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Introduction. Many studies from the anthropological perspective of the molar group of the temporary dentition, that allow the establishment of comparative studies that indicate the non-metric morphological distance between current and ancestral populations are still unknown, so it is necessary to generate information on the dental structures of the contemporary child population. Objective. To quantify the frequency distribution of the degrees of expression of the accessory cusps of the vestibular surfaces of the group of temporal molars. Methodology. In a descriptive and cross-sectional, exploratory study for the field of anthropology of the temporal dentition, a probabilistic sample stratified by sex of 176 sets of plaster models from the child population between 3 and 5 years of age, inhabitants of the Puebla Valley, was analyzed. The variables analyzed were Bolk's tubercle, protostylide (paramolar structures) which were scored by a single observer with a concordance index value Kappa = 0.8467. Results. Coronal dental morphological features (CDMF) of upper molars have smooth faces in 40% of the sample and small pits on the vestibular aspect in 51% of the samples of both sexes. Parastyle was present in percentages of 30% in expressions from grade 1 to 3 in the female sample, but in the male sample, grade 1 predominated in 82% of the left molars and in 53% of the right molars. Conclusions. The vestibular faces of the molar group of the temporal dentition present eminences of inclusion that in upper molars recognized as Bolk's tubercles, in the lower molars are considered as paramolar structures, that many authors call protostylide, which should be recognized as parastylid according to dental anthropological nomenclature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Nacional de Odontología is the property of Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivos. Este estudio procura indagar si dos medidas dentales y una interdental, pueden usarse para decidir si pertenecen a algunas de las 2 categorías de sexo, en un estudio en Uruguay. Métodos. Se trata de un análisis odontométricos de 1007 modelos de yeso (481 superiores y 524 inferiores), de los cuales para este estudio se consideran solamente 453 del maxilar superior en 227 pacientes masculinos y 226 femeninos, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 60 años, asistidos en una clínica ortodóncica de la ciudad de Montevideo, Uruguay, consistente en las mediciones del diámetro mesiodistal y altura gingivoincisal de los caninos y distancia intercanina. Los datos son analizados empleando 3 métodos de clasificación no supervisada, usando un método de clusters basados en modelos, uno no jerárquico (K Means) y un método de clúster difusos. Resultados: Se puede establecer que existen varias soluciones, que al considerar un acuerdo en los 3 métodos se opta por trabajar con tres clusters, bien diferenciados, según las variables consideradas y los métodos utilizados con diferentes niveles de asociación con el sexo. Conclusiones. Hasta el momento se podría concluir que la tipificación de los caninos y distancia intercanina, permitió proponer la existencia de una diferenciación odontométrica por sexo, que puede ser mejorada con el uso de otros algoritmos de clusterización y de otros atributos como el biotipo y apiñamiento.

Descriptive observational cross-sectional study to determine the AOP of the second molars (55, 65, 75, 85) and the first permanent molars (16, 26, 36 and 46) in 459 study models corresponding to six ethnic groups in Colombia, Embera indigenous of Alto Baudó (Chocó), Caucasoid mestizos of Cali (Valle del Cauca), African descent of Cali (Valle del Cauca), Misak indigenous of Silvia (Cauca), Nasa indigenous of Morales (Cauca), and indigenous of Leticia (Amazonas). There were no significant differences of AOP among the six ethnic groups except when compared to the Amazon Indians with African descent of Cali, Embera indigenous and Nasa indigenous. There was no sexual dimorphism except tooth 65 for all ethnic groups. There was bilateral symmetry except between teeth 16 and 26. The distance matrix showed that Caucasoid mestizos of Cali were grouped with microdont populations, Amazon indigenous, Embera indigenous, Misak indigenous and Nasa indigenous, and African descendants of Cali were grouped with mesodont populations. The Embera and Amazon indigenous had the highest values of OAP associated with the relative isolation and less mestizaje. Overall, there was no sexual dimorphism or bilateral asymmetry. This study coincides with the different theories about reducing the size of the teeth as evolutionary characteristic of hominids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the multifactorial pathological model, dental morphology has been associated as one of the etiological factors of caries by favoring the accumulation of food remains and biofilm retention. One of the most frequent of non-metric dental traits of the Colombian population is the P point of the protostylid, which is constituted in a fossa that is expressed in the bucomesial development groove of the lower molars, a region that follows the occlusal surface as one of sites where carious lesions develop more frequently. However, the lack of knowledge of this morphological feature by most dentists makes the morphological system of the protostylid misdiagnosed, which in many cases leads to the overtreatment of this pit with invasive therapies, which could be avoided with a knowledge adequate dental morphology and with a preventive management or non-invasive techniques. Therefore, the aim of this review of the subject is to reconcile the expression of the P point of the protostylid and to make an approximation to the clinical implications of the same and the conservative diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities offered by dentistry to control the accumulation of food rests and retention of dental biofilm.

