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Teslas rapid growth has made it in a dominant position in the entire auto industry, and it has successfully unveiled the start of electric vehicles market and played the leading role ever since the beginning.The prevalence and success of electric vehicles have caught the attention of conventional automakers who used to place their focus on producing petrol cars,trying to replicate the Teslas success in producing all electric vehicles.with no doubt,Tesla is sure to have the absolute advantage over the entire auto industry,which is generally reflected by its huge market cap compaired to others.In this study, the main focus is the analysis on the reason why Teslas market cap is greater than its competitors ,including introduction about Tesla itself and its CEO Elon Musks early lifetime and entrepreneurial history , as well as the the efforts Tesla made in developing the most advanced battery technology. The paper will also illustrate the comparison with four competitive automakers Ford, Volkswagen, Toyota and Niousing different valuation metrics such as price earnings ratio, price book ratio and stock price.

Uncertainties are unavoidable in practical engineering, and phononic crystals are no exception. In this paper, the uncertainties are treated as the interval parameters, and an interval phononic crystal beam model is established. A perturbation-based interval finite element method (P-IFEM) and an affine-based interval finite element method (A-IFEM) are proposed to study the dynamic response of this interval phononic crystal beam, based on which an interval vibration transmission analysis can be easily implemented and the safe bandgap can be defined. Finally, two numerical examples are investigated to demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the P-IFEM and A-IFEM. Results show that the safe bandgap range may even decrease by 10% compared with the deterministic bandgap without considering the uncertainties.

First, this study proposed a metamaterial beam model with spatially varying interval density. The interval dynamic equation of this model could be established by incorporating the decomposition results of the interval field based on Karhunen–Loeve expansion into the finite element method. An interval perturbation finite element method was developed to evaluate the bounds of the dynamic response interval vector. Then, an interval vibration transmission analysis could be performed, and the frequency range of the safe band gap could be determined. Meanwhile, Monte Carlo simulations and the vertex method are also presented to provide reference solutions. By comparison, it was found that the calculation accuracy of the interval perturbation finite element method was acceptable. The numerical results also showed that the safe band gap range was significantly smaller than that of the deterministic band gap.

It is inevitable that urban agglomeration will have a coercive impact on the regional Ecological Environment Quality (EEQ) as a consequence of high-speed urbanization. Balancing the EEQ and urbanization development has become a problem worthy of attention. In order to objectively evaluate the EEQ of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration (YRDUA) and explore the impact of the urbanization process on it, this paper is based on the Modified Remote Sensing Ecological Index (MRSEI) and the Comprehensive Night Light Index (CNLI), respectively, and conducts a quantitative assessment of the YRDUA in China from 2000 to 2020. The results show that: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the MRSEI of the YRDUA first decreased and then increased, and the ecological environment quality degraded first and then improved; however, there were significant differences between regions. The ecological environment quality in the south is obviously better than that in the north, and the ecological environment quality in the north changes more drastically, and the low value area of MRSEI will gradually move downstream as time changes; (2) During the study period, the YRDUA formed a hierarchical and progressive urbanization pattern. The inland urbanization process expanded from east to west along the Yangtze River, and the urbanization process of coastal cities expanded from Shanghai as the center to the north and south with high-intensity urbanization cities concentrated in Shanghai and its surrounding cities and low-intensity urbanization cities distributed in the western part of the urban agglomeration; (3) The Coupling Coordination Degree (CCD) between urbanization and EEQ in the YRDUA has continuously improved with an increase of 28.57% in the past 21 years, and the number of cities with high level coupling continues to rise, while the number of medium level coupling cities and low level coupling cities has declined. As a large-scale and long-term analysis of changes in the EEQ and the urbanization process, this study can provide theoretical support for policymakers to formulate mesoscale development planning, EEQ monitoring, and environmental protection policies.

