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Switchable radiative cooling based on the phase-change material vanadium dioxide (VO2) automatically modulates thermal emission in response to varying ambient temperature. However, it is still challenging to achieve constant indoor temperature control solely using a VO2-based radiative cooling system, especially at low ambient temperatures. Here, we propose a reverse-switching VO2-based radiative cooling system, assisting indoor air conditioning to obtain precise indoor temperature control. Unlike previous VO2-based radiative cooling systems, the reverse VO2-based radiative cooler turns on radiative cooling at low ambient temperatures and turns off radiative cooling at high ambient temperatures, thereby synchronizing its cooling modes with the heating and cooling cycles of the indoor air conditioning during the actual process of precise temperature control. Calculations demonstrate that our proposed VO2-based radiative cooling system significantly reduces the energy consumption by nearly 30 % for heating and cooling by indoor air conditioning while maintaining a constant indoor temperature, even surpassing the performance of an ideal radiative cooler. This work advances the intelligent thermal regulation of radiative cooling in conjunction with the traditional air conditioning technology.

At present, the amount of information on power grid operation and maintenance monitoring image data is increasing, and the requirements for data compression are higher and higher. Based on the improved SPIHT image compression algorithm, this study presents the research of power grid data compression. First, the basic theory of image compression, and the principle of one-dimensional wavelet transform and two-dimensional wavelet transform are introduced. The development process, characteristics, and advantages of image coding are discussed. Then, the shortcomings of the SPIHT algorithm are analyzed, and the SPIHT coding is improved by parallel computation. The parallel wavelet transform algorithm based on the block idea and the parallel SPIHT coding algorithm based on the code tree are proposed in the data parallelism of the compression algorithm. At the same time, the data dependence between tasks in the process of SPIHT image compression coding is analyzed, and the task parallelism in the compression algorithm is realized by using the relative independence of tasks in different threshold coding. Finally, the application and simulation analysis of power grid data based on the SPIHT compression algorithm, the construction of power grid data model simulation, and the composition of two-dimensional power grid data images are carried out. Secondly, the obtained 2D power grid data image is compressed by the SPIHT algorithm and improved SPIHT algorithm, respectively, and the compression effect of the two algorithms on the power grid data image is compared. When the bit rate is 0.5, the compression effect of the improved SPIHT algorithm is 13.6506. When the bit rate is 1, the compression effect of the improved SPIHT algorithm is 18.9287. The results show that the improved SPIHT algorithm can compress the grid data to obtain better grid image quality.

Objective To analyze the research status of group psychological training in the field of psychological training using bibliometric methods, predict future research hotspots and development trends, and summarize the shortcomings in group psychological training. Methods Chinese literature related to group psychological training from 2003 to 2022 was retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform (Wanfang), and the VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database. Qualified literature was selected using NoteExpress V3.9, and the publication volume and journals of the qualified literature were statistically described using Excel. VOSviewer 1.6.18 was used to draw a co-authorship density view of core authors, and CiteSpace 6.1.R6 was used to draw co-occurrence maps, keyword clustering, timeline, and burst analysis for visualization analysis. Results In the 3 major Chinese databases, a total of 4 757 qualified articles were included. The overall publication volume showed a slow growth trend, with medical and educational journals being the main publication outlets. Journal of Chinese Health Psychology got the top in highest number of publications, reaching 171 articles. A total of 173 core authors and representative research teams such as Yang Guoyu, Li Na, Wang Ping and Zhang Yan were identified. Co-occurrence and clustering analysis of keywords showed a focus on empirical intervention research. Keyword burst analysis indicated that themes such as quality of life, psychological state, social functioning, negative emotions, and psychological resilience were the research directions of group psychological training. Group intervention research emerged as a research hotspot, representing the future development trend of psychological training. Conclusion The research hotspots of group psychological training mainly include group psychological counseling, group psychological therapy, group psychological consultation, and group psychological training. They are reflected in areas such as college students, mental health education, positive psychology, anxiety, depression, interpersonal relationships, and psychological qualities, and have obtained certain stage achievemets. However, further exploration and improvement are still needed in theoretical research, research methods, long-term tracking and evaluation, integration of theory and practice, and interdisciplinary cooperation.

