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Two new manganese(III) complexes, [MnL1(EtOH)(Acac)] (I) and [MnL2(DMF)(Esal)] · H2O (II), where L1 and L2 are the dianionic form of 2-[(2-hydroxyphenylimino)methyl]-6-methoxyphenol (H2L1) and 4-chloro-2-[(3-ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino]phenol (H2L2), respectively, Acac is acetylacetone, Esal is 3-ethoxysalicylaldehyde, were prepared and characterized by IR and UV-Vis spectra, as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction (CIF files CCDC nos. 1849854 (I) and 1849855 (II)). Complex I crystallizes as the hexagonal space group P with unit cell dimensions a = b = 20.4482(9), c = 8.6952(7) Å, V = 3148.6(3) Å3, Z = 6, R1 = 0.0375, wR2 = 0.0957, GOOF = 1.050. Complex II crystallizes as the triclinic space group P¯1 with unit cell dimensions a = 8.1602(12), b = 11.5960(15), c = 15.3859(13) Å, α = 78.873(2)°, β = 83.766(2)°, γ = 84.964(2)°, V = 1416.7(3) Å3, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0733, wR2 = 0.1795, GOOF = 1.029. X-ray analyses indicate that the complexes are manganese(III) species, with the Mn atoms in octahedral coordination. The Schiff bases and the complexes were evaluated for their antibacterial (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas fluorescence) activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes, [MoO2L(EtOH)] (I) and [MoO2L(Sal)] (II), where L is the dianionic form of 4-chloro-2-{[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzylidene]amino}phenol (H2L), Sal is 4-diethylaminosalicylaldehyde, were prepared and characterized by IR and UV-Vis spectra, as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction (CIF files CCDC nos. 1849408 (I) and 1849409 (II)). Complex I crystallizes as the triclinic space group with unit cell dimensions a = 7.3050(10), b = 11.6969(16), c = 13.3433(19) Å, α = 103.915(2)°, β = 102.542(2)°, γ = 105.676(2)°, V = 1015.8(2) Å3, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0616, wR2 = 0.1579, GOOF = 1.080. Complex II crystallizes as the triclinic space group with unit cell dimensions a = 7.0773(11), b = 12.8817(12), c = 16.420(2) Å, α = 107.000(2)°, β = 101.478(2)°, γ = 91.416(2)°, V = 1397.4(3) Å3, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0484, wR2 = 0.1048, GOOF = 1.015. X-ray analyses indicate that the complexes are dioxomolybdenum(VI) species with the Mo atoms in octahedral coordination. The catalytic oxidation property of the complexes with tert-butylhydroperoxide in CH2Cl2 was studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New dioxomolybdenum(VI) complex [MoO2(L)(CH3OH)], where L is the dianionic form of N'- (3-bromo-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-4-nitrobenzohydrazide (H2L), was prepared and characterized by IR and UV-Vis spectra, as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction (CIF file ССDС no. 1567063). The complex crystallizes as the monoclinic space group P21/c with unit cell dimensions a = 13.8471(10), b = 7.5618(6), c = 17.9445(12) Å, β = 90.107(2)°, V = 1878.9(2) Å3, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0821, wR2 = 0.0907, GOOF = 1.024. X-ray analysis indicates that the complex is a dioxomolybdenum(VI) species with the Mo atom in octahedral coordination. The catalytic oxidation property of the complex with tert-butylhydroperoxide in CH2Cl2 was studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new dinuclear oxidovanadium(V) complex, [V2O2(μ-O)2L2], where L is the monoanionic form of 2-[(2-methylaminoethylimini)methyl]-4-trifluoromethoxyphenol (HL), was prepared and characterized by IR, UV-Vis and 1H NMR spectra, as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction (CIF file CCDC no. 1567062). The complex crystallizes as the monoclinic space group P21/c with unit cell dimensions a = 12.974(3), b = 6.572(2), c = 17.205(3) Å, β = 107.300(3)°, V = 1400.7(5) Å3, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0879, wR2 = 0.1208, GOOf = 1.068. X-ray analysis indicates that the complex is a centrosymmetric dinuclear oxidovanadium(V) species with the V atoms in octahedral coordination. The Schiff base and the complex were evaluated for their antibacterial (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas fluorescence) activities. The complex has the most activity against B. subtilis with the MIC value of 1.2 μg mL-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Though widely used in modelling nano- and micro- structures, Eringen's differential model shows some inconsistencies and recent study has demonstrated its differences between the integral model, which then implies the necessity of using the latter model. In this paper, an analytical study is taken to analyze static bending of nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli beams using Eringen's two-phase local/nonlocal model. Firstly, a reduction method is proved rigorously, with which the integral