El estudio antropológico de los osarios megalíticos se ve frecuentemente obstaculizado por la excesiva fragmentación y desconexión anatómica de los restos óseos, lo cual supone un impedimento a la hora de realizar caracterizaciones poblacionales fiables. Por esta razón, la dentición se presenta como una fuente de estudio viable debido a una mejor conservación frente a otros elementos esqueléticos, ofreciendo además información valiosa acerca de los modos de vida de poblaciones antiguas. Los datos obtenidos en el dolmen de La Cabaña reflejan patrones dietarios propios de sociedades incipientemente agrícolas, con cierto consumo de alimentos cariogénicos, pero también sugieren el aprovechamiento de recursos silvestres y ganaderos. Por otro lado, no se han detectado diferencias significativas entre dentición permanente y decidua, lo que sugiere hábitos de consumo similares entre ambos grupos de edad.

En este trabajo se realiza un análisis comparativo del estado de salud bucal de muestras correspondientes a poblaciones cazadoras-recolectoras de la costa norte de la Patagonia argentina (N=38) y agropastoriles de la Quebrada de Humahuaca, provincia de Jujuy (N=40). Se relevaron caries, restos radiculares, fracturas dentarias y secuelas de procesos periapicales, así como la intensidad del desgaste dental y el estado de la tabla ósea alveolar anterior para evaluar la incidencia de los distintos tipos de alimentación sobre el aparato masticatorio a partir de observaciones macroscópicas. Los resultados indican, en el grupo agropastoril, un mayor porcentaje de piezas cariadas (29,09%), de individuos con caries (48,80%) y de procesos periapicales (28,18%), probable consecuencia de un alto consumo de hidratos de carbono en su dieta, respecto del grupo de cazadores recolectores, con valores de 14,28%, 42,10% y 15,38%, respectivamente. Este último grupo posee mayores prevalencias de individuos con fracturas dentarias (31,81%), desgaste dental intenso (21,04%) y deterioro intenso de la tabla ósea alveolar (55,26%), atribuible a la ingesta de alimentos duros y fibrosos. Las tendencias identificadas indican procesos de deterioro de la salud bucal claramente diferentes, asociados principalmente a la existencia de patrones alimentarios divergentes.

