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Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: Los medicamentos de venta libre (OTC por su sigla en inglés Over The Counter), son ampliamente usados por la mayoría de las personas a nivel mundial, sin embargo, solamente son usados de forma responsable en países donde existe una farmacia comunitaria profesional legalizada. Objetivo: Describir los hábitos de consumo de medicamentos de venta libre por estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, desarrollado en tres universidades de Cartagena. Se aplicó un instrumento tipo encuesta a 140 estudiantes acerca de hábitos de consumo y conocimiento sobre OTC, creencias, actitudes y prácticas. Resultados: El cuestionario presentó una consistencia interna alta con Alfa de Cronbach’s de 0,77. El 59% fueron mujeres, las en edades entre 16-30 años, el 91% estuvo de acuerdo que la automedicación es perjudicial. Sin embargo, 61% asegura automedicarse porque los padecimientos son menores y frecuentes. Los medicamentos de mayor consumo, fueron el acetaminofén 52,9% y los medicamentos antiinflamatorios no esteroides (AINES) con 16,48%, incluyeron en sus respuestas medicamentos de no venta libre. Conclusión: Los estudiantes son conscientes del riesgo de la automedicación, sin embargo, la practican de forma frecuente. Muchos reportaron consumo de medicamentos como amitriptilina, antibióticos, opiáceos, furosemida y corticoides.

Objective: this work seeks to characterize the behavior related to suicide in the population admitted to the Hospital San Vicente Fundación, Rionegro, with an overdose of acetaminophen between January 2019 and December 2020, and to identify factors associated with the toxic dose. Methodology: descriptive analysis with information obtained from medical records. Results: 63 individuals presented acute ingestion of a toxic dose of acetaminophen as behavior related to suicide. Forty-three were women, 60% had a history of psychiatric illness, 35% reported at least one previous suicide attempt, and 22% consumed 25g or more. Acute liver injury was associated with a toxic dose. Conclusions: we evidenced a high prevalence of a history of psychiatric illness and behavior related to suicide; almost a third of the patients ingested doses greater than the risk threshold for liver failure. In addition, impulsiveness and eating at home suggests that restrictive public policies may not have an impact on reducing these events in the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Investigación en Salud VIVE is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Salud VIVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Gastroenterología del Perú is the property of Sociedad de Gastroenterologia del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Acetaminophen is a non-steroidal analgesic and antipyretic, whose mechanism is based on the inhibition of the cyclooxygenase enzyme responsible for the appearance of pain and inflammation. In Mexico, it is one of the drugs widely used for its effectiveness, which is why the objective of this study was to implement a method of chemical validation by ultraviolet spectrophotometry that allows the quantification of this active principle. Method: We worked with 4 dissolution media (HCl: 0.1N MeOH, 0.1M HCl, Methanol: Water in a ratio of 15:85 p / v and 0.2M phosphate buffer). All four media underwent analytical validation, measuring linear regression significance, precision, sample stability, and sensitivity. Results: The 0.1M HCl, MeOH: H2O (15:85 v / v) and Phosphate Buffer media comply with the significance of the intercept, linearity of the method, as well as the parameters of precision, stability, and with the limits of detection (DL) and the limit of quantification (QL). Discarding the HCl: 0.1N MeOH medium for not meeting the linearity parameters. Conclusions: Of the fourth means evaluated, three of them (0.1M HCl, Methanol: water, and phosphate buffer) can be used as alternatives in the quantification of this drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: this study aims to describe patients with overdose intake of acetaminophen between 2019 and 2020 at a reference center for liver transplantation in Colombia. Methodology: study derived from a secondary analysis of the clinical records between January 1st, 2019, to December 31st, 2020. Inclusion criteria were individuals with voluntary acute ingestion of toxic doses of acetaminophen (>4 g/day). Results: sixty-three cases, 68% women, 67% <18-year-old, and 54% students. 60% had personal history of psychiatric illness and 35% reported at least one previous suicide attempt. The median dose of acetaminophen was 15g, 46% referred to co-ingestion with other substances and 13% were under the effect of any psychoactive substance. 57% had a clear intention of suicide. 81% vomited before the arrival to the emergency room, 22% received decontamination intervention with gastric lavage or activated charcoal, and 10% did not receive any dose of N-Acetylcysteine. Fifteen individuals developed an acute liver injury, nine with severity criteria. Conclusions: the population was predominantly young, the personal history of psychiatric disease was highly prevalent, and most of the cases referred a vital event that explains the impulsive behavior in acetaminophen consumption. None developed criteria for liver transplantation, and this could be explained by the young age of the individuals, the episodes of early vomiting, and the absence of chronic liver disease or hepatotoxic substance consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

