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Growing evidence proves that amino acid restriction can reverse obesity by reducing adipose tissue mass. Amino acids are not only the building blocks of proteins but also serve as signaling molecules in multiple biological pathways. The study of adipocytes’ response to amino acid level changes is crucial. It has been reported that a low concentration of lysine suppresses lipid accumulation and transcription of several adipogenic genes in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. However, the detailed lysine-deprivation-induced cellular transcriptomic changes and the altered pathways have yet to be fully studied. Here, using 3T3-L1 cells, we performed RNA sequencing on undifferentiated and differentiated cells, and differentiated cells under a lysine-free environment, and the data were subjected to KEGG enrichment. We found that the differentiation process of 3T3-L1 cells to adipocytes required the large-scale upregulation of metabolic pathways, mainly on the mitochondrial TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and downregulation of the lysosomal pathway. Single amino acid lysine depletion suppressed differentiation dose dependently. It disrupted the metabolism of cellular amino acids, which could be partially reflected in the changes in amino acid levels in the culture medium. It inhibited the mitochondria respiratory chain and upregulated the lysosomal pathway, which are essential for adipocyte differentiation. We also noticed that cellular interleukin 6 (IL6) expression and medium IL6 level were dramatically increased, which was one of the targets for suppressing adipogenesis induced by lysine depletion. Moreover, we showed that the depletion of some essential amino acids such as methionine and cystine could induce similar phenomena. This suggests that individual amino acid deprivation may share some common pathways. This descriptive study dissects the pathways for adipogenesis and how the cellular transcriptome was altered under lysine depletion.

Background To investigate the clinical value of radiomics based on non-enhanced head CT in the prediction of hemorrhage transformation in acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Materials and methods The radiomic features of infarcted areas on non-enhanced CT images were extracted using ITK-SNAP. The Max-Relevance and Min-Redundancy (mRMR) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to select features. The radiomics signature was then constructed by multiple logistic regression. The clinicoradiomics nomogram was constructed by combining radiomics signature and clinical characteristics. All predictive models were constructed in the training group, and these were verified in the validation group. All models were evaluated with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).Results The radiomics signature was constructed by 10 radiomics features. The clinicoradiomics nomogram was constructed by combining radiomics signature and atrial fibrillation. The area under the ROC curve (AUCs) of the clinical model, radiomics signature, and clinicoradiomics nomogram for predicting hemorrhagic transformation in the training group were 0.64, 0.86, and 0.86, respectively. The AUCs of the clinical model, radiomics signature, and clinicoradiomics nomogram for predicting hemorrhagic transformation in the validation group were 0.63, 0.90, and 0.90, respectively. DCA curves showed that the radiomics signature performed well as well as the clinicoradiomics nomogram. DCA curve showed the clinical application value of radiomics signature is similar to that of clinicoradiomics nomogram.Conclusion Radiomics signature which was constructed without clinical characteristics can independently predict the hemorrhagic transformation of AIS well.

This paper presents a soil-water retention curve (SWRC) model for fine-grained soils. Compared with existing studies, the proposed model accounts for the distinct roles of the volume change of soils on capillarity and adsorption mechanisms. The capillary water is described by a relation that includes the characteristics of the pore-size distributions as parameters, while the absorbed water is modeled by a novel proposition that both considers the phenomenon of capillary condensation and allows for the decoupling between the degree of capillary and adsorptive saturation. Based on this feature, the void ratio effects are considered in a way in which they only affect capillary water, i.e., consistent with how volume change influences soil microstructures. The relative contributions of void ratio effects and hydraulic hysteresis on the path- and history-dependence of a SWRC in Sr–s–e space, where Sr is degree of saturation, s is matric suction, e is void ratio, for deformable unsaturated soils are examined. The significance of discriminating the effects of volume change on capillary and adsorptive water is illustrated by applying the SWRC model to computing the shear strength of unsaturated soils with different void ratios. The model performance is assessed by comparing against test data reported for four types of fine-grained soils in the literature and those tested for natural loess in this work.