The recently developed physics-informed neural network (PINN) has achieved success in many science and engineering disciplines by encoding physics laws into the loss functions of the neural network such that the network not only conforms to the measurements and initial and boundary conditions but also satisfies the governing equations. This work first investigates the performance of the PINN in solving stiff chemical kinetic problems with governing equations of stiff ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The results elucidate the challenges of utilizing the PINN in stiff ODE systems. Consequently, we employ quasi-steady-state assumption (QSSA) to reduce the stiffness of the ODE systems, and the PINN then can be successfully applied to the converted non-/mild-stiff systems. Therefore, the results suggest that stiffness could be the major reason for the failure of the regular PINN in the studied stiff chemical kinetic systems. The developed stiff-PINN approach that utilizes QSSA to enable the PINN to solve stiff chemical kinetics shall open the possibility of applying the PINN to various reaction-diffusion systems involving stiff dynamics.

Fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) infection results in serious hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) in broilers, which has caused great economic losses to the poultry industry; however, the specific host responses to FAdV-4 remain unknown. In this study, we identified 141 high-confidence protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between the main viral proteins (Hexon, Fiber 1, Fiber 2, and Penton bases) and host proteins via a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay. We found that heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), the protein with the highest score, and its cofactor DnaJ heat shock protein 40 family member C7 (DnaJC7) could negatively regulate the replication of FAdV-4. Furthermore, the nucleotide binding domain (NBD) of Hsp70 and the J domain of DnaJC7 were necessary for inhibiting FAdV-4 replication. We verified that DnaJC7 as a bridge could bind to Hsp70 and Hexon, assisting the indirect interaction between Hsp70 and Hexon. In addition, we found that FAdV-4 infection strongly induced the expression of autophagy proteins and cellular Hsp70 in a dose-dependent manner. Blockage of Hexon by Hsp70 overexpression was significantly reduced when the autophagy pathway was blocked by the specific inhibitor chloroquine (CQ). Our results showed that Hsp70 was co-opted by DnaJC7 to interact with viral Hexon and inhibited Hexon through the autophagy pathway, leading to a considerable restriction of FAdV-4 replication. IMPORTANCE FAdV-4, as the main cause of HHS, has quickly spread all over the world in recent years, seriously threatening the poultry industry. The aim of this study was to identify the important host proteins that have the potential to regulate the life cycle of FAdV-4. We found that Hsp70 and DnaJC7 played crucial roles in regulating the amount of viral Hexon and extracellular viral titers. Moreover, we demonstrated that Hsp70 interacted with viral Hexon with the assistance of DnaJC7, followed by suppressing Hexon protein through the autophagy pathway. These results provide new insight into the role of the molecular chaperone complex Hsp70-DnaJC7 in FAdV-4 infection and suggest a novel strategy for anti-FAdV-4 drug development by targeting the specific interactions among Hsp70, DnaJC7 and Hexon.

In this paper, a time–frequency algorithm based on adaptive chirplet transform for parameter modeling and identification of Linear Time-Varying (LTV) systems under random excitation is presented. It is assumed that the solution of responses of LTV structures is expressed as the sum of multicomponent Linear Frequency Modulated (LFM) signals in a short-time. Then the measured acceleration response is used to perform the adaptive chirplet transform, in which an integral algorithm is employed to reconstruct the velocity and displacement responses. The vibration differential equation with time-varying coefficients is transformed into a simple linear equation. Furthermore, for systems under random excitation, the input–output relation based on correlation function is also derived to estimate the parameters including physicals parameters and instantaneous modal parameters. The full procedure of the method is presented and validated by using simulated responses. The results show that the presented method is accurate and robust for various LTV systems under random excitation.

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is the most common species with the highest toxicity among fumonisins. In order to develop a sensitive and simple approach for the detection of FB1 in maize, we designed a new label-free and simple DNA electrochemical aptasensor. Au nanoparticles and graphene oxide (GO) were utilized and chemically modified to amplify the electrochemical signal and afford anchor sites for the modification of recognition probe for FB1. Besides, thionine, an excellent electrochemical indicator, was conjugated on GO–Au complex surface based on the π–π interaction between thionine and GO. To measure FB1 with high specificity and decrease the interference signal produced in real sample measurement, its aptamer was functionalized on Au particle surface via Au−S bond. The proposed biosensor demonstrates a wide linear range between 1 × 10–11 to 1 × 10–4 g/mL with a low detection limit of 10 pg/mL. Importantly, it exhibits acceptable practicability and good stability in real sample detection.