Objective To develop a training scheme of psychological training for the developmental group of army sergeants and explore the intervention efficacy of the scheme on their psychological health. Methods Delphi method was used to construct a psychological training program for the developmental group of army sergeants. Eighty army sergeants were recruited as the research subjects, and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 40 individuals in each group. The experimental group received 10 sessions (90~120 min per session) of group psychological training based on our training program, while the control group received regular psychological health education and political education. The training effects were evaluated using the Self-Rating Depression Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Psychological Resilience Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, Brief Coping Style Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, Big Five Personality Inventory, and Self-Evaluation Questionnaire for Group Psychological Training before and in 1 week after the training. Results ① Our training program consisted of 3 units and 8 themes. The first unit focused on self-development, including self-awareness, self-acceptance, and self-growth. The second unit focused on emotion and stress management, including emotion regulation and stress management. The third unit focused on social development, including interpersonal communication, relationship adjustment, and career planning. ② After the training, the experimental group had significantly decreased scores of PHQ and GAD (P < 0.05), and the PHQ score was obviously lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). ③ The total score of psychological resilience, as well as the sub-scales of toughness, strength, and optimism, significantly increased in the experimental group (P < 0.05), and were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). ④ After the training, the dimension of friend support in social support was significantly increased in the experimental group (P < 0.05) and it was notably higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). ⑤ The positive coping score was significantly increased in the experimental group after the training (P < 0.05). ⑥ The extraversion dimension of the Big Five Personality Inventory was significantly increased in the experimental group after the training (P < 0.05). Conclusion Our training scheme for army sergeants can effectively alleviate anxiety and depression, increase positive coping styles, enhance psychological resilience, friend support in social support, and extraversion in the Big Five Personality.

Objective To investigate the association between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and cognitive dysfunction in patients with mild ischemic stroke. Methods Total 146 patients with mild ischemic stroke that diagnosed and treated in Chengde Central Hospital in Hebei from January 2020 to December 2021 were included. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to measure the RNFL thickness in each quadrant of both eyes, and Mini⁃Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used to evaluate cognitive function. Results In patients with mild ischemic stroke, the RNFL thickness at the superior side of left eye was greater than right eye (t = ⁃ 4.589, P = 0.000), and the RNFL thickness at the temporal side of right eye was greater than left eye (t = 3.639, P = 0.000). Correlation analysis showed that the correlation between the RNFL thickness at the superior side of the left eye and the MMSE score (r = 0.385, P = 0.000), the RNFL thickness at the temporal side of the left eye and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission (r = 0.170, P = 0.020) were positively correlated. The correlation between the RNFL thickness at the inferior side of the left eye and the history of drinking (r = ⁃ 0.216, P = 0.011), the RNFL thickness at the temporal side of the right eye and the history of hypertension (r = ⁃ 0.194, P = 0.023) were negativley correlated. Conclusions The thinning of RNFL in patients with mild ischemic stroke may have a certain degree of association with cognitive dysfunction.

Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor. Filamin-binding LIM protein 1 (FBLIM1) has been identified in multiple cancers and is suspected of playing a part in the development of tumors. However, the potential function of FBLIM1 mRNA in glioma has not been investigated. In this study, the clinical information and transcriptome data of glioma patients were, respectively, retrieved from the TCGA and CGGA databases. The expression level of FBLIM1 mRNA was shown to be aberrant in a wide variety of malignancies. Significantly, when glioma samples were compared to normal brain samples, FBLIM1 expression was shown to be significantly elevated in the former. A poor prognosis was related to high FBLIM1 expression, which was linked to more advanced clinical stages. Notably, multivariate analyses demonstrated that FBLIM1 expression was an independent predictor for the overall survival of glioma patients. Immune infiltration analysis disclosed that FBLIM1 expression had relevance with many immune cells. The results of RT-PCR suggested that FBLIM1 expression was markedly elevated in glioma specimens. Functional experiments unveiled that the knockdown of FBLIM1 mRNA suppressed glioma cell proliferation. In general, we initially discovered that FBLIM1 mRNA might be a possible prognostic marker in glioma.

