quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning is the property of Society for Teaching & Learning in Higher Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue de Psychoéducation is the property of La revue canadienne de psycho-education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT: During oral presentations, and especially when an exam is involved, future candidates fear speaking in a foreign language. The idea is to offer practice activities to motivate learners and calm their nerves. In this way, anxiety at the time of speaking should disturb the quality of the presentation as little as possible. To this end, we are going to propose a Pecha Kucha presentation. This type of presentation is an oral presentation, but it has some special features in terms of format compared with conventional presentations. RÉSUMÉ : Lors des présentations orales, et surtout quand il y a à la clé un examen, les futurs candidats craignent de parler dans une langue étrangère. L’idée est alors de proposer des activités d’entraînement afin de motiver l’apprenant et de le tranquilliser. Ainsi, l’anxiété au moment de s’exprimer devrait perturber le moins possible la qualité de la présentation. Pour cela nous allons proposer un travail autour de l’exposé sous la forme de Pecha Kucha. Cette modalité est une présentation orale qui présente des particularités en termes de format en comparaison avec les présentations classiques que l’on peut observer.

Cet article présente l'outil d'autoévaluation des émotions douloureuses (EED), un outil quantitatif et qualitatif conçu pour accompagner le proche dans le cadre du programme Ensemble qui propose des interventions personnalisées. L'EED comporte une partie de cotation de la fréquence des émotions douloureuses et de l'urgence du besoin d'aide vis-à-vis de celles-ci, suivie d'un échange pour définir les actions cliniques. Des données ont été collectées auprès de 73 proches de patients atteints de troubles psychiatriques. Les données démographiques, les scores de l'EED et les scores de l'inventaire bref des symptômes (Brief Symptom Inventory , BSI) sont collectés lors d'entretiens avec les intervenants du programme Ensemble. L'Impuissance et l'Anxiété sont des émotions particulièrement préoccupantes pour les proches aidants. Les analyses de validité montrent que la fréquence du ressenti des émotions douloureuses est un indice significatif de la détresse psychologique des proches aidants. Les scores obtenus avec l'EED peuvent orienter le suivi proposé par l'intervenant. Les bonnes propriétés psychométriques de l'EED et son utilisation simple en font un outil rapide à administrer et bien adapté à l'accompagnement sur mesure des proches aidants. Informal caregivers take on a variety of tasks to help their ill loved ones. Despite the personal and professional resources available, their health is sometimes impacted, and they may suffer from sleep disorders, chronic fatigue, and psychological distress. Supporting informal caregivers to prevent the risk of exhaustion entails a recognition of distressful emotions that can be associated with the role of caregiver. This article presents the Distressing Emotions Evaluation (DEE) tool, a quantitative and qualitative tool designed to support informal caregivers in the context of the Ensembl e program which proposes tailored and individualized interventions. Ensemble is independent of the patient's treatment and follow-up and its objective is to offer individual support to informal caregivers. It is structured in three phases spread over five one-hour sessions: an evaluation phase, followed by a support phase and finally an assessment phase. During the first phase, a professional trained in Ensemble 's methods assesses the needs, difficulties, painful emotions, and social resources of the informal caregiver. The DEE includes a rating scale, assessing the frequency of distressing emotions and the urgency of the need for help with dealing with them, followed by a dialogue to identify clinical actions. To assess the psychometric properties of the DEE, data were collected from 73 informal caregivers of patients with psychiatric disorders. The DEE tool consists of an inventory of cards illustrating eight distressful emotions: anxiety, anger, confusion, guilt, helplessness, feeling judged by others, loneliness, and sadness/distress. Demographic data, DEE scores, and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) scores were collected during interviews with Ensemble practitioners. Helplessness and anxiety are particularly distressing emotions for informal caregivers. Indeed, they are among the most frequently reported emotions (present for 88 % and 71 % of the participants, respectively), and are the emotions for which unmet need for help is the most urgent (in 49 % and 40 % of the participants, respectively). Validity analyses with reference to associations with BSI scores show that the frequency of experiencing distressing emotions is a significant indicator of the psychological distress of informal caregivers. DEE scores can inform a practitioner's follow-up, e.g., with tools for managing emotions. The positive psychometric properties of the DEE, and its simple use based on illustrated card sorting which facilitates verbalization, make it a tool that is readily administered and well suited to the personalized support of informal caregivers. Based on the EED tool, the results demonstrated that helplessness and anxiety are very frequent painful emotions for informal caregivers and that there is a need for help that is not currently met by existing support services. The engaging clinical EED tool makes it easier to work with informal caregivers. This approach can be used to increase health literacy in personalized interventions focused on the recovery paradigm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The