Backgrounds Intolerable toxicity and unsatisfactory therapeutic effects are still big problems retarding the use of chemotherapy against cancer. Nano-drug delivery system promised a lot in increasing the patients’ compliance and therapeutic efficacy. As a unique nano-carrier, supermolecular aggregation nanovehicle has attracted increasing interests due to the following advantages: announcing drug loading efficacy, pronouncing in vivo performance and simplified production process. Methods In this study, the supermolecular aggregation nanovehicle of bortezomib (BTZ) was prepared to treat breast cancer. Results Although many supermolecular nanovehicles are inclined to disintegrate due to the weak intermolecular interactions among the components, the BTZ supermolecules are satisfying stable. To shed light on the reasons behind this, the forces driving the formation of the nanovehicles were detailed investigated. In other words, the interactions among BTZ and other two components were studied to characterize the nanovehicles and ensure its stability. Conclusions Due to the promising tumor targeting ability of the BTZ nanovehicles, the supermolecule displayed promising tumor curing effects and negligible systemic toxicity.

Backgrounds Surgical resection and adjunct chemotherapy or radio-therapy has been applied for the therapy of superficial malignant tumor in clinics. Whereas, there are still some problems limit its clinical use, such as severe pains and side effect. Thus, it is urgent need to develop effective, minimally invasive and low toxicity therapy stagey for superficial malignant tumor. Topical drug administration such as microneedle patches shows the advantages of reduced systemic toxicity and nimble application and, as a result, a great potential to treat superficial tumors. Methods In this study, microneedle (MN) patches were fabricated to deliver photosensitizer IR820 and chemotherapy agent cisplatin (CDDP) for synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy against breast cancer. Results The MN could be completely inserted into the skin and the compounds carrying tips could be embedded within the target issue for locoregional cancer treatment. The photodynamic therapeutic effects can be precisely controlled and switched on and off on demand simply by adjusting laser. The used base material vinylpyrrolidone—vinyl acetate copolymer (PVPVA) is soluble in both ethanol and water, facilitating the load of both water-soluble and water-insoluble drugs. Conclusions Thus, the developed MN patch offers an effective, user-friendly, controllable and low-toxicity option for patients requiring long-term and repeated cancer treatments.

Background The incidence of brucellosis, which is caused by the Brucella species of bacteria, is rapidly rising worldwide; however, few studies have investigated the immune response to this pathogen and clinical biochemical features. In this paper, we examined the levels of various cytokines and inflammatory factors as well as clinical course characteristics in patients with brucellosis, in order to provide evidence for the diagnosis, assessment, and prognosis of this infectious disease. Methods A total of 191 brucellosis inpatients (50 acute cases and 141 chronic cases), as well as 60 healthy control subjects, were included in the analysis. We investigated changes in the levels of six cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, INF-γ) and related clinical biochemical markers in patients with acute and chronic brucellosis in Xinjiang, China. Possible factors were statistically analyzed using the t test, χ2 test, z test and a multivariate logistic stepwise regression test. Results We found that IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ, and TNF-α levels were higher in those with brucellosis than in controls (P P Conclusions Assessing cytokine levels in patients with acute and chronic brucellosis is not only useful for detecting the immune response, but can also be indicative of the severity of brucellosis. In particular, we propose IL-6 and INF-γ levels may be useful independent predictive factors in the clinical evaluation and diagnosis of brucellosis.

Aggregates are the principal materials of railway ballast, which for the most part contain huge, angular particles with a normal size of roughly 40 mm. Well-designed ballast is attractive to resist the pressures from the sleeper and after that to pass a satisfactory pressure level at the top surface of the subgrade soil. Though the functions of ballast by and large break down when subjected to Repeated traffic loading and in the end come into non-shakedown, (for the sample, ratcheting or incremental failure) reactions. In this work, a progression of expansive scale cyclic triaxial Experiments on aggregate did distinguish diverse cyclic degradation reactions. The permanent axial and volumetric strains are seen under various cyclic stress ratios. Three distinct cyclic reactions, shakedown, cyclic creep and incremental failure, are found. Shakedown happens at a moderately low cyclic stress ratio, under which the IPC (increase per cycle) of fixed axial strain and the IPC (area of hysteretic loop per cycle) of energy, dissipation will, in general, become negligible in the wake of cycling, and the fixed volumetric strains show compacting. Incremental failure happens at a generally high cyclic stress ratio, under which the IPCs of axial strain and energy dissipation increment after a set number of cycles, and the fixed volumetric strains show dilatancy. For cyclic creep, the IPCs of axial and volumetric strain and energy dissipation become about constant after an extensive number of cycles.