Predicting cracking radius is a prerequisite for determining the holes spacing of gas extraction technology by liquid CO2 phase transition cracking and permeability improvement, which directly affects the gas extraction effect. Most existing prediction methods are based on single factor analysis. In order to grasp the influence of multiple factors on the radius of liquid CO2 phase transition cracking and effectively predict the spacing between holes, ANSYS/LS-DYNA numerical simulation software is used to carry out the research on predicting the radius of coal seam liquid CO2 phase transition cracking combing with orthogonal experiments. The numerical simulation results indicate that the order of factors affecting the radius of liquid CO2 phase transition cracking is ground stress>gas pressure>coal solidity coefficient. The cracking radius decreases with the increase of stress, and increases with the increase of gas pressure and coal solidity coefficient with a linear relationship. A multiple regression analysis is conducted on the numerical simulation results. A prediction model for the radius of liquid CO2 phase transition cracking is established based on three different coupling conditions of ground stress, gas pressure, and coal solidity coefficient. Industrial experiments are conducted on the coal mine site. Extraction boreholes are set up based on the predicted model calculation results. The pressure index method is used to test and analyze the gas extraction effect. The results show the following points. The gas pressure in the observation holes on both sides of the liquid CO2 phase transition cracking hole shows a decreasing trend with time. The farther away from the cracking hole in the initial stage of extraction, the greater the gas pressure. It is consistent with theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results. The effective cracking range of liquid CO2 phase transition is basically consistent with the predicted results. The gas volume fraction in the observation hole is 73.4% higher than that in the natural extraction hole, and the gas extraction efficiency is significantly improved.

Objective To summarize the clinical manifestations, pathological features and gene mutation diversity of Blau syndrome/early-onset sarcoidosis. Methods We collected general data, clinical manifestations, and auxiliary examination results from 8 patients who were diagnosed of Blau syndrome/early-onset sarcoidosis and treated in our hospital from January 2011 to December 2022, and then summarized and analyzed their characteristics and diversity. Results Among the 8 patients, 4 were males and 4 were females. The onset age was 3 to 8 months old. Rash was the first symptom in 7 patients(87.5%). 6 patients(75.0%) had papules and erythema.3 cases(37.5%) had arthritis. 2 cases(25.0%) had uveitis and other eye inflammation. 4 cases (50.0%) also showed intermittent fever. 3 cases (37.5%) showed symptoms in nerve and respiratory system, and hypertension respectively. The skin histopathology of 8 patients showed non-caseous granuloma formation. In laboratory detection, CRP and TNF-α were significantly increased before treatment, while IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and IL-2 receptor(IL-2R) were significantly decreased in 5 patients after glucocorticoid therapy. The results of genetic testing showed that 4 of the 7 patients had p.R334W(c.1000C > T) mutation, 1 had p.H313R(c.938A > G) and p.R471C(c.1411C > T)double mutation, and 1 had p.476_477del (c.1427_1429delcct). Conclusions Blau syndrome/early-onset sarcoidosis has significant features in clinical manifestations, histopathology and gene mutation, but it also has diversity.

The cable-driven parallel robot is a special flexible mechanism in parallel mechanism, the end-effector of which is driven by cables instead of rigid rods. It integrates the advantages of flexible robots and parallel robots. A three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) under-constrained parallel robot with variable cable mast heights is investigated in this study. The inverse kinematics model of the robot is established by using the vector closed-loop principle. The forward kinematics model of the robot is derived according to cable lengths. The dynamics model of the robot is established based on the Lagrange formula. The static equilibrium workspace (SEW) of the robot is studied using the Monte-Carlo method. Given the motion trajectory of the end-effector, the expected three cable lengths are obtained through the inverse kinematics model of the robot. Taking the expected three cable lengths as the experimental input, the experimental curves of cable lengths and cable tensions as well as the forward kinematics trajectory of the robot are obtained. The experimental results validate the correctness of the forward and inverse kinematics models and the dynamics model of the robot, as well as the effectiveness of the SEW.

Based on the typical dielectric materials and devices of satellite, a surface charging and dose monitor (SCAD) was developed to measure the surface charging voltage, current, and dose under different shielding depths. The SCAD has been successfully launched into orbit on June 23, 2020. The measurement results on orbit show that the SCAD works normally, and the data of SCAD are reasonable. The results show that the radiation dose rate on geosynchronous orbit is about 0.4 mrad(Si)/s, and the maximum charging voltage is about −800 V during the initial measuring period. The charging voltage is consistent with the trends of geomagnetic disturbance Kp index. The on-orbit data provide basic data on surface charging and discharging effect and total dose effect, supporting the safe and reliable operation of the satellite.

Aerosol microorganisms are important constituents of aerosols. They participate in physical and chemical reactions in the air and are also closely related to disease transmission and human health. With the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic， aerosol microorganisms have become a public health topic of great concern. Studying the composition and influencing factors of the air microbiome therefore has significant public health implications. Due to the limitations of traditional technologies for sampling and determination， the aerosol microbiome has not been fully understood. However， with the development and maturity of high-throughput sequencing technology， the aerosol microbiome has shown promising research prospects. This article reviews the composition， characteristics， detection methods and influencing factors of aerosol microorganisms， providing basic knowledge for further research on the air microbiome. In-depth research on microbial aerosols has significant implications on urban air quality control， national security and public health.

