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A dynamic magnetic flux template (DMT) has been developed for preparing 1D nanomaterials efficiently. It can be quickly established and revoked without introducing any pollution. The DMT behaves like a template for guiding the orientation, bearing a 1D structure, activating the nucleation, and providing a driving force for 1D nanomaterial growth.

With the rapid development and great progress of the social and economic system in China and the world in the new era, the application of statistics has played an increasingly important role in the development of the national economic operation system and economic society. Statistics is an important means of collecting, sorting, analyzing, processing, and demonstrating data related to economic and social development in economic development. The theoretical system and method play a key role in sorting out and analyzing the economic situation, process and trend of the Chinese people and the world. At the same time, it has extensive and far-reaching significance for governments and departments at all levels to scientifically formulate economic development directions, understand the laws of economic and social operation, and grasp the basic state of economic trends. This paper mainly starts from the basic concepts of statistics, combines the current situation of economic development, and explains and discusses the important role and effect of statistics in economic development according to the application and reaction of relevant knowledge of statistics in the current rapid economic development. profound meaning.

Rapid urbanization has triggered large rural population floating into cities, which in turn affects rural human-land relationships. The actual human-land relationship involves the coupling level of a time point and dynamic change of a time interval. However, few studies have identified the rural human-land relationship from these two perspectives. This study combined static coupling analysis with a dynamic decoupling model to analyze the relationships between rural population and settlements from 2009 to 2018 in Jiangsu Province, China. Although the static coupling degree in Jiangsu Province was relatively high, the decoupling analysis found that the rural human-land relationship in most counties was uncoordinated. There were 11 combination types based on the coupling and decoupling relationships. The most common two types (accounting for 76.74%) were recession decoupling with high-level coupling and strong decoupling with high-level coupling. Although the majority of counties had a high-level coupling degree, an uncoordinated change in rural population and rural settlements was observed in these counties. Counties with relatively reasonable human-land relationships accounted for only 12.79% of the total. The combination features for each type were identified and differential policies were proposed for optimizing human-land relationship in rural areas. This study would contribute to our understanding of the multiple relationships between rural population and settlements involved in different patterns and processes, and expect to provide theoretical and methodological support for promoting rural revitalization and sustainable development in practice.

Yeasts play important roles in both the environment and in human welfare. While some environmental yeasts positively contribute to nutrient cycling and food production, a significant number of yeast species are opportunistic human pathogens, including several that are tolerant/resistant to commonly used antifungal drugs. At present, most of our understanding of environmental yeasts has come from a few terrestrial environments in selected geographic regions. Relatively little is known about yeast diversity in tropical environments and their potential impacts on human health. Here, we characterize culturable yeasts in 968 environmental samples from eight regions in tropical China. Among the 516 soil, 273 freshwater, and 179 seawater samples, 71.5%, 85.7%, and 43.6% contained yeasts, respectively. A total of 984 yeast isolates were analyzed for their DNA barcode sequences and their susceptibilities to fluconazole. DNA sequence comparisons revealed that the 984 yeast isolates likely belonged to 144 species, including 106 known species and 38 putative novel species. About 38% of the 984 isolates belonged to known human pathogens and the most common species was Candida tropicalis, accounting for 21% (207/984) of all isolates. Further analyses based on multi-locus sequence typing revealed that some of these environmental C. tropicalis shared identical genotypes with clinical isolates previously reported from tropical China and elsewhere. Importantly, 374 of the 984 (38%) yeast isolates showed intermediate susceptibility or resistance to fluconazole. Our results suggest that these environmental yeasts could have significant negative impacts on human health.

The occurrence of regressive autism is closely related to the disturbance of immunity and intestinal microbiota. The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in maintaining the balance of the human immune system, and also regulated central nervous system activity. Soil is a micro-ecological environment that contains the majority of all known microbial species. The number of species found in human feces is around 1/10 times of that found in soil. Therefore, soil can be considered as the microbial “seed bank”. Our previous research indicated that everyday living environments are too clean, which, combined with the lack of contact with soil, results in the loss of a large number of microorganisms, and eating soil increased the gut microbial diversity and immune function in mice. As a special soil, Fulonggan (Terra Flava Usta) is a safe traditional Chinese medicine that has been used in the clinic for 1500 years. Here we report a case of 4.5-year-old male regressive autism with comorbidities of food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and constipation. Fulonggan was used to treat for 12 months from the age of 52 months to 63 months. For the first month of taking Fulonggan, he was also receiving the allergy medicine Singulair (montelukast). The constipation disappeared 5 days after taking Fulonggan, the allergic rhinitis disappeared 4 months later, and the food allergy disappeared after the treatment was stopped. Furthermore, the language skills, social skills, and mood were obviously better according to the Gesell Developmental Scale–Chinese Revised Version and Autism Behavior Checklist. At present, the child has returned to kindergarten. This report proposes a new method for the treatments of regressive autism and comorbidities including food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and constipation. The therapeutic method is effective and safe, and worth to be an alternative for regressive autism or allergy diseases.