last decade has seen growing interest across human geography in the concept of the unconscious as a key terrain for thinking social life. At the same time, an increasing number of geographers are exploring theorisations of the unconscious that push beyond the subject-predicate tendencies of much psychoanalytic thinking, addressing material and non-representational forces that exceed the confines of a human-centred understanding. This paper extends this work through an engagement with the philosophy of Gilbert Simondon, highlighting three key implications for geographical understandings of the unconscious. First, how it inverts the traditional emphasis on already-constituted psychic individuals to processes of psychic individuation that modulate the emergence and becoming of subjects. Second, how it shifts beyond the psychoanalytical fixation on negativity and repression through an understanding of the transductive potential of unconscious forces to create new forms of life. And third, how it opens a new way of articulating the relation of the psychic and collective as a relation of individuations that he terms the transindividual. Empirically, the paper turns to the subterranean landscape of dreams and desires in the novels of Haruki Murakami, exploring how literary encounters might open a space for thinking the transductive forces of the transindividual unconscious. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thousands of children sustain mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) worldwide each year. Multiple physical and somatic symptoms can occur following pediatric mTBI, including new-onset mood symptoms, headaches, and pain. Objective: This scoping review examined the existing literature pertaining to mood and anxiety symptoms following pediatric mTBI, in order to summarize the current evidence and identify areas for future research. Methods: The Pubmed, EMBase, and APA PsycINFO databases were searched to identify articles that examined mood and anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents following mTBI. Results: A total of 20 published articles were included in the review. The existing research suggests that mood and anxiety symptoms are more common in children and adolescents with mTBI, when compared to orthopedically injured or healthy controls. Several factors may contribute to the development of these symptoms: injury characteristics, older age at injury, female sex, and psychosocial variables including lower socioeconomic status and family history of psychiatric disorders. Conclusion: The findings of this review highlight the need for additional research on the relationship between pediatric mTBI and subsequent mood and anxiety symptoms. We particularly recommend long-term prospective cohort studies which include appropriate control groups as well as a neuroimaging component to distinguish complicated from uncomplicated mTBI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite advances in the treatment of chronic inflammatory bowel disease, induction and maintenance of remission are still difficult to achieve in some patients. In this context, a growing number of patients choose complementary approaches to better control their symptoms. Many studies have identified environmental factors that play a significant role in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease. International recommendations have been developed for the management of these different factors such as diet, physical activity and mental health. These therapies are part of the holistic medicine, which allows a global approach of the patients. Most data on the benefits of these complementary approaches are based on observational studies. Clinical trials are needed to evaluate the impact of holistic medicine on the course of chronic inflammatory bowel disease, potentially in combination with drug treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La spiritualité et la religion sont des domaines importants de la vie humaine qui suscitent l'intérêt des chercheurs en psychologie et en médecine à propos de leurs possibles effets sur la santé mentale. Depuis près de quarante ans, un nombre croissant de recherches ont montré les effets positifs du couple spiritualité/religion sur la santé mentale par l'intermédiaire de différents processus comme le coping, l'optimisation du lien social, le pouvoir des croyances et les bienfaits de certaines approches thérapeutiques utilisant la spiritualité. Cependant, au niveau des thérapies complémentaires et alternatives qui utilisent la spiritualité comme vecteur de soins ou qui s'inscrivent dans le champ de la spiritualité, on retrouve beaucoup de recherches qui se caractérisent par des biais méthodologiques importants ne permettant pas de valider la pertinence et l'efficacité systématique de ces thérapies. De ce fait, cette recherche a pour objectif d'étudier l'impact des approches thérapeutiques basées sur la spiritualité, sur la santé mentale au niveau de l'anxiété en suivant une démarche méthodologique rigoureuse de sélection des travaux de recherche. Nous avons effectué une revue de la littérature sur le sujet, de recherches contrôlées et randomisées. Quinze recherches ont été sélectionnées et ont montré des effets positifs des approches psycho-spirituelles sur la santé mentale, qu'il convient toutefois de nuancer en raison de limites méthodologiques importantes qui seront développées. Les approches de types TCC (Thérapies Comportementales et Cognitives) ayant la spiritualité comme thématique de base ressortent nettement de cette étude. Cela souligne la pertinence d'utilisation de la spiritualité dans une optique comportementale et cognitive dans le traitement de la relation entretenue avec les pensées et les émotions dans une optique de changements adaptatifs et de style de vie permettant une meilleure gestion de