Spinal neurosyphilis manifesting as a solitary syphilitic gumma is exceedingly rare. There are non-specific imaging findings and challenges in the diagnosis of spinal syphilitic gumma, which could be easily misdiagnosed as tumor lesions and require surgical resection or biopsy.We report the case of a 45-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with Spinal syphilitic gumma. Our case is the first reported case of spinal cord syphilitic gumma with intradural-extramedullary and intramedullary involvement.Spinal syphilitic gumma exhibits diverse clinical manifestations, lacks specific imaging features, accompanied by the patient's history deliberately concealed. Since clinicians do not have sufficient knowledge about such rare cases, misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis will be likely. When there is clinical suspicion for spinal syphilitic gumma, clinicians should pay close attention to relevant medical history, carry out a comprehensive physical examination and specific serological tests and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. In summary, in cases with stable neurologic conditions, a trial administration of intravenous penicillin with follow-up imaging may be the optimal treatment option, and in cases with rapid progression or acute exacerbation, a surgical resection together with systemic antibiotic treatment for syphilis after surgery may be the best treatment strategy.

Sulforaphane is a common antioxidant selectively abundant in cruciferous plants, which exhibits effective anti-cancer actions in control of tumorigenesis or progression of various cancers. A recent study has shown that sulforaphane attenuates the EGFR signaling pathway in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), suggesting its potential anti-metastatic effects. In this study we assessed the involvement of sulforaphane and miR-616-5p in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and NSCLC metastasis. Sulforaphane suppressed the cell proliferation in human NSCLC cell lines H1299, 95C and 95D with IC50 values of 9.52±1.23, 9.04±1.90 and 17.35±2.03 μmol/L, respectively. At low concentrations (1–5 μmol/L), sulforaphane dose-dependently inhibited the migration and invasion of 95D and H1299 cells with relatively high metastatic potential. The anti-metastatic action of sulforaphane was confirmed in 95D and H1299 cell xenografts in vivo. In fresh NSCLC tissue samples from 179 patients, miR-616-5p levels were upregulated in late-stage NSCLCs, and strongly correlated with risk of NSCLC recurrence and metastasis. Consistent with the clinic observation, miR-616-5p levels in the 3 NSCLC cell lines were correlated with their metastatic ability, and were decreased by sulforaphane treatment. Silencing miR-616-5p markedly suppressed the migration and invasion of 95D cells in vitro and NSCLC metastasis in vivo. Further studies revealed that miR-616-5p directly targeted GSK3β and decreased its expression, whereas sulforaphane decreased miR-616-5p levels by histone modification, and followed by inactivation of the GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway and inhibition of EMT, which was characterized by loss of epithelial markers and acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype in NSCLC cells. Our findings suggest that sulforaphane is a potential adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent for the prevention of NSCLC recurrence and metastasis, and miR-616-5p can be clinically utilized as a biomarker or therapeutic target to inhibit metastasis.

Background and aim: Developing fast-acting antidepressants attracts considerable attention. Anemoside A3, a natural triterpenoid glycoside isolated from Pulsatillae Radix, has been reported to produce antidepressant-like action in the forced swim test. We herein explore the fast-onset antidepressant-like potentials and antidepressant mechanisms of anemoside A3. Methods: The forced swim test and tail suspension test were used to determine the acute antidepressant-like action of anemoside A3. This action of anemoside A3 was confirmed in chronic mild stress and chronic social defeat stress models. In vitro extracellular field potential recordings were conducted to investigate the impact of anemoside A3 on chronic stress-induced alterations at temporoammonic-CA1 synapses. Western blot, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, and microinjections of α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate receptor antagonists into the stratum lacunosum-moleculare were performed to unravel the contribution of stratum lacunosum-moleculare α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate receptors to anemoside A3’s antidepressant-like activity. In vivo microdialysis and pharmacological depletion of serotonin were implemented to examine the role of the serotonin system in the antidepressant-like effect of anemoside A3. Results: Anemoside A3 administered intraperitoneally displayed acute antidepressant-like effects in the mouse forced swim test and tail suspension test and anemoside A3 treatment (intraperitoneally) for five days was sufficient to reverse depression-related behaviors of mice subjected to chronic stress. Accordingly, chronic social defeat stress-induced weakening of α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate receptor-mediated neurotransmission in the temporoammonic-CA1 pathway and downregulation of synaptic GluA2-lacking α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate receptor expression in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare could both be normalized by five days of anemoside A3 treatment (intraperitoneally). Moreover, intra-stratum lacunosum-moleculare infusion of GluA2-lacking α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate receptor antagonist abolished anemoside A3’s antidepressant-like effect. Lastly, serotonin system was not implicated in anemoside A3’s antidepressant-like effect. Conclusions: Our results suggest that anemoside A3 induces a rapid antidepressant-like response by a stratum lacunosum-moleculare GluA2-lacking α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate receptor-dependent mechanism. In view of this, anemoside A3 represents a promising agent for depression treatment.