Formic acid has recently come to be considered as a promising material for chemical storage of hydrogen. To date, highly efficient and low-cost heterogeneous catalysts for formic acid dehydrogenation without additive under mild conditions are still limited. In this work, we employed amine-functionalized sepiolite, a typical natural clay mineral with fibrous structure, as support to synthesize a nanocatalyst by the simple impregnation-reduction method. The amine groups on amine functionalized sepiolite support are shown to significantly reduce the average size of Pd nanoparticles (from 7.60 to 2.80 nm) as well as provide a synergistic effect with the Pd nanoparticles, which boosts the rate of additive-free formic acid dehydrogenation (initial turnover frequency (TOF) values of 5587 h−1 at 60 °C, equal to or even better than the most active heterogeneous catalysts). Compared to current catalyst systems, this catalyst can lead to a brighter prospect of cost-efficient heterogeneous catalysts for formic acid dehydrogenation.

The high energy consumption of CO2-loaded solvent regeneration is the biggest impediment for the real application of the amine-based CO2 capture process. To lower the energy requirement, three Fe promoted SO42–/ZrO2 supported on MCM-41 (SZMF) catalysts with different iron oxide content (5%, 10%, and 15%) were synthesized and applied for the rich monoethanolamine solution regeneration process at 98 °C. Results reveal that the use of SZMF hugely enhanced the CO2 desorption performances (i.e., desorption factor) by 260–388% and reduced the heat duty by about 28–40%, which is better than most of the reported catalysts for this purpose. The eminent catalytic activities of SZMF are related to their enhanced ratio of Bronsted to Lewis acid sites, weak acid sites, basic sites, and high dispersed Fe3+ species. Meanwhile, the addition of SZMF for CO2 desorption shows a promotional effect on its CO2 absorption performance, and SZMF presents an excellent cyclic stability. A possible mechanism is suggested for the SZM...

This study aims to study the freeze&ndash, thaw (F&ndash, T) resistance of asphalt mixture incorporating styrene&ndash, butadiene&ndash, styrene (SBS) polymer and basalt fiber by using the established complex master curves of the generalized Sigmoidal model. Asphalt mixture samples incorporating styrene&ndash, styrene (SBS) polymer and basalt fiber were manufactured following the Superpave gyratory compaction (SGC) method and coring as well as sawing. After 0&ndash, 21 F&ndash, T cycles processing, a complex modulus test asphalt mixture specimen was performed to evaluate the influence of the F&ndash, T cycle. Besides, according to the time&ndash, temperature superposition principle, the master curves of a complex modulus were constructed to reflect the dynamic mechanical response in an extended range of reduced frequency at an arbitrary temperature. The results indicated that the elastic and viscous portions of asphalt mixture incorporating SBS and basalt fiber have decreased overall. It could be observed from the dynamic modulus ratio that the dynamic modulus ratios of specimens were more affected by the F&ndash, T cycle at low frequency or high temperature. Thus, in the process of asphalt pavement design and maintenance, attention should be paid to seasonal frozen asphalt pavement under low frequency and high temperature.

In response to the current common disease of concrete leveling overlays of bridge pavement in China, the feasibility of using an economic SSPP-ECC with local waste superfine sand as an alternative material for a leveling overlay was proposed in this study. To evaluate the interface bonding property in the girder between the SSPP-ECC and concrete, a slant shear test and split tensile test were designed to study the interfacial shear and tensile properties of the ordinary concrete/ordinary concrete (OC/OC) and ordinary concrete/SSPP-ECC (OC/ECC), where the results showed that SSPP-ECC could significantly improve the interface shear stress and split tensile strength compared to ordinary concrete. Furthermore, the damage status of OC/ECC no longer involved fracturing along the interface; instead, each of the two substrates was partially destroyed, which revealed that OC/ECC had a high bonding effect. Moreover, a restrained shrinkage test was carried out to evaluate the shrinkage property of SSPP-ECC, where the result showed that the shrinkage strain of SSPP-ECC was slightly lower than concrete, where the average cracking time for SSPP-ECC was far longer than for ordinary concrete under the same ambient drying conditions; furthermore, the stress rate for SSPP-ECC revealed that it was a low-cracking-risk material. Meanwhile, the crack width of SSPP-ECC was only 0.1 mm after 35 d, which showed that SSPP-ECC had a more substantial crack width control capacity relative to concrete. The test results initially verified the feasibility and great potential of economic SSPP-ECC applied in a bridge pavement leveling overlay.