This paper aims to show, in the first place, the dental morphologic characteristics of the species Homo neanderthalensis, Homo sapiens, Denisovans and Homo floresiensis. And from there, the second principal object is to attain a comparative analysis of such morphologies between the species Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis. Through dental anthropology, dental remains f indings in archeological sites has led and still leads to a significant increase in the amount of information that may be drawn from such human populations. Due to dental anthropology, evidence of diet, oral diseases and pathologies, evolution of the mandible and, therefore, of the size of the cranium and encephalon, even of the individual's body dimension have been extracted. Genetics have proven that some modern populations share ancient genes, present in DNA, with species such as Denisovans, primarily in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Likewise, this paper will adress the phenomena of hybridization in species, an increasingly clear event among species that had a major impact on morphologic traits of these human groups. Lastly, the discovery of species such as Homo floresiensis suggests that evolution took different forms, expressed in the dental remains of Homini and therefore demonstrating that there is still much to be know about human evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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El presente trabajo busca mostrar, en primer lugar, las características morfológicas dentales de las especies Homo neanderthalensis, Homo sapiens, denisovanos y Homo floresiensis. A partir de ello, el segundo objetivo principal es lograr un análisis comparativo de dichas morfologías entre las especies Homo sapiens y Homo neanderthalensis. A través de la antropología dental, el hallazgo de restos dentales en los yacimientos arqueológicos ha supuesto y supone un notable aumento de la información extraíble de estas poblaciones humanas. Gracias a ella, se ha podido extraer evidencias acerca de la dieta, de enfermedades y patologías bucales, de la evolución de la mandíbula y por consiguiente del tamaño de la parte craneoencefálica, o incluso de las dimensiones corporales de los individuos. La genética ha mostrado que algunas poblaciones actuales comparten cier tos genes antiguos, presentes en el ADN, con especies como los denisovanos, especialmente en el sureste asiático y Oceanía. Se tratará asimismo el fenómeno de la hibridación entre especies, un hecho que parece cada vez más evidente entre especies y que influyó en gran medida en los rasgos morfológicos de estos grupos humanos. Por último, el descubrimiento de especies como Homo floresiensis plantea que la evolución tomó caminos muy dispares, todos ellos reflejados en la dentición de estos homininos y, demostrando, por tanto, que queda todavía mucho por conocer en evolución humana.

Este es un estudio descriptivo transversal cuantitativo que identificó el modo de herencia de 14 Rasgos Morfológicos Dentales (RMDC) a partir de la frecuencia, la variablidad, el dimorfismo sexual, la asimetría bilateral y la correspondencia entre rasgos, en modelos de yeso obtenidos de un grupo de diez familias —madre, padre e hijo(a)— que forman parte de la comunidad misak del municipio de Silvia (Cauca, Colombia). Se emplearon los sistemas de registro para dentición decidua Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System (ASUDAS, 1991) para crowding, winging y cúspide 6, Grine (1986) para cúspide de Carabelli, Sciuli (1998) para protostílido, pliegue acodado, patrón cuspídeo y número de cúspides, y Hanihara (1966) para cúspide 7; y para dentición permanente ASUDAS para los 14 RMDC. Se observaron altas frecuencias de punto P del protostílido, pliegue acodado, patrón cuspídeo, número de cúspides y cúspide 6 en los dientes deciduos; y de crowding, winging, forma de pala, reducción de hipocono, punto P del protostílido, patrón cuspídeo y cúspide 6 en los dientes permanentes.No hubo dimorfismo sexual y se observó simetría bilateral. Hubo correspondencia entre la dentición decidua y permanente para la expresión de la cúspide de Carabelli, el número de cúspides y la cúspide 6. Se observó una tendencia de herencia de la expresión dicotómica presencia/ausencia de los RMDC desde las madres hacia los hijos. El grupo de indígenas Misak corresponde a una población con alta influencia del complejo dental mongoloide y baja influencia de los complejos dentales caucasoide y negroide de acuerdo con la expresión y variabilidad de los RMDC. La ausencia de dimorfismo sexual, la presencia de simetría bilateral y la correspondencia de algunos rasgos, evidencia un fuerte control genético en el modo de herencia (con tendencia desde las madres hacia los hijos) y una baja influencia del medio ambiente.