equation in consideration can be reduced to a differential equation with mixed boundary value conditions. Then, the static bending problem is formulated and four types of boundary conditions with various loadings are considered. By solving the corresponding differential equations, exact solutions are obtained explicitly in all of the cases, especially for the paradoxical cantilever beam problem. Finally, asymptotic analysis of the exact solutions reveals clearly that, unlike the differential model, the integral model adopted herein has a consistent softening effect. Comparisons are also made with existing analytical and numerical results, which further shows the advantages of the analytical results obtained. Additionally, it seems that the once controversial nonlocal bar problem in the literature is well resolved by the reduction method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, recursive random forests were used to build classification models for mouse liver toxicity. The mouse liver toxicity endpoint (67 toxic and 166 non-toxic) was a composition of fourin vivochronic systemic and carcinogenic toxicity endpoints (non-proliferative, neoplastic, proliferative and gross pathology). A multiple under-sampling approach and a shifted classification threshold of 0.288 (non-toxic < 0.288 and toxic ≥ 0.288) were used to cope with the unbalanced data. Our study showed that recursive random forests are very efficient in variable selection and for the development of predictivein silicomodels. Generally, over 95% redundant descriptors could be reduced from modelling for all the chemical, biological and hybrid models in this study. The predictive performance of chemical models (CCR of 0.73) is comparable with hybrid model performance (CCR of 0.74). Descriptors related to the octanol–water partition coefficient are vital for model performance. Thein vitroendpoint of CYP2A2 played a key role in the development and interpretation of hybrid models. Identifying high-throughput screening assays relevant to liver toxicity would be key for improvingin silicomodels of liver toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by pinewood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus has originated serious loss to pine forestry around the world. Monochamus alternatus is the most important vector of B. xylophilus in Japan and China. It is necessary to develop an efficient method to store M. alternatus for subsequent PCR detection of B. xylophilus. In the present study, beetle samples carrying nematodes were stored in 75% alcohol. A simple procedure was firstly developed for isolating B. xylophilus DNA in 2 mg stored beetle tissue carrying nematodes for subsequent nematode detection by PCR amplification. The B. xylophilus- specific amplicon of 403 bp (DQ855275) was generated by PCR assay from the stored beetle tissue. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a rapid detection of the pine wood nematode - B. xylophilus in stored M. alternatus by rDNA amplification established without a separate nematode extraction. This result will provide a useful method to detect B. xylophilus in stored M. alternatus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers the authors' insights insight regarding their development of a three-dimensional (3D) digital models of placental vascular network of the human through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the placenta in vitro. Authors mention that their study collected six full-term placentae that were separated into three groups. Result shows that digital models of placenta provides a method that could help study placental vasculature.

In this study, a well-dispersed γ-Y2Si2O7 ethanol-based suspension with 30 vol% solid loading was prepared by adding 1 dwb% polyethylene imine dispersant, which allows feeble magnetic γ-Y2Si2O7 particles with anisotropic magnetic susceptibility to rotate in a 12 T strong magnetic field during slip casting, resulting in the development of a strong texture in green bodies. Pressureless sintering gives rise to more pronounced grain growth in the textured sample than in the untextured sample prepared without the magnetic field due to the rapid migration of the grain boundaries of the well-oriented grains, which was revealed by constant-heating-rate sintering kinetics. It was found that the use of two-step sintering is very efficient not only for inhibiting the grain growth but also for enhancing the texture. This implies that controlled grain growth is crucial for enhancing texture development in γ-Y2Si2O7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents information on a study which determined the spatial and temporal characteristics of ground-based thermal neutron reaction products in fast submicron metal-oxide semiconductor devices. Attributes of neutron single-event effects; Simulation of thermal neutron reaction products; Results and discussion; Conclusions.