acetaminophen is an analgesic and antipyretic medication considered safe and effective. Because of this, in Colombia it is freely available and widely used in both children and adults. Due to its easy access, acetaminophen intoxication is a frequent event, so primary care physicians must be knowledgeable about its diagnosis and management. In addition to the risk factors for the development of liver failure and the indications for referring patients to specialized services. The purpose of this article is to guide primary health care personnel about the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of this intoxication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción. Por lo general, el manejo farmacológico del conducto arterioso permeable (CAP) comprende inhibidores no selectivos de la enzima ciclooxigenasa, en especial indometacina e ibuprofeno. En años recientes también se ha sugerido al acetaminofén como alternativa terapéutica. Objetivo. Realizar una revisión narrativa de la literatura acerca del manejo farmacológico del CAP. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda estructurada de la literatura en las bases de datos ProQuest, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, PubMed, LILACS, Embase, Trip Database, SciELO y Cochrane Library con los términos “Ductus Arteriosus, patent AND therapeutics”; “Ductus Arteriosus, patent AND indometacin”; “Ductus Arteriosus, Patent AND ibuprofen”, y “Ductus Arteriosus, patent AND acetaminophen”. La búsqueda se hizo en inglés con sus equivalentes en español. Resultados. Se encontraron 69 artículos con información relevante para llevar a cabo la presente revisión. Conclusiones. En neonatos prematuros, la base del tratamiento farmacológico del CAP continúa siendo los inhibidores no selectivos de la ciclooxigenasa, indometacina e ibuprofeno, ambos con perfiles similares de seguridad y eficacia. La evidencia disponible sugiere que el acetaminofén podría constituir una alternativa útil para el manejo, pero resulta insuficiente para realizar recomendaciones definitivas respecto a la eficacia y seguridad de este medicamento.

Objective: To characterize the number and methods of closure of Persistent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) over a span of 16 years in a third level maternity hospital. Methods: Retrospective study of neonates born between January 2003 and Deccember 2018, who underwent ductus arteriosus closure by pharmacological, surgical and/or transcatheter methods. Gestational age, birth weight, number and methods of closures per year were evaluated. The success rate of the pharmacologic method was calculated, as well as the mortality rate. The association between mortality and birthweight, treatment used and treatment failure was explored. Results: There were 47,198 births, 5,156 were preterm, 325 presented PDA and 106 were eligible for closure (median gestational age — 27 weeks, birthweight <1000 g — 61%). Frequency of PDA closure decreased during the study period, especially starting in 2010. Success rate with pharmacologic treatment was 62% after the first cycle and 74% after the second. After drug failure, 12 underwent surgical ligation and two underwent transcatheter closure. Exclusive surgical ligation was indicated in four infants. Ibuprofen replaced indomethacin in 2010, and acetaminophen was used in three infants. Among the 106 infants, hospital mortality was 12% and it was associated with birthweight <1000 g (13/65 <1000 vs. 0/41 >1000 g; p=0.002) and with failure in the first pharmacologic treatment cycle (13/27 with failure, vs. 0/75 without failure; p<0.001). Conclusions: The national consensus published in 2010 for the diagnosis and treatment of PDA in preterm infants led to a decrease in the indication for closure. Pharmacological closure was the method of choice, followed by surgical ligation. Birthweight <1000 g and first cycle of pharmacologic treatment failure were associated with higher mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia is the property of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Se analizaron los cambios entálpicos y entrópicos derivados del proceso de adsorción de acetaminofén sobre carbones activados con química superficial modificada. Se realizó, además, una variación del pH para determinar los cambios en las propiedades termodinámicas cuando existen cargas en el adsorbato y en el adsorbente. Se encontró que la máxima capacidad de adsorción (1,172 mmoles g -1) corresponde al proceso llevado a cabo en el carbón activado denominado CAR en este estudio a pH 7; los valores de las funciones termodinámicas de entalpía de inmersión y entropía de adsorción fueron -36,02 J g-1 y 0,123 J g-1 K-1, respectivamente. Así, el cambio de entropía de adsorción para el acetaminofén en los carbones activados estudiados dependió del pH. Se encontró que esta función termodinámica varía en el siguiente orden pH 2 > pH 11 > pH 7. Este comportamiento se relaciona con el número de especies presentes en la solución capaces de interactuar con la superficie del carbón activado.