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Pottery Mound is a large Ancestral Puebloan site situated within the Middle Rio Grande (MRG) region of New Mexico. This article adds to our understanding of relationships between Pottery Mound, the Western Pueblos, and Mexico through use of biological distance analysis based on dental nonmetric traits. Extensive material and cultural influences, as well as migration events from Western Pueblos to Pottery Mound, have been proposed by several scholars, while others have highlighted parallels to Mexico, especially Paquimé. A total of 1,528 individuals from the U.S. Southwest and Mexico were used to examine relationships between Pottery Mound and these areas. We find no evidence of close biological similarity between Pottery Mound and the Western Pueblos or northern Mexico. Instead, the results indicate biological affinity between Pottery Mound and sites in the MRG region and Mogollon areas. This similarity suggests that although there is evidence for trade between Pottery Mound and other sites in the southwestern United States and Mesoamerica, trade may not have been accompanied by significant gene flow from those areas from which the trade goods originated. It is possible that neighboring regions, such as the Mogollon, served as intermediaries for trade between Pottery Mound and distant regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neste artigo apresentamos os primeiros resultados gerados a partir da análise dentária, incluindo a observação de patologias dentais, dos indivíduos sepultados no cemitério pré- histórico no sítio Pedra de Alexandre, onde foram recuperados 284 dentes de 30 indivíduos, vinculados a 17 sepultamentos, articulados em seus respectivos ossos ou desarticulados e misturados com outros remanescentes. Nos casos passíveis de análise, considerando o estado de degradação severa do material, tanto nos indivíduos adultos como nos subadultos foi registrada a presença constante de desgaste oclusal, especialmente nos molares, associada à reduzida presença de outras patologias, como cálculo dental, cáries, abscessos e linhas hipoplásicas. Os resultados indicam uma dieta abrasiva, o modo de preparação dos alimentos e o uso extramastigatório dos dentes. ABSTRACT This article presents the first results generated from the dental examination, including observation of dental diseases in individuals buried in the prehistoric cemetery in the Pedra de Alexandre archaeological site were recovered 284 teeth of 30 individuals linked to 17 burials, articulated in their bones or disjointed and mixed with other remnants. In cases possible to analysis, considering the state of severe degradation of the material, both in adults and in subadults, the constant presence of occlusal wear was recorded, especially on molars, associated with reduced presence of other diseases, such as dental calculus, caries, abscesses and enamel hypoplasia. The results indicate an abrasive diet, the method of preparation of food and not masticatory use of teeth. Keywords: Pedra de Alexandre, Dental Anthropology, Bioarchaeology.

Introduction: protostylid is a non-metric dental trait observable on the vestibular surface of first and second deciduous and permanent molars in populations of Mongoloid origin. The objective of this literature review was to identify the expression of protostylid in human populations from Southwestern Colombia to help clarify the macro-evolutionary processes in this geographic region. Methods: a systematic literature review in PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciELO using the following medical descriptors: “dental morphology”, “non-metric dental traits”, and “protostylid”, combined with the Boolean operators “+” and “&” by the PRISMA methodology, in order to find publications describing the prevalence and variability of protostylid in human populations from Southwestern Colombia by means of the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System. Results: 11 publications were found allowing us to obtain biological matrix distances based on cluster hierarchical classification and their respective dendrograms using the Ward method, which allowed us to observe most of the populations in Southwestern Colombia considered in this study and their relationships with other world populations. Conclusions: miscegenation processes have influenced the prevalence of protostylid, decreasing the expression of groove, blunt vertex cusp, and free vertex cusp in indigenous populations, and increasing the expression of fossa or P point in mixed coastal populations and populations of African descent. It also became clear that the expression of fossa or P point can occur in the absence or presence of protostylid.

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Copyright of Revista Nacional de Odontología is the property of Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Nacional de Odontología is the property of Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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INTRODUCCIÓN: el estudio de la morfología dental permite esclarecer el estado evolutivo (distancia biológica y grado de mestizaje) de una población, aportando información sobre los procesos etnohistóricos de las comunidades colombianas, dentro de los contextos antropológico, odontológico y forense. MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo transversal cuantitativo que caracterizó la morfología dental mediante el sistema Asudas (Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System) de trece rasgos morfológicos dentales coronales (winging, crowding, incisivos centrales y laterales en pala, doble pala, rasgo de Carabelli, reducción del hipocono, pliegue acodado, protostílido, patrón cuspídeo, número de cúspides, cúspides 6 y 7) observados en 116 modelos de yeso (59 mujeres y 57 hombres) de un grupo de escolares afrocolombianos del municipio de Villa Rica, departamento del Cauca. RESULTADOS: se observaron frecuencias significativas del rasgo de Carabelli, configuración de los patrones cuspídeos X5 y X6 (LM1) y +4 y +5 (LM2), ausencia de reducción del hipocono, frecuencia relativa de la cúspide 7 y bajas frecuencias de incisivos en pala y doble pala. También, se puede afirmar que los Rasgos Morfológicos Dentales Coronales (RMDC) estudiados no presentan dimorfismo sexual y asimetría bilateral. CONCLUSIONES: la muestra observada cuenta con una morfología dental propia de poblaciones que conforman el complejo dental caucasoide, sin embargo, es evidente la influencia de grupos regionales de origen mongoloide y la afinidad biológica con grupos regionales de mestizos caucasoides y de afrocolombianos.