l'anxiété. La dimension de la spiritualité est riche en perspective d'accompagnement thérapeutique et les approches cognitives et comportementales de la 3e vague des TCC travaillant sur les relations entretenues avec les cognitions, les valeurs de vie et les émotions sont une piste sérieuse à exploiter dans le cadre de traitements psychothérapeutiques complémentaires pour le soin de l'anxiété. Spirituality and religion are important areas of human life that have aroused the interest of researchers in psychology and medicine with respect to their potential effects on mental health. A growing body of research for nearly 40 years has demonstrated the positive effects of spirituality/religion on mental health through different processes such as coping, optimization of social bonding, the power of beliefs, and the benefits of certain therapeutic approaches using spirituality. However, at the level of complementary and alternative therapies which use spirituality as a vector of care or which fall within the field of spirituality, we find considerable research which is characterized by significant methodological biases that do not allow us to validate the relevance and the systematic effectiveness of these approaches. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness of therapeutic approaches based on spirituality in treating anxiety. We carried out a review of the literature on the subject that used randomized controlled trials. Fifteen studies that demonstrated positive effects of psycho-spiritual approaches on mental health were selected. These studies should, however, be put into perspective because of significant methodological limitations. Cognitive Based Therapies (CBT)-type approaches with spirituality as a basic theme clearly stand out from this study and underline the relevance of using spirituality from a behavioral and cognitive perspective in the treatment of the relationship maintained with thoughts and emotions in a context of adaptive and lifestyle changes, allowing for better management of the pathologies studied. The dimension of spirituality is rich with respect to therapeutic support, and the cognitive and behavioral approaches of the 3rd wave of CBT relying on the relationships maintained with cognition, life values and emotions are a serious avenue to be exploited within the framework of complementary psychotherapeutic treatments for anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The non-stress test (NST) is an effective method for evaluating fetal movement and heart rate; however, it is associated with a large number of false-positive results. Music therapy induces maternal relaxation and reduces anxiety. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of NST with music therapy on fetal parameters and maternal trait and state anxiety. This randomized clinical trial included 80 women, who were in gestational age of 32–42 weeks, referred to Asali Hospital. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups; the intervention group received 20 minutes of music therapy along with NST whereas the control group did not. Spielberg State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to access trait and state anxiety in the two groups. The data were recorded using a questionnaire and statistically analyzed using SPSS. The mean age of the participants and gestational age were not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.73 and P = 0.95, respectively). The outcomes of the NST test showed that fetal heart rate was not statistically different between the two groups, P = 0.09. Acceleration (P = 0.01), short-term heart rate variability (P < 0.01), long-term heart rate variability (P < 0.01), fetal movement (P < 0.01), and minimal reactive time (P < 0.01) were significantly different between the two groups. Trait and state anxiety were also significantly lower in the intervention group (P = 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively). Music therapy is significantly associated with the increase in fetal movement and heart rate and reduced reactive time in NST. State and trait anxiety levels decreased following this intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a chronic illness, heart disease usually undermines the patients' physical, psychosocial and social adjustment. Medical care of these patients is also influenced by all the adjustment problems. The present study aimed to examine the moderating role of ego-strength on the association of worry and anger rumination with adjustment problems to heart disease. Three hundred and twenty seven individuals suffering from cardiovascular disease (138 women, 189 men) participated in the present study. All participants completed the Ego-Strength Scale (ESS), Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), Anger Rumination Scale (ARS), and Adjustment to Illness Scale (AIS) as volunteers. Results revealed a significant negative correlation between ego-strength and adjustment problems to heart disease. Worry and anger rumination showed a significantly positive association with adjustment problems to heart disease. The results of path analysis indicated that the association of worry and anger rumination with adjustment problems to heart disease was moderated by ego-strength. It can be concluded that more intensive care requires implementation of psychological interventions into the regular medical treatments for patients with heart disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'objectif principal est de comparer le niveau d'anxiété à la Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children dans 2 groupes de collégiens anxieux, l'un déscolarisé répondant aux critères du Refus scolaire anxieux et l'autre scolarisé. L'objectif secondaire est de comparer ces groupes sur des paramètres cliniques, sociodémographiques et thérapeutiques. Étude rétrospective observationnelle