Acoustic sensors are widely deployed to detect hidden leakages in water distribution networks (WDNs). However, few studies have been conducted to quantitatively understand the dominant leakage acoustic characteristics, which are usually mixed with unknown environmental noises, coupled with the constraint of sparse deployment of acoustic sensors. In this paper, a comprehensive approach, that performs acoustic data feature analysis, is developed to detect pipe leakages in near real-time via a series of systematic analyses, namely: (1) data quality assessment; (2) features identifications; (3) outlier detection and event classification; and finally (4) near real-time leakage detection. The proposed solution has been tested on two major WDNs in Singapore having around 1,000 km of water pipelines installed with 74 permanently installed hydrophone sensors. The leakage detection results obtained from our case study demonstrate that the dominant leakage acoustic characteristics can be captured in lower intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), to within the frequency range of 100–750 Hz approximately, by decomposing the original acoustic signal. Systemwide leakage event detection and classification models are subsequently trained and tested on acoustic datasets collected over 13 historical months, where more than 70% F1-scores can be obtained from the emulated near real-time leakage detection analysis. HIGHLIGHTS Developed acoustic feature-based methodology for near real-time leakage event detection and classification.; Verified methodology with 74 permanently installed hydrophones in two water supply zones having 1,000 km water pipelines in Singapore.; Achieved F1-score of >70% for leakage event detection and classification analyses on imbalanced acoustic datasets collected over 13 months.;

In this paper, the intergenerational development, component characteristics, and strengthening mechanism of carburized gear materials for aerospace power transmission systems are reviewed. The first-generation carburized gear steel is low-carbon medium/low-alloy steel, and the surface hardening of the carburized layer structure is realized by Fe3C carbides. Due to the low content of alloying elements, the tempering resistance of the first-generation carburized gear steel is poor, and the general service temperature range is within 200 ℃. Among the first-generation carburized gear steels, the content of carbide-formation elements of 16Cr3NiWMoVNbE material is relatively high. This material can be developed for the second-generation carburized gear steel with a wide-range service temperature through the critical saturation carburization process. The second-generation carburized gear steel is a low-carbon medium/high-alloy steel. Some M2C strengthening phases with high tempering resistance can be precipitated during the tempering process by further improving the alloying degree and appropriately increasing the content of Mo element with strong tempering resistance. The overall service temperature range is raised to 350 ℃. The third-generation carburized gear steel is low-carbon ultra-high alloy steel, and the “secondary hardening” effect works thoroughly via computational methods. Therefore, the material can be used in a temperature range below 500 ℃ for a long time. The existing alloy structural steel system can not avoid the problem of rapid strength decay after long-term service at high temperatures above 500 ℃. Therefore, the next-generation carburized gear materials will be developed based on iron-based alloys with excellent oxidation resistance.

The cable-driven parallel robot is a special type of parallel robots whose end-effector is driven by cables instead of rigid rods. A three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) under-constrained parallel robot with variable cable mast angle is studied. The inverse kinematics model of the robot is established by using the vector closed-loop principle. According to the Lagrange equation, the dynamics model of the robot is established. Based on the robot PD control theory of model compensation, a PD controller of the robot is designed. Given a motion trajectory of the end-effector of the robot, the pose change of the end-effector is transformed into cable length change through the inverse kinematics of the robot. The cable length is used as the input of the control system. The experimental results verify the correctness of the inverse kinematics and dynamics model of the robot and the effectiveness of the control method.

【Objective】 Yilong Lake is located in Yunnan province. Like many other regions in China, its land usage has undergone change over the past decades. The purpose of this paper is to quantify this change using satellite imageries. 【Method】 The analysis is based on satellite imageries acquired from 1999 to 2018 from the basin. Land use transfer matrix and the CA-Markov model were used to analyze the spatial distribution and change in land usage during this period. 【Result】 ①The land use was dominated by croplands from 1999 to 2005 and forest from 2010 to 2018. ②The areas of cropland, pasture, natural land and surface water bodies had been in decline from 1999 to 2018, with their overall areas reduced by 50.60, 27.17, 24.72 and 6.66 km2, respectively. In contrast, forest and urban areas had both increased significantly. The increase in forest areas is mainly due to the conversion of cropland, pasture and natural lands, while the increase in urban areas is mainly due to the use of cropland and natural land. ③It is expected that by 2050, urban and forest areas in the region will increase to 98.62 and 161.03 km2, respectively, while the area of surface water will decrease. 【Conclusion】 The important goal in land resource management in the Yilong lake watershed in the future should be to control the increase in urban area and the decrease in surface water bodies.