ZnO, Al2O3, and Zn-Al oxide prepared from hydrotalcite-like compound, were evaluated for the catalysis of carbonylation of 1,2-propylene glycol (PG) with urea to propylene carbonate (PC) under the reduced pressure of 40 kPa at 170 °C. Zn-Al oxide achieved highest yield of PC (96.6%) among three catalysts when 0.5 wt% of catalyst was used. It was found that ZnO and Al2O3 could be dissolved into the reactant to form Zn and Al complex during the reaction, but the dissolved amount of ZnO was much larger than Al2O3. The reaction was experienced three states of catalyst dissolution, homogeneous catalysis and catalyst re-depositing. The essential role of Zn was to produce Zn(NCO)2(NH3)2 which in fact catalyzed the (2- or 4-)hydroxypropyl carbamate cycling to PC. Although Al2O3 showed negligible catalytic activity for this reaction, the dissolved Al species (probably Al(NH3)(NCO)3) could delay the re-deposition of Zn complex and hence achieve high yield of PC on Zn-Al oxide. The re-deposited catalyst of ZnO and Zn-Al oxide contained counter anions of OH, CO3, and NCO. Some techniques were used for the characterizations of the spent catalysts.

A novel core–shell catalyst as [(Ni/MgAl2O4)@SiO2] was successfully prepared by three steps. First, the support was prepared, then 10 wt% Ni was loaded upon the support by the wetness incepting impregnation method; finally, the catalyst was coated with mesoporous silica. Two supports with different sizes were synthesized by homogeneous precipitation method and solution combustion method, respectively. Based on different supports, two series of catalysts with the characteristics of same components and different particle diameters were obtained. All catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, N2-physisorption and thermal gravimetric analyzer to measure the crystallinity, morphology, surface structure and carbon deposition. The results shown that core–shell catalysts [(Ni/MgAl2O4)@SiO2] had better coke-resistance and stability than the uncoated catalysts (Ni/MgAl2O4). Therefore, core–shell catalyst coated by silica exhibited better performance in dry reforming of methane.

This paper presents a method on free vibration analysis of a uniform continuous beam with an arbitrary number of cracks and spring-mass systems and a damage identification algorithm. Firstly, based on an equivalent model of a single-span beam obtained by using fictitious cracks or fictitious spring-mass systems, mode shape functions of a single-span uniform beam are derived according to fundamental solutions and recurrence formulas. Next, the motion equations and compatibility conditions of spring-mass system at intermediate supports are used to establish the characteristic equation of continuous beam with an arbitrary number of cracks and spring-mass systems. The order of determinant for the characteristic equation is lower, and that of m-spans continuous beam with an arbitrary number of cracks and T spring-mass systems is only $$3m+T-1$$ . Then, according to the formed free vibration analysis method, a damage identification algorithm for the uniform continuous beam with an arbitrary number of cracks and spring-mass systems is presented. This algorithm only utilizes the first-order mode to identify crack position and depth. Finally, the results of this paper are compared with those of the finite element method and other existing references to validate the proposed method. The effects of parameters for cracks and spring-mass systems on natural frequencies of continuous beams are studied. Inverse problem examples of a three-span cracked continuous beam carrying one spring-mass system are also discussed.

In carbonylation of ethylene glycol to ethylene carbonate with urea catalyzed by ZnO, which was considered as a heterogeneous catalyst. ZnO is observed to be dissolved in the reactants probably due to the formation of Zn(NCO) 2 (NH 3 ) 2 making the reaction homogeneously catalyzed. To our knowledge, it is firstly reported that the reaction experienced three states including ZnO dissolution, homogeneous catalysis, and precipitate formation. The precipitate was characterized to be a mixture containing Zn(OH) 2 , ZnCO 3 , and Zn(NCO) 2 with a ratio of 8.5:6.1:1. Possible mechanisms of ZnO dissolution and precipitation were proposed.

Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) plays an important role in innate and adaptive immunity against intracellular infections and is used clinically for the prevention and control of infections in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) and inborn defects in the IFN-γ/interleukin (IL)-12 axis. Using transcriptome profiling (RNA-seq), we sought to identify differentially expressed genes, transcripts and exons in Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B lymphocytes (B-EBV) cells from CGD patients, IFN-γ receptor deficiency patients, and normal controls, treated in vitro with IFN-γ for 48 hours. Our results show that IFN-γ increased the expression of a diverse array of genes related to different cellular programs. In cells from normal controls and CGD patients, IFN-γ-induced expression of genes relevant to oxidative killing, nitric oxide synthase pathway, proteasome-mediated degradation, antigen presentation, chemoattraction, and cell adhesion. IFN-γ also upregulated genes involved in diverse stages of messenger RNA (mRNA) processing including pre-mRNA splicing, as well as others implicated in the folding, transport, and assembly of proteins. In particular, differential exon expression of WARS (encoding tryptophanyl-transfer RNA synthetase, which has an essential function in protein synthesis) induced by IFN-γ in normal and CGD cells suggests that this gene may have an important contribution to the benefits of IFN-γ treatment for CGD. Upregulation of mRNA and protein processing related genes in CGD and IFNRD cells could mediate some of the effects of IFN-γ treatment. These data support the concept that IFN-γ treatment may contribute to increased immune responses against pathogens through regulation of genes important for mRNA and protein processing.

Engineered cementitious composite (ECC) with waste superfine river sand (WSRS) and polypropylene (PP) fiber is an economical and sustainable cement-based composite material (WSRSPP-ECC), which has the deformation hardening and multi-cracking characteristics, and affinity for engineering promotion. In this study, acoustic emission (AE) technology was used to monitor the flexural damage process of WSRSPP-ECC thin sheets with different deformability. Based on AE signal features, the damage development and accumulation of WSRSPP-ECC thin sheet under flexural load were analyzed. The results showed that AE signal parameters can capture and describe the transition of different damage stages of WSRSPP-ECC thin sheets. The b-value analysis further showed that the internal micro-cracks characteristics of WSRSPP-ECC thin sheets with various deformability were different in the flexural damage process, which was mainly related to the ability of fibers controlling stable cracking. In view of the smaller fluctuation of AE signals in the first two stages of flexural damage process, three modified indirect AE signal feature parameters including average energy, average waveform coefficient and average frequency were proposed. Then the quantitative relationship models between these three indirect AE signal parameters and flexural ductility as well as crack-controlling capacity of WSRSPP-ECC thin sheet were established. Moreover, through the economic analysis, it is corroborated that WSRSPP-ECC has the higher comprehensive cost performance, and it is a new economical cement-based material suitable for practical engineering application. The production of WSRSPP-ECC by replacing PVA fiber and silica sand with PP fiber and WSRS can not only save cost, and also keep the physical performances, which effectively solves the problems of river channel sedimentation and blocking.

The relationship between the urban population and urban construction land is an important indicator for assessing urbanization quality. With the rapid growth of urban population and the drastic expansion of urban construction land, human-land contradictions have become a major factor restricting the sustainable development of cities. This paper analyzes the coordination relationship between the urban population and urban construction land at the national, provincial and provincial-capital scales in China in recent years. The results show that the expansion rate of urban construction land in China is generally faster than the growth rate of the urban population, resulting in an overall discordant human-land relationship. Although the regional differences in the uncoordinated allocation of urban population and urban expansion gradually narrowed from 2010–2017, there was still mismatch among provinces. The relationship between the urban population and urban construction land trends was mainly coordinated at the provincial scale and uncoordinated at the provincial capital scale. By combining the coordination degrees at the provincial and provincial-capital scales, we identify six combined development types and analyze the combined characteristics of urban population growth and urban construction land expansion. It is necessary to formulate differentiated policies to guide urban population development and urban construction land use at different scales. These findings provide a theoretical basis for alleviating the human-land contradiction and achieving sustainable urban development.