To explore the factors influencing the sexual function of the male patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Using Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), we conducted a questionnaire investigation among 81 male patients with OSA aged 40.5 ± 8.6 years and 35 healthy volunteers aged 38.8 ± 10 years. According to the sex drive (SD) score in ASEX, we divided the OSA patients into an SD reduction group (SD score = 4, n = 32) and a non-SD reduction group (SD score4, n = 49), compared the clinical data and polysomnographic (PSG) indexes, and analyzed the factors influencing SD by evaluating the association of the PSG indexes with the SD score.The OSA patients scored significantly higher than the healthy controls in ESS (8 ± 5 vs 5 ± 4, P0.05) and ASEX (15 ± 4 vs 10 ± 2, P0.05), and so did the patients of the SD reduction group than those of the non-SD reduction group in ESS (9 ± 5 vs 6 ± 5, P0.05) and saturation impair time below 90% (SIT90) (41.01 ± 26.95 vs 21.87 ± 19.03, P0.05). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the SD score was significantly correlated with age (β = 0.25, P0.001) and SIT90 (β = 0.4, P0.001) in the OSA patients.OSA affects various aspects of the sexual function, particularly SD, of the patient. The duration of hypoxia and age of the patient are independent risk factors for SD reduction, which can be considered as a main clinical symptom of OSA.目的： 探讨男性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者性功能改变的研究方法及影响因素。方法： 对81例男性OSA患者，年龄(40.5±8.6)岁与35例健康志愿者,年龄(38.8±10)岁,采用亚利桑那性体验量表（ASEX）与Epworth嗜睡量表（ESS）问卷调查。以ASEX性驱动力项目评分 4分归为性驱动力下降组［n=32，年龄(41.97±8.88)岁］，评分4归为非性驱动力下降组［n=49，年龄(39.49±8.29)岁］，比较患者一般特征与PSG数据。将性驱动力评分与PSG数据做多元线性回归，评价影响性冲动能力因素。结果： OSA组患者ESS评分［（8±5） vs (5±4)，P0.05）］、ASEX评分［（10±2） vs (15±4)，P0.05）］均显著高于对照组；OSA患者中性驱动力下降组ESS评分［（9±5） vs (6±5)，P0.05）］、血氧饱和度低于90%时间(SIT90）［（41.01±26.95 ）vs (21.87±19.03)，P0.05）］显著高于非性驱动力下降组。多元回归分析显示年龄（β=0.25，P0.001）、SIT90（β=0.4，P0.001）影响OSA患者性冲动力评分。结论： OSA影响男性性功能的各个方面，其中以性驱动力下降最突出；夜间缺氧时间及年龄是OSA患者性驱动力下降的独立危险因素；性驱动力下降可视为OSA的一种主要临床症状。.

In order to study the effect of tillage method, sowing date and plant density on population physiological index and morphological trait on maize, a split-plot experiment was carried out. Main plot was tillage method with two levels (conventional tillage vs. deep loosing tillage). The subplots were planting date (25th April, 10th May and 25th May) and density (45 000 plants ha-1, 67 500 plant ha-1, 90 000 plant ha-1). Results showed that deep loosing could retard the decrease of leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR) and dry matter accumulation (DM). Moreover, it was benefit for growth and development after florescence. Significant difference in planting date treatments demonstrated that early sowing was better than medium and late sowing. During reproductive stage, delay in planting decreased the LAI by 12.52%. With density increased, population physiological index raised.

A general coupled nonlinear Schrodinger system with the self-phase modulation, cross-phase modulation and four-wave mixing terms is investigated. The system is still integrable with the variable coefficients. Through the Hirota bilinear method, one- and two-soliton solutions are derived via symbolic computation. With the asymptotic analysis, it is found that the two-soliton solutions admit the inelastic and elastic collisions depending on the choice of solitonic parameters. A new inelastic collision phenomenon occurring in this system is that both the amplitudes of two components of each soliton get suppressed or enhanced after the collision, which might provide us with a different approach of signal amplification.