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We sought to determine whether the combined polyphenolic compounds, resveratrol and quercetin can substantially protect against modulation of hepatic biomarkers of apoptosis and survival, p53-Bax axis and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in an animal model of acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury via the association of oxidative stress and interleukin-11 (IL-11). The model group of rats received a single dose of acetaminophen (2 g/kg), whereas the protective group of rats was pre-treated for 7 days with combined doses of resveratrol (30 mg/kg) and quercetin (50 mg/kg) before being given a single dose of acetaminophen. All rats were then sacrificed 24 hours post acetaminophen ingestion. Acetaminophen overdose induced acute liver injury as demonstrated by profound liver parenchymal damage and increased levels of the liver injury enzymes, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Acetaminophen significantly (p<0.05) modulated malondialdehyde (MDA), p53, apoptosis regulator Bax, Bcl-2, IL-11, interleukin-6 (IL-6), ALT, AST, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), which were significantly protected by resveratrol plus quercetin. We further demonstrated a significant (p<0.01) correlation between IL-11 scoring and the levels of p53, Bax, Bcl-2, and MDA. Thus, resveratrol plus quercetin effectively protect against acetaminophen-induced apoptosis, which is associated with the inhibition of oxidative stress and IL-11. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute liver failure is a rare disease but life-threatening, and occurs more frequently in patients without preexisting liver disease. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is one of the analgesic-antipyretic drugs most frequently prescribed by physicians and selfmedicated by people, whose adverse effects are mild discomfort and even lethal side effects that do not necessarily require the toxic dose to cause such serious effects. Not surprisingly, acetaminophen remains a major cause of overdose: from intentional poisoning (suicide) and unintentional (chronic use), whose major effects are ranging from fulminant hepatic failure related to overdose to death; half of these episodes are attributable to paracetamol, and these cases seem to be increasing more and more, because of its easy access and free sale. The aim of this paper is to present a case report and a literature review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of acetaminophen versus ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in newborn preterm. material and methods: Systematic review that included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that compared the efficacy and safety for PDA closure in neonates, between acetaminophen and ibuprofen. RCTs were searched in electronic databases. The selection, data extraction and quality assessment of included studies were done independently by two reviewers. Results: Of 454 potential articles, six RCTs were selected. The sum of the six studies was 733 participants (n = 371 with acetaminophen and n = 362 with ibuprofen). The closure of PDA was similar between the two drugs (87.3% and 84.5%, respectively) so there was no statistical difference, RR = 1.04; CI95%: 0.99-1.09. For safety, in general, no differences were found in the variables studied with the exception that the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding was lower with acetaminophen (RR = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.11-0.73). Conclusion: Acetaminophen orally is comparable in effectiveness to oral ibuprofen for PDA closure of preterm infants, with reduced risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of fever medication in patients with asthma has generated some controversy, known from literature as interfering with the pathogenesis of the disease. Although the classic side effects of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are known in bronchial asthma and acetaminophen is regarded as safe, more recent studies also reveal benefits of ibuprofen, especially upon immune modulation and oxidative stress. The pathogenic mechanisms of the two fever medications are discussed in terms of their effects in patients with asthma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CES Medicina is the property of Universidad CES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En