Traditional orchard production is facing problems of labor shortage due to the aging, difficulties in the management of agricultural equipment and production materials, and low production efficiency which can be expected to be solved by building a smart orchard that integrates technologies of Internet of Things(IoT), big data, equipment intelligence, et al. In this study, based on the objectives of full mechanization and intelligent management, a smart orchard was built in Pinggu district, an important peaches and pears fruit producing area of Beijing. The orchard covers an aera of more than 30 hm2 in Xiying village, Yukou town. In the orchard, more than 10 kinds of information acquisition sensors for pests, diseases, water, fertilizers and medicines are applied, 28 kinds of agricultural machineries with intelligent technical support are equipped. The key technologies used include: intelligent information acquisition system, integrated water and fertilizer management system and intelligent pest management system. The intelligent operation equipment system includes: unmanned lawn mower, intelligent anti-freeze machine, trenching and fertilizer machine, automatic driving crawler, intelligent profiling variable sprayer, six-rotor branch-to-target drone, multi-functional picking platform and finishing and pruning machine, etc. At the same time, an intelligent management platform has been built in the smart orchard. The comparison results showed that, smart orchard production can reduce labor costs by more than 50%, save pesticide dosage by 30% ~ 40%, fertilizer dosage by 25% ~ 35%, irrigation water consumption by 60% ~ 70%, and comprehensive economic benefits increased by 32.5%. The popularization and application of smart orchards will further promote China's fruit production level and facilitate the development of smart agriculture in China.

In order to meet the needs of cross-border railway transportation in Europe and improve the efficiency of cross-border railway transportation, cross-border transportation trains must not only be compatible with the railway signaling systems of various countries, but also support the changing of different traction power supply systems. In this regard, the European Train Control System (ETCS) has designed the changing process of traction systems, but there is no research on the backup operation of automatic changing. Through in-depth study on the changing information of traction system of the relevant interfaces, this paper improves the communication protocol between ETCS and TCMS (train control and management system) and the display characteristic of driver-machine interface (DMI), and optimizes the control logic of ETCS changing traction system. A scheme of ETCS changing traction system with manual changing as the backup mode is proposed. This scheme can effectively improve changing efficiency and safety of multi-system locomotive traction system equipped with ETCS system, and the ETCS system using this scheme has been successfully applied to many on-board signal systems in Czech, Hungary and other countries. At the same time, this scheme has reference significance for the research and development of regional railway signalling system in China.

Objective To summarize the clinical, imaging and genetic characteristics of spinocerebellar ataxia 2 (SCA2) families presenting as Parkinsonism. Methods and Results Two families with autosomal dominant SCA2 with Parkinson's syndrome diagnosed by genetic test in Peking University First Hospital from May 2019 to December 2020 were included. The probands in 2 families manifested as lead⁃pipe like rigidity and cerebellum ataxia. Electronystagmography (ENG) in proband of family 1 showed gaze nystagmus, understable saccade, decreased smooth tracking ability and disappeared optokinetic nystagmus, proband of family 2 showed slow saccade, decreased smooth tracking ability and decreased optokinetic nystagmus. Head MRI in both probands of 2 families showed slightly enlarged third ventricle, while the proband of family 2 showed atrophy in brain stem and cerebellar. Whole exome sequencing (WES) in 2 probands showed no gene mutations, Sanger sequencing showed dynamic mutation of ATXN2 gene and the copy number of cytosine⁃adenine⁃guanine (CAG) with 37 repeats. Two probands were finally diagnosed as SCA2, and two pedigrees were diagnosed as SCA2 pedigrees. Conclusions SCA2 can present as Parkinsonism, which is easily to be misdiagnosed as Parkinson's disease due to the effective treatment of levodopa. ENG is helpful in detecting subclinical cerebellar lesions. For Parkinsonism patients with family history, especially when cerebellar lesions are involved, ATXN2 gene testing is recommended.

Hydrogen production by decomposing water using semiconductor photocatalysts is considered a promising method capable of producing clean energy and solving environmental problems. Hexagonalphase CdS single crystals with layer-stacked hexagonal nanosheet structure were synthesized by hydrothermal method by adjusting the synthesis conditions of CdS, which simultaneously exposed different crystalline surfaces. A multivalent MnOx co-catalyst was loaded on CdS by photodeposition, which acts as an oxidation co-catalyst and tends to collect holes. The unique structural features of the two co-catalysts with different valence states of Mn greatly inhibited the complexation of photogenerated electrons and holes, which favored the charge separation and transfer, and the performance of the photocatalysts was greatly improved with a hydrogen production rate of 1.31 mmolꞏg-1ꞏh-1.