To explore the effects and mechanism of Xiangsha Liujunzi decoction on TLR signal pathway in gastric mucosa tissues of rats with Helicobacter pylori-related gastritis, sixty SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, high concentration of Xiangsha Liujunzi decoction group, moderate concentration of Xiangsha Liujunzi decoction group, low concentrations of Xiangsha Liujunzi decoction group and SB203580-treated group, with 10 rats in each group. SD rats of Hp-associated chronic atrophic gastritis models were established by intragastric gavage of Helicobacter pylori (HP) suspension. Changes in the gastric mucosa of rats were assessed by histopathology. ELISA was applied to detect the expressions of TNF-α and IL-6 in the serum, and the activity of iNOS in gastric mucosa. The content of NO in the gastric mucosa was tested by nitrate reductive enzymatic. The expressions of TLR2, TLR4, P38MAPK, NF-κB were detected by QPCR and Western-blot. The results indicated that the clinical symptoms of rats and pathological changes of gastric mucosa were improved in Xiangsha Liujunzi decoction group. Compared with normal control group, the protein expressions of TLR2, TLR4, p-P38MAPK and NF-κB in gastric mucosa of model group rats increased (P

Under investigation in this paper is a variable-coefficient coupled Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) system, which is associated with the studies on atomic matter waves. Through the Painlev´e analysis, we obtain the constraint on the variable coefficients, under which the system is integrable. The bilinear form and multi-soliton solutions are derived with the Hirota bilinear method and symbolic computation. We found that: (i) in the elastic collisions, an external potential can change the propagation of the soliton, and thus the density of the matter wave in the two-species Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC); (ii) in the shape-changing collision, the solitons can exchange energy among different species, leading to the change of soliton amplitudes.We also present the collisions among three solitons of atomic matter waves.

Worldwide influenza caused by influenza virus is a respiratory disease which threats the public health by seasonal epidemics or global influenza outbreak. Vaccines and drugs are current therapies, but there are many restricted factors such as neurotoxicity, side effects of gastrointestinal, and drug resistance. New technologies, particularly RNAi mediated by small RNAs, has become a potential and robust method in influenza antiviral research for its high efficiency, specific, and speedy. Following the spread and epidemic of the influenza virus, application of small RNAs into influenza antiviral research has been reported increasingly. The small RNAs, PA-2087, NP-1496, and M-950, which targets PA, NP, and M2 genes, respectively, are the most effective anti-influenza siRNAs up to now. siRNA of targeting conservative region of different influenza viral genes has broader effect on virus inhibition. The combination of siRNAs of targeting different genes can achieve better virus inhibition. In this review, we mainly described the progress of siRNAs and miRNAs for anti-influenza virus, and the prospects and hurdles of influenza RNAi therapy as well.

With symbolic computation, under investigation in this paper is the perturbed Korteweg–de Vries equation for the nonlocal solitary waves and arrays of wave crests. Via the Hirota method, the bilinear form, Backlund transformation and superposition formulae are obtained. N-soliton solutions in terms of the Wronskian are constructed. Asymptotic analysis is used to analyze the collision dynamics, and figures are plotted to illustrate the influence of the perturbation. We find that the perturbation affects the propagation velocities of the solitons, but does not affect the amplitudes and widths of the solitons. Besides, the solitonic collisions turn out to be elastic.

Under investigation in this paper are the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations (CNLSEs) and coupled Burgers-type equations (CBEs), which are, respectively, a model for certain birefringent optical fibers Raman-scattering, Kerr and gain/loss effects, and a generalized model in fluid dynamics. Special attention should be paid to the existing claim that the solitons for the CNLSEs do not exist. Through certain dependent-variable transformations, the CNLSEs are reduced to a Manakov system and the CBEs are linearized. In that way, some new solutions of the CNLSEs and CBEs are obtained via symbolic computation. Especially the one-dark-soliton-like solutions for the CNLSEs have been found, against the existing claim.