este artículo, se presenta un estudio espectroscópico computacional de Resonancia Magnética Nuclear del acetaminofén y sus principales precursores químicos: el 4-nitrofenol y el 4-aminofenol. Se realizó la optimización molecular de todas las estructuras de interés y, con estas estructuras, se calcularon las propiedades espectroscópicas de resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN). Todos los cálculos fueron realizados utilizando el programa de cálculo electrónico estructural GAUSSIAN 03®. Para los espectros de protón y carbono se utilizó trimetilsilano (TMS) como compuesto de referencia, para los espectros de oxígeno se utilizó como referencia agua y para los de nitrógeno, amoniaco. Los espectros computacionales de 1H-RMN, 13C-RMN, 17O-RMN y 15N-RMN fueron comparados con espectros experimentales y tablas de absorción RMN de diferentes átomos y grupos funcionales obtenidos de la literatura, y se encontró que los espectros calculados presentan las mismas bandas de absorción. Las principales diferencias encontradas se deben al estado de agregación, ya que los cálculos computacionales se realizaron en estado gaseoso, sin presencia de solvente, mientras que los obtenidos de la literatura se encuentran en soluciones deuteradas. Esto demuestra que es posible realizar análisis espectroscópico de RMN mediante cálculos electrónicos computacionales, con un alto nivel de satisfacción, lo que puede ayudar en la elucidación estructural, en los casos en los que resulta imposible utilizar la técnica experimental.

Objective: To identify the alterations of the hepatogram of patients hospitalized for dengue in the Regional Hospital of Encarnación (HRE) from January to April 2016, indicating the possible association between the degree of alteration of the hepatogram with the dosage of acetaminophen during the treatment of infection. Methods: observational, descriptive, retrospective study with analytical component, non-probabilistic sampling of consecutive cases. The clinical records of patients with dengue were reviewed, evaluating and extracting from these records the data of value and variables necessary for the elaboration of the work. Results: We studied 73 patients diagnosed with dengue during the period of time established in the investigation, who consumed acetaminophen during infection by the virus. Regarding the alterations of the hepatogram, it was observed that, of these patients, 61 of them presented alterations of the hepatogram in the GOT transaminase (83.6% of the total, with alteration mean: 137UI / L) and at the same time 58 patients presented alteration of GPT (79.5% of the total, with alteration mean: 123 IU / L). Discussion: A marked alteration of the hepatogram was observed in those patients hospitalized for dengue who consumed acetaminophen during the infection phase, values very similar to those shown in the literature. Given the probable synergy between the liver tropism of the virus and the toxicity of acetaminophen itself, an attempt was made to verify the association between the two. Despite the high incidence of liver damage in the patients studied, the statistical analysis was not significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chikungunya is an infectious disease caused by an alphavirus and transmitted to humans by a mosquito of the genus Aedes species aegypti and albopictus. The name is originated in Tanzania and means "hunched or twisted man"; in Mexico the first case of chikungunya appeared in a woman of 39 years of age who traveled to the Caribbean. During the year 2015 there were confirmed 11,577 cases. A mortality of 0.4% is calculated; however, it increases in elderly people with concomitant diseases; the recovery of the disease varies according to the age and the diagnosis is established by the detection in the blood of the antibodies produced. There is no treatment or preventive vaccine. Rest, fluid intake and acetaminophen are recommended. We present the case of a 65 year-old female patient, native to and resident in the city of Tapachula, Chiapas. She presented with a clinical picture of five days of evolution characterized by myalgias, arthralgia, fever of 38°C, skin rash, holocraneal headache, edema of pelvic limbs and lymphadenopathy in the neck region. Chikungunya virus infection was documented after the work up of several studies as the cause of the mentioned symptoms. Chikungunya is a disease that is generating a very serious problem in our country, not only because of its impact on health, but also because of the great economic loss it entails. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The enthalpic and entropic changes resulting from the process of acetaminophen adsorption on activated carbons with modified surface chemistry were studied. A pH variation was performed to determine the changes in the thermodynamic properties when there are charges in the adsorbate and adsorbent. It was found that the maximum adsorption capacity (1.172 mmoles g-1) corresponds to the process carried out in the activated charcoal labeled as CAR in this study at pH 7; the values of the thermodynamic functions immersion enthalpy and entropy of adsorption were -36.02 J g-1 and 0.123 J g-1 K-1, respectively. Thus, the adsorption entropy change for the acetaminophen on the activated carbons depended on the pH. It was found that this thermodynamic function varies in the following order pH 2 > pH 11 > pH 7. This behavior is related to the number of species present in the solution capable of interact with the activated carbon surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: finding natural treatments designed to protect the liver from the damaging effects of hepatotoxins is an important topic in medical and pharmaceutical research. Objective: to pre-clinically evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of the species Ocimum basilicum L. and Allium sativum L. in an animal model of acetaminophen-induced toxicity. Methods: a preclinical pharmacological study was conducted to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of the species Ocimum basilicum L. and Allium sativum L. against acetaminophen-induced toxicity. Adult male NMRI mice were used. They were orally administered soft extracts of the plants at doses of 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg for three consecutive days before inducing hepatotoxicity. Clinical signs of toxicity and hepatic biochemical parameters were evaluated; in addition, the morphological analysis of the liver was performed. Results: the biochemical parameters showed highly significant differences, but only three groups had results similar to the untreated control group. No macroscopic changes in the liver were confirmed. Microscopically, the absence of histopathological changes prevailed in the groups treated with Ocimum basilicum L. at both doses and Allium sativum L. at 200mg/kg; slight damage was observed by administering 400mg/kg of Allium sativum L., with significant differences from the untreated control group. Conclusions: soft extracts of the species Ocimum basilicum L. and Allium sativum L. at a dose of 200mg/kg have greater hepatoprotective activity against the toxic action of acetaminophen.

Fundamento: la búsqueda de alternativas de tratamiento naturales, orientadas a proteger el hígado de los efectos nocivos de hepatotoxinas, es un tema importante dentro de las investigaciones médico-farmacéuticas. Objetivo: evaluar preclínicamente la actividad hepatoprotectora de las especies Ocimum basilicum L. y Allium sativum L. en un biomodelo de toxicidad inducido por paracetamol. Métodos: se realizó un estudio farmacológico preclínico para evaluar el efecto hepatoprotector de las especies Ocimum basilicum L. y Allium sativum L. frente a la toxicidad inducida por el paracetamol. Se emplearon ratones adultos machos NMRI a los que se administró por vía oral extractos blandos de las plantas de estudio a dosis de 200mg/kg y 400mg/kg, tres días consecutivos previos a la inducción de la hepatotoxicidad. Se evaluaron los signos clínicos de toxicidad, parámetros bioquímicos hepáticos; también se realizó el análisis morfológico del hígado. Resultados: los parámetros bioquímicos analizados mostraron diferencias altamente significativas, pero solo tres grupos presentaron un comportamiento similar al grupo control no tratado. No se confirmaron alteraciones macroscópicas del hígado. Microscópicamente, predominó la ausencia de alteraciones histopatológicas en los grupos donde se administró Ocimum basilicum L. a ambas dosis y Allium sativum L. a 200mg/Kg; también se observó daño leve al administrar 400mg/Kg de Allium sativum L, con diferencias significativas respecto al grupo control no tratado. Conclusión: los extractos blandos de las especies Ocimum basilicum L. y Allium sativum L. a 200mg/kg, poseen mayor actividad hepatoprotectora frente a la acción tóxica del paracetamol.