Summary: The length‐weight relationships were determined for eight fish species [Zebrias zebra (Bloch, 1787); Zebrias quagga (Kaup, 1858); Amblyotrypauchen arctocephalus (Alcock, 1890); Gerres japonicus Bleeker, 1854; Apogonichthyoides pseudotaeniatus (Gon, 1986); Setipinna tenuifilis (Valenciennes, 1848); Bregmaceros rarisquamosus Munro, 1950; Bregmaceros nectabanus Whitley, 1941] belonging to six families. Fish samples were collected using gillnets (20 × 10 m, mesh size 0.5 cm) and cage net (200 × 10 × 15 cm, mesh size 0.5 cm) from mangroves of Guangdong, China. Samples were collected quarterly from June 2015 to March 2017.The allometric coefficient (b) of length‐weight relationship varied from 2.76 for Zebrias zebra to 3.38 for Setipinna tenuifilis. Length‐weight relationships for these 11 fish species were determined for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cuprous oxide films have been deposited on quartz substrates by a sol-gel method under various annealing temperatures. The X-ray diffraction analysis and Raman scattering show that all the films are of pure Cu2O phase. From comparison of photoluminescence with 488 and 325 nm laser excitations, the electronic transition energies and intensities present the annealing-temperature dependent behavior. The electronic band structures of the Cu2O film annealed at 800 °C, especially for the contribution of exciton series and high energy transitions, have been investigated by temperature dependent transmittance. The extracted refraction index and the high frequency dielectric constant both abruptly decrease until the temperature rises up to 100 K. Six transitions can be clearly identified and the red shift trend of Eo3-Eo5 transition energies with increasing the temperature can be found. Moreover, the anomalous behavior takes place at about 200K from the Eo6 transition. The singularities indicate that the change in the crystalline and electronic band structure occurs as the temperature near 100K and 200K for the film. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tunable second harmonic generation of pulsed CO2 laser radiation in a GaSe crystal was demonstrated. The nonlinear optical properties of GaSe and phase-matching conditions were investigated, and the best fitted dispersion relationships for this crystal were also determined. External conversion efficiency of 0.1% with unfocused pumped radiation had been achieved and maximum single pulse energy of 0.19 mJ was generated at 5.3 μm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary We report a case of segmental testicular infarction occurring in a 24-year-old African Malian man who presented with a complaint of sudden and severe left testicular pain for 4 days. Scrotal ultrasound showed a hypoechoic mass in the left testicle. The hypoechoic area demonstrated no blood flow in colour Doppler mode. The patient underwent a left testicular exploration. A partial orchiectomy was performed with complete excision of the lesion. Pathological evaluation revealed a segmental testicular haemorrhagic infarction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The viscosity and filtrate volume of drilling fluid were tested by changing the polyanionic cellulose content in drilling fluid. The effect of polyanionic cellulose on the viscosity and filtrate volume of drilling fluid was analysed. The test results showed that the viscosity of drilling fluid increases with increasing polyanionic cellulose content. When the polyanionic cellulose content is below 1·5%, the viscosity increases slowly, whereas the viscosity increases rapidly when the polyanionic cellulose content is above 1·5%. Equation ( ) is a fitting equation that shows the relationship between viscosity and polyanionic cellulose content. The filtrate volume of drilling fluid decreases approximately linearly with increasing polyanionic cellulose content. Equation ( ) is a fitting equation that shows the relationship between filtrate volume and polyanionic cellulose content. Polyanionic cellulose can effectively improve the viscosity and reduce the filtrate volume of drilling fluid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composites filled with CaF2 gas are ablated by laser beam instead of arc and the microstructure and the contents of the main elements on the ablated surfaces of PTFE composites are analysed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The mechanism of the resistance to laser ablation influenced by CaF2 is studied. The results indicate that it exists an optimum content of CaF2 at which PTFE acquires a relatively high resistance to laser radiation; the optimum content of CaF2 could improve the reflectivity, regulate absorption of laser energy and improve PTFE composites resistance to laser ablation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pine wilt disease (PWD), caused by the pine wood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, leads to serious losses to pine forestry around the world. Pinus massoniana, which is vulnerable to be attacked by the PWN, is the dominant species used in pine forestry in China. The objective of this study is to develop a direct PCR-based method for detecting B. xylophilus in the wood of P. massoniana without a separate nematode extraction step. A simple procedure was first