chez 34 adolescents anxieux scolarisés recrutés au Centre hospitalo-universitaire de Montpellier, comparés à 55 adolescents anxieux déscolarisés répondant aux critères du Refus scolaire anxieux recrutés dans une étude multicentrique. Il n'existe pas de différence significative intergroupe des scores médians à la Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (p = 0,49), mais une différence significative intergroupe des scores médians est retrouvée à l'Échelle comportementale d'anxiété et phobie dont le score total est plus élevé dans le groupe avec refus scolaire (151,5 [130,5–169,0] vs. 125,0 [94,0–139,0], p < 0,01). Le groupe avec refus scolaire présente aussi plus souvent un panel de troubles anxieux dont l'agoraphobie ou l'anxiété de séparation, un épisode dépressif caractérisé, un fonctionnement global plus altéré et il reçoit plus souvent des psychotropes (p < 0,01). Il n'existe pas de différence significative intergroupe dans les caractéristiques sociodémographiques hormis l'âge. L'absence de différence significative intergroupe du niveau d'anxiété mesuré avec la Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children pourrait être liée à la baisse du niveau d'anxiété dans le groupe déscolarisé consécutive à l'évitement de la scolarisation. Le score d'anxiété plus élevé avec l'Échelle comportementale d'anxiété et phobie dans le groupe déscolarisé, pourrait être lié à une meilleure sensibilité de cette échelle. Le tableau clinique observé dans le groupe déscolarisé, à la fois plus sévère et avec de nombreuses comorbidités est comparable à ce qui est décrit dans la littérature. Un niveau plus élevé d'anxiété selon le critère de jugement principal n'est pas associé au Refus scolaire anxieux chez des adolescents qui ont des troubles anxieux. Toutefois, ce groupe présente d'autres critères d'une sévérité clinique plus grande justifiant son repérage précoce. The primary objective was to compare the level of anxiety on the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children in two groups of anxious secondary school children, one group out of school meeting the criteria of School Refusal and the other in school. The secondary objective was to compare these groups on other clinical, sociodemographic and therapeutic parameters. Retrospective observational study of 34 school-going anxious teenagers recruited at the University Hospital of Montpellier, compared with 55 out of school anxious teenagers meeting the criteria of Anxious School Refusal recruited in a multicentre study. There was no significant intergroup difference in median scores on the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (P = 0.49), but a significant intergroup difference in median scores was found on the Behavioural Anxiety and Phobia Scale with higher total scores in the School Refusal group (151.5 [130.5; 169.0] vs. 125.0 [94.0; 139.0], P < 0.01). The School Refusal group was more likely to have a panel of anxiety disorders including agoraphobia, separation anxiety, depressive disorders, more impaired global functioning and more likely to receive psychotropic medication (P < 0.01). There were no significant intergroup differences in sociodemographic characteristics except age. The absence of significant intergroup differences in the level of anxiety measured with the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children could be related to a lower level of anxiety in the school refusal group due to school refusal. The higher anxiety score with the Behavioural Anxiety and Phobia Scale in the refusal group could be related to their better sensitivity. The clinical picture in the refusal group, both more severe and with co-morbidities, is comparable to what is described in the literature. A higher level of anxiety was not associated with school refusal according to main endpoints in teenagers with anxiety disorders. However, this group had other criteria of greater clinical severity that justify early identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sante Mentale au Quebec is the property of Revue Sante Mentale au Quebec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cancer patients have been particularly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to being at higher risk of complications from COVID-19, many cancer patients experienced delays in cancer tests and treatments due to sanitary measures. These changes in their cancer care trajectory are likely to have influenced their level of fear of cancer recurrence (FCR). The primary objective of this cross-sectional study, conducted among 245 women diagnosed with breast cancer within the past five years (2016-2021), is to assess the mean level of FCR and to estimate the proportion of patients with clinical levels of FCR during the second wave of COVID-19. For comparative purposes, the study also aims to examine the mean level of anxiety and depression and then estimate the proportion of breast cancer patients with clinical levels of these two disturbances. Participants completed online questionnaires between November 2020 and March 2021. Results revealed that a large proportion of patients showed clinical levels of FCR (76.4%), while the proportions of patients reporting clinical levels of anxiety and depression were 45.6% and 52.7%, respectively. Prepandemic FCR prevalence varying between 53.1% and 60.1%, results from this study highlight that FCR is a major issue in a pandemic period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID‐19 pandemic and subsequent social restrictions created an unprecedented context for families raising young children. Although studies have documented detrimental effects of the pandemic on maternal well‐being, less is known about how the pandemic specifically impacted low‐income mothers. We examined depression, anxiety, and sleep quality among low‐income mothers of one‐year‐olds during