Antecedentes: El diente es de gran importancia cuando se trata de caracterizar individuos, poblaciones vivas o desaparecidas. Este componente es el que más resiste a la descomposición, debido a que al terminar su calcificación, el diente se conforma definitivamente y por tal razón no sufre ningún cambio. A excepción del desgaste mecánico o atrición y la acumulación de dentina secundaria. Objetivo: Deducir los posibles factores etiológicos que ocasionaron grandes desgastes dentales y condujeron a una rápida respuesta del complejo pulpo dentinal, en los individuos pertenecientes a una población prehispánica de cazadores-recolectores, del precerámico temprano y tardío cuya dieta era basada en alimentos fibrogénicos y abrasivos. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal donde se tomaron 15 piezas dentales, pertenecientes a dos poblaciones cazadoras-recolectoras: Precerámico temprano (Chequa) y Precerámico tardío (Aguazuque). A estos dos grupos se tomaron las muestras para realizar un análisis clínico, radiográfico y microscópico. Resultados: Disminución evidente en el tamaño de la corona clínica dental, se observaron diferentes grados de desgaste dental con exposición dentinaria delimitado por esmalte en su circunferencia. La dentina expuesta por el desgaste dental presenta un color amarillo, las superficies oclusales e incisales se presentan lisas. Ninguna de las piezas dentarias presentó signos clínicos de caries. Respecto al examen radiográfico, los datos obtenidos confirmaron los hallazgos clínicos. Conclusiones: El desgaste dental es la característica clínica que más se presentó, posiblemente asociado al consumo de alimentos fibrosos y a la fuerza imprimida en la acción masticatoria, además es agravado por partículas abrasivas que se adherían a los alimentos, durante la maceración con elementos líticos. Las estructuras dentales más afectadas por el desgaste dental corresponden al esmalte y a la dentina. En este estudio no se encontró un porcentaje relevante de casos de exposición pulpar por desgaste dental, a pesar que la edad aproximada y la esperanza de vida al nacer era de más o menos 35 años. Posiblemente la exposición pulpar no se daba, gracias a la producción de dentina secundaria que esclerosaba las cámaras pulpares.