Basalt fiber has been proved to be a good modified material for asphalt mixture. The performance of basalt fiber modified asphalt mixture has been widely investigated by extensive researches. However, most studies focused on ordinary static load tests, and less attention was paid to the dynamic mechanical response of asphalt mixture incorporating with basalt fiber. This paper aims to establish the master curve of complex modulus of asphalt mixture incorporating of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) polymer and basalt fiber using the generalized Sigmoidal model. Both loading frequency and temperature were investigated for dynamic mechanical response of asphalt mixture with basalt fiber. In addition, based on the time-temperature superposition principle, the master curves of complex modulus were constructed to reflect the dynamic mechanical response at an extended reduced frequency range at an arbitrary temperature. Results indicated that the generalized Sigmoidal model in this paper could better reflect the dynamic mechanical response accurately with correlation coefficients above 0.97, which is utilized to predict the dynamic mechanical performances accurately. Simultaneously, the modulus values exhibit an increasing trend with loading frequency and decrease versus temperature. However, the phase angle values showed different trends with frequency and temperature.

The research of the personalized recommendation system mostly concentrates on how to express, compute and update the interests of users. This article provides the research of personalizing recommendations based on personalized recommendation cases. The case base is the key to Case-Based Reasoning (CBR). To a large extent, the ability of case base to capture and reflect the interests of users determines the degree of personalization of recommendation results from a system. This paper puts forward a construction scheme for a case base of the personalized recommendation system based on CBR. The paper also analyzes the composition and design idea of the case base. It has built a personalized recommendation user case base, a similar user case base, a pattern case base and a knowledge base, which provides rich data for case-based reasoning. Results of the system’s design show that the recommendation case base and data source construction have great significance in the quality of the personalization of the system’s recommendation results.

A 10 kA/360 m warm-dielectric high-temperature superconducting direct current (DC) power cable system (10 kA cable), supported jointly the Chinese government and industrial enterprise, was developed and has been operating as a branch circuit to transmit power for a 320 kA aluminum electrolyzing production line for more than 10 months at an industrial plant in central China. Both the 10 kA cable and its supporting system of the cable system are introduced. The cryogenic system for the 10 kA cable adopts closed loop and the sub-cooled liquid nitrogen is forced to flow inside by a pump. The design of corrugated cryogenic envelope pipe is modularized and every independent module has two standardized joints, which makes it easy to integrate with the other pipes and the terminations. The heat loss sources and the structure including both the termination and the cryogenic envelope pipe of the 10 kA cable are discussed. The total heat loss of the 10 kA cable excluding the loss of cryogenic pipe for liquid nitrogen backward flowing is designed to be less than 1698 W at 10 kA, and the heat loss was compared and discussed with that of the aluminum bar. The field test and commissioning of the cable show that the 10 kA cable performs steadily and its heat loss is less than the expected value.

A rapid and simple approach to fabricate large-area surface-enhanced Raman scattering-active (SERS-active) substrates is reported. The substrates are fabricated by using femtosecond laser (fs-laser) direct writing on Silicon wafers, followed by thin-film coating of metal such as gold. The substrates are demonstrated to exhibit signal homogeneity and good enhancement ability for SERS. The maximum enhancement factor (EF) up to 3×107 of such SERS substrates for rhodamine 6G (R6G) at 785 nm excitation wavelength was measured. This technique could demonstrate a functional microchip with SERS capability of signal homogeneity, high sensitivity and chemical stability.

Magnesium diboride shows a wide application prospect in the field of low field DC application for its relatively simple structure and rather higher critical temperature than LTS. With the development of composite superconductor manufacturing technology and cryogenic technology, developing conduction cooled superconducting MRI system with composite superconductor is becoming increasingly feasible. An superconducting magnet for MRI was developed. The superconducting magnet is used to investigate the fundamental scientific problem of the MRI main magnet, including field uniformity and stability, influencing factors of composite superconductor on field uniformity and stability. The superconducting magnet consists of 2 solenoids wound with wire with the length of 60 m. The magnet has an outer diameter of 169 mm, an iron core diameter of 135 mm, and air gap of 32 mm. The superconducting magnet is fabricated and tested. The central magnetic field reaches 1.0 T when the current of the magnet is 290 A. The central magnetic field is 0.39 T when the current of the magnet is 100 A. In this paper, main magnet for MRI with composite superconductor is analysed and proposed, including magnet design, test results, and field uniformity.

Tungsten-containing hexagonal mesoporous silica (W-HMS) supported tungsten oxide catalysts (WO x /W-HMS) was prepared for the selective oxidation of cyclopentene with aqueous hydrogen peroxide to glutaraldehyde. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated that the crystal form of the active phase (tungsten oxide) of the WO x /W-HMS catalysts was dependent on the W loading and calcination temperature. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed that the dispersed tungsten oxides on the surface of W-HMS support consisted of a mixture of W(V) and W(VI). It was found that a high content of amorphous W species in (5+) oxidation state resulted in the high catalytic activity. When the W loading was up to 12% (by mass) or the catalyst precursor was treated at temperature of 623 K, the catalytic activity decreased due to the presence of WO 3 crystallites and the oxidation of W(V) to W(VI) on the catalyst surface. Furthermore, NH 3 -temperature-programmed-desorption (NH 3 -TPD) analysis showed that the effects of W loading and calcination temperature on the acidity of the catalysts were related to the catalytic activity. A high selectivity of 80.2% for glutaraldehyde with a complete conversion of cyclopentene was obtained over 8%WO x /W-HMS catalyst calcined at 573 K after 14 h of reaction.