Background The infiltration of neutrophils aggravates inflammatory response in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and the role of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in neutrophil-associated inflammation is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the regulatory effects of CaSR on nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in neutrophils and to explore its role in AMI-related ventricular remodelling. Methods The expression of CaSR, NLRP3 inflammasome, and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in peripheral blood and infiltrating neutrophils in patients and rats with AMI was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected by western blotting and transmission electron microscopy. The degree of fibrosis was evaluated by Masson staining and western blotting. Results We found upregulation of CaSR, NLRP3 inflammasome, Caspase-1, and IL-1β in peripheral neutrophils from patients with AMI compared with matched healthy controls, peaking on day 1 and decreasing gradually till 7 days. Peripheral and infiltrating neutrophils from rats with AMI showed the same trend. Calindol enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β release in neutrophils from healthy volunteers, which was blocked by inhibitors of the PLC-IP3 pathway and ER-Ca2+ release. Calhex-231 decreased NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β release in neutrophils from patients with AMI. The calindol-stimulated neutrophils from healthy rats promoted cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis of cardiac fibroblasts from healthy rats, which were inhibited by calhex-231. Conclusion The results suggest that CaSR activates NLRP3 inflammasome in neutrophils, contributing to ventricular remodelling after AMI. CaSR inhibition may be a potential therapeutic target for heart failure in AMI.

Instantaneous modal parameter identification of time-varying dynamic systems is a useful but challenging task, especially in the identification of damping ratio. This paper presents a method for modal parameter identification of linear time-varying systems by combining adaptive time-frequency decomposition and signal energy analysis. In this framework, the adaptive linear chirplet transform is applied in time-frequency analysis of acceleration response for its higher energy concentration, and the response of each mode can be adaptively decomposed via an adaptive Kalman filter. Then, the damping ratio of the time-varying systems is identified based on energy analysis of component response signal. The proposed method can not only improve the accuracy of instantaneous frequency extraction but also ensure the antinoise ability in identifying the damping ratio. The efficiency of the method is first verified through a numerical simulation of a three-degree-of-freedom time-varying structure. Then, the method is demonstrated by comparing with the traditional wavelet and time-domain peak method. The identified results illustrate that the proposed method can obtain more accurate modal parameters in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scenarios.

This paper presents an element-by-element-based interval finite-element method (EBE-IFEM) for the uncertain interior acoustic field prediction with uncertain-but-bounded parameters. The int...

Applying nonlocal elasticity theory, von Karman type nonlinear strain-displacement relation and plane wave expansion (PWE) method to Euler-Bernoulli beam, the calculation method of band structure of a nonlinear nonlocal piezoelectric phononic crystal (PC) nanobeam is proposed and formulized. In order to investigate the properties of wave propagating in the nanobeam in detail, band gaps of first four orders are picked, and the corresponding influence rules of electro-mechanical coupling fields, nonlocal effect and geometric parameters on band gaps are studied. During the researches, external electrical voltage and axial force are chosen as the influencing parameters related to electro-mechanical coupling fields. Scale coefficient is chosen as the influencing parameter corresponding to nonlocal effect. Length ratio between materials PZT-4 and epoxy and height-width ratio are chosen as the influencing parameters of geometric parameters. Moreover, all the influence rules are compared to those in linear nanobeam. The results are expected to be of help for the design of micro and nano devices based on piezoelectric periodic nanobeam.

Since late 2011, outbreaks of pseudorabies virus (PRV) have occurred in southern China causing major economic losses to the pig industry. We previously reported that variant PRV forms and recombination in China could be the source of continued epidemics. Here, we analyzed samples from intensive pig farms in eastern China between 2017 and 2019, and sequenced the main glycoproteins (gB, gC, gD, and gE) to study the evolution characteristics of PRV. Based on the gC gene, we found that PRV variants belong to clade 2 and detected a founder effect during by the PRV epidemic. In addition, we detected inter- and intra-clade recombination; in particular, inter-clade recombination in the gB genes of strains FJ-ZXF and FJ-W2, which were recombinant with clade 1 strains. We also found specific amino-acid changes and positively selected sites, possibly associated with functional changes. This analysis of the emergence of PRV in China illustrates the need for continuous monitoring and the development of vaccines against specific variants of PRV. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s12250-019-00140-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