the early months of the pandemic using data from the Baby's First Years study. Focusing on the control group (n = 547), we compared mothers interviewed before March 14th, 2020 (n = 342) to mothers interviewed between March 14th and June 30th, 2020 (n = 205) to determine whether the pandemic was associated with differences in mental health and sleep quality. Mothers were recruited from four cities in the United States, and most of the sample identified as Hispanic (42.2%) or Black, non‐Hispanic (38.6%). We found that mothers interviewed during the pandemic reported better mental health and sleep quality. While we cannot speak to longer‐term impacts of the pandemic, it is possible low‐income mothers experienced relief from daily stressors during the initial shelter‐in‐place orders, which may have led to improvements in well‐being. These results have implications for understanding how complex life stressors influence mental health and sleep quality among low‐income mothers raising young children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we study the levels of anxiety towards mathematics teaching in a group of Spanish students for primary education teaching through the MATAS survey. The data collected in the survey is analyzed to determine if there are significant differences between the levels of anxiety when the sample is differentiated according to three criteria: if they have taken any previous mathematics subject, if they have any previous degree in education and if they have teaching experience in mathematics. As a result, it is obtained that most of the group of students present medium or high levels of anxiety towards the teaching of mathematics and that those who have no teaching experience or no previous degree present significantly higher mean levels of anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La survenue d'un rhumatisme inflammatoire chronique (RIC) peut induire de forts retentissements psychologiques et/ou sociétaux, lesquels ne sont pas toujours devinés par les soignants. Ces conséquences peuvent être mieux repérées et évaluées par des scores distincts de ceux servant à quantifier l'activité somatique des RICs : score HAD (anxiété et dépression), score RAID-7, score de catastrophisme, et score FABQ (de peur des douleurs et du mouvement). Le profil de personnalité des patients peut aussi être mieux cerné par le test du Big-five , et par le score d'alexithymie (difficultés à exprimer ses émotions) de Toronto. Les croyances des patients quant à leur RIC peuvent enfin être explorées par le questionnaire QUAD. Il est aussi bienvenu de s'enquérir des retentissements familiaux et professionnels du RIC, pour prévenir des ruptures par rapport au mode de vie antérieur. Celles-ci résultent parfois d'un déni de la pathologie ou de ses conséquences. Une dépression peut nécessiter plus que l'avis de psychologues et motiver l'introduction précoce de traitements anti-dépresseurs. Ces prises en charge holistiques n'ont prouvé leur utilité que dans les formes sévères de RICs, mais elles doivent être proposées au tout début de la pathologie, sans attendre que les patients s'installent dans la dépression, l'anxiété, le catastrophisme, voire la désocialisation. Des 'consultations d'annonce' en présence de proches sont très bienvenues pour explorer, mais encore plus écouter, les patients, à chaque fois que le diagnostic d'un RIC est formellement posé, a fortiori si l'activité de celui-ci est d'emblée élevée, ou si le pronostic parait péjoratif. The onset of inflammatory chronic rheumatisms can lead to severe societal and psychological consequences, not always guessed by care providers. They can be more reliably detected and assessed by various scores, different from those used to quantify the clinical activity of rheumatisms: HAD score (anxiety and depression), RAID-7 score, catastrophizing score, and FABQ score (fear and avoidance beliefs score). Patients' personnalities can also be more finely screened by the big-five score, and their abilities to express their feelings by the alexithymia score of Toronto. Some wrong beliefs regarding their disorder can be questionned through the QUAD questionnaire. Consequences of the rheumatisms on work and family life are also critical points. Early interventions may be worth to avoid losses of jobs and desocializations. Some depressive moods may require more than psychological support, and the use or anti-depressants and/or psychiatrist help. Such holisitic care has yet proved to be useful only in the most severe cases, but they should be implemented very early, before patients face chronic depression, anxiety, catastrophizing and loss of social contacts. Consultation to announce the diagnosis with patient and its relatives can therefore be very useful, to better assess their needs and listen to them, each time a diagnosis of chronic rheumatism is firmly made, especially if the activity of the disorder is high and the prognosis seems rather poor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Accompanying adolescents and young adults in their learning path and career and specifically on questions of trust and self-confidence has occupied my professional life since 2012 as a school director and teacher. The meeting of these fields with the theoretical contributions of the CAS in educational neurosciences, under the supervision of Dr. Cherine Fahim (2021-2022) at the University of Fribourg, gave birth to the idea of ​​creating an application intended for young adults, in the continuity of the work that has been built for 10 years around the Cap sur la Confiance method. In summary, this Cortica Incubator is a continuation of the Cap ou pas Cap? The objective is the development of an application for 18-25 year olds looking for a fun, autonomous and accessible course of cognitive restructuring at all times to help them restore their sense of confidence in the light of a better understanding of their brain under stress