Dicer, an enzyme involved in microRNA (miRNA) maturation, is required for proper cell differentiation and embryogenesis in mammals. Recent evidence indicates that Dicer and miRNA may also regulate tumorigenesis. To better characterize the role of miRNA in primary cell growth, we generated Dicer-conditional mice. Ablation of Dicer and loss of mature miRNAs in embryonic fibroblasts up-regulated p19Arf and p53 levels, inhibited cell proliferation, and induced a premature senescence phenotype that was also observed in vivo after Dicer ablation in the developing limb and in adult skin. Furthermore, deletion of the Ink4a/Arf or p53 locus could rescue fibroblasts from premature senescence induced by Dicer ablation. Although levels of Ras and Myc oncoproteins appeared unaltered, loss of Dicer resulted in increased DNA damage and p53 activity in these cells. These results reveal that loss of miRNA biogenesis activates a DNA damage checkpoint, up-regulates p19Arf-p53 signaling, and induces senescence in primary cells.

The Wnt-beta-catenin signaling pathway has been shown to govern T cell development by regulating the growth and survival of progenitor T cells and immature thymocytes. We explore the role of noncanonical, Wnt-Ca(2+) signaling in fetal T cell development by analyzing mice deficient for Wnt5a. Our findings reveal that Wnt5a produced in the thymic stromal epithelium does not alter the development of progenitor thymocytes, but regulates the survival of alphabeta lineage thymocytes. Loss of Wnt5a down-regulates Bax expression, promotes Bcl-2 expression, and inhibits apoptosis of CD4(+)CD8(+) thymocytes, whereas exogenous Wnt5a increases apoptosis of fetal thymocytes in culture. Furthermore, Wnt5a overexpression increases apoptosis in T cells in vitro and increases protein kinase C (PKC) and calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CamKII) activity while inhibiting beta-catenin expression and activity. Conversely, Wnt5a deficiency results in the inhibition of PKC activation, decreased CamKII activity, and elevation of beta-catenin amounts in thymocytes. These results indicate that Wnt5a induction of the noncanonical Wnt-Ca(2+) pathway alters canonical Wnt signaling and is critical for normal T cell development.

The high yield of 81% for the heterogeneous catalytic oxidation of cyclopentene with 50% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solutions to glutaraldehyde over WO3/Ti–HMS catalyst was obtained. Based on characterizations such as: X-ray diffraction, surface area determination and potentiometric titration measurements, the activity and selectivity of WO3/Ti–HMS catalyst were effectively attributed to a high amorphous WO3 loading, as well as an appropriate structure of Ti–HMS support.

ING proteins have been proposed to alter chromatin structure and gene transcription to regulate numerous aspects of cell physiology, including cell growth, senescence, stress response, apoptosis, and transformation. ING1, the founding member of the inhibitor of growth family, encodes p37Ing1, a plant homeodomain (PHD) protein that interacts with the p53 tumor suppressor protein and seems to be a critical cofactor in p53-mediated regulation of cell growth and apoptosis. In this study, we have generated and analyzed p37Ing1-deficient mice and primary cells to further explore the role of Ing1 in the regulation of cell growth and p53 activity. The results show that endogenous levels of p37Ing1 inhibit the proliferation of p53-wild-type and p53-deficient fibroblasts, and that p53 functions are unperturbed in p37Ing1-deficient cells. In addition, loss of p37Ing1 induces Bax expression and increases DNA damage–induced apoptosis in primary cells and mice irrespective of p53 status. Finally, p37Ing1 suppresses the formation of spontaneous follicular B-cell lymphomas in mice. These results indicate that p53 does not require p37Ing1 to negatively regulate cell growth and offers genetic proof that Ing1 suppresses cell growth and tumorigenesis. Furthermore, these data reveal that p37Ing1 can negatively regulate cell growth and apoptosis in a p53-independent manner. [Cancer Res 2007;67(5):2054–61]