OBJETIVO: Testar eficácia e segurança da associação de diclofenaco, paracetamol, carisoprodol e cafeína, no tratamento da lombalgia e lombociatalgia agudas, comparadas à eficácia e segurança da ciclobenzaprina. DESENHO DO ESTUDO: Ensaio clínico unicêntrico, randomizado, duplo-cego, comparativo. MÉTODO: As medicações foram administradas 3 vezes ao dia por um período de 7 dias. GRUPO ESTUDADO: 108 pacientes com diagnóstico de lombalgia e lombociatalgia agudas nos últimos 7 dias foram randomizados, sendo 54 em cada grupo. DESFECHO: Os critérios de eficácia primários selecionados para o estudo foram escala visual analógica para dor e questionário de Roland Morris, cujos resultados de antes e depois do tratamento foram comparados. Os secundários foram avaliação global do tratamento pelo paciente e pelo investigador e uso da medicação analgésica de resgate. Os critérios de segurança foram análise de tolerabilidade, interrupção da medicação por evento adverso e exames laboratoriais. RESULTADO: Não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos, em relação à eficácia, em nenhum dos desfechos analisados. Ambas as medicações mostraram-se seguras e toleráveis no tratamento da lombalgia e da lombociatalgia agudas. A análise estatística rigorosa mostrou diferença nos dois grupos apenas no que se refere aos eventos adversos, sendo mais freqüentes no grupo que foi tratado com a ciclobenzaprina.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of diclofenac, paracetamol, carisoprodol, and caffeine in the treatment of acute low back pain and lumboischialgia, compared to the efficacy and safety of cyclobenzaprine. STUDY DESIGN: Single-center, comparative, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. METHOD: Drugs were administered t.i.d. for a period of 7 days. STUDY POPULATION: 108 patients with a diagnosis of acute low back pain and lumboischialgia in the last 7 days were randomized, being included 54 patients in each group. ENDPOINTS: The primary efficacy endpoints selected for the study were the pain visual analog scale and the Roland-Morris questionnaire, the results of which were compared before and after treatment. The secondary endpoints were the patient's and the investigator's overall assessment of the treatment, as well as the use of the analgesic rescue medication. The safety criteria were the tolerability analysis, the medication discontinuation due to adverse events, and laboratory tests. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences among the groups regarding efficacy in any of the endpoints examined. Both medications have been shown to be safe and tolerable in the treatment of acute low back pain and lumboischialgia. The thorough statistical analysis revealed a difference between the two groups only concerning adverse events, which were more frequent in the group treated with cyclobenzaprine.

Copyright of Timisoara Physical Education & Rehabilitation Journal is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dysregulation of inflammatory mechanisms are associated to aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Several authors have proposed that genes related to pro-inflammatory effects are involved in aging. In the present study, the effect of long-term treatment with Ibuprofen (IBU), Acethaminophen (ACET) and meloxicam (MEL) was evaluated in Drosophila melanogaster. At the concentrations tested these drugs induced in the mayority of the cases, a decrease of the lifespan in both sexes. These results suggest that adverse effects of these compounds predominate in this animal model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pain as a subjective experience is high incidence in the adult hospitalized patient, so the use of analgesics in these patients has a high impact on their medical developments and their comfort during their hospital stay. Among the therapeutic options for pain management there are Non-Steroidal Anti- Inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), Opioids, Paracetamol and Metamizol. Each has different pharmaceutical dosage forms to adjust to the condition of each patient. Currently the use of Opioids is being re-evaluated as well as the management techniques like patient-controlled analgesia and interventionist analgesia(epidural analgesia, peripheral nerve blocks and local infiltration). The success of analgesic therapy consists of the appropriate use of analgesics and in the strategies used to objectify the pain; this can be achieved with the implementation of scales to quantify the pain like the visual analogous scale, numeric verbal scale and the verbal assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]