Depuis de nombreuses années, les changements climatiques ont bouleversé de multiples aspects dans nos sociétés, dont des préoccupations sérieuses impactant la santé mentale des individus. Notre recherche a été menée dans le but d’étoffer les données suisses quant à l’impact de l’éco-anxiété sur les différentes générations ainsi qu’au travers des genres, puis, le rôle que la résilience peut jouer sur l’éco-anxiété. 244 participant-e-s ont donc complètement répondu à un questionnaire en ligne comprenant 5 échelles, dont l’échelle d’anxiété climatique, d’anxiété, de stress perçu, des stratégies de coping et de résilience. Ils-elles ont également répondu à quelques questions d’ordre socio-démographiques. De ce fait le niveau d’éco-anxiété, ainsi que celui des autres échelles, pouvaient être mesurés en fonction de l’âge et du genre notamment. Nos résultats démontrent que le niveau d’éco-anxiété n’est significativement pas plus élevé chez les jeunes âgés de 18 à 25 ans que chez les adultes âgés de 26 à 65 ans et que chez les personnes âgées de plus de 65 ans. De plus, le niveau d’éco-anxiété n’est significativement pas plus élevé chez les femmes que chez les hommes. Cependant, nous avons pu observer qu’il existait une relation négative significative entre le niveau de résilience et le niveau d’éco-anxiété chez les participant-e-s, peu importe l’âge et le genre. En conclusion, notre étude révèle que la résilience joue un rôle significatif dans l’anxiété climatique, ce qui est important de considérer puisque celle-ci peut présenter une piste auprès des individus se décrivant comme éco-anxieux.

L'objectif de cet article est de présenter en langue française une revue des connaissances actuelles sur les conséquences et déterminants de l'accommodation familiale. Celle-ci peut se définir par les changements de comportements qu'adoptent les membres d'une famille d'un proche souffrant de trouble mental dans le but de diminuer la souffrance et la détresse qui y sont associées. Afin de présenter ce mécanisme, l'article en abordera les modèles théoriques sous-jacents dans le trouble obsessionnel compulsif (TOC). Une seconde partie traitera des principaux programmes et méthodes de prise en soin de l'accommodation familiale. Pour ce faire, une revue de la littérature concernant l'accommodation familiale a été réalisée à partir des bases de données suivantes : PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect et PsycINFO, cela sans limitation de date. Soixante-sept articles ont été retenus afin d'aborder la question de l'accommodation familiale dans les TOC, aussi bien auprès d'une population enfants que d'une population adultes. Il en résulte que les données de la littérature montrent clairement que l'accommodation familiale est (1) un facteur important de maintien de la symptomatologie TOC et anxieuse ; (2) négativement associée à l'efficacité des interventions psychothérapeutiques. En ce sens, de nombreuses propositions d'interventions, issues des modèles en TCC, ont vu le jour ces dernières années afin de maximiser l'efficacité des thérapies du TOC et des troubles anxieux. Pour conclure, mieux comprendre l'accommodation familiale et en tenir compte dans l'ensemble des pathologies psychiatriques paraît essentiel à l'avenir afin d'augmenter l'efficacité des propositions de soin. The objective of this article is to present a review of current knowledge of the consequences and determinants of family accommodation in adults, children and adolescents. Family accommodation can be defined as the changes in behavior adopted by family members of a relative suffering from a mental disorder in order to reduce the associated suffering and distress (e.g., participating in OCD rituals or helping with avoidance). This phenomenon is particularly frequent since it is observed in from 70 to 97% of the relatives interviewed in the studies, whether the patients are adults or children. To present this mechanism, this article will discuss the underlying theoretical models in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) as well as outline the epidemiology, consequences and maintaining factors of family accommodation. The second part of this article will deal with the principal programs and methods of treatment of family accommodation. To this end, a review of the literature regarding family accommodation was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PsycINFO, without date limitation. Sixty-seven articles were selected to explore the question of family accommodation in OCD, both in child and adult populations. The data in the literature clearly show that family accommodation is an important factor in the perpetuation of OCD and anxiety symptomatology. Indeed, this accommodation would seem to impede attempts to learn new functional behavior by not allowing the person to perceive the negative consequences of his or her symptomatic behavior or by preventing him or her from experiencing habituation to anxiety-provoking stimuli. In addition, several studies have shown a moderate correlation between the intensity of OCD and family accommodation, as well as the negative effects on the quality of the relationship in couples, or an increase in the perceived burden for the relative. Another finding that seems relevant to clinical practice is that family accommodation is negatively associated with the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic interventions. Indeed, it has been shown that a high level of family accommodation is positively correlated with a low response to psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatments. Family accommodation has been shown to be a factor in the failure of psychotherapies by distorting the learning achieved in therapy, as well as by leading to greater functional