More and more patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) have benefited from surgical resection or ablation following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), but nCRT may be ineffective and have potential risks to some patients. Therefore, it is necessary to discover effective biomarkers for predicting the nCRT efficacy in CRC patients. Chromokinesin Kif4A plays a critical role in mitosis, DNA damage repair and tumorigenesis, but its relationship with nCRT efficacy in advanced CRC remains unclear. Here, we find that Kif4A expression in pretreated tumor tissue is positively correlated with poorer tumor regression after receiving nCRT ( P=0.005). Knockdown of endogenous Kif4A causes an increased sensitivity of CRC cells to chemotherapeutic drugs 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and Cisplatin (DDP), while overexpression of Kif4A enhances resistance of CRC cells to the chemotherapeutic drugs. Furthermore, depending on its motor domain and tail domain, Kif4A regulates DNA damage response (DDR) induced by 5-FU or DDP treatment in CRC cells. In conclusion, we demonstrate that Kif4A may be a potential independent biomarker for predicting the nCRT efficacy in advanced CRC patients, and Kif4A regulates chemosensitivity of CRC cells through controlling DDR.

This study investigated the effect of microRNA mir-548ar-3p on cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). High-throughput sequencing was performed on peripheral blood from smoking COPD patients and non-smoking individuals with normal pulmonary function, and miR-548ar-3p RNA, possessing large differential expression was selected. Experimental groups were divided into control, experimental model (EM), EM+mimic miRNA, negative control (NC) and EM+miR-548ar-3p groups; an empty vector or miR-548ar-3p mimic was transfected into human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells. A COPD model was established by treating HBE cells with CSE. Cell viability, apoptosis and solute carrier family 17 member 9 (SLC17A9) protein expression were examined by cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry and Western blotting, respectively. Cell viability in the EM+miR-548ar-3p group decreased significantly, and the apoptosis rate and SLC17A9 protein expression increased significantly compared with the control (P

Background: Specific tumor markers have yet to be identified in rectal cancer. This study aims to identify a novel genetic signature in rectal cancer to provide clues for survival and immunotherapy. Methods: DEGs were obtained from two GEO datasets of rectal cancer. By using data from TCGA and GSE133057, two cohorts of rectal cancer were applied to establish and evaluate the signature. A nomogram was constructed for training and validation. We integrated the risk-score with clinicopathological features and assessed its interplay with immune cells and molecules. Finally, our study performed functional annotations, gene-targeted miRNAs, and single-cell analysis. Results: A total of 468 DEGs were identified, and a signature consisting of 5 genes (CLIC5, ENTPD8, PACSIN3, HGD, and GNG7) was selected to calculate the risk-score. The model exhibited high performance in time-dependent ROC and a nomogram. Further results showed that overall survival was significantly worse in the high-risk group. As an independent prognostic factor, the risk-score was associated with vascular invasion. There was a dramatic difference in nonregulatory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells between the high and low-risk groups, and the 5 genes were correlated with immune inhibitors. There was a considerable difference in autophagy, immune, cell cycle, infection, and apoptosis-associated terms and pathways in GO and KEGG. The functional states of differentiation, apoptosis, and quiescence were closely related to the 5-gene signature in single-cell analysis. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the signature could serve as a novel prognostic biomarker in rectal cancer, which might benefit decision-making regarding immunotherapy.

Five monolayer plasmid DNA films were irradiated by low-energy electrons (LEEs) (1~20 eV) in ultra-high vacuum. Crosslinks, single-strand breaks, double-strand breaks and the loss of the supercoiled configuration were analyzed via agarose gel electrophoresis. Base damages were revealed by Escherichia coli base excision and repair endonucleases (Nth and Fpg). The electron energy dependence for the effective yields of various DNA damages showed that no clustered damage within 20 base pairs could be caused by electrons