A modeling technique based on the scaled boundary finite element method is developed for both static and dynamic analyses of cylindrical shells. A new scaling strategy is employed to ensure that the shell boundaries and the cross sections at the element inferfaces are accurately represented through the scaling process. The formulation starts directly from the three-dimensional linear elasticity theory for cylindrical shells. The principle of virtual work involving the inertial force is applied to derive the scaled boundary finite element equation. Only the in-plane dimensions of the structure are discretized with finite elements while the solution through the thickness is expressed analytically as a Pade expansion. A variable transformation procedure facilitates the development of the dynamic stiffness matrix, which leads to the static stiffness matrix and mass matrix naturally. A laminate model with arbitrary number of layers can readily be constructed. Numerical examples demonstrate the accuracy, applicability and efficiency of the two-layer model.

The support vector machine (SVM) is verified to be effective for predicting cyber security situations, however, the long training time of the prediction model is a drawback to its use. To address this, a cyber security situation prediction model based on MapReduce and the SVM is proposed. The base classifier for this model uses an SVM, and parameter optimization is performed by the Cuckoo Search (CS) to determine the optimal parameters of the SVM. Considering the problem of time cost when a data set is large, we choose to use MapReduce to perform distributed training on SVMs to improve training speed. “Map” is used to map distributed training network security situation data, and “Reduce” merges and sorts the prediction results. Experimental results show that the proposed prediction model has improved the accuracy and decreased the training time cost compared to the traditional model.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that play an important role in the mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM); however, whether human recombinant relaxin-3 (H3 relaxin) inhibits myocardial injury in DCM rats and the underlying mechanisms involving miRNAs remain unknown. miRNA expression profiles were detected using miRNA microarray and bioinformatics analyses of myocardial tissues from control, DCM, and H3 relaxin-administered DCM groups, and the regulatory mechanisms of the miRNAs were investigated. A total of 5 miRNAs were downregulated in the myocardial tissues of DCM rats and upregulated in H3 relaxin-treated DCM rats, and 1 miRNA (miRNA let-7d-3p) was increased in the myocardial tissue of DCM rats and decreased in H3 relaxin-treated DCM rats as revealed by miRNA microarray and validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Important signaling pathways were found to be triggered by the differentially expressed miRNAs, including metabolism, cancer, Rap1, PI3K-Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways. The study revealed that H3 relaxin improved glucose uptake in DCM rats, potentially via the regulation of miRNA let-7d-3p.

Filamentous fungus F03 belonging to Basidiomycota was obtained and identified as Phlebiopsis crassa based on ITS sequence when Morchella. sp was isolated from the wild fruiting body by spores releasing method. Chemical constituents were separated by gel chromatography, HPLC and recrystallization. Structures of compounds were confirmed by NMR data. Four products orsellinic acid (1), α-nigerose (2), uridine (3), N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide (4) were identified and all compounds were isolated from the genus Phlebiopsis for the first time.

Talents represent the motive power for the innovative development of cities because of their ability to learn better skills, make better products, and master better management methods within a shorter time. Therefore, the research on talent demand has long-term significance for the development of China. First, according to the work requirements of A city in China, the expectations of the profession, the expected educational background, the changes in positions and recruiters over time, analyze the relationship between recruiters and positions and their respective years, and make departments and recruiters. Get a histogram of the distribution of recruiters in each department. Secondly, a gray forecasting model and a seasonal forecasting method were established. Based on the talent demand situation of the A job market and the employment status of Chinese students, the potential talent demand of the city in the next three years was predicted and analyzed. Finally, based on the predicted results and the conclusions reached, we made some suggestions to the government with the target function as the biggest goal.