Entre 1999 y 2001, se realizó el hallazgo del Individuo Nº 1 en el sitio "Alero Ernesto Marifilo-1", al norte del lago Calafquén, Región de Los Ríos, Chile. Este fue fechado en 6.030 ± 40 AP. En el presente trabajo, a través de la antropología dental, se pretende interpretar el tipo de vida que tuvo el Individuo Nº 1, en relación a su estado de salud y dieta, así como su edad en el momento del deceso. Además, se intenta comparar los restos arqueológicos faunísticos y vegetacionales hallados en el sitio con los resultados obtenidos en el análisis de las piezas dentales. Se determinó su edad mediante el método de erupción dental. Para determinar el estado de salud se utilizaron los parámetros: caries, chipping, desgaste dental, hipoplasia dental, abscesos y retracción alveolar. Para conocer la dieta se utilizó los tres primeros parámetros nombrados anteriormente. Se constató que la salud oral y general del infante fue buena, dado que cada parámetro se manifestó en grados leves. Su dieta se consideró como mixta, con componentes dulceacuícolas, obtenidos del ecosistema donde habitó. Finalmente, estos resultados son concordantes con los obtenidos en los estudios del sitio.Between the years 1999 and 2001, the individual Nº1 was discovered in the archaeological site "Alero Ernesto Marifilo-1", to the north of Lake Calafquén, region Los Ríos, Chile. The infant was dated in the period 6,030 ± 40 BP. By means of Dental Anthropology, this work attempts to interpret the type of life that individual Nº1 had, with respect to the state of health and type of diet, as well as the age at the time of death. In addition, it tries to compare the archaeological remainders of wildlife and vegetation found at the excavation site, with the results obtained from the analysis of the dental structures of the infant. The age of individual Nº1 was determined using the method of dental eruption. In order to determine its state of health, the following dental parameters were used: caries, dental hypoplasia, abscesses, chipping, alveolar retraction, and dental wear. Its diet on the other hand, only required the followed parameters: carie, chipping, and dental wear. The oral and general health was good, where each parameter was manifested to a very small extent, and the diet of the infant can be considered mixed, consisting of components such as freshwater, meats and fruits, obtained from the ecosystem where individual Nº 1 lived. Finally, the results obtained by using Dental Anthropology conform to the results obtained from studies of the archaeological site.

The prevalence of 25 dental traits in a simple of pre-hispanic mature skulls belonging to Museo de La Plata (Agentina) were analyzed. Both arches, upper and lower, and all of the permanent dentition with the exception of the third molars were studied. The main objective of this study was to establish the morphological dental pattern according to absolute and relative frequency of the traits that characterize the dentitions of araucanos. It can be concluded, from the frecuency of the traits analyzed, that the sample presents similarities with momgoloid synodonts and it moves away from the European and African populations.

In recent human populations there is a pattern of geographic variation associated to the tooth morphology. In the last decades there has been a remarkable scientific production around the study of non-metric dental traits in order to define the geographic patterns of groups, their history, origin or structure, among others. Between the proposed scopes is the possibility of using the frequency of different traits of expression in a forensic context. We present a review of the literature in MEDLINE, SciELO, and LILACS and REDALYC databases. Full articles in Spanish, Portuguese and English conducting analyzes of dental morphological traits in present South American populations (XX and XXI centuries) were included. Two researchers evaluated the selected articles independently. The search strategies allowed identified 36 studies with a significant participation of Colombia (both authors and samples), followed by Chile and Brazil. While these results demonstrate a robust activity in the field of dental anthropology studying South-American present populations, a reevaluation of the methodologies is suggested if it is to assign a forensic value to dental morphological traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies of non-metric dental traits have managed to estimate biological relationships among ancient and contemporary human groups with a high taxonomic value. While South America has been subject of considerable research on settlement, migration and miscegenation, only a few studies have used information from dental traits for this purpose, with the consequent absence of data over wide geographical areas. A systematic review was conducted of the literature in MEDLINE, SciELO, REDALYC y LILACS, without limiting publication date. Full primary and secondary articles available in Spanish, English and Portuguese were included, where dental morphological traits were used to analyze South American populations with a historical context prior to the twentieth century. The selected articles were evaluated by two researchers independently. The search revealed. 2210 articles, of which 19 met the inclusion criteria, which added 9 after a complementary manual search. There is an unbalanced development of the South American research, both in geographical focus where this is done, as countries and affiliations of the authors. While there has been standardized instruments valuation of these traits, it is suggested to promote an interdisciplinary professionalization, the international support of its projects and the holistic approach of its content to enhance the applicability of their taxonomic value to contemporary populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Dental anthropology is a new science in Colombia, its applications in the different branches of medical and archaeological science are relatively unknown in our academic and scientific environment. This article of informative character tries to place and inform the readers on the fundamental elements of the anthropological study of teeth and its relationships with other sciences like Medicine, Dentistry, Archaeology and Biology.