BackgroundSynchrotron radiation confocal micro X-ray fluorescence (confocal μ-SRXRF) micro-probe is a three dimensional analytical method for detecting chemical elements with depth resolution. It can be used to obtain the chemical element information at different depths of samples in situ, which is suitable in the fields of life and environmental sciences.PurposeThis study aims to apply the confocal μ-SRXRF device and in-situ cryogenic device, developed at the hard X-ray micro-focusing beamline (BL15U1) of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), to analyze the in vivo chemical elemental imaging of biological samples.MethodsConfocal μ-SRXRF was based on K-B mirrors and polycapillary X-ray optics. The foci of the polycapillary X-ray optics and the incident X-ray beam were coincident by continuous scanning and position modification. The confocal μ-SRXRF was used for in-situ XRF imaging analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds and Daphnia magna, and compared with that of conventional μ-SRXRF. The confocal volume was submerged at different depths within the samples to obtain the depth-dependent information. In addition, an in-situ cryogenic device was used to keep Daphnia magna under the cryogenic environment.ResultsThe spatial distributions of chemical elements for in vivo biological samples were directly obtained by confocal μ-SRXRF, without slicing or drying. The specific distribution of chemical elements in plant tissues or organs is more accurately obtained while the absorption and distribution characteristics of chemical elements in organisms are observed more carefully.ConclusionsConfocal μ-SRXRF can be used to directly and effectively analyze the spatial distribution of chemical elements within biological samples. Meanwhile, it can be expanded to analyze the heat-sensitive biological samples and chemical elements by equipping with in-situ cryogenic device, providing a powerful in-situ characterization technique for the life and environment research.

The CCCH(C3H) transcription factor is an important transcription factor in plants in the process of plant development, hormone regulation and under stress. Rose is one of the most important commercial flower crops worldwide. However, there are few reports about the C3H gene of rose and Rosa chinensis Jacq. The reference genome sequence becomes a valuable source of data for the C3H genes in rose (RcC3Hs). We identified 31 encoding members in total, which were distributed on seven chromosomes and clustered into 11 subgroups in R. chinensis. Each subgroup has similar group-specific features including motifs, gene structure, cis-acting elements and collinearity in R. chinensis and two other species (Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa L). The RcC3Hs’tissue-specific expression by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that the expression of RcC3Hs was higher in roots and leaves compared with other tissues. These results provide a theoretical basis for the follow-up exploration of the functions of RcC3Hs and the molecular breeding of rose. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/13102818.2021.1901609 .

IntroductionWith the increasing complexity of healthcare problems worldwide, the demand for better-coordinated care delivery is on the rise. However, current hospital-based practices remain largely disease-centric and specialist-driven, resulting in fragmented care. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of an integrated general hospital (IGH) inpatient care model.MethodsRetrospective analysis of medical records between June 2018 and August 2019 compared patients admitted under the IGH model and patients receiving usual care in public hospitals. The IGH model managed patients from one location with a multidisciplinary team, performing needs-based care transition utilizing acuity tagging to match the intensity of care to illness acuity.Results5,000 episodes of IGH care entered analysis. In the absence of care transition in intervention and control, IGH average length of stay (ALOS) was 0.7 days shorter than control. In the group with care transition in intervention but not in control, IGH acute ALOS was 2 days shorter, whereas subacute ALOS was 4.8 days longer. In the presence of care transition in intervention and control, IGH acute ALOS was 6.4 and 10.2 days shorter and subacute ALOS was 15.8 and 26.9 days shorter compared with patients under usual care at acute hospitals with and without co-located community hospitals, respectively. The 30- and 60-days readmission rates of IGH patients were marginally higher than usual care, though not clinically significant.DiscussionsThe IGH care model maybe associated with shorter ALOS of inpatients and optimize resource allocation and service utilization. Patients with dynamic acuity transition benefited from a seamless care transition process.

The carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites with different stitch density were manufactured using modified lock stitching and vacuum assisted resin infusion (VARI) molding process. The influence of stitch space and stitch pitch on mechanical properties of the composites was investigated. The optimum stitch density was obtained. The results show that with increasing stitch space, both tensile and flexural properties enhance and interlaminar shear strength increases first and then decreases. With the increase of stitch pitch, both tensile and flexural properties exhibit an increasing trend. The stitched composites have the optimum integrated mechanical properties when the stitch density is 5 mm×8 mm. Their tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength and flexural modulus reduce by 13.3%, 12.7%, 23.0% and 25.2%, respectively, whereas the interlaminar shear strength increases by 11.3% compared to the unstitched composites.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of risk perception of military personnel in different areas during the early stage of COVID-19 outbreak. Methods We conducted an online survey of risk perception using Risk Cognitive Questionnaire (RCQ) among 4 526 young (18 to 35 years of age) military officers and soldiers serving in 31 Chinese provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities between January 26th to February 4th, 2020. The difference in risk perception was analyzed among the individuals from different geographic regions with varying epidemic risks (grades C1~C5 according to the cumulative number of confirmed cases in each province and city) and distances from the risk area (grades D1~D5 according to the straight distance to Wuhan). Results The factor scores of RCQ varied significantly among the military personnel serving in regions with different grades of epidemic risk (F=22.399, P < 0.001). With the reduction of the grade of epidemic risk, the changes in RCQ scores of the surveyed participants presented with an inverted N-shaped curve (P < 0.01). The RCQ scores also varied significantly with the distance from the risk areas (F=15.729, P < 0.01), and as the distance from the risk area increased, the RCQ scores of the participants showed a gradual downward trend (P < 0.05). Gender, age, education and marital status all significantly affected RCQ scores of the participants in different areas (P < 0.01 or 0.05). Conclusion In the early stage of COVID-19 outbreak, the level of risk perception among young military personnel is decreased gradually with the decrease of the grade of local risk and the increase of distance from the epicenter of the outbreak.