This paper develops a unified and efficient simulation technique based on the scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) for transient structural–acoustic problems in two dimensions. The structural component can be an assembly of thin to moderately thick unidirectional plates. Each of them is treated as a plane strain problem and the principle of virtual work involving the inertial contribution is applied to derive the scaled boundary finite element equation. Only the longitudinal dimension is discretized with line elements and the solution through the thickness is expressed analytically as a Pade expansion. A variable transformation process together with certain structural assumptions leads to the static stiffness and mass matrices. The acoustic field can be a semi-infinite region, which is first divided by an artificial boundary into a near field and an exterior domain. The former is analyzed using the improved continued-fraction approach and the latter is modeled by the improved doubly-asymptotic open boundary. These formulations are based on velocity potential and established consistently in the SBFEM framework. High-order spectral elements are employed for both the structural and acoustic domains, to which independent discretization schemes are applied. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the excellent performances of the proposed technique.

Cardiac fibrosis is one of the primary mechanisms of ventricular remodeling, and there is no effective method for reversal. Activation of calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) has been reported to be involved in the development of myocardial fibrosis, but the molecular mechanism for CaSR activation has not yet been clarified and needs to be further explored. Here, we found that AngII induces cardiac fibroblast proliferation and phenotypic transformation in a dose-dependent manner with increased CaSR and autophagy related protein (Beclin1, LC3B) expression. CaSR activation results in intracellular calcium release, MEK1/2 pathway phosphorylation, autophagy activation and collagen formation induced by AngII in cardiac fibroblasts. However, pretreating the cells with Calhex231, PD98059 or 3-MA partially blocked AngII-induced cardiac fibrosis. Our data indicate that the activation of CaSR-mediated MEK/ERK and autophagic pathways is involved in AngII-induced cardiac fibrosis in vitro.

Hyperproliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Proper mitochondrial fission and fusion is involved with VSMC function. However, the role and mechanism of mitochondrial morphological changes in VSMC proliferation are not well understood. Here, we found that calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) was increased in the aortas from spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs) compared with age-matched Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. There was also an increase in mitochondrial fission and VSMC proliferation, which was attenuated by Calhex231. In primary rat VMSC, angiotensin II (Ang II) stimulation induced cytosolic [Ca2+]i increase, mitochondrial shortening and proliferation, all of which could be attenuated by pretreatment with mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (Mdivi-1) and Calhex231. Our data indicate that CaSR-mediated mitochondrial fission could be a therapeutic target for hyperproliferative disorders.

This paper introduces the concept of semi-infinite phononic crystal (PC) on account of the infinite periodicity in x-y plane and finiteness in z-direction. The plane wave expansion and finite element methods are coupled and formulized to calculate the band structures of the proposed periodic elastic composite structures based on the typical geometric properties. First, the coupled plane wave expansion and finite element (PWE/FE) method is applied to calculate the band structures of the Pb/rubber, steel/epoxy and steel/aluminum semi-infinite PCs with cylindrical scatters. Then, it is used to calculate the band structure of the Pb/rubber semi-infinite PC with cubic scatter. Last, the band structure of the rubbercoated Pb/epoxy three-component semi-infinite PC is calculated by the proposed method. Besides, all the results are compared with those calculated by the finite element (FE) method implemented by adopting COMSOL Multiphysics. Numerical results and further analysis demonstrate that the proposed PWE/FE method has strong applicability and high accuracy.

This paper extends the traditional plane wave expansion (PWE) method to calculate the band structure of the proposed simplified model of composite locally resonant phononic crystal (LRPC) plate. Explicit matrix formulations are developed for the calculation of band structure. In order to illustrate the accuracy of the results, the band structure calculated by PWE method is compared to that calculated by finite element (FE) method. In addition, in order to reveal the bandgap properties, band structures of the “spring–mass” simplified model of stubbed-on LRPC plate, “spring–torsional spring–mass” simplified model of stubbed-on LRPC plate and “spring–torsional spring–mass” simplified model of composite LRPC plate with and without the viscidity considered are presented and investigated in detail.