developed for isolating B. xylophilus DNA in 5 mg pine wood tissue samples harbouring PWN for detection by PCR amplification. A B. xylophilus-specific amplicon of 403 bp (DQ855275) was generated by PCR from the infested wood tissue. The entire procedure can be completed within 5 h with one pair of primers. This assay can serve as a rapid, cheap and environmentally friendly method to detect B. xylophilus in samples of P. massoniana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For reasons of unequal distribution of more than one nematode species in wood, and limited availability of wood samples required for the PCR-based method for detecting pinewood nematodes in wood tissue of Pinus massoniana, a rapid staining-assisted wood sampling method aiding PCR-based detection of the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Bx) in small wood samples of P. massoniana was developed in this study. This comprised a series of new techniques: sampling, mass estimations of nematodes using staining techniques, and lowest limit Bx nematode mass determination for PCR detection. The procedure was undertaken on three adjoining 5-mg wood cross-sections, of 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.015 cm dimension, that were cut from a wood sample of 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 cm initially, then the larger wood sample was stained by acid fuchsin, from which two 5-mg wood cross-sections (that adjoined the three 5-mg wood cross-sections, mentioned above) were cut. Nematode-staining-spots (NSSs) in each of the two stained sections were counted under a microscope at 100× magnification. If there were eight or more NSSs present, the adjoining three sections were used for PCR assays. The B. xylophilus- specific amplicon of 403 bp () was generated by PCR assay from 100.00% of 5-mg wood cross-sections that contained more than eight Bx NSSs by the PCR assay. The entire sampling procedure took only 10 min indicating that it is suitable for the fast estimation of nematode numbers in the wood of P. massonina as the prelimary sample selections for other more expensive Bx-detection methods such as PCR assay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our experiences with laparoscopic excisions of symptomatic extraprostatic ejaculatory duct cysts (EDCs) are reported. Three laparoscopic excisions of extraprostatic EDCs performed by one urologist in 2003 and 2004 were retrospectively reviewed. Investigations included history, physical examination, image analysis, semen analysis, operation time, estimated blood loss, time of post-operative hospital stay, recovery time for regular activities, sexual function and complications. The laparoscopic excisions of EDCs were successful. The mean operation time was 105 min, and the mean estimated blood loss was 65 ml. The average post-operative hospital stay was 3.0 days. All patients exhibited normal erection and normal ejaculation. Improvement in semen quality was observed in two patients. All patients remained free of symptoms, and recurrence of EDCs was not detected on transrectal ultrasonography over a mean 32-month follow-up period. It is concluded that laparoscopic excision of an EDC is feasible and effective. Due to minimal invasiveness, short post-operative hospitalisation and rapid recovery, laparoscopic surgery is an attractive approach to managing symptomatic EDCs, especially for sizeable cysts or those including calculus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: We analysed vegetation data recorded in the degraded lowland grasslands in Otindag Sandland during the first 4-years of restoration (2001–2004) to investigate: (1) the contribution of individual plant functional type (PFT) to PFT diversity of community and (2) the relationships between primary productivity and biodiversity both at species and PFT levels. Sixteen PFTs were distinguished based on the following traits: (1) life-span (annual vs. perennial); (2) photosynthetic pathway (C3 vs. C4); (3) reproductive mode (clonal vs. non-clonal); and (4) growth form (grass vs. forb). Analysis of data indicates that density, coverage, number of species, phytomass, and relative importance of PFTs depended strongly on life-span, photosynthetic pathway, reproductive mode and growth form. Phytomass was significantly correlated with PFT diversity, but not species diversity. However, the relationship between phytomass and PFT diversity varied greatly with year, with a positive relationship in 2001 and 2004 and a negative one in 2002 and 2003. As the restoration proceeds, the perennial C3 clonal grass became the greatest contributor to PFT diversity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Heterothermic mammals tolerate severe hypoxia, as well as a variety of central nervous system insults, better than homeothermic mammals. Tolerance to hypoxia may stem from adaptations associated with the ability to survive hibernation and periodic arousal thermogenesis. Here, we review evidence and mechanisms of hypoxia tolerance during hibernation, euthermy and arousal in heterothermic mammals and consider potential mechanisms for regenerative-like processes, such as synaptogenesis, observed within hours of hypoxic stress associated with arousal thermogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]