Objective To investigate the risk perception of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among young military personnel serving in high-altitude regions in the early stage of COVID-19 outbreak. Methods Using Risk Cognitive Questionnaire (RCQ), we conducted an online survey of risk perception for COVID-19 among 1 093 young military personnel serving in regions of different altitudes (< 1 000 m, 3 000-4 000 m, and >4 000 m) in the early stage of COVID-19 outbreak (January 28 to 30, 2020), and analyzed the differences in risk cognition among the subjects. Results ① The military personnel serving in high- and low-altitude regions showed significant differences in total RCQ scores and the scores for controllability, familiarity, fear and reversibility (P < 0.05). ②The total RCQ scores differed significantly among the subjects with different marital status, education levels and experience of public health emergencies (P < 0.05). ③Altitude, marital status, education and experience of public health emergencies were all important factors affecting risk perception of the disease among the young military personnel (P < 0.05). ④The personnel serving in low-altitude (< 1 000 m) regions who were unmarried, had a college degree, and had previous experience of public health emergencies had the lowest total RCQ scores, while those serving in regions above 4 000 m who were married and had at least a bachelor's degree without experience of public health emergencies had the highest total RCQ scores (P < 0.05). Conclusion As the altitude increases, the risk perception for COVID-19 tends to increase among the young military personnel. Special attention should be given to the mental health status of the well-educated, married personnel serving in high-altitude regions who have no experience of public health emergencies.

This paper proposes a design method for a robust fractional-order PID (FOPID) controller for time-delay systems. A new Bode's ideal transfer function is introduced to tolerance the time-delay in loop. Robust stability is analyzed for the Bode's model in terms of gain and phase margins to help the parameter tuning. To simplify FOPID design from solving nonlinear equations, five unknown parameters are reduced to one in the Bode shaping by data fitting between a parametric model and the real plant. Then, the problem is simply solved by one-dimensional searching. Furthermore, the proposed FOPID controller design is extended to multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) systems by using disturbance observer (DOB). Finally, simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

We present a tapered coupler design to achieve single-mode operation in multimode microring resonators and experimentally demonstrate Kerr comb generation in a high-Q, single-mode operated AlGaAs-on-insulator multimode microring resonator.

We utilize modal phase matching and type-I configuration to achieve second harmonic generation in AlGaAs-on-insulator waveguides. We demonstrate an overall normalized conversion efficiency of 200% W-1 cm-2 at a pump wavelength of 1587 nm in a 1-mm-long waveguide.

Heparan sulfate (HS) is degraded in lysosome by a series of glycosidases. Before the glycosidases can act, the terminal glucosamine of HS must be acetylated by the integral lysosomal membrane enzyme heparan-α-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase (HGSNAT). Mutations of HGSNAT cause HS accumulation and consequently mucopolysaccharidosis IIIC, a devastating lysosomal storage disease characterized by progressive neurological deterioration and early death where no treatment is available. HGSNAT catalyzes a unique transmembrane acetylation reaction where the acetyl group of cytosolic acetyl-CoA is transported across the lysosomal membrane and attached to HS in one reaction. However, the reaction mechanism remains elusive. Here we report six cryo-EM structures of HGSNAT along the reaction pathway. These structures reveal a dimer arrangement and a unique structural fold, which enables the elucidation of the reaction mechanism. We find that a central pore within each monomer traverses the membrane and controls access of cytosolic acetyl-CoA to the active site at its luminal mouth where glucosamine binds. A histidine-aspartic acid catalytic dyad catalyzes the transfer reaction via a ternary complex mechanism. Furthermore, the structures allow the mapping of disease-causing variants and reveal their potential impact on the function, thus creating a framework to guide structure-based drug discovery efforts.