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Objectives: To determine the frequency, variability, sexual dimorphism and bilateral symmetry of fourteen dental crown traits in the deciduous and permanent dentition of 60 dental models (35 women and 25 men) obtained from a native, indigenous group of Nasa school children of the Musse Ukue group in the municipality of Morales, Department of Cauca, Colombia. Methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study that characterizes dental morphology by means of the systems for temporary dentition from Dahlberg (winging), and ASUDAS (crowding, reduction of hypocone, metaconule and cusp 6), Hanihara (central and lateral incisors in shovel-shape and cusp 7), Sciulli (double bit, layered fold protostylid, cusp pattern and cusp number) and Grine (Carabelli trait); and in permanent dentition from ASUDAS (Winging, crowding, central and lateral incisors in shovel-shape and double shovel-shape, Carabelli trait, hypocone reduction, metaconule, cusp pattern, cusp number, layered fold protostylid, cusp 6 and cusp 7). Results: The most frequent dental crown features were the shovel-shaped form, grooved and fossa forms of the Carabelli trait, metaconule, cusp pattern Y6, layered fold, protostylid (point P) and cusp 6. Sexual dimorphism was not observed and there was bilateral symmetry in the expression of these features. Conclusions: The sample studied presented a great affinity with ethnic groups belonging to the Mongoloid Dental Complex due to the frequency (expression) and variability (gradation) of the tooth crown traits, upper incisors, the Carabelli trait, the protostylid, cusp 6 and cusp 7. The influence of the Caucasoide Dental Complex associated with ethno-historical processes cannot be ruled out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper presents the results obtained from an anthropolgical dental analysis carried out on two contemporary samples obtained from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico; to do this, first, the Average Divergence Measurement between the two samples was taken, then, applying the same methodology, a comparative analysis was carried out on several populations worldwide, along with a multivariate analysis of multidimensional scaling, which provided results that demonstrate that the Yucatan populations, although very similar to each other, registered a differing level of mixed-race European influence, given that the locality of Xpujil, in the Southern part of the Yucatan Peninsula, demonstrates a lower grade of European influence compared with the average, thus supporting the position that throughout the contemporary history of the Mexican Republic, the mixing process has been unequal in different regions of the national territory and that the most (geographically) marginalized populations have seen lower levels of mixing, thus demonstrating that the ancestral Mesoamerican gene pool has --to a certain extent- been maintained [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective is determining the frequency and variability, sexual dimorph, bilateral asymmetry and correspondence between twelve non-metric dental traits and two metric dental traits on the first and second upper and lower premolars in dental casts from 110 subjects from a Colombian racially mixed population. In this descriptive and quantitative study, frequency and variability of twelve non-metric dental crown traits were observed, through the ASUDAS (mesial and distal accessory crest and tricuspid premolar), Higa et al. (mesial and distal interstitial tubercle), van Reenen et al. (hypostile, bucal furrow, transverse ridge, meso-lingual furrow and disto-lingual furrow; and Hillson (lingual cusp number and groove pattern). The frequency of the metric and non-metric dental traits demonstrates that the first premolars present a minor dimensions and simplified morphology (caninization); whereas the second premolars ones are many characterized and of major size (molarization). The frequency of the non-metric dental traits is ambiguous; they do not present sexual dimorphism and present bilateral symmetry, with the exception of the meso-lingual furrow. The correspondence between the first and second upper and lower premolars changes in every trait. The dental dimensions present bilateral symmetry and sexual dimorphism with the exception of the second lower premolars. The dendogram suggests that the sample consists in mixed population with Caucasoid characteristics, negroid influence and mongoloid conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Es notorio que algunos caracteres dentales se usan con el fin de establecer el grado de afinidad entre las poblaciones humanas en el análisis antropológico comparativo. Se sabe también que el sistema dental puede a veces suministrar información muy importante, sirviendo como medio de identificación personal en la práctica forense, ayudando a los expertos en la búsqueda de personas desaparecidas, cuyo número, por desgracia, no disminuye en los países del mundo contemporáneo. No es extraño, por consiguiente, que este tema atraiga no sólo a practicantes de la Odontología forense, sino también a antropólogos que se dedican a la morfología dental.