deterioration in the patient. This accommodation is also a predictor of non-spontaneous recovery. These data, therefore, indicate the importance of considering this mechanism in the treatment of patients suffering from OCD, regardless of their age or sex. In the second part of the article, we discuss many proposals for interventions, based on CBT models, which have emerged in recent years in order to maximize the effectiveness of therapies for OCD and anxiety disorders. Their aim is to integrate the family member into the therapy so that he or she can understand the interest in changing his or her reinforcing behavior. In addition to understanding the importance of change, they can be helped by the therapist. Most of these programs are for children only, but some do exist for relatives of adult patients. These propositions for the treatment of family accommodation seem to demonstrate interesting evidence in favor of their effectiveness. However, considering the small number of existing programs, and the small sample sizes that have led to their validation, further research is needed on this topic in order to highlight key interventions that can lead to a decrease in family accommodation. In conclusion, despite an acceleration of research during the last decade, family accommodation remains relatively insufficiently studied, particularly in adults. Recently, family accommodation has been demonstrated in cases of depression, all anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorders, eating disorders and in chronic pain. There is still a lack of evidence for the existence of this process in certain disorders such as schizophrenia or bipolarity, but it is easy to hypothesize that a change in behavior can be found in the relatives of people suffering from these types of pathologies. In consideration of these results and of the negative impact of family accommodation on the treatment of mental pathologies, a better understanding of family accommodation and its consideration in all psychiatric pathologies seems essential in the future in order to increase the effectiveness of treatment proposals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'objectif de cette étude était de présenter les propriétés psychométriques de l'Échelle de Distorsions Cognitives pour Adultes (EDC-A) ainsi que de repérer les distorsions cognitives mesurées par cette échelle et associées au niveau d'anxiété et de dépression. Notre étude a été menée auprès de 916 personnes (18–85 ans) issues de la population générale. Les participants ont répondu à l'EDC-A et à la Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). L'EDC-A présente une structure factorielle cohérente et chaque sous-dimension des distorsions obtient des alphas de Cronbach supérieurs à.65. L'anxiété et la dépression sont liées à la présence de distorsions cognitives dans le raisonnement. Les sujets dépressifs ont un répertoire de distorsions cognitives plus large que les anxieux. L'EDC-A a permis de repérer des différences dans le traitement de l'information entre l'anxiété et la dépression. La dépression est liée à un traitement biaisé global des informations négatives mais aussi positives, tandis que l'anxiété est liée à un traitement biaisé uniquement des informations négatives. Cognitive distortions contribute to the maintenance of inappropriate cognitive schemas and play a role in the emergence of pathologies such as anxiety and depression. We developed the Cognitive Distortion Scale for Adults in order to identify distortions in individuals' reasoning. The main objectives of this study were: (1) to study the psychometric properties of the Cognitive Distortion Scale for Adults, (2) to identify cognitive distortions associated with anxiety and depression in the general population. The study involved 916 participants (151 men and 765 women) aged 18 to 85-years. The participants completed the Cognitive Distortion Scale for Adults. The tool presents 42 mini scenarios with a daily life situation and a proposition concerning a cognitive distortion. Participants must give their degree of agreement (0 to 10) with this one. Seven cognitive distortions are operationalized (dichotomous reasoning, disqualification of one of the poles, arbitrary focusing, omission of the neutral, requalification in the other pole, maximization and minimization). They also completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Both scales were available online on the Internet. The total duration of the test was approximately 10 minutes. A group of 35 participants completed the two scale 15 days apart. The sub-dimensions of EDC-A obtain Cronbach alphas higher than.65 and EDC-A has a coherent factor structure. The scale has good temporal stability. Anxiety is predicted by dichotomous reasoning, disqualification of one of the poles, arbitrary focusing and maximization. Depression is predicted by dichotomous reasoning, arbitrary focusing, omission of the neutral and requalification in the other pole. Anxiety and depression are associated with negative cognitive distortions in reasoning. However, depression is also associated with positive cognitive distortions. Subjects with depression produce more varied cognitive distortions than subjects with anxiety. The Cognitive Distortion Scale for Adults shows promising psychometric properties. Further studies will need to be conducted to confirm these results. Anxiety would be related to biased information treatment of negative information, whereas depression would be related to more comprehensive biased information treatment, both negative and positive information. Anxiety would be related to suboptimal functioning of reasoning abilities; depression would be more characterized by a structural deficit of reasoning abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Psycho-Oncologie is the property of Tech