Stimulator of interferon gene (STING) plays an important role in the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-mediated activation of type I IFN responses. In this study, we identified and cloned canine STING gene. Full-length STING encodes a 375 amino acid product that shares the highest similarity with feline STING. Highest levels of mRNA of canine STING were detected in the spleen and lungs while the lowest levels in the heart and muscle. Analysis of its cellular localization showed that STING is localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum. STING overexpression induced the IFN response via the IRF3 and NF-κB pathways and up-regulated the expression of ISG15 and viperin. However, knockdown of STING did not inhibit the IFN-β response triggered by poly(dA:dT), poly(I:C), or SeV. Finally, overexpression of STING significantly inhibited the replication of canine influenza virus H3N2. Collectively, our findings indicate that STING is involved in the regulation of the IFN-β pathway in canine., Highlights • Here we first identified and cloned canine STING gene. • STING overexpression induced the IFN response via the IRF3 and NF-kB pathways. • Overexpression of STING inhibited the replication of H3N2 CIV.

A unified technique based on the scaled boundary finite element method is presented in this paper to analyze the bending, free vibration and forced vibration of thin to moderately thick beams with constant material properties and rectangular cross sections. The structure model is treated as a plane stress problem and the principle of virtual work involving the inertial force is applied to derive the scaled boundary finite element equation. Higher order spectral elements are used to discretize the longitudinal dimension and the solution through the thickness is expressed analytically as a Pade expansion. A variable transformation technique facilitates the development of the dynamic stiffness matrix, which leads to the static stiffness and mass matrices naturally. Rayleigh damping and Newmark-β method are employed to perform the forced vibration analysis. Numerical examples covering static and dynamic analyses validate the excellent performance and capability of this approach.

Calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) mediates pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Mitochondria maintain their function through fission and fusion and disruption of mitochondrial dynamic is linked to various cardiac diseases. This study examined how inhibition of CaSR by the inhibitor Calhex231 affected the mitochondrial dynamics in a hypertensive model in rats. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were used in this study. Cardiac function and blood pressure was evaluated at the end of the study. SHRs showed increases in the ratio of heart weight to body weight and the levels of CaSR; all of these increases were suppressed by Calhex231. Additionally, Calhex231 treatment of SHRs changed the expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics. Our results demonstrated that CaSR activation induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through the mitochondrial dynamics mediated apoptotic pathway in hypertensive hearts.

This paper couples the plane wave expansion (PWE) and finite element (FE) methods to calculate the band structures of the semi-infinite beam-like phononic crystals (PCs) with the infinite periodicity in z-direction and finiteness in x–y plane. Explicit matrix formulations are developed for the calculation of band structures. In order to illustrate the applicability and accuracy of the proposed coupled plane wave expansion and finite element (PWE/FE) method to beam-like PCs, several examples are displayed. At first, PWE/FE method is applied to calculate the band structures of the Pb/rubber beam-like PCs with circular and rectangular cross sections, respectively. Then, it is used to calculate the band structures of steel/epoxy and steel/aluminum beam-like PCs with the same geometric parameters. Last, the band structure of the three-component beam-like PC is also calculated by the proposed method. Moreover, all the results calculated by PWE/FE method are compared with those calculated by finite element (FE) method, and the corresponding results are in good agreement.

Aims Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation plays a significant role in the development of various vascular disorders. However, the effect of cortistatin (CST) on VSMC proliferation remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of our research aimed to study whether CST protected VSMCs from angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced proliferation and which mechanisms participated in the process. Main methods Cultured rat VSMCs were treated with Ang II with or without CST for 24 h. Cell proliferation rate was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay. The expressions of CST and its receptors were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The protein expression levels were analyzed by western blots. Immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe autophagy. Key findings Our results showed that different concentrations of CST alleviated the Ang II-induced VSMC proliferation. The autophagy and reactive oxygen species (ROS) stimulated by Ang II were attenuated by CST. Furthermore, when the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) was added, it exerted similar inhibition effects like CST, but didn't augment the protective role of CST on Ang II-induced VSMC autophagy and proliferation. Moreover, blocking somatostatin receptor 3 and 5 (SSTR3 and SSTR5) partially abrogated the suppressive effect of CST on Ang II-stimulated VSMC proliferation and autophagy. Significance This study indicated that CST could ameliorate Ang II-stimulated VSMC proliferation by inhibiting autophagy partially through its receptors SSTR3 and SSTR5, providing a reasonable evidence for CST as a novel perspective therapeutic target of vascular diseases.