Objective To establish the norm of Chinese Military Mental Disorders Predictive Scale(MMDPS),and provide a reference for research on the Chinese military medical psychology.Methods About 11,017 military personnel were selected by random cluster sampling,and tested with MMDPS.A statistical analysis based on the results was performed.Results The total norm of the scale was 13.57±11.54.A statistical significance was found by comparing the total scores of the army,navy,and the air force with the partial factor scores(P < 0.05).The differences obtained through comparing the total score of cadres and soldiers with the partial factor scores(P < 0.05) were also statistically significant.The total norm of mental disorders predictive scale for Chinese soldiers,services and arms norm,and cadres and soldiers norm was found.Conclusion Using the Military Mental Disorders Prediction Scale,the total norm of mental disorders predictive scale for Chinese soldiers and cadres was determined.

Worldwide influenza caused by influenza virus is a respiratory disease which threats the public health by seasonal epidemics or global influenza outbreak. Vaccines and drugs are current therapies, but there are many restricted factors such as neurotoxicity, side effects of gastrointestinal, and drug resistance. New technologies, particularly RNAi mediated by small RNAs, has become a potential and robust method in influenza antiviral research for its high efficiency, specific, and speedy. Following the spread and epidemic of the influenza virus, application of small RNAs into influenza antiviral research has been reported increasingly. The small RNAs, PA-2087, NP-1496, and M-950, which targets PA, NP, and M2 genes, respectively, are the most effective anti-influenza siRNAs up to now. siRNA of targeting conservative region of different influenza viral genes has broader effect on virus inhibition. The combination of siRNAs of targeting different genes can achieve better virus inhibition. In this review, we mainly described the progress of siRNAs and miRNAs for anti-influenza virus, and the prospects and hurdles of influenza RNAi therapy as well.

Information of metabolic enzymes and transporters, physiological parameters of animals and demography of Chinese people were integrated to establish a digital liver model (DLM) based on metabolism and transporter and coded with VBA. Clearance and drug-drug interaction (DDI) of candidate drugs in animal and human could be predicted based on the pharmacokinetic data obtained from in vitro and in vivo experiments. Pravastatin and pitavastatin were selected as the samples to examine this model, where their clearance and their DDI with cyclosporine were predicted. The results showed that the predicted values of median parameters in same species were within twofold of observed values for 83.3% (5/6). The program's successful prediction in DDI tendency might indicate its application in optimizing the dosage regimen and reducing the risk of clinical trial.

To explore CD34(+) antigen expression in new diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and analyze the prognosis for CD34(+) AML patients, the expression of antigen CD34 in 238 AML patients was detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay. The results showed that CD34 in 92 out of the 238 patients (38.7%) were positive, there was relationship between the CD34(+) expression and FAB subtypes (M(0), M(1)), and no CD34(+) expression was observed in M(3) subtypes. The complete remission rate of CD34(+) AML patients was 32%, which was lower than that of CD34(-) AML (61%). The lymphoid-associated antigen (CD7) was significantly increased in CD34(+) AML patients, compared with CD34(-) patients (P0.05). It is concluded that CD34(+) AML patients show poor prognosis and lower CR rate. The detection of CD34 expression is of some value in predicting prognosis in AML.

In this paper, we consider a generalized Hirota–Maxwell–Bloch system with the higher-order dispersion and self-steepening effects, which describes the propagation of ultrashort optical pulse in the inhomogeneous erbium-doped fiber. Under certain coefficient constraints, N-soliton solutions are obtained through the Hirota method and symbolic computation. Soliton interactions are graphically presented and analyzed in the different fibers. Compared with the Hirota equation without the Maxwell–Bloch parts, the self-induced transparency effect caused by the doped erbium atoms is found to lead to the change of the soliton velocity and phase. In addition, the amplitudes and widths of solitons are respectively observed to decrease and increase in the dispersion-decreasing and dispersion-increasing fibers. Finally, we give the modulational instability condition through the linear stability analysis.

Symbolically investigated in this paper is the extended Lotka–Volterra (ELV) equation, which can govern the kinetics of the discrete peaks of the weak Langmuir turbulence in plasmas without the linear damping and random noise. Binary Bell polynomials are applied to the bilinearization of the discrete system. Bilinear Backlund transformation of the ELV equation is constructed. N-soliton solution in terms of the extended Casorati determinant is also presented and verified. Propagation and interaction behaviors of the Langmuir turbulence are analyzed. It is demonstrated that the number of the interacting Langmuir waves can influence the soliton velocity and amplitude as well as the collision phase shift. Graphic illustrations of the solitonic collisions show that the repulsion effects and nonlinear interactions are also associated with the number of the interacting Langmuir waves.