Science Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sante Mentale au Quebec is the property of Revue Sante Mentale au Quebec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sante Mentale au Quebec is the property of Revue Sante Mentale au Quebec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Les troubles anxieux sont les problèmes de santé mentale les plus courants chez les enfants et les adolescents canadiens. La Société canadienne de pédiatrie a préparé deux documents de principes qui résument les données probantes à jour sur leur diagnostic et leur prise en charge. Ces documents contiennent des conseils fondés sur des données probantes afin d'aider les professionnels de la santé à prendre des décisions à l'égard des soins aux enfants et aux adolescents atteints de ces troubles. La deuxième partie, qui porte sur la prise en charge, vise à 1) passer en revue les données probantes et le contexte de diverses approches cliniques qui combinent des interventions comportementales et pharmacologiques pour traiter les atteintes de façon appropriée; 2) décrire le rôle de l'éducation et de la psychothérapie pour la prévention et le traitement des troubles anxieux; 3) décrire l'utilisation de la pharmacothérapie, y compris les effets secondaires et les risques qui s'y rapportent. Les recommandations sur la prise en charge de l'anxiété reposent sur les lignes directrices à jour, une analyse bibliographique et un consensus d'experts. Il est à souligner que, dans le présent document, le terme « parent » (au singulier ou au pluriel) inclut les personnes qui s'occupent principalement de l'enfant et toutes les configurations familiales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the rates of clinically-significant anxiety and depressive symptoms during the immediate postpartum in a sample of women referred to a university maternity department, as well as the associated risk factors and the relations with the level of maternal bonding. During the third national lockdown for the COVID-19 pandemic (February-April 2021), on days 2–3 after delivery 127 mothers were administrated the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS), the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI-YA), the mother-to-infant bonding scale (MIBS) and questions issued from the coronavirus health impact survey questionnaire (CRISIS). The rate of perinatal clinically-significant symptoms were 17% for depression (EPDS cut-off ≥ 12) and 15% for anxiety (STAI-YA cut-off ≥ 40). In the multivariate analysis, being a single mother, risk of being infected by the SARS-CoV2, risk that a close relative might be infected by the SARS-CoV2 and the length of stay in maternity were associated with an increased EPDS total score, while breastfeeding was associated with a lower EPDS total score. Six variables remained positively associated with the STAI-YA total score in the multivariate model: the maternal level of academic achievement, a hospitalization during the pregnancy, peripartum medical complications, risk of being infected by the SARS-CoV2, risk of a close relative being infected by the SARS-CoV2 and physical fatigue. Low but statistically significant correlations were found between the MIBS total score and the EPDS total score (rs = 0.26) and with the STAI-YA total score (rs = 0.26). The observed rates of anxiety and depressive symptoms were in the same range as those reported in observational studies conducted in high-resource countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Risk of being infected by the SARS-CoV2 was both an independent risk factor for anxiety and depressive symptoms. The relations between the measure of maternal bonding and the severity of maternal emotional symptoms call for a better consideration of the long-term consequences of the pandemic on children's socio-emotional development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This mixed study evaluated changes and stability in health indicators (depression, anxiety, stress, alcohol consumption and amount of hours of sleep) and the belief in academic selfefficacy of Brazilian university students, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The first step, quantitative and longitudinal, investigated 20 students (average age=20.8; SD=3.4) in the period of 2019 and 2020, suggesting the maintenance of mental health indicators and the reduction of alcohol consumption and self-efficacy. In the second, qualitative stage, interviews during the quarantine revealed processes of personal and academic adaptation, in addition to concerns about mental health in the face of the pandemic. Institutional responses by universities to these ongoing challenges are recommended, as opposed to an individual analytical perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study was to evaluate acute emotional states in Mexicans during the COVID-19 pandemic. Non-experimental-cross-sectional design. 585 Mexicans between 18 and 67 years of age participated. The DASS-21 scale was used to measure the variables of stress, anxiety and depression; and a questionnaire on situations related to confinement by COVID-19. The results show that a small percentage of the sample manifested negative emotional symptoms ranging from severe to very severe, as well as fear and anguish of contagion from a relative. Similarly, significant differences were identified between men and women, and age groups. The findings show the importance of designing and implementing psychological interventions aimed at reducing negative emotions during the coronavirus pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Pesquisa is the property of Fundacao Carlos Chagas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bordón: Journal of Education / Revista de Pedagogía is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Pedagogia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)